Folded towards the biomass stove

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a folding biomass stove, which includes a stove body. A pot body is arranged at the top of the stove body. A feed inlet and an observation window are respectively arranged on the side of the stove body, and a slag outlet is arranged at the bottom. A swinging grate is horizontally arranged in the furnace cavity above the slag outlet. An adjustable fixed water-cooled grate is horizontally arranged above the swinging grate. The space between the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate and the swinging grate is configured as a bottom-fire zone. The furnace cavity above the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate is configured as a main combustion zone. A horizontal furnace arch is arranged in the furnace cavity above the main combustion zone. Gasification pre-combustion zones and gasification combustion zones with side connections are respectively formed on the upper and lower sides of the furnace arch, so that the volatile components generated after the thermal decomposition of the biomass bale can flow in a folded manner. Compared with the "direct-through" type furnace cavity, the volatile components can be more fully combusted during the multiple flow processes in the present invention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a biomass combustion furnace, particularly to a deflecting biomass furnace. This biomass furnace can be used for the combustion and utilization of biomass fuels generated in agricultural production such as rice and wheat straws, tree branches, and fruit shells. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are mainly three types of direct combustion furnaces for the combustion and utilization of biomass fuels, namely traditional vibrating grate furnaces, circulating fluidized bed boilers, and straw bale direct combustion boilers. The biomass grate furnace is a traditional vibrating grate furnace. Due to the characteristic of less ash content in biomass fuels, it has the characteristics of high combustion temperature and easy overheating of the grate, and usually a cooling device needs to be set. According to different cooling devices, the biomass grate furnace can be further divided into an air-cooled biomass gasification furnace grate and a water-cooled vibrating grate furnace. From the perspective of current mature applications, the water-cooled vibrating grate furnace accounts for the majority. However, the water-cooled vibrating grate furnace still has the disadvantages of complex structure and high cost. The straw bale direct combustion boiler is a modified version of the chamber combustion furnace specially developed according to the forming characteristics of straw fuel collection, storage, and transportation. This type of furnace has the characteristics of a traditional chamber combustion furnace, and the fuel is burned on the firebed. Only the feeding method and the traveling method of the fuel in the furnace are specially designed and adjusted. In actual production applications of this furnace type, stones or other metal foreign objects in the straw bales can easily cause equipment damage and lead to production stoppage. And the other biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler is a boiler that is adjusted and designed based on the traditional fluidized bed boiler to adapt to the characteristics of biomass fuels. Although this type has strong fuel adaptability and sufficient combustion, the investment in the boiler part is relatively high, and at the same time, it has relatively high requirements for the fuel size, and the fuel length should not exceed 15 cm. Therefore, it is also difficult to be widely promoted on a large scale.

[0003] Thus, it can be seen that the existing biomass furnaces currently all have more or less defects and urgently need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, an object of one aspect of the present invention is to provide a deflecting biomass furnace with a simple structure and capable of fully burning biomass fuels.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a deflecting biomass stove, which includes a stove body. A pot body is arranged at the top of the stove body. A high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged around the pot body. The end of the high-temperature flue gas channel is connected to an induced draft fan for extracting flue gas. Each side of the stove body is provided with a feed inlet and an observation window, and its bottom is provided with a slag outlet. A swinging grate is horizontally arranged in the furnace cavity above the slag outlet. An adjustable fixed water-cooled grate is horizontally arranged above the swinging grate. The structure between the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate and the swinging grate is a bottom fire area. The furnace cavity above the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate is structured as a main combustion area. A horizontal furnace arch is arranged in the furnace cavity above the main combustion area. Gasification pre-combustion areas and gasification combustion areas with side connections are respectively formed on the upper and lower sides of the furnace arch, so that the volatile matter generated after the biomass bale undergoes thermal decomposition can deflect and flow, and is pre-combusted in the gasification pre-combustion area and fully combusted and releases energy in the gasification combustion area. The gasification combustion area is communicated with the high-temperature flue gas channel.

[0006] Preferably, the furnace arch is structured on the inner wall of the stove body on the side opposite to the feed inlet. Correspondingly, the part where the gasification pre-combustion area is communicated with the gasification combustion area is close to the feed inlet.

[0007] Preferably, the stove body includes a first stove body forming the gasification pre-combustion area and the gasification combustion area, and a second stove body forming the main combustion area and the bottom fire area. The horizontal dimension of the furnace arch accounts for 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the horizontal dimension of the first stove body, and the horizontal dimension of the furnace arch is greater than the horizontal dimension of the second stove body.

