Drilling sampling device and drilling sampling method for drilling cores

Abstract

The present invention provides a drilling sampling device and a drilling sampling method for coring. The drilling sampling device includes a drill bit having a core accommodating cavity therein and a constriction opening at the lower end of the drill bit, the diameter of the constriction opening being smaller than the diameter of the core accommodating cavity; and a sampling device including a sampling head having a tubular structure. The inner wall of the lower end of the sampling head is provided with a prying mechanism. The sampling head is provided with a plurality of clamping mechanisms for clamping and fixing the core. The lower end of a film tube is open, and the upper end of the sampling head is mounted on the outside of the film tube. The drilling sampling device and the drilling sampling method for coring can solve the problems of existing drilling sampling processes, such as friction between the core and the inner wall of the drill pipe, which increases drilling resistance, and core damage or being stuck in the drill pipe and difficult to remove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of drilling rig in-situ sampling, and in particular to a drilling sampling device and a drilling sampling method for coring. Background Art

[0002] Indoor testing is the main means of studying the physical and mechanical properties of rock materials. Through indoor testing, the mechanical properties of rocks such as strength and deformation can be effectively explored. Drilling and coring rock materials is currently a commonly used method for rock sample preparation.

[0003] Drilling rigs are the primary machines used to coring rock materials. However, during the drilling process, the operation of the machine and the rotation of the drill rod inevitably generate centrifugal force and vibration. Furthermore, if the drill operator applies uneven force locally, the drilling path will tilt slightly, causing the inner wall of the high-speed rotating drill rod to constantly collide and rub against the core, which can easily cause mechanical damage to the core, reduce the strength of the rock sample itself, and affect the efficiency and quality of core extraction. At the same time, the friction between the core and the drill rod further increases the drilling resistance, hindering the coring process. For better-quality rock, after reaching the drilling depth, the core remains connected to the rock mass, and tools must be used to pry it off before it can be removed. For deeper drilling, the operation process is complicated and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a drilling sampling device and a drilling sampling method for coring, so as to solve the problems in the existing drilling sampling process such as the friction between the core and the inner wall of the drill rod increasing the drilling resistance, the core being damaged or stuck in the drill rod and difficult to remove.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a drilling sampling device for coring, including a drill bit, a core accommodating cavity is provided in the drill bit, and a contraction opening is provided at the lower end of the drill bit, and the diameter of the contraction opening is smaller than the diameter of the core accommodating cavity; it also includes a sampling device, the sampling device includes a sampling head, the sampling head is a tubular structure, the inner wall of the lower end of the sampling head is provided with a prying mechanism, and a plurality of clamping mechanisms are provided in the sampling head, and the clamping mechanisms clamp and fix the core, the lower end of the membrane tube is open, and the upper end of the sampling head is installed on the outside of the membrane tube.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the prying mechanism includes a slot limiting rod and a prying rod, and the inner wall of the sampling head is provided with a first hinge support and a second hinge support. The ends of the slot limiting rod and the prying rod are hinged to the first hinge support and the second hinge support respectively, and a limiting groove is provided on the lower side of the slot limiting rod to limit the end of the prying rod.

[0007] In a preferred solution, a first spring is provided between the prying rod and the inner wall of the sampling head.

[0008] In a preferred solution, a limiting block is provided on the prying rod, and a limiting protrusion for limiting the limiting block is provided on the second hinge support.

[0009] In a preferred solution, the clamping mechanism is an elastic clip, and the elastic clip is arranged to be tilted upward.

[0010] In a preferred solution, the clamping mechanism includes a clip, a third hinge support is provided on the inner wall of the sampling head, the lower end of the clip is hinged on the third hinge support, the clip is tilted upward, and a second spring is provided between the clip and the inner wall of the sampling head.

[0011] In a preferred solution, the sampling head is connected to the film sleeve through a connecting tube, the sampling head is threadedly connected to the connecting tube, and the upper end of the connecting tube is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the film sleeve.

[0012] In the preferred solution, a threaded boss is provided on the outside of the film tube, an external thread is provided on the threaded boss, the connecting tube is threadedly connected to the threaded boss, a film gap is provided between the inner wall of the connecting tube and the outside of the film tube, and a sample membrane is sleeved on the outside of the film tube. The sample membrane is cylindrical, with one end open and the other end closed. The open end of the sample membrane is inserted from the bottom to the top from the lower end of the film tube.

[0013] The present invention also provides a drilling sampling method of a drilling sampling device for drilling and coring, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Install the drill bit on the drilling rig and drill the rock to be sampled to obtain the core. The drill bit cuts and breaks the rock around the core, forming a cutting groove around the core.

