Natural magnetic suspension compressor

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of rotary precision machinery, in particular to a natural magnetic suspension compressor which comprises a pump body, two stator driving controllers arranged on the upper and lower sides of the pump body, a volute fixedly connected in the pump body and an impeller arranged in the volute. The stator driving controller comprises a stator and three-phase windings arranged on the stator. The impeller comprises magnetic steel and vortex blades connected to the magnetic steel. The three-phase windings form 12 magnetic poles, the three-phase windings are connected in series and parallel with each other, and the two three-phase windings arranged on the upper two sides are connected in mirror image parallel. The magnetic steel is a 10-pole permanent magnet rotor body. The volute is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. The natural electromagnetic magnetic suspension can be used to realize electromagnetic support of the lossless high-speed impeller. When the impeller rotates at high speed, the current in the motor stator winding and the impeller interact to generate effective radial electromagnetic magnetic suspension and axial electromagnetic magnetic suspension.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rotary precision machinery technology, and more specifically to a natural magnetic levitation compressor.

[0002] There are generally two main types of compressors: reciprocating and centrifugal, both with extremely wide applications. This invention relates to centrifugal compressors. Compressors are used to increase the pressure difference between the gas or liquid at their input and output ports. Centrifugal compressors have rotors that rotate continuously at high speeds, resulting in a large flow cross-sectional area and high impeller speed, thus allowing for a large gas or liquid flow rate. The high-speed rotation of the centrifugal compressor rotor causes periodic changes in its inertial mass (e.g., in scroll pump compressors), leading to significant vibration and noise. Consequently, the bearings of centrifugal compressors experience greater impact vibration. The output power and efficiency of a compressor are directly proportional to its rotational speed. Higher rotational speeds necessitate larger clearances between the rotor and stator components, which in turn reduces efficiency. Therefore, centrifugal compressors typically operate at speeds of 3000 to 5000 r / min, with slightly lower efficiency than reciprocating compressors. In practical applications, the bearings of centrifugal compressors often become a bottleneck affecting their ability to increase rotational speed, expand power capacity, improve efficiency, and extend lifespan. Therefore, the single-stage pressure ratio of centrifugal compressors cannot be made very high; high-power centrifugal compressors can only increase the pressure ratio and expand power capacity by using multi-stage impellers. Multistage impellers are difficult to use in small air conditioning systems in civil and industrial applications because their structure is too complex and their cost is too high.

[0003] Centrifugal compressors (water pumps or air pumps) typically have their input and output interfaces arranged orthogonally, and the fluid flows in a vortex within the vortex cavity, generating high pressure in the liquid or gas. For centrifugal compressor motors with power ranging from 2W to 20kW, solving the challenges of high speed, high efficiency, low noise, and impeller rotation (10,000 to 20,000 r / min) while achieving low-cost magnetic levitation can be considered a world-class challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a natural magnetic levitation compressor that can achieve electromagnetic support for a high-speed impeller without damage by utilizing natural electromagnetic levitation. While the impeller is rotating at high speed, it interacts with the current in the stator winding of the motor to generate effective radial and axial electromagnetic levitation.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A natural magnetic levitation compressor includes a pump body, with stator drive controllers provided on both the upper and lower sides of the pump body, a volute fixedly connected to the pump body, and an impeller provided inside the volute.

[0007] The stator drive controller includes a stator and three-phase windings disposed on the stator;

[0008] The impeller includes a magnet and a vortex blade connected to the magnet;

[0009] The three-phase windings form 12 magnetic poles. The three-phase windings are connected in series and parallel to each other, and the two three-phase windings located on the upper and lower sides are connected in parallel in a mirror image.

[0010] The magnet is a 10-pole permanent magnet rotor.

[0011] The volute is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet;

[0012] The bottom of the volute is arc-shaped, and a pressure equalization layer is provided inside the volute. Multiple overflow holes are evenly provided on the side of the pressure equalization layer, and all of the multiple overflow holes are connected to the fluid outlet.

[0013] The three-phase windings form 6 magnetic poles, and the three-phase windings are connected in series and parallel to each other. The two three-phase windings located on the upper sides are connected in parallel in a mirror image.

