Device and method for preventing coal bunker discharge port from being blocked

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for preventing clogging of a coal bunker discharge port. The device comprises a silo having a fixed cylinder and a shield disposed inside the silo, the shield being movably mounted in the middle of the fixed cylinder via a first U-shaped rod; a hydraulic rod being rotatably mounted on the side wall of the silo, a first gear being fixed to the main body of the hydraulic rod, and a tooth groove being provided on the first U-shaped rod for cooperating with the first gear; an output shaft of the hydraulic rod being connected to a spring via a rotating block, a first transmission rod being mounted in the middle of the rotating block, the first transmission rod being connected to a stirring shaft via second and third transmission rods; the hydraulic rod driving the spring to rotate, the spring driving the first transmission rod to rotate, and the first transmission rod driving the stirring shaft to rotate via second and third transmission rods. The present invention utilizes the weight of the coal itself to increase the deformation of the spring, and utilizes a crossbar on the stirring shaft to disperse the coal, thereby preventing clogging of the coal bunker and allowing for smooth coal discharge from the coal bunker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal bunkers, and in particular to a device and method for preventing a coal bunker discharge port from being blocked. Background Art

[0002] In real life, coal quality varies. Good-quality coal burns efficiently but is expensive, while poor-quality coal burns incompletely but is cheap. Therefore, to lower coal prices while ensuring availability, high-quality coal needs to be mixed with poor-quality coal. Coal is stored in a bunker, fed in from the top and discharged from the bottom. To control the amount of coal discharged from the bunker, the bottom of the bunker is typically conical, with a relatively small discharge port. This port can easily become clogged during coal unloading, impacting coal blending efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device and method for preventing the coal bunker discharge port from being blocked, thereby ensuring smooth coal bunker discharge.

[0004] To this end, the technical solution of the present invention is: a device for preventing the coal bunker discharge port from being blocked, comprising a silo and a mounting frame, the silo being fixed to the mounting frame; a fixed cylinder and a shutter are provided inside the silo, the fixed cylinder being provided with a first sliding hole, and the shutter being movably mounted in the middle of the fixed cylinder via a first U-shaped rod; a hydraulic rod is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the silo, the hydraulic rod body extending into the first sliding hole, and a first gear is fixed to the hydraulic rod body, and the first U-shaped rod is provided with a tooth groove that cooperates with the first gear; the output shaft of the hydraulic rod is connected to a spring spring through a rotating block, and a first transmission rod is mounted in the middle of the rotating block; a second transmission rod is vertically arranged outside the silo, the top of the second transmission rod is connected to the first transmission rod via a first bevel gear set, and the bottom of the second transmission rod is connected to a third transmission rod via a second bevel gear set, and the third transmission rod extends into the silo and is connected to a stirring shaft; during the downward movement of the shutter, the spring spring can be driven to rotate by the hydraulic rod; the spring spring can drive the first transmission rod to rotate, and the first transmission rod drives the stirring shaft to rotate via the second and third transmission rods.

[0005] Preferably, the baffle is disc-shaped and is rotatably mounted on a movable ring; a first U-shaped rod is fixed on the left and right sides of the movable ring, and a second U-shaped rod is fixed on the front and rear sides; a first sliding hole is provided on the left and right sides of the fixed cylinder, and a second sliding hole is provided on the front and rear sides, the first U-shaped rod is inserted into the first sliding hole, the second U-shaped rod is inserted into the second sliding hole, and a first spring is provided in the second sliding hole.

[0006] Preferably, a support plate is provided on one side below the movable ring, and a limit block is provided on the other side; a rotating shaft is provided on the support plate, one side of the shield plate is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a rotating wheel and a second gear are fixed on the side of the rotating shaft; a card slot is provided on the side of the limit block facing the shield plate, and a first receiving hole is provided on the side of the shield plate facing the limit block, a second spring is fixed in the first receiving hole, a first card block is fixed on the second spring, and the first card block can be inserted into the card slot; a threading hole is provided inside the shield plate, one end of the first pull rope is fixed on the first card block, and the other end passes through the threading hole and is wrapped around the rotating wheel; a rack is fixed on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and the rack cooperates with the second gear.

[0007] Preferably, a fourth receiving hole is provided on the rotating shaft, a fourth spring is fixed in the fourth receiving hole, and a fourth clamping block is fixed to the other end of the fourth spring; a first ratchet groove is provided on the inner side wall of the second gear, and the fourth clamping block works in cooperation with the first ratchet groove; the rotating wheel is fixedly connected to the second gear.

