A method for testing the maximum service temperature of a ysz:eu phosphor material, and a system and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a highest temperature experienced test method based on a YSZ:Eu phosphor material, a system thereof and application, and the test method comprises the following steps: spraying a YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer on the surface of a test piece, placing the test piece in a thermal environment, taking out the test piece, and emitting a phosphor signal from the YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer under the excitation of ultraviolet light; the phosphor light intensity at a wavelength of 580+ / -10 nm is compared with the phosphor light intensity at a wavelength of 610+ / -10 nm, a phosphor light intensity ratio is obtained, and the highest temperature experienced by the test piece in the thermal environment can be obtained according to the phosphor light intensity ratio and a light intensity ratio / temperature standard curve. Compared with the prior art, the irreversible change of the crystal structure and the luminescent property of the YSZ:Eu phosphor material caused by the high-temperature heating process is utilized, so that the highest temperature experienced by the material is recorded, and the test method has the advantages of a wide temperature measurement range (900-1300 DEG C) and the like, and has a good application prospect for heat insulation and heat resistance performance tests.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of thermal barrier coating temperature measurement and evaluation, and relates to a highest experienced temperature test method based on YSZ:Eu phosphor material, a system thereof and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of aero-engines towards larger single-engine capacity and higher single-engine operation efficiency, the super-high turbine inlet temperature of the aero-engines has greatly exceeded the temperature resistance limit of high-temperature alloys and single-crystal materials. In order to further improve the use temperature of turbine blades, thermal protection and cooling technology is crucial, which has become a key technology for developing high-performance aero-engines. As a thermal protection means, the thermal barrier coating can obviously reduce the substrate temperature, and has the characteristics of high hardness, good chemical stability and high-temperature corrosion resistance, so as to effectively improve the use temperature of blades, prolong the service life of hot end components, and improve the power and efficiency of engines. However, for this technology, measuring the temperature inside the coating in the highly closed and limited gas turbine to evaluate the thermal insulation performance of the coating has become one of the bottleneck technologies restricting the development of thermal barrier coatings and aero-engines.

[0003] At present, the thermal barrier coating thermal insulation performance evaluation method used in the industry is generally to measure the surface temperature of the thermal barrier coating and the back surface temperature of the blade, and calculate the temperature difference to evaluate the thermal insulation performance of the coating. In the prior art, the surface temperature of the thermal barrier coating and the back surface temperature of the blade can be measured by using thermocouples, infrared temperature measurement and temperature indicating paint technology. However, the blade structure is complex, and there is significant heat flow inside the blade during operation, which will introduce a large number of uncertain factors to the thermal insulation performance evaluation of the thermal barrier coating. The real thermal insulation performance evaluation should be compared with the surface temperature of the thermal barrier coating based on the temperature at the joint between the coating and the blade. At present, it is very difficult to measure the temperature at the joint inside the thermal barrier coating: the thermocouple cannot be embedded between the thermal barrier coating and the blade; the infrared temperature measurement cannot penetrate the thermal barrier coating for measurement; and the temperature indicating paint cannot color between the thermal barrier coating and the blade.

[0004] The online phosphor temperature measurement technology belongs to a non-contact optical measurement method, which can realize high spatial resolution and high precision online synchronous temperature measurement. This technology utilizes the thermal quenching effect of phosphor materials: with the increase of temperature, the phosphor light intensity and lifetime gradually decrease. However, when the online phosphor temperature measurement technology is applied to the joint between the thermal barrier coating and the blade, it faces the following two main challenges:

[0005] 1. The phosphor material needs to be thermally compatible with the thermal barrier coating material to prevent the thermal barrier coating from falling off;

[0006] 2. The online phosphor temperature measurement needs an optical window, which is generally not provided in real engine tests.