[0014] The magnet is a 4-pole permanent magnet rotor;

[0015] The vortex blades are evenly distributed on the upper and lower sides of the magnet.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] Radial active natural magnetic levitation technology, axial active natural magnetic levitation technology, radial passive magnetic levitation technology, radial and axial liquid suspension technology, or gas suspension technology. Complete natural levitation technology, combined with excellent synchronous motor drive functionality. The magnetic levitation compressor device of this invention has high structural space utilization and a small axial dimension, which is conducive to forming a flat overall structure, and the flat compressor device is more suitable for use in working scenarios. The magnetic levitation compressor device of this invention includes drive and computer control circuits, has a compact and simple structure, and features high reliability, high control performance, and intelligent diagnostic functions;

[0018] Traditional centrifugal compressors generate significant frictional losses and noise during high-speed impeller rotation. They also suffer from inherent bearing friction losses and dynamic imbalances caused by uneven loading of the piston or impeller. These issues lead to inherent vibrations, noise, and additional losses, severely impacting the service life of compressors, water pumps, and air pumps. The natural suspension technology of this invention makes it possible to increase the pump's power density by increasing the impeller speed, greatly simplifying the pump's structure, reducing production costs, minimizing vibration, noise, and additional losses, and improving overall performance.

[0019] Compared with traditional compressors, this invention can increase the rotation speed by 3 times, thereby increasing power by 3 times and reducing size and cost by 3 times;

[0020] This invention requires no additional sensors or controllers, and naturally incorporates: radial active natural magnetic levitation technology, axial active natural magnetic levitation technology, radial passive magnetic levitation technology, axial passive magnetic levitation technology, and radial and axial liquid or gas suspension technology. It possesses the most complete vortex levitation function, combined with excellent sensorless motor drive control. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the natural magnetic levitation compressor structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the volute structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic steel structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-phase winding connection of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-phase winding connection structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is the equivalent circuit diagram of the three-phase winding of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-phase winding connection of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-phase winding connection of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic steel structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the three-phase winding connection of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the pump body structure of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Pump body; 2. Stator drive controller; 21. Stator; 22. Three-phase winding; 23. Insulating slot wedge; 3. Impeller; 31. Fluid inlet; 32. Pressure equalization layer; 33. Overflow hole; 34. Fluid outlet; 35. Magnet; 36. Vortex; 4. Volute. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below;

[0040] A magnetic levitation compressor device includes a pump body 1 and a stator drive controller 2 disposed on the upper and lower sides inside the pump body 1. The pump body 1 is an independent component. A volute 4 is fixedly connected inside the pump body 1. An impeller 3 is disposed inside the volute 4. A fluid inlet 31 and a fluid outlet 34 are disposed on the volute 4. A pressure equalization layer 32 is disposed inside the volute 4. A plurality of overflow holes 33 are evenly disposed on the side of the pressure equalization layer 32. The plurality of overflow holes 33 are all connected to the fluid outlet 34. The stator drive controller 2 includes a stator 21 and a three-phase winding 22 disposed on the stator 21. The impeller 3 includes a magnet 35 and a vortex blade 36 connected to the magnet 35.

[0041] The bottom of the volute 4 is convex arc-shaped, which can be easily embedded into the concave arc-shaped circular groove on the upper part of the displacement lower stator drive controller 2, and also provides a balance cavity for the upper and lower impellers 3.

[0042] Both the pump body 1 and the two stator drive controllers 2 are equipped with a rotary locking structure, which is used to connect the two stator drive controllers 2 and the pump body 1 by rotation, and can also be rotated in the opposite direction to separate the two stator drive controllers 2 and the pump body 1.

[0043] The three-phase windings 22 form 12 magnetic poles, and are connected in series and parallel to each other. The two three-phase windings 22 located on the upper sides are connected in parallel as a mirror image. The magnet 35 is a 2P=10 pole permanent magnet rotor body, located between the stator drive controllers 2 on the upper and lower sides. Figure 5 As shown, the three-phase winding 22 forms 12 magnetic poles that are evenly distributed, and the 10-pole permanent magnet rotor body is evenly distributed. Moreover, the diameters of the evenly distributed circumferences coincide. The stator 21 and the impeller 3 are radially passively magnetically levitated, which means that the stator 21 and the impeller 3 have the ability to maintain concentricity.

[0044] The windings on the Z=12 magnetic poles of the stator 21 located on the upper side are connected in series and parallel with the permanent magnet rotor to form a radial active natural magnetic levitation function. The windings on the 12 magnetic poles of the stator 21 located on the lower side are connected in series and parallel with the magnet 35 to form a radial active natural magnetic levitation function.

[0045] That is, the windings on each of the Z=12 magnetic poles of the stator 21 located on the upper side and the stator 21 located on the lower side, together with the magnet 35, form a radial active natural magnetic levitation function through their respective series and parallel connections.

