A seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum

Abstract

The present invention provides a seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum, belonging to the technical field of seismic isolation bearings for strut-type equipment. The seismic isolation bearing includes a distributed friction pendulum isolator, an upper bearing plate of the isolator, a plurality of isolator side plates, a plurality of springs, and a bearing plate of the isolator; the plurality of isolator side plates are symmetrically arranged above the bearing plate of the isolator, and the upper bearing plate of the isolator is arranged above the isolator side plates; the isolator side plates and the upper bearing plate of the isolator are connected by a plurality of springs, and the distributed friction pendulum isolator is arranged between the upper bearing plate of the isolator and the isolator side plates; the distributed friction pendulum isolator includes a plurality of movable sliders and a connecting shaft, and the movable sliders are arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft. When the upper electrical structure undergoes bending and torsional effects, the upper bearing plate of the overall isolator will rotate, and the friction of the sliders can consume the energy in the vertical direction, achieving the effect of reducing vertical earthquakes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of seismic isolation bearings for strut-like devices, and particularly relates to a seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum. Background Art

[0002] In modern society, the "lifeline engineering system" mainly refers to the basic engineering infrastructure system that sustains the functions of modern cities and regional economies, mainly including five systems: power, transportation, communication, urban water supply, and gas supply. As an important part of the large and complex lifeline system, the safety issue of the power system directly affects the normal operation of society and the production and life of the people. Each part of the lifeline system is independent and yet interdependent and mutually based. It is precisely because of this complex and diverse relationship that the importance of the power system cannot be ignored.

[0003] The power system is an integrated whole composed of power plants, transmission grids, distribution grids, and power users, and is a unified power production and consumption system that converts primary energy into electrical energy and transmits and distributes it to users. Power plants convert primary energy into electrical energy, and through the power grid, the electrical energy is transmitted and distributed to the electrical equipment of power users, thus completing the entire process of electrical energy from production to use. The development of the economy has placed higher requirements on the stable operation of the power system. Ensuring the safe operation of the power supply system and eliminating or preventing power system failures are particularly important. There are many sources of power system failures. The starting point and end users of power system control are often humans, which leads to some failures originating from human design, manufacturing, installation, and operation, etc. Since electrical equipment is also an engineering structure or stored in an engineering structure and works and operates in the natural environment, the influence of environmental factors such as earthquakes, strong storms, ice and snow disasters, geological disasters such as floods and landslides, birds and beasts, and pollution are also the main sources of power system failures. Past earthquake damage records show that in the power system, especially the seismic vulnerability of substation equipment is extremely high, and once damaged, it will lead to extremely serious consequences. At the lightest, partial line power transmission is interrupted, and at the heaviest, the entire regional power system is paralyzed, which not only seriously affects normal social operations but also delays earthquake rescue and post-disaster reconstruction work, resulting in incalculable economic losses.

[0004] At present, the design methods of power equipment all aim to reduce the dynamic response of the equipment from the perspective of "resisting force directly", that is, by increasing the material strength and using connection and fixing methods to prevent the equipment from toppling, falling or sliding during an earthquake. When using the above standards for the seismic design of high-voltage pillar electrical equipment, its reliability under earthquake action can be improved to a certain extent. For ultra-high voltage and extra-high voltage pillar electrical equipment in substations, due to its structural characteristics of "heavy on top and light on the bottom", being thin and long, the functional requirements of electrical insulation of the equipment, and the limitations of manufacturing materials and installation sites, it is often impossible to effectively increase the strength of vulnerable parts. Especially under rare earthquakes, even if designed and installed according to established standards, it will be damaged due to strong vibrations. Therefore, the use of the relatively mature seismic isolation and vibration reduction technology in civil buildings for the seismic isolation design of pillar electrical equipment is a new development direction in the field of electrical equipment seismic resistance. For substation pillar electrical equipment, the use of seismic isolation and vibration reduction technology can meet the expected earthquake prevention requirements by only slightly adjusting the slack of the busbar without changing the manufacturing materials, external dimensions, busbar connection methods, etc. of the equipment, effectively reducing the dynamic response of the equipment and enabling it to still operate normally under strong earthquake action. In addition, the use of seismic isolation technology is also convenient for the reinforcement of existing equipment and the repair and restoration of existing equipment after an earthquake. Rubber seismic isolation bearings are widely used in equipment such as building bridges. These equipment have a strong normal section pressure on the seismic isolation bearings and allow large displacement deformations of the rubber seismic isolation bearings. Although these engineering experiences have proved the effectiveness of rubber bearings, they are not suitable for tall pillar electrical equipment and cannot meet the displacement spacing requirements of electrical equipment