[0008] Preferably, hydraulic rods are rotatably installed on the left and right side walls of the silo, the output shaft of the hydraulic rod is slidably connected to the first rotating block, the outer side wall of the first rotating block is rotatably connected to the annular second rotating block, and the two are coaxially arranged; the outer side wall of the second rotating block is fixed with a clockwork spring, the other end of the clockwork spring is fixed on the silo; the first transmission rod is installed in the middle of the second rotating block.

[0009] Preferably, a second receiving hole is provided on the outer side wall of the first rotating block, a third spring is fixed in the second receiving hole, and a second clamping block is fixed to the other end of the third spring; a second pull rope is fixed to the output shaft of the hydraulic rod, and the other end of the second pull rope is fixed to the second clamping block; a second ratchet groove is provided on the inner side wall of the second rotating block, and the second clamping block works in cooperation with the second ratchet groove.

[0010] Preferably, the first transmission rod is located on the side of the second rotating block away from the hydraulic rod, and a third receiving hole is provided on the first transmission rod, a fifth spring is fixed in the third receiving hole, and a third clamping block is fixed to the other end of the fifth spring; the second rotating block is provided with a third ratchet groove on the inner side facing the first transmission rod, the third clamping block works in cooperation with the third ratchet groove, and the inclination directions of the ratchets in the second ratchet groove and the third ratchet groove are opposite.

[0011] Preferably, a through hole is provided at the bottom of the left and right sides of the silo, and a third transmission rod is rotatably installed in each through hole. The two third transmission rods drive the stirring shaft to rotate through the third bevel gear set, and a plurality of cross bars are provided on the stirring shaft.

[0012] Another technical solution of the present invention is: a method for preventing the coal bunker discharge port from being blocked, using the above-mentioned device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] 1) After coal enters the coal bunker, it falls onto the shield. As the coal accumulates, the shield descends, carrying the first and second U-shaped rods. The second U-shaped rod presses down on the first spring. The tooth grooves in the first U-shaped rod drive the first gear to rotate, which in turn drives the hydraulic rod. The hydraulic rod drives the first and second rotating blocks to rotate, and the second rotating block deforms the spring.

[0014] 2) When the shield descends to the rack, the rack drives the second gear and the rotating wheel to rotate. The rotating wheel winds around the first pull rope, which drives the first clamping block out of the clamping slot. At the same time, the second gear drives the shield downward through the rotating shaft, and the coal automatically falls under the shield;

[0015] 3) When the coal leaves the shield, the first spring drives the shield upward and resets. During this upward movement, the rack drives the second gear and the rotating wheel to rotate in opposite directions. The second gear drives the shield upward via the rotating shaft, and the rotating wheel releases the first pull rope. The first clamping block is inserted back into the clamping slot under the action of the second spring. The shield returns to its original position and continues to accumulate coal.

[0016] 4) When dispensing coal, the hydraulic rod is started, and the hydraulic rod pulls the second clamping block through the second pull rope, so that the second rotating block is disengaged from the brake of the second clamping block; the clockwork spring drives the second rotating block to reverse, and the second rotating block drives the first transmission rod to rotate, and the first transmission rod drives the second transmission rod and the third transmission rod to rotate, and the third transmission rod drives the stirring shaft to rotate, and the coal is discharged smoothly from the discharge port at the bottom of the coal bunker.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the weight of the coal itself is used to increase the deformation of the clockwork spring, and the deformation of each time coal is added can be accumulated; when blending coal, the deformation of the clockwork spring is released instantly, and the stirring shaft is driven to rotate through each transmission rod, and the cross bar on the stirring shaft is used to break up the coal to prevent the coal bin from being blocked. The coal bin can be discharged smoothly, which facilitates the precise coal blending process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coal bunker in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the coal bunker in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed cylinder in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the fixed cylinder in the left and right directions of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the shutter opening state in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the fixed cylinder in the front-to-back direction of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second rotating block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of

[0028] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the shield and the movable ring in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A partial enlarged view of

[0030] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft and the second gear in the present invention.

[0031] The following are marked in the figure: silo 1, mounting frame 2;

[0032] Fixed cylinder 3, first sliding hole 31, second sliding hole 32, rack 33;

[0033] Shield 4, support plate 41, limit block 42, rotating shaft 43, rotating wheel 44, second gear 45, clamping slot 46, first receiving hole 47, second spring 48, first clamping block 49, threading hole 410, first pull rope 411, fourth receiving hole 412, fourth spring 413, fourth clamping block 414, first ratchet groove 415;

[0034] Moving ring 5, first U-shaped rod 51, second U-shaped rod 52, first spring 53, tooth groove 54;

[0035] Hydraulic rod 6, first gear 60, first rotating block 61, second rotating block 62, spring 63, second receiving hole 64, third spring 65, second clamping block 66, second pull rope 67, second ratchet groove 68, third ratchet groove 69;

