Hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device and hopper car

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly and a hopper car, which relate to the field of railway freight cars, comprising: a touch plate, the middle part of which is hinged on a vehicle end partition; a connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to one end of the touch plate, a spring seat being provided on the vehicle end partition, the spring seat being connected to the connecting rod and applying an elastic force to the connecting rod along a first direction; a lock hook assembly being hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, the lock hook assembly comprising a torsion spring, which can cause the lock hook assembly to rotate toward the bottom door; when the connecting rod moves in the first direction, the lock hook assembly can move away from the bottom door; the device for preventing the bottom door from opening unexpectedly is provided with a rotatable touch plate and a lock hook assembly, and during operation, at a different time from the opening and closing of the bottom door, the lock hook assembly locks the bottom door after the bottom door is closed into place, and when the bottom door is opened, the lock hook assembly opens in advance and does not affect the opening of the bottom door, and the locking and opening effects are achieved by the action force of the spring seat and the torsion spring without the need for additional operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of railway freight cars, and more particularly, relates to a device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly and the hopper car. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the K18AK and KM70 series coal hopper cars in use in my country all feature a top-lock bottom door opening and closing mechanism, with over 6,000 cars loaded. This top-lock opening and closing mechanism utilizes a two-stage transmission, enabling simultaneous opening and closing of four bottom doors on either side, and features a two-stage locking mechanism. When the bottom door is opened or closed, the arc surface of the lock body that bears the force of the bottom door is an arc centered at the lock body's rotational center. The bottom door pressure acting on the lock body passes through the lock body's rotational center, so the bottom door pin presses against any point on the arc surface. The lock body and the bottom door pin are in equilibrium, and the lock body will not rotate due to an increase or decrease in the force applied by the bottom door pin. This represents the first-stage locking state.

[0003] In order to ensure reliable locking and prevent the lock body from vibrating and opening automatically when the vehicle is running empty, a connecting rod is designed between the upper and lower drive shafts of the two-stage transmission, which can only be opened after passing the dead point. This locks the lower drive shaft and the lock body in a specified rotation position, forming a secondary locking state.

[0004] After prolonged use, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism of coal hopper cars, including the bottom door and top rod, may deform under the high-intensity forces exerted on them. If the bottom door opening and closing mechanism components are not adjusted at this time, the lock may not lock properly, causing the bottom door to open unexpectedly during loading or heavy-load operation. Because the secondary locking device of the bottom door opening and closing mechanism is still in effect, the upper and lower connecting rods will directly break under the tremendous impact of the bottom door opening.

[0005] At present, there is no convenient and effective safety measure to prevent the bottom door from opening accidentally. Some vehicles have adopted simple measures such as welding baffles on the bottom door and inserting round pins. However, the locking device must be opened or closed manually every time the bottom door is opened or closed. Accidents may easily occur if the operation is wrong. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device and a hopper car. The anti-accidental opening device is provided with a rotatable touch plate and a lock hook assembly. During operation, which is different from the opening and closing of the bottom door, the lock hook assembly locks the bottom door after the bottom door is closed into place. When the bottom door is opened, the lock hook assembly opens in advance without affecting the opening of the bottom door. The locking and opening effects are achieved through the action of the spring seat and the torsion spring without the need for additional operation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly, comprising:

[0008] a touch panel, the middle portion of which is hinged to the vehicle end bulkhead;

[0009] a connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to one end of the touch plate, a spring seat being provided on the vehicle end partition, the spring seat being connected to the connecting rod and applying an elastic force to the connecting rod along a first direction;

[0010] a lock hook assembly hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, the lock hook assembly comprising a torsion spring capable of rotating the lock hook assembly toward the bottom door;

[0011] When the connecting rod moves in the first direction, the lock hook assembly can be moved away from the bottom door.

[0012] Optionally, a long waist hole is provided on the other end of the connecting rod, and the length direction of the long waist hole is the same as the first direction.

