A planetary reducer with adjustable transmission ratio

Abstract

This invention relates to a planetary reducer with adjustable transmission ratio, comprising a planetary reducer module, a bevel gear reversing module, and a gear speed regulating module. The planetary reducer module includes a cage, a sun gear shaft, and an external gear ring. The bevel gear reversing module includes a first bevel gear shaft, a second bevel gear cage, a third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear, and a fifth bevel gear. The gear speed regulating module includes one or more pairs of gears. The first bevel gear shaft sequentially transmits power to the second bevel gear, the second bevel gear cage, and the cage, and also sequentially transmits power to the third bevel gear shaft and the gear speed regulating module. The gear speed regulating module changes the transmission ratio through gear transmission, transmitting power to the fifth bevel gear, which drives the sun gear shaft to rotate. The planetary reducer's transmission ratio is adjustable, allowing users to select different transmission ratio speed regulating modules according to their needs, making it widely applicable. Both the sun gear and the cage are driving gears, and the speed of the control center gear is continuously adjusted to obtain a stable output speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of speed reducer technology, specifically relating to a planetary speed reducer with adjustable transmission ratio. Background Technology

[0002] Planetary gear reducers are a widely used industrial product that can reduce the speed of a motor while increasing its output torque. They are characterized by their light weight, small size, wide transmission ratio range, high efficiency, smooth operation, low noise, and strong adaptability, making them suitable as complementary components in industries such as lifting, excavation, transportation, and construction.

[0003] However, most planetary gear reducers currently in use are fixed-ratio reducers. To obtain the required output speed, it is necessary to replace the reducer with one of different ratios, involving repeated disassembly and replacement, which is a very cumbersome process. Existing adjustable-ratio reducers include gear transmissions and continuously variable transmissions (CVTs), but these are relatively expensive and not cost-effective in some applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a planetary reducer with an adjustable transmission ratio to solve the problem that the transmission ratio of existing planetary reducers is not adjustable.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A planetary reducer with adjustable transmission ratio includes a planetary reducer module, a bevel gear reversing module, and a gear speed regulating module fixed on one side of the bevel gear reversing module.

[0007] The planetary reducer module includes a cage, a sun gear shaft 25, and an external gear ring 7 connected to the output shaft; the cage is equipped with planet gear shafts 6, and both the sun gear shaft 25 and the cage are driving components that jointly control the rotational speed of the external gear ring 7;

[0008] The bevel gear reversing module includes a first bevel gear shaft, a second bevel gear cage, a third bevel gear 12, a fourth bevel gear 21 that mesh with each other, and a fifth bevel gear 20 mounted on the sun gear shaft 25; the first bevel gear 24 meshes with the second bevel gear 1, and the third bevel gear 12 meshes with the second bevel gear 1;

[0009] The gear speed control module includes one or more pairs of gears that mesh with each other to form a defined transmission ratio. By replacing the gear speed control module with different transmission ratios, the power output of the external gear ring 7 with different transmission ratios can be obtained.

[0010] The first bevel gear shaft is the power input shaft, which transmits power to the second bevel gear 1. The second bevel gear 1 transmits power to the second bevel gear cage through a spline. The second bevel gear cage is connected to the cage through a spline, transmitting power to the cage and driving the cage and planetary gear shaft 6 to rotate. The second bevel gear 1 also transmits power to the third bevel gear shaft. The third bevel gear shaft transmits power to the gear speed control module through a hexagonal protrusion. The gear speed control module changes the transmission ratio through gear transmission and transmits power to the fifth bevel gear 20, driving the sun gear shaft 25 to rotate.

[0011] Furthermore, the cage has a split structure, consisting of an upper part 3 connected to a connecting flange 9. Three planetary gear shafts 6 and planetary gears 8 are provided between the upper part 3 of the cage and the connecting flange 9. The three planetary gear shafts 6 are connected to the cage by bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, two No. 1 bearings 5 ​​are provided between the upper part 3 of the cage, the connecting flange 9 and the outer gear ring 7. The two No. 1 bearings 5 ​​connect the outer gear ring 7 and the cage, allowing them to have different rotational speeds.