[0007] The Chinese invention patent with the patent publication number CN106441628B discloses a temperature measurement system based on YAG:Dy phosphor lifetime measurement, and its measurement method mainly includes the following steps: firstly, the UV-LED ultraviolet light source emits a pulse signal, the YAG:Dy phosphor layer on the temperature measurement probe receives the excitation light and emits a phosphor signal, the signal is accepted by the photomultiplier tube detector through the optical filter and is converted into an electric signal, the phosphor decay lifetime is calculated according to the electric signal, and the final temperature is obtained through a temperature calibration curve. The phosphor lifetime temperature measurement method has high precision and wide temperature measurement range, but the YAG:Dy phosphor material cannot be compatible with the YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) material used in the current thermal barrier coating, and the problems of uneven thermal load and inconsistent thermal expansion coefficient are prone to occur when the phosphor lifetime temperature measurement method is applied to the internal temperature test of the thermal barrier coating, which may cause the thermal barrier coating to fall off and cannot meet challenge one.

[0008] The paper "Phosphor-Doped Thermal Barrier Coatings Deposited by Air Plasma Spray for In-Depth Temperature Sensing" published in the journal Sensors introduces an internal temperature measurement technology based on YSZ:Dy that can be integrated with the thermal barrier coating, and realizes the internal temperature measurement of the 300um thick thermal barrier coating (YSZ). The phosphor temperature measurement technology can effectively realize the integration with the thermal barrier coating, and minimize the impact on the thermal barrier coating when measuring the internal temperature. However, this measurement technology is an online measurement technology based on the luminescence thermal quenching effect, and it is difficult to realize the real internal temperature measurement in the engine with high sealing and no effective optical observation window, which cannot meet challenge two. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to fill the gap of the current internal temperature offline measurement technology of the thermal barrier coating, and to provide a highest experienced temperature test method based on YSZ:Eu phosphor material, as well as a system and application thereof, which helps to realize the functions of measuring the internal temperature of the thermal barrier coating and evaluating the heat insulation performance.

[0010] The purpose of the present application can be realized by the following technical solutions:

[0011] A highest experienced temperature test method based on YSZ:Eu phosphor material, comprising: spraying YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer on the surface of a test piece, and then placing the test piece in a thermal environment; after taking out the test piece, the YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer emits phosphorescence signal under the excitation of ultraviolet light; and comparing the phosphorescence intensity at wavelength 580±10nm with the phosphorescence intensity at wavelength 610±10nm; the phosphorescence signals at the two wavelength bands belong to magnetic dipole transition and electric dipole transition respectively, and have completely different responses to the material structure changes caused by heating. The phosphorescence intensity ratio obtained according to the method can reflect the highest temperature experienced by the test piece in the thermal environment.

[0012] Further, the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 300-500nm.

[0013] Further, the thickness of the YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer is 10-50μm, and the particle size of the YSZ:Eu phosphor material used is 5-10μm.

[0014] Further, the phosphor material comprises 0.1-2mol% Eu2O3, 6-8mol% Y2O3, and the rest is ZrO2.

[0015] Further, the YSZ:Eu phosphor material can be prepared by sol-gel method or solid phase reaction method.

[0016] The sol-gel method comprises the following steps:

[0017] M1: preparing a raw solution containing yttrium source and erbium source, and adding chelating agent to mix uniformly to obtain a first mixed solution; mixing a solution containing zirconium source with a dispersing agent to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0018] M2: mixing the first mixed solution with the second mixed solution uniformly, and then sequentially standing at 80-100℃ to obtain a sol material, and drying to obtain a gel material;

[0019] M3: sequentially subjecting the gel material to ball milling and heat treatment to obtain the YSZ:Eu phosphor material.

[0020] Preferably, in step M1, the yttrium source and the erbium source are obtained by mixing Y2O3, Eu2O3 and nitric acid, the chelating agent is citric acid, and the molar ratio of citric acid to total metal ions is 1-3:1; the zirconium source is ZrOCl2, and the dispersing agent is polyethylene glycol, and the molar ratio of polyethylene glycol to total metal ions is 1:5-15; in step M3, the heat treatment temperature is 600-700℃, and the heat treatment time is 6-8h.