[0036] First transmission rod 71, third receiving hole 72, fifth spring 73, third clamping block 74;

[0037] Second transmission rod 81, first bevel gear set 82, third transmission rod 83, second bevel gear set 84, third bevel gear set 85;

[0038] Stirring shaft 9, cross bar 91, and protective cover 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for directional words, such as the terms "center", "horizontal (X)", "longitudinal (Y)", "vertical (Z)", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like, indicating directions and positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and cannot be understood as limiting the specific scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features. Therefore, the terms "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly refer to one or more of these features. Throughout the description of the present invention, "several" and "a number" mean two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0041] See the accompanying drawings. The device for preventing the coal bunker discharge port from clogging described in this embodiment comprises a silo 1 and a mounting frame 2, with the silo 1 fixed to the mounting frame 2. A fixed cylinder 3 and a shield 4 are provided within the silo 1. The fixed cylinder 3 has first sliding holes 31 on its left and right sides, and second sliding holes 32 on its front and rear sides. The shield 4 is disc-shaped and rotatably mounted on a movable ring 5. The movable ring 5 has first U-shaped rods 51 fixed to its left and right sides, and second U-shaped rods 52 fixed to its front and rear sides. The first U-shaped rod 51 is inserted into the first sliding hole 31, and the second U-shaped rod 52 is inserted into the second sliding hole 32. A first spring 53 is provided within the second sliding hole 52, which can reset the shield 4.

[0042] A support plate 41 is provided on one side below the movable ring 5, and a limit block 42 is provided on the other side; a rotating shaft 43 is provided on the support plate 42, and one side of the shield 4 is fixed on the rotating shaft 43, and a rotating wheel 44 and a second gear 45 are fixed on the side of the rotating shaft 43; a card slot 46 is provided on the side of the limit block 42 facing the shield, and a first receiving hole 47 is provided on the side of the shield 4 facing the limit block, a second spring 48 is fixed in the first receiving hole 47, and a first card block 49 is fixed on the second spring 48, and the first card block 49 can be inserted into the card slot 46; a threading hole 410 is provided through the inside of the shield 4, and one end of the first pull rope 411 is fixed on the first card block 49, and the other end passes through the threading hole 410 and is wound around the rotating wheel 44; a rack 33 is fixed on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 3, and the rack 33 works in conjunction with the second gear 45.

[0043] The rotating shaft 43 is provided with a fourth receiving hole 412, and a fourth spring 413 is fixed in the fourth receiving hole 412, and the other end of the fourth spring 413 is fixed with a fourth clamping block 414; the inner side wall of the second gear 45 is provided with a first ratchet groove 415, and the fourth clamping block 414 works in conjunction with the first ratchet groove 415; the rotating wheel 44 is fixedly connected to the second gear 45.

[0044] In the initial state, the first block 49 on the side of the baffle 4 is inserted into the slot 46, and the baffle remains horizontal; after the coal enters the coal bin, it falls on the baffle 4. As the coal accumulates, the weight of the coal is greater than the elastic force of the first spring 53, and the baffle 4 is pressed down by the coal, moving the first U-shaped rod 51 and the second U-shaped rod 52 downward.

[0045] When the baffle 4 moves to the position of the rack 33 in the fixed cylinder, the rack 33 and the second gear 45 engage with each other, and the baffle 4 and the rack 33 are relatively displaced. The rack 33 drives the second gear 45 to rotate. Since the runner is fixedly connected to the second gear, the runner 44 is driven to start winding the first pull rope 411. The other end of the first pull rope 411 pulls the first block 49, so that the first block 49 leaves the slot 46 of the limit block, releasing the limit on the baffle; at the same time, the second gear 45 drives the baffle 4 to deflect downward through the rotating shaft 43, so that the coal automatically falls under the baffle.

[0046] When the coal leaves the baffle 4, the previously compressed first spring 53 is released, and the baffle 4 is driven to move up and reset through the second U-shaped rod 52; during the upward movement, the baffle 4 and the rack 33 are displaced in the opposite direction, and the rack 33 drives the second gear 45 and the rotating wheel 44 to rotate in the opposite direction; the second gear 45 drives the baffle 4 to rotate upward through the rotating shaft 43, and the rotating wheel releases the first pull rope 411, and the first clamping block 49 is inserted back into the clamping slot 46 under the action of the second spring 48; the baffle returns to its original position and continues to accumulate coal.