[0005] Therefore, seismic isolators such as wire rope dampers, spring dampers, viscous dampers, rubber seismic isolation bearings, and sliding friction pendulum seismic isolation bearings that have been proven by theory or engineering practice cannot meet the seismic isolation and vibration reduction requirements of pillar electrical equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of seismic isolation bearing that can reduce the root stress response of electrical equipment under earthquake action while controlling the top displacement response Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum, which can not only slide and dissipate energy horizontally by friction, but also rely on springs to provide vertical energy dissipation ability to meet the seismic isolation and vibration reduction requirements of pillar electrical equipment

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention discloses a seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum, including a distributed friction pendulum seismic isolator, an upper support plate of the seismic isolator, side plates of the seismic isolator, springs, and a base plate of the seismic isolator

[0009] A plurality of the seismic isolation device side plates are symmetrically arranged above the seismic isolation device base plate, and the seismic isolation device upper support plate is arranged above the seismic isolation device side plates;

[0010] The seismic isolation device side plates and the seismic isolation device upper support plate are connected by a plurality of springs, and the distributed friction pendulum seismic isolation device is arranged between the seismic isolation device upper support plate and the seismic isolation device side plates;

[0011] The distributed friction pendulum seismic isolation device includes a plurality of movable sliders and a connecting shaft, and the movable sliders are arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft.

[0012] Further, in the present invention, the seismic isolation device side plates are symmetrically arranged along the edge of the seismic isolation device base plate, and the positions of the movable sliders correspond one-to-one to the positions of the seismic isolation device side plates.

[0013] Further, in the present invention, the seismic isolation device side plates include a seismic isolation device lower support plate and a sliding friction pendulum bottom support, and the seismic isolation device lower support plate and the sliding friction pendulum bottom support are perpendicular to each other; a second ear plate is arranged at the corner of the seismic isolation device lower support plate and the sliding friction pendulum bottom support.

[0014] Further, in the present invention, through holes for connecting with the seismic isolation device upper support plate are formed in the seismic isolation device lower support plate.

[0015] Further, in the present invention, the seismic isolation device upper support plate includes a seismic isolation device upper support plate platform and a seismic isolation device upper support plate connection block;

[0016] The seismic isolation device upper support plate connection block is arranged below the seismic isolation device upper support plate platform;

[0017] A first ear plate for connecting with the seismic isolation device side plates is arranged on the seismic isolation device upper support plate connection block.

[0018] Further, in the present invention, the positions of the seismic isolation device upper support plate connection blocks in the seismic isolation device upper support plate correspond one-to-one to the positions of the sliding friction pendulum bottom supports in the seismic isolation device side plates.

[0019] Further, in the present invention, the side surface of the movable slider is spherical and both ends are flat.

[0020] Further, in the present invention, the radian of the side surface of the movable slider fits with the radian of the contact surfaces of the seismic isolation device side plates and the seismic isolation device upper support plate.

[0021] Further, in the present invention, bolt connection holes are formed in the seismic isolation device upper support plate, and the bolt connection holes are used for fixing the upper electrical structure.