[0015] S2, sampling device assembly;

[0016] S3. Align the sampling head of the sampling device with the cutting groove around the rock core, and press the sampling device downward. The upper end of the rock core contacts the prying rod. The prying rod applies lateral pressure to the rock core, breaking the lower end of the rock core and separating the rock core from the rock. The sampling device continues to move downward. The rock core pushes the slot limit rod, releasing the limit of the slot limit rod on the prying rod. After being squeezed by the rock core, the slot limit rod and the prying rod rotate upward without affecting the continued movement of the rock core relative to the sampling head.

[0017] S4. The core enters the casing, and the clamping mechanism clamps the core. After the sampling device wraps the entire core, the sampling device and the core are taken out upward at the same time.

[0018] S5. Remove the sampling head, take out the core, and complete the operation.

[0019] In a preferred solution, in S2, the sample membrane is sleeved on the membrane tube from bottom to top, and then the membrane tube is connected to the sampling head through the connecting tube; in S5, after the sampling head is removed, the core covered with the sample membrane is taken out.

[0020] The present invention provides a drilling sampling device and a drilling sampling method for coring. First, when drilling, the diameter of the core is made smaller than the inner diameter of the drill bit, reducing the resistance of the drilling, avoiding vibration damage to the core, and facilitating the subsequent removal of the core. When sampling, a prying mechanism is provided to pry off the connection between the lower end of the core and the rock, facilitating the removal of the core. As the sampling device is pressed downward, the core can enter the sampling head and the casing tube in sequence. The clamping mechanism does not affect the entry of the core. When the sampling device is pulled upward, under the action of the clamping mechanism, the core can be moved upward synchronously with the sampling device to achieve the removal of the core. Preferably, by putting a test mold on the casing tube, the core can be coated synchronously when the core is sampled, so as to achieve the purpose of maintaining the original state of the core and protecting the integrity of the core. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the position of the drill bit and the core;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling device of Example 1;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the prying mechanism;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the film sleeve;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting tube;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the sampling head;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling device of Example 2;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the clamping mechanism;

[0031] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the location of the sampling device and the core;

[0032] In the figure: drill bit 1, sampling head 2, clamping mechanism 3, mantle tube 4, connecting tube 5, slot limit rod 6, prying rod 7, first hinge support 8, second hinge support 9, first spring 10, sample membrane 11, mantle gap 12, shrinkage mouth 101, clip 301, third hinge support 302, second spring 303, threaded boss 401, limit groove 601, limit block 701, limit protrusion 901. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Example 1: Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a drilling sampling device for coring includes a drill bit 1 having a core-receiving cavity within the drill bit 1. The drill bit 1 has a constriction opening 101 at its lower end, with the diameter of the constriction opening 101 being smaller than that of the core-receiving cavity. During use, the drill bit 1 is mounted at the lower end of a hollow drill rod of a drilling rig, with the core-receiving cavity matching the inner diameter of the drill rod. Diamond particles are incorporated into the lower end of the drill bit 1 to cut and break the rock. As drilling depth increases, the rotating and vibrating drill bit and the inner wall of the drill rod are less likely to come into contact with the core, preventing vibration damage to the core and reducing frictional resistance during drilling. A cutting groove is also formed around the core to facilitate subsequent use of the sampling device.

[0034] The sampling device includes a sampling head 2, which is a tubular structure. The inner wall of the lower end of the sampling head 2 is provided with a prying mechanism. The sampling head 2 is provided with a plurality of clamping mechanisms 3. The clamping mechanisms 3 clamp and fix the core. When sampling, when the sampling device is pulled outward, the core is prevented from escaping from the sampling device. The lower end of the film tube 4 is open, and the upper end of the sampling head 2 is installed on the outside of the film tube 4. When sampling, the film tube 4 accommodates the core, making it convenient to remove the core. A force rod can be provided at the upper end of the film tube 4. On the one hand, it is convenient to operate the film tube 4, and on the other hand, it is convenient to connect with other force-applying devices.

[0035] The prying mechanism is arranged on one side of the inner wall of the sampling head 2, and includes a slot limiting rod 6 and a prying rod 7. The slot limiting rod 6 is arranged above the prying rod 7, the slot limiting rod 6 is arranged tilted upward, and the prying rod 7 is arranged tilted downward. The inner wall of the sampling head 2 is provided with a first hinge support 8 and a second hinge support 9. The ends of the slot limiting rod 6 and the prying rod 7 are hinged to the first hinge support 8 and the second hinge support 9 respectively. A limiting groove 601 is provided on the lower side of the slot limiting rod 6 to limit the end of the prying rod 7.