[0008] Preferably, the furnace arch is inclined upward.

[0009] Preferably, an inner eave is arranged on the side of the feed inlet facing the furnace arch, and a one-way flip door is arranged on the inner eave.

[0010] Preferably, a pre-combustion platform that is inclined downward is extendedly arranged from the feed inlet into the furnace cavity to facilitate the sliding of the biomass bale and its falling into the main combustion area.

[0011] Preferably, a protrusion is structured at the end of the inclined surface of the pre-combustion platform, so that the pre-combusted bale on the pre-combustion platform generally falls on the center of the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate includes a first row of frames and a second row of frames arranged in parallel. On the first row of frames and the second row of frames, parallel sliding grooves are equidistantly arranged respectively, and detachable row pipes are arranged in the sliding grooves.

[0013] Preferably, at least part of the slag outlet is structured as an air inlet channel for natural air to be inhaled.

[0014] Preferably, an air inlet is provided on the furnace body between the slag discharge port and the oscillating grate, and the air inlet is communicated with a blower.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the folding biomass furnace provided by the present invention can directly use biomass bales, such as large bales of straw, and can be directly put into the furnace body through the feeding port for combustion without being crushed. After the biomass bale enters the main combustion zone, it undergoes pre-combustion. In this stage, the biomass bale is preheated and dried to form a pre-combustion bale. Then, the pre-combustion bale falls onto the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate for thermal decomposition to form a thermally decomposed bale. The thermal decomposition stage occurs on the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate in the main combustion zone. The high temperature in the main combustion zone promotes the volatiles to be released in large quantities and rise and flow to the volatile pre-combustion zone above the main combustion zone. Subsequently, the volatiles will be fully combusted in the gasification pre-combustion zone and the gasification combustion zone. In particular, in the present invention, the main combustion zone, the gasification pre-combustion zone, and the gasification combustion zone are of a folding design. Compared with a "through" type furnace cavity, during the multiple flow processes of the volatiles, they can be more fully combusted, avoiding being directly discharged with the high-temperature flue gas without being fully combusted, and greatly improving the combustion efficiency.

[0016] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0017] This application document provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technologies described in the present disclosure, and is not a full disclosure of the entire scope or all features of the disclosed technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the folding biomass furnace of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first adjustment state of the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate of the folding biomass furnace of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the second adjustment state of the grate tubes of the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate of the folding biomass furnace of the present invention.

[0021] MAIN REFERENCE MARKS:

[0022] 1 - Folding biomass furnace; 2 - Boiler; 3 - Induced draft fan; 4 - Blower; 5 - Observation port;

[0023] 11 - Furnace body; 12 - Slag discharge port; 13 - Feeding port; 14 - Pre-combustion platform; 15 - Furnace arch; 16 - Inner eaves; 17 - Loading platform; 18 - Adjustable fixed water-cooled grate; 19 - Oscillating grate;

[0024] 21 - Boiler body; 22 - High-temperature flue gas passage;

[0025] 41 - Air inlet;

[0026] 100 - Biomass bale; 200 - Pre - combustion bale; 300 - Pyrolysis bale; 301 - Bale fragments; 400 - Biomass charcoal slag; 500 - Ash;

[0027] 111 - Bottom fire area; 112 - Main combustion area; 121 - Air inlet passage; 141 - Inclined surface; 142 - Protrusion; 181 - Upper adjustable grate; 182 - Lower adjustable grate;

[0028] 1121 - Gasification pre - combustion area; 1122 - Gasification combustion area; 1811, 1821 - Removable rack pipes; 1812 - First rack; 1813, 1823 - Chutes; 1822 - Second rack. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains. The terms such as "including" or "comprising" used in the present disclosure mean that the elements or items appearing before this word cover the elements or items listed after this word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" do not limit to physical or mechanical connections, and may also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0032] In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, detailed descriptions of known functions and known components are omitted in the present disclosure.