[0021] The solid phase reaction method comprises: ball milling YSZ powder and Eu2O3, and then performing solid phase reaction at 1400-1600 DEG C for 5-15 hours, so as to obtain the YSZ:Eu phosphor.

[0022] Further, the YSZ:Eu phosphor layer is obtained by using the atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) technology, and the plasma spraying comprises: controlling the temperature of the test piece to be 300-600 DEG C, the distance between the spraying gun and the test piece to be 100-250 mm, the moving speed of the spraying gun to be 300-800 mm / s, the powder feeding speed to be 20-60 g / min, the powder feeding gas flow to be 0.8-1.2 L / min, the spraying voltage to be 120-180 V, the spraying current to be 200-250 A, the argon flow rate to be 50-100 L / min, and the hydrogen flow rate to be 20-50 L / min.

[0023] Further, the method for drawing the light intensity ratio / temperature standard curve comprises the following steps:

[0024] 1) spraying the YSZ:Eu phosphor layer on the surface of the heat-conducting substrate to obtain a standard test piece;

[0025] 2) taking a plurality of standard test pieces, and respectively placing the standard test pieces at corresponding standard temperatures to be heat-stable, and then taking out the standard test pieces after cooling;

[0026] 3) irradiating the YSZ:Eu phosphor layer with ultraviolet light, collecting the phosphorescent signals emitted by the YSZ:Eu phosphor layer, then comparing the phosphorescent light intensity at the wavelength of 580±10 nm with the phosphorescent light intensity at the wavelength of 610±10 nm to obtain the phosphorescent light intensity ratio, and finally drawing a graph with the phosphorescent light intensity ratio as the horizontal coordinate and the standard temperature as the vertical coordinate, so as to obtain the light intensity ratio / temperature standard curve.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution, in the actual test process, the spraying method and process conditions of the YSZ:Eu phosphor layer are consistent with or controlled within the error range of the standard curve drawing.

[0028] A test system based on the above test method comprises an ultraviolet light source, a spectroscope arranged on the light path of the phosphorescent signals, industrial cameras respectively arranged on the refracted light path and the reflected light path of the spectroscope, a filter arranged in front of the industrial cameras, and a signal acquisition device electrically connected with the industrial cameras.

[0029] An application based on the above test method comprises using the method to test the highest temperature or the highest temperature distribution experienced by the surface of a test piece, the inner surface and / or the outer surface of a thermal barrier coating in a high-temperature wind tunnel experiment, or the highest temperature or the highest temperature distribution experienced by the surface of an aero-engine or a ground gas turbine.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following characteristics:

[0031] 1) The present application uses the irreversible change of the crystal structure and luminescent properties of YSZ:Eu phosphor caused by high-temperature heating process to record the maximum temperature experienced by the material, and has a wide temperature measurement range (900-1300℃), which has good application prospects for heat insulation and heat resistance testing;

[0032] 2) Based on the characteristics of offline testing, the present application shows good adaptability to areas that are difficult to involve in online real-time testing, including closed and extreme test environments such as turbine blades and combustion chamber shells. For example, compared with the method of using YSZ:Dy or YSZ:Sm phosphor intensity ratio to perform online temperature testing in patent CN111366265A, the present application can achieve temperature measurement without the need for precise optical path design in complex engine interiors. The online temperature measurement method based on intensity ratio is limited by the Boltzmann energy level distribution law, and has very low sensitivity to temperature changes at high temperatures, which cannot achieve accurate measurement. The present application only needs to spray YSZ:Eu phosphor before testing, disassemble the corresponding parts after running, and move the testing device to the sprayed part. The maximum temperature experienced at this location can be obtained by testing the light intensity ratio. The sensitivity of light intensity ratio to temperature remains high or even improves as the temperature rises, which is beneficial to accurate temperature measurement at high temperatures;