[0022] Further, in the present invention, the connecting shaft is parallel to the seismic isolation device upper support plate and the seismic isolation device base plate, and the central axis of the connecting shaft is the same as the central axes of the seismic isolation device upper support plate and the seismic isolation device base plate.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention provides a seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum. Through the combination of the distributed friction pendulum and the spring, the bearing can not only meet the seismic isolation requirements of multi-dimensional earthquakes input from the ground, but also solve the rotational effect of pillar-like equipment under earthquake action, thereby reducing the displacement response of the equipment at the top of the structure, and further meeting the normal use spacing requirements of electrical equipment. When the earthquake action on the ground acts on the new seismic isolation bearing, the distributed friction pendulum and the spring work together to reduce the seismic response. Among them, the distributed friction pendulum has good non-linear hysteretic characteristics, which can reduce the seismic action in two horizontal directions and the vertical direction. The presence of the spring restricts the relative movement of the upper and lower plates of the bearing, thereby reducing the rotation of the upper structure along the bearing, and finally reducing the displacement at the top of the structure, providing good seismic isolation efficiency for pillar-like electrical equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation effect of the distributed seismic isolation bearing of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the distributed friction pendulum seismic isolation of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the distributed friction pendulum isolator after displacement occurs in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a top view of the distributed friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing of the present invention.

[0029] Wherein: 1 - upper electrical structure; 2 - bolt connection hole; 3 - upper bearing plate of the isolator; 4 - lower bearing plate of the isolator; 5 - spring; 6 - movable slider; 7 - bottom support of the sliding friction pendulum, 8 - bottom plate of the isolator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and the above-mentioned drawings of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0033] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown, the present invention provides a seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum, which includes an upper bearing plate 3 of the isolator, a lower bearing plate 4 of the isolator, a spring 5, a movable slider 6, a bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum and a bearing plate 8 of the isolator.

[0034] A plurality of isolator side plates include a lower bearing plate 4 of the isolator and a bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum that are perpendicular to each other; a plurality of movable sliders 6 and the connecting shafts therebetween form a distributed friction pendulum isolator or the movable sliders 6 are arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft; the upper bearing plate 3 of the isolator is composed of an upper bearing plate platform of the isolator and a connecting block of the upper bearing plate of the isolator; the connecting block of the upper bearing plate of the isolator is arranged below the upper bearing plate platform of the isolator, and the position of the connecting block of the upper bearing plate of the isolator corresponds to the position of the bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum, the position of the movable slider 6 corresponds to the position of the isolator side plate, and the movable slider 6 is arranged between the connecting block of the upper bearing plate of the isolator and the bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum.

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, a plurality of the isolator side plates are symmetrically arranged above the bearing plate 8 of the isolator, the upper bearing plate 3 of the isolator is arranged above the isolator side plates and the bearing plate 8 of the isolator, and the lower bearing plate 4 of the isolator and the bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum in the isolator side plates are connected to the upper bearing plate 3 of the isolator through a plurality of springs 5.

[0036] Further, the isolation device side plates are symmetrically arranged along the edge of the isolation device base plate 8; further, second ear plates are provided at the corners of the lower support plate 4 of the isolation device and the bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum, and the second ear plates are used to connect with the isolation device side plates, and through holes are provided on the lower support plate 4 of the isolation device; further, a first ear plate is provided on the connection block of the upper support plate of the isolation device, and the first ear plate is used to connect with the isolation device side plates; the second ear plate and the through hole are connected through a spring 5 and the first ear plate in the upper support plate 3 of the isolation device.

[0037] The distributed friction pendulum isolation device is arranged between the isolation device side plates and the upper support plate 3 of the isolation device. The difference is that the upper support plate 3 of the isolation device is an integral body, and bolt connection holes 2 for fixing the upper electrical structure 1 are provided on the upper support plate 3 of the isolation device; the upper support plate 3 of the isolation device is connected to the upper electrical structure 1 through the bolt connection holes 2.

[0038] The connection block of the upper support plate in the upper support plate 3 of the isolation device defines the movement range of the movable slider 6 by fitting with the radian of the contact surface with the bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum in the isolation device side plate, and the arc surface of the movable slider 6 and the connection block of the upper support plate in the isolation device side plate have the same radian as the contact surface with the bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum.

[0039] Further, the side surface of the movable slider 6 is spherical and both ends are flat. The side surface of the movable slider 6 fits with the radian of the contact surfaces with the bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum in the isolation device side plate and the connection block of the upper support plate in the upper support plate 3 of the isolation device.