[0013] Optionally, the spring seat is provided with a supporting end surface, the connecting rod is provided with a retaining ring, and a compression spring is provided between the supporting end surface and the retaining ring.

[0014] Optionally, the locking hook assembly includes:

[0015] A lock seat, wherein a mounting hole is provided on the lock seat;

[0016] A lock hook, the middle portion of which passes through the mounting hole, the two ends of the lock hook being located outside the two ends of the lock seat, one end of the lock hook being hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, the other end of the lock hook being provided with a clamping portion, the middle portion of the lock hook and the clamping portion being perpendicular to each other, the clamping portion being clamped and engaged with the bottom door, and the torsion spring being sleeved on the middle portion of the lock hook;

[0017] A stopper is arranged on the inner side of the lock seat, and the stopper cooperates with the torsion spring.

[0018] Optionally, a pad is provided on the bottom door, and the pad is semicircular. The clamping portion rotates along the axis of the middle portion of the lock hook, and the inner side of the clamping portion fits with the pad.

[0019] Optionally, a bottom door driving assembly is further included, and the touch plate, the connecting rod and the lock hook assembly are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom door driving assembly.

[0020] Optionally, the bottom door drive assembly includes:

[0021] A double lever is rotatably mounted on the hopper car, with both ends of the double lever being connected to one end of the first push rod and one end of the second push rod respectively;

[0022] Two lock bodies are respectively arranged at the other end of the first push rod and the other end of the second push rod.

[0023] Optionally, the lock body abuts against the other end of the touch plate.

[0024] Optionally, the elastic force of the compression spring is greater than the torsional force of the torsion spring.

[0025] The present invention also provides a hopper car, comprising the above-mentioned hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device.

[0026] The present invention provides a device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly and a hopper car, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device can form a module, with simple production and installation processes and easy inspection and maintenance;

[0028] 2. The hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device serves as a follow-up mechanism, which opens or locks automatically during the opening and closing process of the bottom door. No additional operation is required, and the work efficiency is high;

[0029] 3. The connecting rod in the hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device is connected to the lock hook through a long waist hole, so that the lock hook does not move for a period of time during the rotation of the lock body and remains in the locked state. This travel of the lock body is the safety margin designed for this device, that is, the locking device can still achieve the locking function when the lock body has not reached the fully locked position.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 Left view of .

[0034] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a locking hook assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a bottom door in a locked state according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Figure 5A schematic diagram of a bottom door drive assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown when the lock body is in a critical position.

[0037] Figure 6 Shown Figure 5 An enlarged view of the right side of the lock body.

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the position of the lock body when the bottom door is in a locked state according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the lock hook and the pad when the bottom door is in a locked state according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0040] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the position of the lock body when the bottom door is in an open state according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the lock hook and the pad when the bottom door is in an open state according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1. Touch plate; 2. Connecting rod; 3. Spring seat; 4. Torsion spring; 5. Bottom door; 6. Long waist hole; 7. Support end face; 8. Retaining ring; 9. Compression spring; 10. Lock seat; 11. Lock hook; 12. Clamping part; 13. Block; 14. Spacer; 15. Double lever; 16. First push rod; 17. Second push rod; 18. Lock body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Instead, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0045] The present invention provides a device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly, comprising:

[0046] a touch panel, the middle portion of which is hinged to the vehicle end bulkhead;

[0047] a connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to one end of the touch plate, a spring seat being provided on the vehicle end partition, the spring seat being connected to the connecting rod and applying an elastic force to the connecting rod along a first direction;

[0048] A lock hook assembly is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, and the lock hook assembly includes a torsion spring, which can rotate the lock hook assembly toward the bottom door;

[0049] When the connecting rod moves in the first direction, the lock hook assembly can be moved in a direction away from the bottom door.