[0036] Align the sampling head 2 of the sampling device with the cutting groove around the core, press the sampling device downward, the upper end of the core contacts the prying rod 7, the prying rod 7 applies lateral pressure to the core, pries off the lower end of the core, separates the core from the rock, and the core pushes the slot limit rod 6 to release the limit of the slot limit rod 6 on the prying rod 7. After being squeezed by the core, the slot limit rod 6 and the prying rod 7 rotate upward without affecting the core's continued movement relative to the sampling head 2.

[0037] Preferably, Figure 4 As shown, a first spring 10 is provided between the prying rod 7 and the inner wall of the sampling head 2. By providing the first spring 10, when sampling is completed, the prying rod 7 is rebounded and reset under the action of the first spring 10, and the prying rod 7 does not need to be manually reset.

[0038] Furthermore, a limiting block 701 is provided on the prying rod 7 , and a limiting protrusion 901 for limiting the limiting block 701 is provided on the second hinge support 9 .

[0039] Under the elastic force of the first spring 10, the prying rod 7 returns to its original position and rotates. When the stop block 701 rotates to the upper side of the stop protrusion 901, it stops moving, allowing the prying rod 7 to return to a specific angle. At this time, the slot stop rod 6 rotates under the action of gravity, allowing the prying rod 7 to be precisely restrained in the stop slot 601, thereby limiting the prying rod 7 and ensuring the compatibility between the prying rod 7 and the stop slot 601.

[0040] In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 3 is an elastic clip, which is arranged to be tilted upwards and can clamp the core.

[0041] Preferably, the sampling head 2 is connected to the casing tube 4 through a connecting tube 5, the sampling head 2 is threadedly connected to the connecting tube 5, and the upper end of the connecting tube 5 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the casing tube 4. The connecting tube 5 plays a connecting role, facilitating the disassembly of the sampling head 2 and facilitating the removal of the core.

[0042] The outer side of the film tube 4 is provided with a threaded boss 401, and the threaded boss 401 is provided with an external thread. The connecting tube 5 is threadedly connected to the threaded boss 401. By setting the threaded boss 401, a film gap 12 is provided between the inner wall of the connecting tube 5 and the outer side of the film tube 4. The sample membrane 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the film tube 4. The sample membrane 11 is made of rubber. The sample membrane 11 is cylindrical, one end is open, and the other end is closed. The open end of the sample membrane 11 is inserted from the bottom to the top from the lower end of the film tube 4.

[0043] By sheathing the sample film 11 on the outside of the casing tube 4, when the core is taken out, the core is passed into the casing tube 4, and the sample film 11 is pre-sheathed on the outside of the core at the same time, so that the core can be sheathed while the core is taken out, thereby achieving the purpose of maintaining the original state of the core and protecting the integrity of the core.

[0044] Example 2: Different from Example 1, Figures 8 and 9 As shown, the clamping mechanism 3 includes a clip 301, a third hinge support 11 is provided on the inner wall of the sampling head 2, the lower end of the clip 301 is hinged on the third hinge support 11, the clip 301 is tilted upward, and a second spring 303 is provided between the clip 301 and the inner wall of the sampling head 2.

[0045] Since the clamping piece 301 can rotate around the third hinge support 11, it does not affect the upward movement of the core relative to the sampling head 2. At the same time, by providing the second spring 303, a spring top force can be applied to the clamping piece 301, so that the clamping piece 301 clamps the core, facilitating the entry of the core. However, when taking out, the core is not easy to slide out under the gravity of the core.

[0046] like Figure 10 As shown, a drilling sampling method of a drilling sampling device for drilling and coring, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1. Install the drill bit 1 on the drilling rig to drill and coring the rock to be sampled. The drill bit 1 cuts and breaks the rock around the core, forming a cutting groove around the core.

[0048] S2. Assembling the sampling device: The sample membrane 11 is placed on the membrane sleeve 4 from bottom to top, and then the membrane sleeve 4 is connected to the sampling head 2 through the connecting tube 5.

[0049] S3. Align the sampling head 2 of the sampling device with the cutting groove around the rock core, press the sampling device downward, the upper end of the rock core contacts the prying rod 7, the prying rod 7 applies lateral pressure to the rock core, pries off the lower end of the rock core, and separates the rock core from the rock. The sampling device continues to move downward, and the rock core pushes the slot limit rod 6, releasing the limit of the slot limit rod 6 on the prying rod 7. After being squeezed by the rock core, the slot limit rod 6 and the prying rod 7 rotate upward without affecting the continued movement of the rock core relative to the sampling head 2.

[0050] S4, the core enters the casing tube 4, and the clamping mechanism 3 clamps the core. After the sampling device wraps the entire core, the sampling device and the core are taken out upward at the same time.

[0051] S5. After removing the sampling head 2, take out the core covered with the sample membrane 11.

