Apparatus for preparing al-mg alloy with rapid formation of equiaxed grains

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of Al-Mg alloy preparation devices of fast forming equiaxed grain, including sprue mould, male die, female die, base, the bottom center of sprue mould is evenly opened with four through round hole sprue in symmetry, the upper opening of each round hole sprue is formed with circular arc chamfer, the bottom center of sprue mould is opened with the first blind hole opening downward, female die is installed on base, the bottom center of base is opened with the second blind hole opening upward, male die is installed in female die and between sprue mould and base, the upper end of male die protrudes from female die and is assembled in the first blind hole, the lower end of male die is assembled in the second blind hole.The application increases the number of sprue, increases the contact area of melt and mold cavity wall, increases the surface roughness of mold cavity wall, increases the number of grain nucleation in melt, increases grain nucleation particle, to improve nucleation rate, and then form equiaxed grain and refine grain, optimize Al-Mg alloy organization, improve the mechanical properties of Al-Mg alloy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of Al-Mg alloy casting mold, and particularly relates to an Al-Mg alloy preparation device capable of quickly forming equiaxed grains. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, the Al-Mg alloy casting mold can only be used as a container for alloy melt solidification, and cannot help the nucleation of grains in the alloy melt solidification process, so that the internal organization of the cast Al-Mg alloy is coarse and uneven, and the mechanical properties of the alloy are poor.

[0003] In the prior art, there is little research on the control of the alloy solidification process, and there is a lack of simple and effective measures with low cost to obtain equiaxed grains and refine alloy grains, so as to improve the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg alloy. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the application provides an Al-Mg alloy preparation device capable of quickly forming equiaxed grains, which comprises a sprue mold, a male mold, a female mold and a base, wherein the bottom center of the sprue mold is uniformly and symmetrically provided with four through circular hole sprues, the upper part of each circular hole sprue is formed with a circular arc chamfer, and a first blind hole opening downward is formed at the bottom center of the sprue mold; the female mold is installed on the base, a second blind hole opening upward is formed at the bottom center of the base, the male mold is installed in the female mold and between the sprue mold and the base, the upper end of the male mold protrudes from the female mold and is assembled in the first blind hole, and the lower end of the male mold is assembled in the second blind hole; the surface of the male mold, the inner wall of the female mold and the upper surface of the bottom of the base all have a certain roughness to provide a large number of nucleation sites for grains.

[0005] Further, in the above-mentioned Al-Mg alloy preparation device capable of quickly forming equiaxed grains, the diameter of the circular hole sprue is 12 mm, and the radius of the circular arc chamfer is 5 mm.

[0006] Further, in the above-mentioned Al-Mg alloy preparation device capable of quickly forming equiaxed grains, the surface roughness of the male mold is set to 25 mu m.

[0007] Further, in the above-mentioned Al-Mg alloy preparation device capable of quickly forming equiaxed grains, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the female mold is set to 25 mu m.

[0008] Further, in the above-mentioned Al-Mg alloy preparation device capable of quickly forming equiaxed grains, the surface roughness of the upper surface of the bottom of the base is set to 25 mu m.

[0009] Further, in the Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains, the runner mold, the male mold, the female mold and the base are all made of cast iron.

[0010] The Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0011] By increasing the number of runners during casting, increasing the contact area between the melt and the mold cavity wall during solidification of the melt, and increasing the surface roughness of the mold cavity wall, the number of grain nucleation in the melt is increased, the grain nucleation points are increased, the nucleation rate is improved, and equiaxed grains are formed, the grain is refined, the Al-Mg alloy structure is optimized, and the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg alloy are improved.

[0012] The structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the cost is low. Fine equiaxed grains can be quickly obtained at a low cost, the Al-Mg alloy structure is optimized, and the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg alloy are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only used to further understand the embodiments of the present application and form a part of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings. In the drawings:

[0014] Figure 1 It is a front view of the Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains of the present application.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the solidification state of the metal liquid in the Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains of the present application.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a numerical simulation diagram of the metal liquid filling and solidification in the Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains of the present application.

[0017] Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 It is a numerical simulation diagram of the grain distribution orientation in the Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains of the present application.

[0018] Explanation of reference signs:

[0019] 1 - sprue mold, 11 - round hole sprue, 12 - arc chamfer, 13 - first blind hole, 2 - punch, 3 - die, 4 - base, 41 - second blind hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] As shown in Figure 1 The preparation device for the Al-Mg alloy of the present application for rapidly forming equiaxed grains comprises a sprue mold 1, a punch 2, a die 3, and a base 4. Four through round hole sprues 11 are symmetrically and uniformly arranged at the bottom center of the sprue mold 1. An arc chamfer 12 is formed at the upper part of each round hole sprue 11. A first blind hole 13 is arranged at the bottom center of the sprue mold 1 and opens downward. The die 3 is installed on the base 4. A second blind hole 41 is arranged at the bottom center of the base 4 and opens upward. The punch 2 is installed in the die 3 and between the sprue mold 1 and the base 4. The upper end of the punch 2 protrudes out of the die 3 and is assembled in the first blind hole 13 of the sprue mold 1. The lower end of the punch 2 is assembled in the second blind hole 41 of the base 4.

[0022] Further, in the preparation device for the Al-Mg alloy of the present application for rapidly forming equiaxed grains, the diameter of the round hole sprue 11 is 12 mm, and the radius of the arc chamfer 12 is 5 mm.

[0023] Further, in the preparation device for the Al-Mg alloy of the present application for rapidly forming equiaxed grains, the surface roughness R1 of the punch 2 is set to 25 μm.