[0050] Specifically, in the anti-accidental opening device, the touch plate is hinged on the end partition, and one end of the touch plate drives the connecting rod to move in a first direction. Under the control of the touch plate, the connecting rod can drive the lock hook assembly to adjust the position relationship with the bottom door, so that the lock hook assembly locks and opens the bottom door; when the touch plate does not apply force to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is subjected to the elastic force of the spring seat, which causes the connecting rod to move to the lower end, thereby pushing the lock hook assembly to rotate in the direction away from the bottom door, so that the lock hook assembly is in the open position, and the limit on the bottom door is removed in advance to ensure that the bottom door opens normally; when the touch plate lifts the connecting rod, the connecting rod moves to the upper end and eliminates the elastic force of the spring seat, thereby pushing the lock hook assembly to rotate in the direction close to the bottom door, so that the lock hook assembly is in the locked position, ensuring that the bottom door will not be opened accidentally.

[0051] Optionally, a long waist hole is provided on the other end of the connecting rod, and the length direction of the long waist hole is the same as the first direction.

[0052] Specifically, a long waist hole is provided on the connecting rod between the connecting rod and the lock hook assembly, so that the lock hook assembly does not move for a certain period of time during the rotation of the touch plate. This travel of the touch plate is a safety margin designed for the device, that is, the locking device still works when the touch plate has not reached the fully locked position, and the lock hook assembly will not be driven by the connecting rod to change the position relationship, thereby realizing the locking function.

[0053] Optionally, the spring seat is provided with a supporting end surface, a retaining ring is provided on the connecting rod, and a compression spring is provided between the supporting end surface and the retaining ring.

[0054] Optionally, the elastic force of the compression spring is greater than the torsional force of the torsion spring.

[0055] Specifically, a compression spring is arranged between the spring seat and the connecting rod, so that when the connecting rod is not driven by the touch plate, the compression spring exerts elastic force on the connecting rod under the support of the supporting end surface, causing the connecting rod to move toward the lower end, and the elastic force of the compression spring is greater than the torsional force of the torsion spring in the lock hook assembly, thereby driving the lock hook assembly to rotate away from the bottom door, so that the bottom door has no locking limit and the lock hook assembly is in the open position.

[0056] Optionally, the locking hook assembly includes:

[0057] A lock seat, wherein a mounting hole is provided on the lock seat;

[0058] The lock hook has a middle portion passing through the mounting hole, and both ends of the lock hook are located outside the two ends of the lock seat. One end of the lock hook is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the lock hook is provided with a clamping portion. The middle portion of the lock hook and the clamping portion are perpendicular to each other, and the clamping portion is engaged with the bottom door. The torsion spring is sleeved on the middle portion of the lock hook;

[0059] The stopper is arranged on the inner side of the lock seat and cooperates with the torsion spring.

[0060] The stopper limits the rotation angle of the torsion spring so that the clamping part of the lock hook is on one side of the connecting part of the bottom door, and only needs to limit the movement of the bottom door in the opening direction. In this way, the clamping part of the lock hook only needs to be subjected to force in one direction, thereby reducing the possibility of the lock hook breaking.

[0061] Optionally, a pad is provided on the bottom door, the pad is semicircular, the clamping portion rotates along the axis direction of the middle part of the lock hook, and the inner side of the clamping portion fits with the pad.

[0062] Specifically, a pad with a semicircular cross-section is provided at the bottom of the bottom door, and the lock hook overlaps with it to lock the bottom door; the fitting surface between the lock hook and the pad is an arc with the axis in the middle of the lock hook as the center and the rotation distance as the radius. When the bottom door is opened, the extension line of the direction of the force applied to the lock hook passes through the axis in the middle of the lock hook. Therefore, the force acting on the bottom door is completely borne by the lock hook itself, and the locking is reliable.

[0063] Optionally, a bottom door drive assembly is further included, and the touch plate, connecting rod and lock hook assembly are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom door drive assembly.

[0064] Specifically, on the hopper car, the touch panels at both ends are controlled by the bottom door drive assembly. When the bottom door is switched between the open and locked states, the lock hook assembly can unlock the bottom door in advance and delay locking to prevent accidental opening.