[0013] Furthermore, two sliding bearings 4 are provided on both sides of the gear of the sun gear shaft 25, which are respectively connected to the upper part of the cage 3 and the connecting flange 9, so that the gear shaft can rotate.

[0014] Furthermore, the first bevel gear shaft meshes with the second bevel gear cage, the second bevel gear cage meshes with the third bevel gear 12, and the fourth bevel gear 21 meshes with the fifth bevel gear 20.

[0015] Furthermore, a second bearing 27 is provided between the connecting flange 9 and the bevel gear reversing module housing 18. During operation, the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 is stationary, and the connecting flange 9 drives the cage to rotate. The second bearing 27 is used to support and enable the cage to rotate.

[0016] Furthermore, the first bevel gear 24 is connected to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 via an angular contact ball bearing I 23, and the left end cover 26 of the bevel gear reversing module is fixed to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 by bolts.

[0017] Furthermore, the No. 3 bevel gear 12 and the No. 4 bevel gear 21 are connected to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 by angular contact ball bearing III 30, and the right end cover 17 of the bevel gear reversing module is fixed to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 by bolts.

[0018] Furthermore, the shaft ends of the third bevel gear 12 and the fourth bevel gear 21 are both hexagonal protrusions, which are connected to the hexagonal concave holes at the gear shaft ends of the gear speed regulating module to transmit power.

[0019] Furthermore, the gear speed control module is fixed on one side of the third bevel gear 12 and the fourth bevel gear 21 of the bevel gear reversing module, positioned by protrusions and grooves, and fixed together by bolts. The input shaft and output shaft of the gear speed control module are connected to the shaft of the third bevel gear and the shaft of the fourth bevel gear respectively through hexagonal holes.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The planetary reducer of this invention has an adjustable transmission ratio, and users can select different speed adjustment modules according to their needs, making it widely applicable. The sun gear and cage of the planetary reducer with adjustable transmission ratio of this invention are both driving gears, and the rotational speed of the control center gear is continuously adjusted, so that a stable output speed can be obtained overall. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a simplified diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a planetary reducer with adjustable transmission ratio according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a transmission relationship diagram of a planetary reducer with adjustable transmission ratio according to the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Bevel gear #2; 2. Output shaft; 3. Upper part of cage; 4. Sliding bearing; 5. Bearing #1; 6. Planetary gear shaft; 7. External gear ring; 8. Planetary gear; 9. Connecting flange; 10. Lower end cover of gear reversing module; 11. Speed ​​regulating gear I; 12. Bevel gear #3; 13. End cover of speed regulating module; 14. Speed ​​regulating module housing; 15. Speed ​​regulating gear II; 16. Bearing #5; 17. Right end cover of bevel gear reversing module; 18. Bevel gear reversing module housing; 19. Bearing #6; 20. Bevel gear #5; 21. Bevel gear #4; 22. Shim I; 23. Angular contact ball bearing I; 24. Bevel gear #1; 25. Sun gear shaft; 26. Left end cover of bevel gear reversing module; 27. Bearing #2; 28. Shim II; 29. ​​Angular contact ball bearing II; 30. Angular contact ball bearing III. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments:

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] The present invention relates to a planetary reducer with adjustable transmission ratio, comprising a planetary reducer module, a bevel gear reversing module, and a gear speed regulating module.

[0032] The planetary reducer module includes a cage, a sun gear shaft 25, and an external gear ring 7. The cage is the driving component, the sun gear is located on one side of the sun gear shaft 25 and serves as the speed regulating wheel, and the external gear ring 7 provides power output. The cage has a split structure, consisting of an upper cage part 3 and a connecting flange 9, which are bolted together. Three planetary gear shafts 6 and planetary gears 8 are located between the upper cage part 3 and the connecting flange 9. The three planetary gear shafts 6 are bolted to the cage, holding the planetary gear shafts 6 on the cage. Two bearings 5 ​​are located between the upper cage part 3, the connecting flange 9, and the external gear ring 7, connecting the external gear ring 7 to the cage and allowing them to rotate at different speeds. The external gear ring 7 is bolted to the output shaft 2.