[0033] 3) For testing the heat insulation effect of YSZ thermal barrier coating, on the one hand, the present YSZ:Eu phosphor layer can be placed between the YSZ thermal barrier coating and the substrate to accurately obtain the temperature of the inner surface of the thermal barrier coating. Combined with the actual thermal environment temperature, the heat insulation effect of the thermal barrier coating, especially in complex environments, can be accurately evaluated. On the other hand, due to the extremely small amount of Eu doping (<1%), the YSZ:Eu phosphor layer and the thermal barrier coating can be maximally compatible, avoiding the problem of thermal barrier coating peeling during testing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a maximum experienced temperature testing system based on YSZ:Eu phosphor;

[0035] Figure 2 It is the light intensity ratio / temperature standard curve in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 3 It is the temperature rising program of the maximum experienced temperature testing method of YSZ:Eu phosphor in Example 1;

[0037] MARK DESCRIPTION IN THE FIGURE:

[0038] 1-sample stage, 2-ultraviolet light source, 3-spectroscope, 4-industrial camera, 5-filter, 6-signal acquisition device, 7-sample. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 1 The phosphorescent temperature measurement system shown includes a sample stage 1 holding a sample 7, an ultraviolet light source 2 and a beam splitter 3 located above the sample stage 1, an industrial camera 4 located on the refracted light path and the reflected light path of the beam splitter 3 respectively, a filter 5 located in front of the industrial camera 4, and a signal acquisition device 6 electrically connected to the industrial camera 4.

[0041] A method for testing the highest temperature of phosphorescent materials based on YSZ:Eu includes:

[0042] A 10-50 μm thick YSZ:Eu phosphorescent material layer was sprayed onto the surface of the specimen and then placed in a thermal environment. After removal, the YSZ:Eu phosphorescent material layer emitted phosphorescent signals under ultraviolet light excitation. The phosphorescence intensity at a wavelength of 580±10 nm was compared with that at a wavelength of 610±10 nm. The phosphorescence signals in these two wavelength bands belong to magnetic dipole transitions and electric dipole transitions, respectively, and have completely different responses to the material structural changes caused by heating. The resulting phosphorescence intensity ratio can reflect the highest temperature experienced by the specimen in the thermal environment.

[0043] Among them, the ultraviolet light source 2 is a UV-LED ultraviolet light source with a wavelength of 300-500nm and a light source power of 1-100W, the beam splitter 3 is a neutral beam splitter with 50% transmission (#45-852, Edmund Optics), and the filters 5 are bandpass filters with 580±10nm (#65-161, Edmund Optics) and 610±10nm (#65-164, Edmund Optics), respectively.

[0044] Preferably, when using an industrial camera 4 to take pictures, the number of photos taken is 128-1024, and the collected photos are averaged to improve accuracy.

[0045] The YSZ:Eu phosphorescent material layer is obtained by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) of YSZ:Eu phosphorescent material. The spraying process parameters include: controlling the specimen temperature at 300-600℃, the distance between the spray gun and the specimen at 100-250mm, the spray gun moving speed at 300-800mm / s, the powder feeding speed at 20-60g / min, the powder feeding gas flow rate at 0.8-1.2L / min, the spraying voltage at 120-180V, the spraying current at 200-250A, the argon gas flow rate at 50-100L / min, and the hydrogen gas flow rate at 20-50L / min.

[0046] The element composition of the YSZ:Eu phosphor used includes 0.1-2 mol% Eu2O3, 6-8 mol% Y2O3, and the balance ZrO2, and the particle size is preferably 20-50 μm, which can be prepared by a sol-gel method and a solid phase reaction method.

[0047] The preparation process of the sol-gel method includes the following steps:

[0048] M1: a raw material solution containing a yttrium source and an erbium source is prepared, a chelating agent is added and mixed uniformly to obtain a first mixed solution; a solution containing a zirconium source is mixed with a dispersing agent to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0049] M2: the first mixed solution and the second mixed solution are mixed uniformly, and then the sol material is obtained by standing at 80-100°C, and the gel material is obtained by drying at 120-140°C;

[0050] M3: the gel material is ball milled into a powder with a particle size of 80-120 mesh, and then heat treated at 600-700°C for 6-8h to obtain the YSZ:Eu phosphor.