[0046] Then, the two three-phase windings of the upper stator 21 and the lower stator 21 and their midpoints are connected in parallel in a mirror image, which constitutes the axial active natural magnetic levitation of the double stator 21 single impeller 3.

[0047] The upper stator 21 and the lower stator 21 together drive the 2P=10 pole permanent magnet rotor body contained in the pump body 1 to rotate. This structure has high space utilization and small axial dimension, which is conducive to forming a flat overall structure. The flat magnetic levitation compressor device is beneficial for users to use in more scenarios.

[0048] After the pump body 1 and stator drive controller 2 are embedded and locked, the stators 21 located on the upper and lower sides of the stator drive controller 2 drive the impeller 3 to rotate. However, both the upper and lower stators 21 exert an axial attraction on the magnet 35. The attraction is equal on both sides only when the magnet 35 is axially centered on the stators 21 on both sides. If there is any deviation in the air gap between the upper and lower sides, the permanent magnet rotor will be attracted to the side with the smaller air gap. Therefore, in the static and initial states, the permanent magnet rotor will be randomly attracted to the side with the smaller air gap. The axial direction of the permanent magnet rotor is unstable, and an active axial magnetic levitation is required to suspend the permanent magnet rotor in the axial direction. This invention connects the three-phase windings formed by the upper stator core and the three-phase windings formed by the lower stator core in parallel as a mirror image. On the side with the smaller air gap, the back electromotive force (EMF) of the three-phase winding increases, and the three-phase current decreases. Conversely, on the side with the larger air gap, the back EMF of the three-phase winding decreases, and the three-phase current increases. Consequently, the axial tension on the side with the larger air gap increases, and the axial tension on the side with the smaller air gap decreases. This inevitably causes the axial air gap to shift in the direction of decreasing deviation, thus stabilizing the air gap deviation. Therefore, after the motor starts rotating, this invention possesses a natural axial magnetic levitation function.

[0049] The fluid (or gas) flows into the volute 4 and the inlet pipe (i.e., fluid inlet 31) located at the center of the rotating shaft in the pump body 1. Under the action of the rotating impeller 3, the fluid is accelerated along the tangential direction of the side wall of the volute 4 and flows out through the fluid outlet 34 located on the side wall of the volute 4.

[0050] The mechanical shape, spatial layout, number, deflection angle, and opening size of the overflow orifice 33 have been optimized and simulated. The overflow orifice 33 may increase resistance to liquid flow; optimization and simulation design can reduce this resistance to a negligible degree.

[0051] Because the present invention adopts an open vortex structure, once the vortex rotates 36, the fluid (or gas) will simultaneously generate an upward axial thrust component, which plays the role of axial suspension and radial inertial stable suspension. Among them, the axial suspension force can overcome most of the gravity, making the energy requirement of axial active natural magnetic suspension very small, and almost no energy consumption is required.

[0052] The stator drive controller 2 integrates drive and control circuits, featuring a compact and simple structure with high reliability, high control performance, and intelligent diagnostics. It requires only three external connections (e.g., power+, power ground, USB), ensuring high reliability. The flat magnetic levitation compressor unit can operate independently or connect to an external system control system via a three-wire interface. It can read parameters such as voltage, current, rotor speed, pressure, and flow rate through the USB serial port interface for use by the intelligent control system. It can actively monitor the motor's speed and current in real time, estimating the compressor's inlet and outlet flow rates and pressures based on speed and current. It can also estimate changes in the compressor motor's power, torque, and vibration performance based on instantaneous changes in speed and current. By actively monitoring and adjusting the motor's voltage, current, speed, and torque in real time, it ensures the efficient and safe operation of the magnetic levitation compressor unit.

[0053] The embedded circular multipole magnet 35, used for transmitting torque, is enclosed in the vortex blade 36 to prevent the permanent magnet from being corroded by the liquid or gas in the compressor. The magnet 35 can be made of sintered NdFeB, bonded NdFeB material, or other high energy product permanent magnets. No back iron is required, therefore the weight of the rotating body is very small.

[0054] The drive motor in the stator drive controller 2 is a double-stator core axial magnetic circuit motor. This motor is a fractional-slot concentrated winding motor, for example, a 2P=10 pole Z=12 slot motor, which has low positioning torque and high efficiency, power density, and reliability. Both the upper and lower stators 21 use circular magnetic poles and are wound from high-silicon steel sheets. The three-phase windings 22 are directly wound on the Z=12 magnetic poles. The upper and lower stators 21, together with the 2P=10 pole permanent magnet rotor in the impeller 3 located in the pump body 1 between the double stators 21, constitute a double-stator core axial magnetic circuit motor.