[0033] Two sliding bearings 4 are provided on both sides of the gear of the sun gear shaft 25, which are respectively connected to the upper part of the cage 3 and the connecting flange 9, so that the gear shaft can rotate.

[0034] The bevel gear reversing module includes a first bevel gear shaft, a second bevel gear cage, a third bevel gear 12, a fourth bevel gear 21, and a fifth bevel gear 20. The first bevel gear shaft meshes with the second bevel gear cage, the second bevel gear cage meshes with the third bevel gear 12, and the fourth bevel gear 21 meshes with the fifth bevel gear 20. The second bevel gear cage transmits power to the cage of the planetary reducer module. The fifth bevel gear 20 is mounted on the sun gear shaft 25.

[0035] The cage is connected to the cage of the second bevel gear via a spline. Specifically, the connecting flange 9 of the cage is connected to the second bevel gear 1 via a spline, transmitting power from the second bevel gear 1 to the cage. A second bearing 27 is disposed between the connecting flange 9 and the bevel gear reversing module housing 18, and there is only one bearing. During operation, the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 is stationary, and the connecting flange 9 drives the cage to rotate. The second bearing 27 supports and enables the cage to rotate.

[0036] Bevel gear 24 meshes with bevel gear 1. Bevel gear 24 is connected to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 via angular contact ball bearing I 23. The left end cover 26 of the bevel gear reversing module is fixed to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 by bolts. A shim I 22 is provided between the left end cover 26 and the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 to adjust the clearance between bevel gear 24 and bevel gear 1. Bevel gear 12 meshes with bevel gear 1, and bevel gear 21 meshes with bevel gear 20. Bevel gear 12 and bevel gear 21 are connected to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 via angular contact ball bearing III 30. The right end cover 17 of the bevel gear reversing module is fixed to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 by bolts. A shim II 28 is provided between the right end cover 17 of the bevel gear reversing module and the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 to adjust the gap between the No. 3 bevel gear 12 and the No. 2 bevel gear 1, and between the No. 4 bevel gear 21 and the No. 5 bevel gear 20.

[0037] The shaft ends of the No. 3 bevel gear 12 and the No. 4 bevel gear 21 are both hexagonal protrusions, which connect with the hexagonal concave holes on the gear shaft ends of the gear speed regulating module to achieve the purpose of transmitting power.

[0038] The planetary reducer of this invention with adjustable transmission ratio is equipped with multiple gear speed control modules with different transmission ratios. The different transmission ratios are specifically set as follows: the transmission ratios of the gears in different speed control modules are different, but the center distance is the same. The transmission ratio of one gear speed control module is fixed, but multiple gear speed control modules are equipped with different transmission ratios.

[0039] The gear speed control module includes one or more pairs of gears that mesh with each other to form a defined transmission ratio. Alternatively, the gear speed control module can use an electric motor to control the speed of the fourth bevel gear 21 to continuously change.

[0040] The gear speed control module is fixed to one side of the bevel gear reversing module. Specifically, the gear speed control module is fixed to one side of the third bevel gear 12 and the fourth bevel gear 21 of the bevel gear reversing module, positioned by protrusions and grooves, and fixed together by bolts. The input shaft and output shaft of the gear speed control module are connected to the shafts of the third bevel gear and the fourth bevel gear, respectively, through hexagonal holes.

[0041] The speed control module housing 14 is fixed to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18. The speed control module housing 14 contains a gear, and the side of the gear closest to the bevel gear has a hexagonal groove for transmitting power. The speed control module end cover 13 is located on one side of the gear speed control module and is fixed to the speed control module housing 14 by bolts, serving to seal and position the gear.

[0042] In this invention, there are four bearings 16, number five, arranged in pairs, located inside the speed control module housing 14. The bearings in each gear speed control module can be different.

[0043] There is one No. 6 bearing 19. The inner ring mates with the sun gear shaft 25, and the outer ring is mounted on the lower end cover 10 of the gear reversing module to increase the radial load capacity of the slender shaft.