[0065] Optionally, the bottom door drive assembly includes:

[0066] A double lever is rotatably arranged on the hopper car, and both ends of the double lever are respectively connected to one end of the first push rod and one end of the second push rod;

[0067] Two lock bodies are respectively arranged at the other end of the first push rod and the other end of the second push rod.

[0068] Specifically, the top-lock bottom door opening and closing mechanism is opened and closed mainly by rotating the double lever, which drives the two top rods to move. The two top rods are connected to the touch plate through the lock body. When the bottom door needs to be opened, the lock body is rotated clockwise in advance, and the clamping part of the lock hook is separated from the pad of the bottom door, thereby releasing the locked state of the bottom door; when the bottom door needs to be closed, the lock body is rotated counterclockwise after the bottom door is closed, and the clamping part of the lock hook limits the movement direction of the bottom door pad, thereby maintaining the locked state of the bottom door and preventing the bottom door from being opened accidentally.

[0069] Optionally, the lock body abuts against the other end of the touch plate.

[0070] The present invention also provides a hopper car, comprising the above-mentioned hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device.

[0071] Example

[0072] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides a device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly, comprising:

[0073] Touch panel 1, the middle part of which is hinged to the vehicle end partition;

[0074] A connecting rod 2, one end of which is hinged to one end of the touch plate 1, a spring seat 3 is provided on the vehicle end partition, the spring seat 3 is connected to the connecting rod 2, and applies an elastic force to the connecting rod 2 along a first direction;

[0075] The lock hook assembly is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod 2, and the lock hook assembly includes a torsion spring 4, which can rotate the lock hook assembly toward the bottom door 5;

[0076] When the connecting rod 2 moves in the first direction, the lock hook assembly can move away from the bottom door 5.

[0077] In this embodiment, a long waist hole 6 is provided on the other end of the connecting rod 2 , and the length direction of the long waist hole 6 is the same as the first direction.

[0078] In this embodiment, the spring seat 3 is provided with a supporting end surface 7 , a retaining ring 8 is provided on the connecting rod 2 , and a compression spring 9 is provided between the supporting end surface 7 and the retaining ring 8 .

[0079] In this embodiment, the locking hook assembly includes:

[0080] The lock base 10 is provided with a mounting hole;

[0081] The lock hook 11 has a middle portion passing through the mounting hole, and both ends of the lock hook 11 are located outside the two ends of the lock base 10. One end of the lock hook 11 is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod 2, and the other end of the lock hook 11 is provided with a clamping portion 12. The middle portion of the lock hook 11 and the clamping portion 12 are perpendicular to each other, and the clamping portion 12 is clamped and matched with the bottom door 5. The torsion spring 4 is sleeved on the middle portion of the lock hook 11;

[0082] The stopper 13 is arranged on the inner side of the lock seat 10 , and the stopper 13 cooperates with the torsion spring 4 .

[0083] In this embodiment, a pad 14 is provided on the bottom door 5 . The pad 14 is semicircular. The clamping portion 12 rotates along the axis of the middle portion of the lock hook 11 , and the inner side of the clamping portion 12 fits against the pad 14 .

[0084] In this embodiment, a bottom door driving assembly is further included, and the touch panel 1, the connecting rod 2 and the lock hook assembly are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom door driving assembly.

[0085] In this embodiment, the bottom door drive assembly includes:

[0086] A double lever 15 is rotatably mounted on the hopper car, with both ends of the double lever 15 connected to one end of a first push rod 16 and one end of a second push rod 17, respectively;

[0087] Two lock bodies 18 are respectively arranged at the other end of the first push rod 16 and the other end of the second push rod 17.

[0088] In this embodiment, the lock body 18 abuts against the other end of the touch panel 1 .

[0089] In this embodiment, the elastic force of the compression spring 9 is greater than the torsional force of the torsion spring 4 .

[0090] The present invention also provides a hopper car, comprising the above-mentioned hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device.