[0055] The polar arc of the Z=12 polar stator is (0.9~0.75)τ. d / Z = (0.9~0.75)360 / 12; the pole arc of a 2P=10 pole rotor is (1.0~0.85)τ r / 2P = (1.0~0.85)360 / 10;

[0056] The 12 magnetic poles of the upper and lower stators 21 and the 10-pole permanent magnet rotor are all circumferentially distributed and have the same diameter. Therefore, the magnetic core poles of the upper and lower stators 21, being magnetically conductive, are inevitably attracted to the permanent magnet rotor. Since both are circumferentially distributed and have the same diameter, they form a radial passive magnetic levitation that allows them to attract each other. This means that the stators 21 and rotor possess the ability to maintain concentricity. Furthermore, because the diameter DR of the permanent magnet rotor poles is slightly larger than the diameter DS of the stator poles, this radial passive magnetic levitation is radially stable. The winding coefficient of this 2P=10-pole Z=12-slot motor is as high as kw1=0.933.

[0057] The windings on the 12 magnetic poles of the upper stator 21 are connected in series and parallel with the permanent magnet rotor to form a radial active natural magnetic levitation function. The windings on the Z=12 magnetic poles of the lower stator 21 are connected in series and parallel with the permanent magnet rotor to form a radial active natural magnetic levitation function. The impeller 3 constitutes the rotor.

[0058] The specific series-parallel connection methods are shown in Figures 7 to 11: The two adjacent windings U1 and U2 of the U phase are connected in series. The windings on each of the Z=12 magnetic poles of the upper stator 21 and the lower stator 21 are connected in series and parallel to form an axial active natural magnetic levitation function with the permanent magnet rotor body. The adjacent windings U1 and U2 of the U phase are connected in series to form one branch of the U phase winding, and its tail end is connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. The adjacent windings U3 and U4 of the U phase winding are connected in series at 180° to form another branch of the U phase winding, and its tail end is also connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. Then the two series branches of the U phase winding are connected in parallel. These two branches are 180° apart. When the radial air gap is uniform, the current in these two branches is the same. When the radial air gap deviates, the back EMF of the branch with the smaller air gap increases, and the back EMF of the branch with the larger air gap decreases. As a result, the current in the branch with the smaller air gap decreases, while the current in the branch with the larger air gap increases. This leads to a decrease in electromagnetic pull on the branch with the smaller current and an increase in electromagnetic pull on the branch with the larger current. This causes the rotor to move radially in the direction of restoring uniform air gap, achieving natural radial electromagnetic levitation. As shown in the figure, the two adjacent windings V1 and V2 of the V phase of this motor are connected in series to form one branch of the V phase winding, with its tail end connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. The two adjacent windings V3 and V4 of the V phase winding are connected in series to form another branch of the V phase winding, with its tail end also connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. Then, the two series branches of the V phase winding are connected in parallel. The two branches are 180° apart. When the radial air gap is uniform, the current in these two branches is the same. When the radial air gap deviates, the back EMF of the branch with the smaller air gap increases, and the back EMF of the branch with the larger air gap decreases. As a result, the current in the branch with the smaller air gap decreases, while the current in the branch with the larger air gap increases. This leads to a decrease in electromagnetic pull on the branch with the smaller current and an increase in electromagnetic pull on the branch with the larger current. This causes the rotor to move radially in the direction of restoring uniform air gap, achieving natural radial electromagnetic levitation. The two adjacent windings W1 and W2 of the W phase of this motor are connected in series to form one branch of the W phase winding, with its tail end connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. The two adjacent windings W3 and W4 of the W phase winding are connected in series at 180° to form another branch of the W phase winding, with its tail end also connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. Then, the two series branches of the W phase winding are connected in parallel. The two branches are 180° apart. When the radial air gap is uniform, the current in these two branches is the same. When the radial air gap deviates, the back electromotive force (EMF) increases on the side with the smaller air gap and decreases on the side with the larger air gap. As a result, the current in the branch with the smaller air gap decreases, while the current in the branch with the larger air gap increases. This leads to a decrease in electromagnetic pull on the side with the smaller current and an increase in electromagnetic pull on the side with the larger current. Consequently, the rotor is prompted to move radially in the direction of restoring uniform air gap, achieving natural radial electromagnetic levitation.The three-phase winding has six series branches, which are connected in parallel in pairs to form a special three-phase winding. When the motor rotates, this three-phase winding can actively, naturally, and uniformly restore or stabilize the rotor in the center position from 12 evenly distributed radial positions (Z=12). This is called "radial natural electromagnetic levitation". Since the upper and lower stators 21 use the same rotor, the three-phase windings 22 in the upper and lower stators 21 are mirror windings, as shown. Figure 7 and 8 As shown.