[0051] Preferably, in step M1, the yttrium source and the erbium source are obtained by mixing Y2O3, Eu2O3 and nitric acid, and the chelating agent is citric acid, wherein the molar ratio of citric acid to total metal ions is 1-3:1; the zirconium source is ZrOCl2·8H2O, and the dispersing agent is polyethylene glycol, wherein the molar ratio of polyethylene glycol to total metal ions is 1:5-15.

[0052] The preparation process of the solid phase reaction method includes: ball milling YSZ powder and Eu2O3, and then performing solid phase reaction at 1400-1600°C for 5-15h to obtain the YSZ:Eu phosphor.

[0053] The method for drawing the light intensity ratio / temperature standard curve includes the following steps:

[0054] 1) a YSZ:Eu phosphor layer is sprayed on the surface of a heat-conducting substrate to obtain a standard test piece;

[0055] 2) multiple standard test pieces are taken and respectively placed at corresponding standard temperatures until thermal stability is reached, and then taken out after cooling;

[0056] 3) the YSZ:Eu phosphor layer is irradiated with ultraviolet light, and the phosphorescent signal emitted is collected, then the phosphorescent light intensity at a wavelength of 580±10nm is compared with the phosphorescent light intensity at a wavelength of 610±10nm to obtain the phosphorescent light intensity ratio, and finally the phosphorescent light intensity ratio and the standard temperature are taken as the horizontal and vertical coordinates respectively to draw a graph, thereby obtaining the light intensity ratio / temperature standard curve.

[0057] As a preferred technical scheme, the spraying method and process condition of the YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer in the actual test process are consistent with those when the standard curve is drawn, or are controlled within an error range of 5-10%.

[0058] An application based on the above test method includes using the method to test the highest temperature or highest temperature distribution experienced by the surface of a test piece, the inner surface and / or the outer surface of a thermal barrier coating, or the highest temperature or highest temperature distribution experienced by the surface of an aero-engine or a ground gas turbine.

[0059] The following is a more detailed implementation case, which further illustrates the technical scheme of the present application and the technical effects that can be obtained.

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] A sol-gel preparation method of YSZ:Eu phosphor material includes the following steps:

[0062] A1: 0.79g Y2O3, 0.176g Eu2O3 as raw material, dropwise adding 8mol / L nitric acid 10mL mixed and placed on the heating stirring table to stir and heat to 60℃, after the raw material is fully dissolved, the raw material solution is obtained;

[0063] A2: heat the raw material solution to 80℃, decompose and completely volatilize the remaining nitric acid until no bubbles come out, then add 38.42g chelating agent citric acid and mix uniformly to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0064] A3: dissolve 29.63g ZrOCl2·8H2O in 150mL deionized water, and add 2.46g dispersant polyethylene glycol to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0065] A4: dropwise add the second mixed solution to the first mixed solution, and stir and mix until the solution is transparent and no white precipitate is left, then transfer it to an oven and stand at 120℃ for 12h, during which the colorless transparent solution gradually changes to yellow transparent sol, and then to inclined sol which hardly moves, then the yellow transparent sol changes to light yellow brown, and finally dry at 120℃ for 12h to obtain a gel;

[0066] A5: use a high-energy ball mill to grind the gel for 2h to obtain a powder with a particle size of 5-10μm, then transfer it to a muffle furnace and heat to 600℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and heat treat for 8h, then cool down with the furnace to obtain YSZ:Eu phosphor powder.