[0044] Working principle

[0045] The first bevel gear shaft serves as the power input shaft, transmitting power to the second bevel gear 1. The second bevel gear 1 then transmits power to the second bevel gear cage via splines, driving the planetary gear shaft 6 and the cage to rotate. Additionally, the second bevel gear 1 transmits power to the third bevel gear shaft, which in turn transmits power to the gear speed control module via hexagonal protrusions. This module, through gear transmission, changes the gear ratio and transmits power to the fifth bevel gear 20, thereby driving the sun gear shaft 25 to rotate. At this point, the sun gear shaft 25 and the cage are both driving components, jointly controlling the rotational speed of the external gear ring 7. By changing the gear speed control module with different gear ratios, different power output ratios for the external gear ring 7 can be obtained. Example

[0046] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a planetary reducer with adjustable transmission ratio includes a planetary reducer module, a bevel gear reversing module, and a gear speed regulating module.

[0047] The planetary reducer module includes a cage, a sun gear shaft 25, and an external gear ring 7. The cage consists of an upper cage portion 3 bolted to a connecting flange 9. Three planet gear shafts 6 and planet gears 8 are located between the upper cage portion 3 and the connecting flange 9. The three planet gear shafts 6 are bolted to the cage, holding the planet gears 6 on the cage. Two bearings 5 ​​are located between the upper cage portion 3, the connecting flange 9, and the external gear ring 7. These bearings connect the external gear ring 7 to the cage, and the external gear ring 7 is bolted to the output shaft 2. The sun gear is located on one side of the sun gear shaft 25. Two sliding bearings 4 are located on both sides of the gear on the sun gear shaft 25, respectively connected to the upper cage portion 3 and the connecting flange 9.

[0048] The bevel gear reversing module includes a first bevel gear shaft, a second bevel gear cage, a third bevel gear 12, a fourth bevel gear 21, and a fifth bevel gear 20. The first bevel gear shaft meshes with the second bevel gear cage, the second bevel gear cage meshes with the third bevel gear 12, and the fourth bevel gear 21 meshes with the fifth bevel gear 20. The second bevel gear cage transmits power to the cage of the planetary reducer module. The fifth bevel gear 20 is mounted on the sun gear shaft 25.

[0049] The connecting flange 9 is connected to the second bevel gear 1 via a spline, and the second bearing 27 is located between the connecting flange 9 and the bevel gear reversing module housing 18.

[0050] Bevel gear 24 meshes with bevel gear 1. Bevel gear 24 is connected to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 via angular contact ball bearing I 23. The left end cover 26 of the bevel gear reversing module is fixed to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 by bolts. A gasket I 22 is provided between the left end cover 26 and the bevel gear reversing module housing 18. Bevel gear 12 meshes with bevel gear 1, and bevel gear 21 meshes with bevel gear 20. Bevel gears 12 and 21 are connected to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 via angular contact ball bearing III 30. The right end cover 17 of the bevel gear reversing module is fixed to the bevel gear reversing module housing 18 by bolts. A gasket II 28 is provided between the right end cover 17 and the bevel gear reversing module housing 18.

[0051] The hexagonal protrusion at the shaft end of the No. 3 bevel gear 12 connects to the hexagonal concave hole at the shaft end of the speed regulating gear I 11 to achieve the purpose of transmitting power. The relationship between the No. 4 bevel gear 21 and the speed regulating gear II 15 is the same as above.

[0052] The gear speed control module includes a speed control gear I11 and a speed control gear II15 that mesh with each other, forming a defined transmission ratio.

[0053] The gear speed control module is fixed to one side of the third bevel gear 12 and the fourth bevel gear 21 of the bevel gear reversing module. It is positioned by protrusions and grooves and is fixed together by bolts. The input shaft and output shaft of the gear speed control module are connected to the shafts of the third bevel gear and the fourth bevel gear, respectively, through hexagonal holes.

[0054] The hexagonal protrusion at the end of the No. 3 bevel gear 12 connects to the hexagonal recess at the end of the speed regulating gear I 11 to achieve the purpose of power transmission. The hexagonal protrusion at the end of the No. 4 bevel gear 21 connects to the hexagonal recess at the end of the speed regulating gear II 15 to achieve the purpose of power transmission as well.