[0059] The windings on the Z=12 magnetic poles of the upper stator 21, through series and parallel connections, form an axial active natural magnetic levitation function with the permanent magnet rotor. Similarly, the windings on the Z=12 magnetic poles of the lower stator 21, through series and parallel connections, also form an axial active natural magnetic levitation function with the permanent magnet rotor. The specific series and parallel connection methods are as follows... Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown;

[0060] U1 of the phase winding forms one branch of the U-phase winding, with its tail end connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. U3, 180° adjacent to the U-phase winding, forms another branch of the U-phase winding, also with its tail end connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. U2 and U4 are not used. Then, the two series branches of the U-phase winding are connected in parallel. The spatial positions of these two branches differ by 180°. When the air gap is uniform, the current in these two branches is the same. When the air gap deviates, the back EMF of the side with the smaller air gap increases, and the back EMF of the side with the larger air gap decreases. As a result, the current in the branch with the smaller air gap decreases, while the current in the branch with the larger air gap increases. This leads to a decrease in electromagnetic pull on the side with the smaller current and an increase in electromagnetic pull on the side with the larger current. This causes the rotor to move radially in the direction of restoring uniform air gap, achieving a natural electromagnetic levitation effect. In this motor, V1 of the V-phase forms one branch of the V-phase winding, with its tail end connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. V3, 180° from the V-phase winding, forms another branch of the V-phase winding, also with its tail end connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. V2 and V4 are not used. Then, the two series branches of the V-phase winding are connected in parallel. The spatial positions of these two branches differ by 180°. When the air gap is uniform, the current in these two branches is the same. When the air gap deviates, the back EMF of the side with the smaller air gap increases, and the back EMF of the side with the larger air gap decreases. As a result, the current in the branch with the smaller air gap decreases, while the current in the branch with the larger air gap increases. This leads to a decrease in electromagnetic pull on the side with the smaller current and an increase in electromagnetic pull on the side with the larger current. This causes the rotor to move radially in the direction of restoring uniform air gap, achieving a natural electromagnetic levitation effect. Similarly, as shown in the diagram, the W1 winding of the W phase of this motor forms one branch of the W phase winding, with its tail end connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding; W3, 180° from the W phase winding, forms another branch of the W phase winding, also with its tail end connected to the midpoint of the three-phase winding. W2 and W4 are not used. Then, the two series branches of the W phase winding are connected in parallel. The spatial positions of these two branches differ by 180°. When the air gap is uniform, the current in these two branches is the same. When the air gap deviates, the back EMF of the side with the smaller air gap increases, and the back EMF of the side with the larger air gap decreases. As a result, the current in the branch with the smaller air gap decreases, while the current in the branch with the larger air gap increases. This leads to a decrease in electromagnetic pull on the side with the smaller current and an increase in electromagnetic pull on the side with the larger current. This causes the rotor to move radially in the direction of restoring uniform air gap, achieving a natural electromagnetic levitation effect. The three-phase winding has six series branches, forming a special three-phase winding. This winding can actively, naturally, and uniformly restore or stabilize the rotor in the center position from 12 evenly distributed radial positions (Z=12). This is called "radial natural electromagnetic levitation." In this scheme, only two magnetic poles are used per phase, resulting in relatively poor space utilization. However, as long as the total number of turns per phase remains constant, the torque generated by the motor and the natural electromagnetic levitation force actually increase slightly. The disadvantage is that the slot fill factor of the motor is relatively high, leading to relatively poor space utilization.This 2P=10-pole Z=12-slot motor uses a single-layer winding with a winding coefficient as high as kw1=0.966. The restoring force of radial natural electromagnetic levitation depends on the current deviation of the two parallel circuits caused by the eccentricity of the motor stator and rotor, and the deviation of the two back EMFs caused by the eccentricity of the motor stator and rotor, satisfying: i1-i2=(e1-e2) / R, where R is the winding resistance.