[0040] The advantage of the isolation device base plate 8 is that it fully considers the flatness problem of the bottom concrete foundation, which is convenient for its upper connecting plate to always remain in the horizontal plane.

[0041] The connecting shaft between the movable sliding blocks 6 in the distributed friction pendulum isolation device is parallel to the upper support plate 3 and the isolation device base plate 8 above and below it, and the central axis of the connecting shaft is the same as the central axes of the upper support plate 3 and the isolation device base plate 8.

[0042] In the specific implementation process, the shape of the connecting plate on the upper part of the isolation device base plate 8 is an arbitrary polygon, and the number of ear plates for connection should not be less than four, the number of springs 5 at each connection should not be less than 2, and the planar arrangement of the movable slider 6 and its corresponding isolation side plate and the connection block of the upper support plate of the isolation device can be arranged in the most unfavorable direction of the seismic action according to the basic characteristics of the structure to achieve the optimal seismic isolation and vibration reduction effect.

[0043] The installation steps of the above isolation bearing based on the distributed friction pendulum include the following steps:

[0044] The first step is to level the concrete base of the equipment, select different numbers of seismic isolator base plates 8 according to the characteristics of the equipment and the weak directions of earthquake action, and fix them on the concrete base with bolts.

[0045] In the second step, the lower support plate 4 of the seismic isolator and the bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum are designed and installed on the fixed seismic isolator base plate 8, and then leveled in the horizontal direction.

[0046] The third step is to place the designed movable slider 6 on the bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum so that the curvature of the contact surfaces of the two are matched, and level it after installation.

[0047] The fourth step is to connect the upper support plate 3 of the seismic isolator and the side plate of the seismic isolator through springs 5, and adjust the angle and number of springs 5 ​​according to different equipment.

[0048] The fifth step is to install the protective shell of the spring 5, and the protective shell is slidably connected with the upper support plate 3 and the lower support plate 4 of the seismic isolator to ensure the recovery deformation ability of the seismic isolator after displacement.

[0049] Step 6: Level the upper support plate 3 of the seismic isolator and install the upper electrical structure 1.

[0050] The springs on each connecting plate should be selected according to the mass and height of the superstructure. Different numbers of springs provide different amounts of torsional stiffness of the overall structure around the bottom center connection point.

[0051] The movable slider 6 in the distributed friction pendulum isolator is connected to the spring 5 in the same vertical plane to ensure the consistency of the force transmission direction of the isolator after the earthquake. The number and angle of the movable slider 6 should be selected according to the actual engineering application.

[0052] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, when subjected to earthquake load, the upper support plate 3 of the seismic isolator will slide in the horizontal direction. No matter how the support slides, the seismic isolator can make corresponding movements after displacement, adapting to the horizontal displacement of the upper support plate 3 of the seismic isolator, and moving the movable slider 6 and spring 5 in the horizontal direction, thereby consuming energy to reduce the seismic effect. When the upper electrical structure 1 is bent and torsionally acted, the upper support plate 3 of the seismic isolator of the overall seismic isolator will rotate, causing the springs 5 ​​at different positions to be in a state of tension or compression, so that the friction of the slider can consume energy in the vertical direction, thereby achieving the effect of reducing vertical earthquakes.

[0053] Example

[0054] The present invention discloses a seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum, which includes a distributed friction pendulum isolator, an upper bearing plate 3 of the isolator, a plurality of side plates of the isolator, a plurality of springs 5, and a bearing plate 8 of the isolator; wherein, the side plates of the isolator include a lower bearing plate 4 of the isolator and a bottom support 7 of the sliding friction pendulum; the distributed friction pendulum isolator includes a movable slider 6 and its connecting shaft.

[0055] The distributed friction pendulum isolator is arranged between the side plates of the isolator and the upper bearing plate 3 of the isolator, and is respectively connected to the upper bearing plate 3 of the isolator and the lower bearing plate 4 of the isolator. Connecting ear plates are respectively arranged on the outer side of the upper bearing plate 3 of the isolator and the inner side of the lower bearing plate 4 of the isolator. The upper and lower plates of the isolator are connected together by springs 5 through the arranged ear plates. The friction pendulum isolator (sliding friction pendulum) adopts a distributed design. Each slider is half of the structure of a spherical cylinder, and a horizontal beam (connecting shaft) is used to connect the distributed sliders into an integral lattice-type slider. The plane layout mode of the friction pendulum slider (movable slider 6) can be arranged in the most unfavorable direction of the seismic action according to the basic characteristics of the structure to achieve the optimal seismic isolation and reduction effect.