[0033] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a folding biomass furnace 1 provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a furnace body 11. A pot body 2 is provided at the top of the furnace body 11. A high-temperature flue gas channel 22 is arranged around the pot body 21 of the boiler 2. The end of the high-temperature flue gas channel 22 is connected to a induced draft fan 3 for extracting flue gas. Each side of the furnace body 11 is provided with a feed inlet 13 and an observation window 5, and its bottom is provided with a slag discharge port 12. A swinging grate 19 is horizontally arranged in the furnace cavity above the slag discharge port 12. An adjustable fixed water-cooled grate 18 is horizontally arranged above the swinging grate 19. The structure between the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate 18 and the swinging grate 19 is a bottom fire area 111. The furnace cavity above the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate 18 is configured as a main combustion area 112. A horizontal furnace arch 15 is arranged in the furnace cavity above the main combustion area 112. The upper and lower sides of the furnace arch 15 respectively form a gasification pre-combustion area 1121 and a gasification combustion area 1122 that are side-connected, so that the volatile matter generated after the biomass bale 100 undergoes thermal decomposition can be folded and flow. Specifically, reference can be made to Figure 1 the direction indicated by the arrow in. The volatile matter is then pre-combusted in the gasification pre-combustion area 1121 and fully burned and releases energy in the gasification combustion area 1122. The gasification combustion area 1122 is communicated with the high-temperature flue gas channel 22. Further referring to Figure 1 , during the actual operation process, the biomass bale 100 can be fed to the feeding platform 17 outside the feed inlet 13 through a conveyor belt or manually, and then fed into the furnace cavity through a hydraulic pusher device or manually through the feed inlet 13. The feed inlet 13 is roughly located in the middle of the furnace body. When the biomass bale 100 is pushed into the furnace cavity, it is preheated and dried at a relatively high temperature in the middle of the furnace body to form a pre-combustion bale 200. The pre-combustion bale 200 then naturally falls onto the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate 18 and is ignited. On the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate 18, the biomass fuel enters the thermal decomposition stage, and the pre-combustion bale 200 disintegrates into a thermally decomposed bale 300, and a large amount of volatile matter is released. Different from fossil fuels, biomass fuels are high-volatile and low-carbonization fuels, and the average volatile matter content of different types of biomass fuels is as high as 75%-85%. And the volatile matter is the main heat value source. Therefore, the volatile matter precipitated in this link then rises and flows to the gasification pre-combustion area 1121 and the gasification combustion area 1122 to complete combustion. The thermally decomposed bale 300 after thermal decomposition will fall onto the swinging grate 19 to form a biomass carbon slag 400, and the biomass carbon slag 400 will further burn and turn into ash slag 500 and fall into the slag discharge port 12 for discharge. In general applications, at least part of the slag discharge port 12 is configured as an air inlet channel for natural air to be inhaled. Of course, according to different biomass characteristics, an air inlet 41 can also be considered to be arranged on the furnace body between the slag discharge port 12 and the swinging grate 19, and the air inlet 41 is communicated with a blower 4. Figure 1It can be clearly seen that in the present invention, the main combustion zone 112, the gasification pre-combustion zone 1121 and the gasification combustion zone 1122 are designed to be folded, such as Figure 1 As shown, compared with the "straight-through" furnace cavity, the volatiles separated by thermal decomposition may encounter the obstruction of the furnace arch during the rising process, and may make a directional flow, and then perform preliminary combustion in the gasification pre-combustion zone under the furnace arch 15, because it is connected with the gasification pre-combustion zone 1121 and the gasification combustion zone 1122. Therefore, the volatiles then enter the gasification combustion zone 1122 for full combustion after a secondary directional flow. The high-temperature flue gas formed by the heat generated by the fully burned volatiles randomly enters the high-temperature flue gas channel 22, fully heats the pot body 21, and then discharges the residual flue gas. This structure can prevent the unburned parts from being discharged directly with the high-temperature flue gas, greatly improving the combustion efficiency.

[0034] In some typical applications, such as Figure 1 As shown, in order to achieve a better technical effect of directional flow of volatiles, the furnace arch 15 is constructed on the inner wall of the furnace body 11 on the opposite side of the feed port 13, and correspondingly, the connecting part of the gasification pre-combustion zone 1121 and the gasification combustion zone 1122 is close to the feed port 13.

[0035] More specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, the furnace body 11 includes a first furnace body (not marked in the figure) forming the gasification pre-combustion zone 1121 and the gasification combustion zone 1122, and a second furnace body (not marked in the figure) forming the main combustion zone 112 and the bottom fire zone 111. The transverse dimension of the furnace arch 15 accounts for 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the transverse dimension of the first furnace body, and the transverse dimension of the furnace arch 15 is larger than the transverse dimension of the second furnace body. Such a structure can form a clear multiple directional flow of volatiles. If the size of the furnace arch 15 is too small, some volatiles will still rise directly into the high-temperature flue gas channel without sufficient time to burn. Of course, since the furnace arch is set at a close distance from the vertical position of the feed port 13, in order to facilitate the volatiles to flow from the gasification pre-combustion zone 1121 to the gasification combustion zone 1122, the furnace arch 15 can be set slightly tilted upward.