[0061] like Figures 12 to 14 As shown, the second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below;

[0062] The three-phase windings 22 form 6 magnetic poles, and the three-phase windings 22 are connected in series and parallel to each other. The two three-phase windings 22 located on the upper two sides are connected in parallel in a mirror image. The magnet 35 is a 4-pole permanent magnet rotor.

[0063] The drive motor in the stator drive controller 2 is a double-stator iron core axial magnetic circuit motor. This motor is a fractional-slot concentrated winding motor with 2P=4 poles and Z=6 slots. The pump body 1 contains a cavity motor with a sector-shaped 2P=4 pole permanent magnet rotor. The stator drive controller 2 located on the upper and lower sides of the pump body 1 contains stators 21 located on the upper and lower sides respectively. The stators 21 adopt a sector shape with Z=6 poles, that is, an upper stator 21 and a lower stator 21; the impeller 3 constitutes the rotor.

[0064] The upper stator 21 and lower stator 21, along with the 2P=4 pole permanent magnet rotor body contained within the pump body 1, are all circumferentially distributed, with the inner and outer diameters of the distribution circle being the same and their centers coinciding. This constitutes radial passive magnetic levitation between the stator 21 and the rotor. In other words, the stator 21 and the rotor possess the ability to maintain concentricity.

[0065] The polar arc of the Z=6 pole stator is (0.9~0.75)τ. d / Z = (0.9~0.75)360 / 12; the pole arc of a 2P=4 pole rotor is (1.0~0.85)τ r / 2P = (1.0~0.85)360 / 10;

[0066] The series and parallel connection methods of the three-phase winding 22 are as follows: Figure 14 As shown; the material of stator 21 is: a core formed by winding high silicon steel sheets, ferrite or SMC composite soft magnetic material;

[0067] The stator drive controller 2 located on the lower side also contains drive and control circuits and a control interface. The winding currents of the two torque motors are the same, and they share a rotor to generate tangential torque. This invention has two main channels, one upper and one lower, and only two main channels with almost the same flow velocity and direction, which are symmetrical. Therefore, the high-speed rotation of the impeller 3 of this invention generates two symmetrical liquid (or gas) flows, one upper and one lower, and at the same time generates symmetrical but opposite axial suspension forces, which can make the impeller axially suspend the fluid. The pump body 1 of this invention adopts a double-layer structure. The inner layer is circular and is a pressure equalization layer 32. The pressure equalization layer 32 is evenly distributed with overflow holes 33 along the circumference. Under the action of centrifugal force, the fluid first reaches the inner wall. Since the inner wall is circular, the centrifugal force on the inner wall is uniform along the circumference, and the fluid flows out uniformly from the overflow holes 33 evenly distributed along the circumference. After the outflowing liquid or gas reaches the outer layer of the volute, the outer volute 4 is in the shape of a traditional vortex so that the fluid flows out from the fluid outlet 34.

[0068] like Figure 15 As shown, due to the double-layer structure of the pump body 1, the pressure equalization layer 32 ensures that the centrifugal force is uniformly applied along the circumference. Therefore, the high-speed rotation of the vortex blades simultaneously generates radial fluid levitation force. It should be noted that traditional centrifugal compressors do not have a pressure equalization layer. The high-speed rotation of the vortex blades simultaneously generates uneven radial liquid or gas eccentric force, causing the vortex blades to deviate towards the outlet pipe. Therefore, additional magnetic levitation force is required to restore the eccentricity, resulting in a certain power loss.

Claims

1. A natural magnetic levitation compressor, comprising a pump body (1), characterized in that: The pump body (1) is equipped with stator drive controllers (2) on both the upper and lower sides. A volute (4) is fixedly connected inside the pump body (1), and an impeller (3) is installed inside the volute (4). The stator drive controller (2) includes a stator (21) and a three-phase winding (22) disposed on the stator (21); The impeller (3) includes a magnet (35) and a vortex blade (36) connected to the magnet (35). The three-phase windings (22) form 12 magnetic poles. The three-phase windings (22) are connected in series and parallel to each other. The two three-phase windings (22) located on the upper and lower sides are connected in parallel in mirror image. The magnet (35) is a 10-pole permanent magnet rotor; The volute (4) is provided with a fluid inlet (31) and a fluid outlet (34). The bottom of the volute (4) is arc-shaped, and a pressure equalization layer (32) is provided inside the volute (4). Multiple overflow holes (33) are uniformly provided on the side of the pressure equalization layer (32), and the multiple overflow holes (33) are all connected to the fluid outlet (34).

2. A natural magnetic levitation compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex blades (36) are evenly distributed on the upper and lower sides of the magnet (35).

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