[0067] A standard curve of the relationship between the phosphor light intensity ratio and the temperature based on YSZ:Eu phosphor material, the drawing method includes the following steps:

[0068] B1: Using a Hastelloy plate as a substrate, a 50 pm-thick YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer is sprayed by an atmospheric plasma spraying device, with the following spraying parameters: a substrate temperature of 400°C, a distance between a spraying gun and the substrate of 250 mm, a spraying gun moving speed of 600 mm / s, a powder feeding speed of 30 g / min, a powder feeding gas flow of 0.9 L / min, a spraying voltage of 160 V, a spraying current of 220 A, an argon flow rate of 80 L / min, and a hydrogen flow rate of 30 L / min, to obtain a standard sample;

[0069] B2: A plurality of standard samples are placed in a thermal shock furnace and are respectively kept at corresponding standard temperatures for 20 min, and are taken out after furnace cooling; wherein the standard temperatures are 900-1200°C, and each temperature interval is 50°C;

[0070] B3: A phosphor thermometry system as shown in Figure 1 is used to take phosphor images of each heated standard sample, specifically including: adjusting a UV light source 2 to emit continuous light with a wavelength of 405 nm, under the irradiation of the continuous light, the YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer emits a phosphor signal, which is divided into a refracted light beam and a reflected light beam by a beam splitter 3, and is collected by corresponding filters 5 and industrial cameras 4 to obtain phosphor images;

[0071] B4: The ratio of the integral light intensities I1(580±10 nm) and I2(610±10 nm) in the two phosphor images is taken as the ordinate, and the corresponding standard temperature is taken as the abscissa to plot a standard curve of the phosphor intensity ratio versus temperature, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0072] A highest experienced temperature testing method based on a YSZ:Eu phosphor material, including the following steps:

[0073] C1: A 50 pm-thick YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer is sprayed on the surface of a sample by the method of step B1 to obtain a sample to be tested;

[0074] C2: The sample to be tested is placed in a thermal shock furnace and is heated by a temperature rising process as shown in Figure 3 , wherein the time of the temperature rising section and the temperature falling section can be ignored, and the sample to be tested is taken out after furnace cooling to obtain a heated sample;

[0075] C3: After 512 groups of photos are continuously taken by the method of step B3, the light intensities I1(580±10 nm) and I2(610±10 nm) of two phosphor images in each group are processed by ratio, and the phosphor intensity ratio is obtained by averaging all the ratios;

[0076] C4: The phosphor intensity ratio and the standard curve as shown in Figure 2According to the standard curve shown in FIG. 6, the highest experienced temperature is obtained as 985°C, 1045°C, 1115°C, and the deviation of the highest constant temperature section temperature between 1000°C, 1050°C, 1100°C is 1.5%. It can be seen that the test method has good reference value for the test characterization of the highest experienced temperature. Figure 3

[0077] Example 2

[0078] In this example, the heat insulation performance of the YSZ thermal barrier coating is tested during the gas turbine heat test based on the YSZ:Eu phosphor powder prepared in Example 1. The test process includes the following steps:

[0079] 1) A 50 μm thick layer of YSZ:Eu phosphor material is sprayed on the outer surface of the substrate blade material by the method of step B1 in Example 1. Then the sprayed powder is replaced with YSZ powder (8YSZ, >99.9wt%, Hefei Kejing) and a 100 μm thick YSZ thermal barrier coating is sprayed with the same spraying parameters to obtain a test piece.

[0080] 2) The temperature measurement system can be used to measure the highest temperature distribution on the surface of the model after the test. The thermocouple is arranged in front of the surface of the test piece, and the stable temperature value of the thermocouple is read as the environmental reference temperature after thermal stabilization. Wait for the test device to cool to room temperature.

[0081] 3) The test piece is taken out and placed on a sample table of a phosphor temperature measurement system as shown in FIG. 5, and 512 groups of photos are continuously taken by the method of step B3. Then the light intensity I1(580±10nm) and I2(610±10nm) of each pixel in each group of phosphor images are processed by ratio, and the phosphor light intensity ratio distribution map is obtained by averaging all the groups. Figure 1

[0082] 4) According to the phosphor light intensity ratio corresponding to each pixel in the phosphor light intensity ratio distribution map, and the standard curve as shown in FIG. 6, the highest experienced temperature distribution map is obtained. Figure 2

[0083] 5) The highest experienced temperature and the environmental reference temperature value are used as the temperatures on both sides of the YSZ thermal barrier coating. According to the formula A=ΔT / L and the thickness of the thermal barrier coating, the heat insulation performance of the YSZ thermal barrier coating in the above gas turbine heat test process is calculated to be about 0.76°C / μm.