[0036] Based on the same consideration, in order to prevent volatiles from overflowing from the feed port, in the present invention, the feed port 13 is provided with an inner eaves 16 on the side facing the furnace arch 15, and a one-way flip door (not shown in the figure) is provided on the inner eaves 16.

[0037] In other improvements of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, in order to facilitate the sufficient pre-combustion of the biomass bale 100, as an improvement, a pre-combustion platform 14 is extended downwardly and obliquely in the furnace chamber from the feed inlet 13 to facilitate the sliding of the biomass bale 100 and its falling into the main combustion zone 112. And, preferably, a protrusion 142 is formed at the end of the inclined surface 141 of the pre-combustion platform 14 so that the pre-combustion bale 200 on the pre-combustion platform 14 generally falls on the center of the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate 18. Meanwhile, in some applications, the whole inclined surface 141 is made of refractory material and its inclination angle is adjustable. After the pre-combustion bale 200 falling onto the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate 18 is ignited, it enters the pyrolysis stage to form a pyrolysis bale 300. In order to ensure sufficient pyrolysis, in the present invention, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate 18 includes a first row of frames 1812 and a second row of frames 1822 arranged in parallel. On the first row of frames 1812 and the second row of frames 1822, mutually parallel sliding grooves 1813 and sliding grooves 1823 are equidistantly arranged respectively. Removable row pipes 1811 and 1821 are arranged in the sliding grooves 1813 and sliding grooves 1823 respectively.

[0038] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent replacements should also be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Folding biomass stove, comprising a furnace body, a pot body is arranged at the top of the furnace body, a high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged around the pot body, the end of the high-temperature flue gas channel is connected with an induced draft fan for extracting flue gas, a feed inlet and an observation window are respectively arranged on the side of the furnace body, a slag outlet is arranged at the bottom, a swing grate is horizontally arranged in the furnace cavity above the slag outlet, an adjustable fixed water-cooled grate is horizontally arranged above the swing grate, the structure between the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate and the swing grate is a bottom fire area, the furnace cavity above the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate is configured as a main combustion area, a horizontal furnace arch is arranged in the furnace cavity above the main combustion area, gasification combustion areas and gasification pre-combustion areas which are communicated with each other on the side are respectively formed above and below the furnace arch, so that the volatile matter generated after the biomass bale is thermally decomposed can be folded and circulated, and is pre-combusted in the gasification pre-combustion area and fully combusted and releases energy in the gasification combustion area, and the gasification combustion area is communicated with the high-temperature flue gas channel; Among them, The furnace arch is constructed on the inner wall of the furnace body on the side opposite to the feed inlet. Correspondingly, the part where the gasification pre-combustion area is communicated with the gasification combustion area is close to the feed inlet. An inner eaves is arranged on the side of the feed inlet facing the furnace arch, a one-way flip door is arranged on the inner eaves, a pre-combustion platform which is inclined downward is extended into the furnace cavity from the feed inlet for facilitating the sliding of the biomass bale and falling into the main combustion area. A protrusion is constructed at the end of the inclined surface of the pre-combustion platform, so that the pre-combusted bale on the pre-combustion platform generally falls on the center of the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate.

2. The folding biomass stove according to claim 1, wherein the furnace body comprises a first furnace body forming the gasification pre-combustion area and the gasification combustion area, and a second furnace body forming the main combustion area and the bottom fire area. The horizontal dimension of the furnace arch accounts for 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the horizontal dimension of the first furnace body, and the horizontal dimension of the furnace arch is larger than the horizontal dimension of the second furnace body.

3. The folding biomass stove according to claim 2, wherein the furnace arch is inclined upward.

4. The folding biomass stove according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable fixed water-cooled grate comprises a first row frame and a second row frame which are arranged in parallel, parallel sliding grooves are respectively arranged at equal intervals on the first row frame and the second row frame, and detachable row pipes are arranged in the sliding grooves.

5. The folding biomass stove according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the slag outlet is configured as an air inlet channel for sucking natural air.

6. The folding biomass stove according to claim 1, an air inlet is arranged on the furnace body between the slag outlet and the swing grate, and the air inlet is communicated with a blower.

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