[0052] The present drilling sampling device and drilling sampling method firstly make the diameter of the rock core smaller than the inner diameter of the drill bit 1 when drilling, thereby reducing the resistance of the drilling, avoiding vibration damage to the rock core, and facilitating subsequent sampling. When sampling, a prying mechanism is provided to pry off the connection between the lower end of the rock core and the rock, facilitating the removal of the rock core. As the sampling device is pressed downward, the rock core can sequentially enter the sampling head 2 and the casing tube 4. The clamping mechanism does not affect the entry of the rock core. When the sampling device is pulled upward, the rock core can be moved upward synchronously with the sampling device under the action of the clamping mechanism, thereby realizing the removal of the rock core.

Claims

1. A drilling sampling device for coring a hole, comprising a drill bit (1), wherein the drill bit (1) is provided with a core accommodating cavity, characterized in that: The drill bit (1) is provided with a contraction opening (101) at the lower end, and the diameter of the contraction opening (101) is smaller than the diameter of the core accommodating cavity; the drill bit (1) also includes a sampling device, the sampling device including a sampling head (2), the sampling head (2) is a tubular structure, the inner wall of the lower end of the sampling head (2) is provided with a prying mechanism, the prying mechanism includes a slot limiting rod (6) and a prying rod (7), the inner wall of the sampling head (2) is provided with a first hinge support (8) and a second hinge support (9), the ends of the slot limiting rod (6) and the prying rod (7) are hinged to the first hinge support (8) and the second hinge support (9) respectively, and a limiting groove (601) for limiting the end of the prying rod (7) is provided on the lower side of the slot limiting rod (6); A plurality of clamping mechanisms (3) are provided in the sampling head (2), and the clamping mechanisms (3) clamp and fix the rock core. The lower end of the film tube (4) is open, and the upper end of the sampling head (2) is installed outside the film tube (4).

2. A drilling sampling device for coring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first spring (10) is provided between the prying rod (7) and the inner wall of the sampling head (2).

3. A drilling sampling device for coring according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting block (701) is provided on the prying rod (7), and a limiting protrusion (901) for limiting the limiting block (701) is provided on the second hinge support (9).

4. The drilling sampling device for coring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (3) is an elastic clip, and the elastic clip is arranged to be tilted upward.

5. The drilling sampling device for coring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (3) comprises a clamping piece (301), a third hinge support (302) is provided on the inner wall of the sampling head (2), the lower end of the clamping piece (301) is hinged on the third hinge support (302), the clamping piece (301) is arranged to be tilted upward, and a second spring (303) is provided between the clamping piece (301) and the inner wall of the sampling head (2).

6. The drilling sampling device for coring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling head (2) is connected to the film sleeve (4) via a connecting tube (5), the sampling head (2) is threadedly connected to the connecting tube (5), and the upper end of the connecting tube (5) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the film sleeve (4).

7. The drilling sampling device for coring according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer side of the film sleeve (4) is provided with a threaded boss (401), the threaded boss (401) is provided with an external thread, the connecting tube (5) is threadedly connected to the threaded boss (401), the inner wall of the connecting tube (5) and the outer side of the film sleeve (4) are provided with a film sleeve gap (12), the outer side of the film sleeve (4) is sleeved with a sample membrane (11), the sample membrane (11) is cylindrical, one end is open and the other end is closed, and the open end of the sample membrane (11) is inserted from the bottom to the top from the lower end of the film sleeve (4).

8. The drilling sampling method of the drilling sampling device for drilling and coring according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Installing the drill bit (1) on the drill rod of the drilling rig, drilling and coring the rock to be sampled, wherein the drill bit (1) cuts and breaks the rock around the core, and forms a cutting groove around the core; S2, sampling device assembly; S3. Align the sampling head (2) of the sampling device with the cutting groove around the core, press the sampling device downward, the upper end of the core contacts the prying rod (7), the prying rod (7) applies lateral pressure to the core, and the lower end of the core is pried off, the core is separated from the rock, and the sampling device continues to move downward. The core pushes the slot limit rod (6), releasing the limit of the slot limit rod (6) on the prying rod (7). After being squeezed by the core, the slot limit rod (6) and the prying rod (7) rotate upward without affecting the core's continued movement relative to the sampling head (2); S4, the core enters the casing tube (4), the clamping mechanism (3) clamps the core, and after the sampling device wraps the entire core, the sampling device and the core are taken out upward at the same time; S5. Remove the sampling head (2), take out the core, and complete the operation.

9. The drilling sampling method of the drilling sampling device for drilling and coring according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S2, the sample membrane (11) is mounted on the membrane sleeve (4) from bottom to top, and then the membrane sleeve (4) is connected to the sampling head (2) via the connecting sleeve (5); in the step S5, after the sampling head (2) is removed, the rock core covered with the sample membrane (11) is taken out.

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