[0024] Further, in the preparation device for the Al-Mg alloy of the present application for rapidly forming equiaxed grains, the inner wall surface roughness R2 of the die 3 is set to 25 μm.

[0025] Further, in the preparation device for the Al-Mg alloy of the present application for rapidly forming equiaxed grains, the surface roughness R3 of the bottom upper surface of the base 4 is set to 25 μm.

[0026] Further, in the preparation device for the Al-Mg alloy of the present application for rapidly forming equiaxed grains, the materials of the sprue mold 1, the punch 2, the die 3, and the base 4 are all cast iron with slightly weak cooling capacity.

[0027] The working principle and working process of the Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains of the application are as follows:

[0028] As shown in Figure 2 , the metal liquid enters the mold cavity composed of the male die 2, the female die 3 and the base 4 through the four round-hole sprues 11 in the sprue die 1. Due to the gathering effect of the round-hole sprues 11 on the metal liquid in the sprue die 1, the metal liquid has slightly solidified at the position of the round-hole sprues 11 before entering the mold cavity, that is, the metal liquid has partially nucleated at the round-hole sprues 11. After the metal liquid enters the mold cavity, it contacts the surfaces of the mold walls of the male die 2, the female die 3 and the base 4 to form a chilling layer. Through the chilling effect of the mold walls on the metal liquid, the metal liquid is preferentially cooled and solidified at the mold walls to form nuclei. In addition, the setting of the male die 2 in the female die 3 increases the area of the mold walls, thereby increasing the contact area between the metal liquid and the mold walls of the male die 2 and the female die 3, significantly increasing the nucleation sites in the metal liquid, so that the metal liquid further nucleates in large quantities. Moreover, the surfaces of the male die 2, the inner walls of the female die 3 and the upper surface of the bottom of the base all have a certain roughness, which can further provide a large number of nucleation sites for the grains, so that a large number of crystal nuclei can be formed. In addition, the nucleated crystal nuclei enter the mold cavity under the continuous scouring of the metal liquid, thereby forming equiaxed grains. At the same time, since the materials of the sprue die 1, the male die 2, the female die 3 and the base 4 are all cast iron with slightly weak cooling capacity, the grains will not immediately solidify after nucleation, thereby avoiding the formation of coarse columnar crystals.

[0029] Figure 3 The numerical simulation diagram of the metal liquid filling and solidification in the Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains of the application is shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the metal liquid has slightly solidified at the position of the round-hole sprues 11 before entering the mold cavity, which proves that the metal liquid has partially nucleated at the round-hole sprues 11, and the metal liquid preferentially cools and solidifies at the mold walls of the mold cavity after entering the mold cavity, thereby nucleating.

[0030] Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The numerical simulation diagram of the grain distribution orientation in the Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains of the application is shown in the figure. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the Al-Mg alloy grains are all equiaxed grains. The metal liquid has nucleated at the sprue before entering the mold cavity. After entering the mold cavity, the alloy structure preferentially nucleates on the rough mold walls of the mold cavity. With the pouring of the metal liquid, the nucleated crystal nuclei are scoured into the mold cavity, rapidly forming equiaxed grains and filling the entire mold cavity.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0032] The Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains increases the number of grain nucleuses in the melt, increases the grain nucleation points, improves the nucleation rate, forms equiaxed grains and refines the grains, optimizes the Al-Mg alloy structure, and improves the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg alloy.

[0033] The Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapidly forming equiaxed grains has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, low cost, rapid acquisition of fine equiaxed grains, optimization of the Al-Mg alloy structure, and improvement of the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg alloy.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this document, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or its synonyms should be understood broadly, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be direct connection, can also be indirect connection through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above-mentioned term in the present application according to the specific situation. Moreover, expressions such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. At the same time, the term "includes", "contains" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. In addition, "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down" in this document are referred to the placement state shown in the drawings.

[0035] It should be further noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing an Al-Mg alloy for rapid formation of equiaxed grains, characterized by comprising: The preparation device of the Al-Mg alloy for rapidly forming equiaxed grains comprises a sprue die, a male die, a female die and a base, wherein four through circular-hole sprues are symmetrically and uniformly arranged at the bottom center of the sprue die, a circular-arc chamfer is formed at the upper opening of each circular-hole sprue, and a first blind hole is arranged at the bottom center of the sprue die and opens downward; the female die is installed on the base, a second blind hole is arranged at the bottom center of the base and opens upward, the male die is installed in the female die and between the sprue die and the base, the upper end of the male die protrudes from the female die and is assembled in the first blind hole, and the lower end of the male die is assembled in the second blind hole; the surface of the male die, the inner wall of the female die and the upper surface of the bottom of the base all have a certain roughness to provide a large number of nucleation points for grains.

2. The Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapid formation of equiaxed grains according to claim 1, characterized by, The diameter of the circular-hole sprue is 12 mm, and the radius of the circular-arc chamfer is 5 mm.

3. The Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapid formation of equiaxed grains according to claim 1, characterized by, The surface roughness of the male die is set to 25 μm.

4. The apparatus for preparing an Al-Mg alloy for rapid formation of equiaxed grains according to claim 1, wherein The surface roughness of the inner wall of the female die is set to 25 μm.

5. The apparatus for preparing an Al-Mg alloy for rapid formation of equiaxed grains according to claim 1, wherein The surface roughness of the upper surface of the bottom of the base is set to 25 μm.

6. The Al-Mg alloy preparation device for rapid formation of equiaxed grains according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, The materials of the sprue die, the male die, the female die and the base are cast iron.

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