[0084] ​​​The foregoing description of the embodiments has been presented for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or can be acquired from practice of the application. As well, the description is presented in the context of the preferred embodiments as a number of alternatives. It is not intended to limit the application to the precise form described.

Claims

1. A method for testing the maximum temperature experienced by a YSZ:Eu phosphor material, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: spraying YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer on the surface of the test piece, placing the test piece in a thermal environment, and taking out the test piece after the phosphor material layer emits phosphor signals under the excitation of ultraviolet light, and then comparing the phosphor light intensity at a wavelength of 580±10 nm with the phosphor light intensity at a wavelength of 610±10 nm to obtain a phosphor light intensity ratio, and according to the phosphor light intensity ratio and the light intensity ratio / temperature standard curve, the highest temperature experienced by the test piece in the thermal environment can be obtained; the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 300-500 nm; the thickness of the YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer is 10-50 microns, and the particle size of the YSZ:Eu phosphor material used is 5-10 microns; the phosphor material comprises 0.1-2 mol% of Eu2O3, 6-8 mol% of Y2O3, and the balance of ZrO2.

2. A method for testing the maximum temperature endurance of a YSZ:Eu phosphor material according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the YSZ:Eu phosphor material comprises the following steps: M1: preparing a raw solution containing a yttrium source and an erbium source, adding a chelating agent and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixed solution; mixing a solution containing a zirconium source with a dispersing agent to obtain a second mixed solution; M2: uniformly mixing the first mixed solution with the second mixed solution, and then sequentially placing at 80-100 DEG C to obtain a sol material, and drying to obtain a gel material; M3: sequentially subjecting the gel material to ball milling and heat treatment to obtain the YSZ:Eu phosphor material; wherein the heat treatment temperature is 600-700 DEG C, and the heat treatment time is 6-8 hours.

3. A method of testing the maximum temperature experienced by a YSZ:Eu phosphor material according to claim 2, characterised in that, In step M1, the yttrium source and the erbium source are obtained by mixing Y2O3, Eu2O3 and nitric acid, and the chelating agent is citric acid, wherein the molar ratio of citric acid to total metal ions is 1-3:1; The zirconium source is ZrOCl2, and the dispersing agent is polyethylene glycol, wherein the molar ratio of polyethylene glycol to total metal ions is 1:5-15.

4. A method for testing the maximum temperature endurance of a YSZ:Eu phosphor material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the YSZ:Eu phosphor material comprises: ball milling YSZ powder and Eu2O3, and then performing solid-phase reaction at 1400-1600 DEG C for 5-15 hours to obtain the YSZ:Eu phosphor material.

5. A method for testing the maximum temperature endurance of a YSZ:Eu phosphor material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The YSZ:Eu phosphor material layer is obtained by plasma spraying YSZ:Eu phosphor material, and the plasma spraying comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature of the test piece to be 300-600 DEG C, controlling the distance between the spray gun and the test piece to be 100-250 mm, controlling the moving speed of the spray gun to be 300-800 mm / s, controlling the powder feeding speed to be 20-60 g / min, controlling the powder gas flow to be 0.8-1.2 L / min, controlling the spraying voltage to be 120-180 V, controlling the spraying current to be 200-250 A, controlling the argon flow rate to be 50-100 L / min, and controlling the hydrogen flow rate to be 20-50 L / min.

6. A test system based on the test method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The system comprises an ultraviolet light source (2), a spectroscope (3) arranged in the light path of the phosphor signal, an industrial camera (4) arranged in the refractive light path and the reflective light path of the spectroscope (3) respectively, a filter (5) arranged in front of the industrial camera (4), and a signal acquisition device (6) electrically connected with the industrial camera (4).

7. Use of the test method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method is used to test the maximum temperature or maximum temperature distribution experienced by the surface of a test specimen, the inner surface of a thermal barrier coating, or the surface of an aeroengine or a ground gas turbine.

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