[0056] During the use process, the upper bearing plate 3 of the isolator is tightly connected to the mounting plate of the upper electrical structure 1 by bolts through bolt connection holes 2. The sliding friction pendulum adopts a distributed design, and a horizontal beam is used to connect the movable sliders 6 into an integral lattice-type slider. At the same time, within the vertical plane where each distributed slider is located, the upper and lower bearing plates of the sliding friction pendulum are connected by springs through ear plates. In order to be more reasonably connected to the bottom concrete structure, the bottom bearing plate 8 of the isolator can also be split into multiple parts (the bearing plate 8 of the isolator is composed of a plurality of identical isolator plates spliced together). During the installation process, they should be at the same horizontal elevation, and the number of springs 5 can be adjusted according to different types of electrical equipment.

[0057] The present invention realizes the combination of a distributed sliding friction pendulum and springs 5, which can not only meet the seismic isolation and reduction requirements of multi-dimensional earthquakes input from the ground, but also solve the rotational effect of strut-type equipment under seismic action, thereby reducing the displacement response of the equipment at the top of the structure, and further meeting the normal use spacing requirements of electrical equipment.

[0058] The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. Any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum, characterized in that, It includes a distributed friction pendulum isolator, an upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator, side plates of the isolator, springs (5), and a base plate (8) of the isolator; A plurality of the side plates of the isolator are symmetrically arranged above the base plate (8) of the isolator, and the upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator is arranged above the side plates of the isolator; The side plates of the isolator are connected to the upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator through a plurality of springs (5), and the distributed friction pendulum isolator is arranged between the upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator and the side plates of the isolator; The distributed friction pendulum isolator includes a plurality of movable sliders (6) and a connecting shaft, and the movable sliders (6) are arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft; The side plates of the isolator are symmetrically arranged along the edge of the base plate (8) of the isolator, and the positions of the movable sliders (6) correspond to the positions of the side plates of the isolator one by one; The side surface of the movable slider (6) is spherical and both ends are flat; The radian of the contact surface between the side surface of the movable slider (6) and the side plates of the isolator and the upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator fits; 2. The seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum according to claim 1, wherein The side plates of the isolator include a lower bearing plate (4) of the isolator and a bottom support (7) of the sliding friction pendulum. The lower bearing plate (4) of the isolator is perpendicular to the bottom support (7) of the sliding friction pendulum; a second ear plate is arranged at the corner of the lower bearing plate (4) of the isolator and the bottom support (7) of the sliding friction pendulum.

3. The seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum according to claim 2, characterized in that, A through hole for connecting with the upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator is opened on the lower bearing plate (4) of the isolator.

4. The seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum according to claim 1, wherein, The upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator includes a platform of the upper bearing plate of the isolator and a connecting block of the upper bearing plate of the isolator; The connecting block of the upper bearing plate of the isolator is arranged below the platform of the upper bearing plate of the isolator; A first ear plate for connecting with the side plates of the isolator is arranged on the connecting block of the upper bearing plate of the isolator.

5. The seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positions of the connecting blocks of the upper bearing plate of the isolator in the upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator correspond to the positions of the bottom supports (7) of the sliding friction pendulum in the side plates of the isolator one by one.

6. The seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum according to claim 1, wherein, Bolt connection holes (2) are opened on the upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator, and the bolt connection holes (2) are used to fix the upper electrical structure (1).

7. The seismic isolation bearing based on a distributed friction pendulum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting shaft is parallel to the upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator and the base plate (8) of the isolator, and the central axis of the connecting shaft is the same as the central axes of the upper bearing plate (3) of the isolator and the base plate (8) of the isolator.

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