[0055] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A planetary speed reducer with adjustable transmission ratio, characterized in that: The gear speed regulating module comprises a pair of or more pairs of gears which are engaged with each other to form a certain transmission ratio, and different transmission ratios of the power output of the outer gear ring (7) can be obtained by replacing the gear speed regulating module with different transmission ratios. The planetary reducer module comprises a cage, a sun gear shaft (25) and an outer gear ring (7) connected with an output shaft; the cage is provided with a planetary gear shaft (6), the sun gear shaft (25) and the cage are both driving parts, and the rotation speed of the outer gear ring (7) is controlled by the two driving parts. The bevel gear reversing module comprises a first bevel gear shaft, a second bevel gear cage, a third bevel gear (12), a fourth bevel gear (21) and a fifth bevel gear (20) mounted on the sun gear shaft (25); the first bevel gear (24) is engaged with the second bevel gear (1), and the third bevel gear (12) is engaged with the second bevel gear (1). The gear speed regulating module comprises a pair of or more pairs of gears which are engaged with each other to form a certain transmission ratio, and different transmission ratios of the power output of the outer gear ring (7) can be obtained by replacing the gear speed regulating module with different transmission ratios. The first bevel gear shaft is a power input shaft, and the power is transmitted to the second bevel gear (1), the second bevel gear (1) transmits the power to the second bevel gear cage through a spline, the second bevel gear cage is connected with the cage through a spline, and the power is transmitted to the cage to drive the cage and the planetary gear shaft (6) to rotate; the second bevel gear (1) also transmits the power to the third bevel gear shaft, the third bevel gear shaft transmits the power to the gear speed regulating module through a hexagonal protrusion, the gear speed regulating module changes the transmission ratio through gear transmission, transmits the power to the fifth bevel gear (20), and drives the sun gear shaft (25) to rotate. The cage is a split structure, and the cage upper part (3) is connected with the connecting flange (9); three planetary gear shafts (6) and planetary gears (8) are arranged between the cage upper part (3) and the connecting flange (9), and the three planetary gear shafts (6) are connected with the cage through bolts; two first bearings (5) are arranged between the cage upper part (3), the connecting flange (9) and the outer gear ring (7), the two first bearings (5) connect the outer gear ring (7) and the cage, and allow the outer gear ring (7) and the cage to have different rotation speeds; two sliding bearings (4) are arranged on both sides of the sun gear shaft (25), and the two sliding bearings (4) are connected with the cage upper part (3) and the connecting flange (9) respectively, so that the gear shaft rotates; the first bevel gear shaft is engaged with the second bevel gear cage, the second bevel gear cage is engaged with the third bevel gear (12), and the fourth bevel gear (21) is engaged with the fifth bevel gear (20).

2. A step ratio variable planetary speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second bearing (27) is arranged between the connecting flange (9) and the bevel gear reversing module box (18), and the bevel gear reversing module box (18) is static, the connecting flange (9) drives the cage to rotate, and the second bearing (27) is used for supporting and enabling the cage to rotate.

3. A step ratio adjustable planetary gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bevel gear (24) is connected with the bevel gear reversing module box (18) through an angular contact ball bearing I (23), and the bevel gear reversing module left end cover (26) is fixed on the bevel gear reversing module box (18) through bolts.

4. A step ratio adjustable planetary gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third bevel gear (12) and the fourth bevel gear (21) are connected to the bevel gear reversing module box (18) through an angular contact ball bearing III (30), and the bevel gear reversing module right end cover (17) is fixed to the bevel gear reversing module box (18) through bolts.

5. A step ratio adjustable planetary gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft ends of the third bevel gear (12) and the fourth bevel gear (21) are hexagonal protrusions, which are connected to the hexagonal recesses of the gear speed regulating module gear shaft ends to transmit power.

6. A step ratio adjustable planetary gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear speed regulating module is fixed to one side of the third bevel gear (12) and the fourth bevel gear (21) of the bevel gear reversing module, is positioned through protrusions and grooves, and is fixed together through bolts, and the input shaft and the output shaft of the gear speed regulating module are connected to the third bevel gear shaft and the fourth bevel gear shaft through hexagonal holes.

Images