[0091] In summary, the hopper car bottom door anti-accidental opening device is designed using the movement process characteristics of the top-lock bottom door opening and closing mechanism. When the bottom door 5 is in the open position, the connecting rod 2 is in the open position when not subject to external force. As the lock body 18 rotates counterclockwise to the critical position (A), the bottom door is closed in place, the lock body 18 begins to contact the touch plate 1, and the lock body 18 continues to rotate counterclockwise, pressing the touch plate 1 to rotate clockwise, driving the connecting rod 2 to move upward, the compression spring 9 is squeezed, and the hole connecting the connecting rod 2 and the lock hook 11 is a long waist hole 6. Therefore, the lock hook 11 is no longer subjected to the pressure of the connecting rod 2. Under the torsional force of the torsion spring 4, the lock hook 11 rotates counterclockwise, so that the lock hook 11 is locked. The connecting portion 12 overlaps with the pad 14 of the bottom door 5, so that the bottom door 5 is locked. Due to the existence of the long waist hole 6 of the connecting rod 2, the lock body 18 continues to rotate counterclockwise, and the lock hook 11 no longer moves at this time; when the bottom door 5 needs to be opened, the lock body 18 rotates clockwise (increases from angle α to angle β), and the connecting rod 2 moves downward under the action of the compression spring 9. Due to the existence of the long waist hole 6 of the connecting rod 2, the lock hook 11 does not move, and the lock body 18 continues to rotate clockwise to the critical position. The connecting rod 2 drives the lock hook 11 to rotate clockwise, and the clamping portion 12 of the lock hook 11 disengages from the pad 14 of the bottom door 5. The lock body 18 continues to rotate clockwise, and the bottom door 5 is fully opened under the action of its own gravity and the pressure of the cargo.

[0092] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly, characterized in that: include: a touch panel, the middle portion of which is hinged to the vehicle end bulkhead; a connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to one end of the touch plate, a spring seat being provided on the vehicle end partition, the spring seat being connected to the connecting rod and applying an elastic force to the connecting rod along a first direction; a lock hook assembly hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, the lock hook assembly comprising a torsion spring capable of rotating the lock hook assembly toward the bottom door; When the connecting rod moves in the first direction, the lock hook assembly can be moved away from the bottom door; The locking hook assembly comprises: A lock seat, wherein a mounting hole is provided on the lock seat; A lock hook, the middle portion of which passes through the mounting hole, the two ends of which are located outside the two ends of the lock seat, one end of the lock hook is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, the other end of the lock hook is provided with a clamping portion, the middle portion of the lock hook and the clamping portion are perpendicular to each other, the clamping portion is clamped and matched with the bottom door, and the torsion spring is sleeved on the middle portion of the lock hook; a stopper, disposed on the inner side of the lock seat, the stopper cooperating with the torsion spring; A cushion block is provided on the bottom door, and the cushion block is semicircular. The clamping portion rotates along the axis direction of the middle part of the lock hook, and the inner side of the clamping portion fits with the cushion block.

2. The device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A long waist hole is provided on the other end of the connecting rod, and the length direction of the long waist hole is the same as the first direction.

3. The device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring seat is provided with a supporting end surface, the connecting rod is provided with a retaining ring, and a compression spring is provided between the supporting end surface and the retaining ring.

4. The device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bottom door driving assembly, and the touch plate, the connecting rod and the lock hook assembly are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom door driving assembly.

5. The device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom door drive assembly includes: A double lever is rotatably mounted on the hopper car, with both ends of the double lever being connected to one end of the first push rod and one end of the second push rod respectively; Two lock bodies are respectively arranged at the other end of the first push rod and the other end of the second push rod.

6. The device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lock body abuts against the other end of the touch plate.

7. The device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic force of the compression spring is greater than the torsional force of the torsion spring.

8. A hopper car, characterized in that: It comprises the device for preventing the bottom door of a hopper car from opening unexpectedly according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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