[0047] A hydraulic rod 6 is rotatably installed on the left and right side walls of the silo 1. The main body of the hydraulic rod extends into the first sliding hole, and a first gear 60 is fixed to the main body of the hydraulic rod 6. The first U-shaped rod 51 is provided with a tooth groove 54 that cooperates with the first gear 60; the output shaft of the hydraulic rod 6 is slidably connected to the first rotating block 61, and the outer side wall of the first rotating block 61 is rotatably connected to the annular second rotating block 62, and the two are coaxially arranged; a second receiving hole 64 is opened on the outer side wall of the first rotating block 61, and a third spring 65 is fixed in the second receiving hole 64, and the other end of the third spring 65 is fixed to a second clamping block 66; the output shaft of the hydraulic rod 6 is fixed with a second pull rope 67, and the other end of the second pull rope 67 is fixed on the second clamping block 66; the inner side wall of the second rotating block 62 is provided with a second ratchet groove 68, and the second clamping block 66 works in conjunction with the second ratchet groove 68.

[0048] A spring 63 is fixed to the outer wall of the second rotating block 62, the other end of which is fixed to the protective cover 10, which is fixed to the silo. A first transmission rod 71 is installed in the middle of the second rotating block 62. The first transmission rod 71 is located on the side of the second rotating block 62 facing away from the hydraulic rod 6. The first transmission rod 71 is provided with a third receiving hole 72, in which a fifth spring 73 is fixed. The other end of the fifth spring 73 is fixed to a third clamping block 74. The second rotating block 62 is provided with a third ratchet groove 69 on the inner side facing the first transmission rod. The third clamping block 74 cooperates with the third ratchet groove 69, and the ratchet teeth in the second ratchet groove 68 and the third ratchet groove 69 are inclined in opposite directions.

[0049] A vertically arranged second transmission rod 81 is provided on the outside of the left and right sides of the silo 1. The top of the second transmission rod 81 is connected to the first transmission rod 71 through a first bevel gear set 82. A through hole is provided on the bottom of the left and right sides of the silo 1. A third transmission rod 83 is rotatably installed in each through hole. The bottom of the second transmission rod 81 is connected to the third transmission rod 83 through a second bevel gear set 84. The two third transmission rods 83 drive the stirring shaft 9 to rotate through the third bevel gear set 85. A plurality of cross bars 91 are provided on the stirring shaft 9.

[0050] As the shield moves downward under the weight of the coal, the tooth groove 54 on the first U-shaped rod 51 cooperates with the first gear 60 to rotate the first gear 60, thereby driving the entire hydraulic rod 6 to rotate. The hydraulic rod then drives the first rotating block 61 to rotate. The second clamping block 66 on the first rotating block 61 cooperates with the second ratchet groove 68 on the inner wall of the second rotating block 62, thereby driving the second rotating block 62 to rotate. Simultaneously, the second rotating block 62 rotates the spring 63, increasing the deformation of the spring 63. As the shield moves downward again and again, the deformation of the spring 63 gradually increases. However, at this time, the second clamping block 66 is stuck in the second ratchet groove 68, so the spring 63 cannot apply force.

[0051] When the coal bunker needs to be discharged, the output shaft of the hydraulic rod 6 pulls the second pull rope 67, so that the second clamping block 66 leaves the second ratchet groove 68, so that the second rotating block 62 is no longer braked; the clockwork spring 63 drives the second rotating block 62 to reverse, and the second rotating block 62 drives the first transmission rod 71 to rotate, and the first transmission rod 71 drives the second transmission rod 81 through the first bevel gear set 82, and the second transmission rod 81 drives the third transmission rod 83 to rotate through the second bevel gear set 84, and the third transmission rod 83 drives the stirring shaft 9 to rotate, and the coal is smoothly discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the coal bunker.

[0052] When this embodiment is used, the following steps are included:

[0053] 1) After coal enters the coal bunker, it falls onto the shield 4. As the coal accumulates, the shield descends, carrying the first U-shaped rod 51 and the second U-shaped rod 52 with it. The second U-shaped rod 52 presses down on the first spring 53. The tooth groove 54 in the first U-shaped rod 51 drives the first gear 60 to rotate. The first gear 60 drives the hydraulic rod 6 to rotate. The hydraulic rod 6 drives the first rotating block 61 and the second rotating block 62 to rotate. The second rotating block 62 deforms the spring 63.

[0054] 2) When the shield 4 descends to the rack 33, the rack 33 drives the second gear 45 and the rotating wheel 44 to rotate. The rotating wheel 44 is wound around the first pull rope 411. The first pull rope 411 drives the first clamping block 49 to leave the clamping slot 46. At the same time, the second gear 45 drives the shield 4 to rotate downward through the rotating shaft 43, and the coal automatically falls under the shield;

[0055] 3) When the coal leaves the shield 4, the first spring 53 drives the shield 4 upward and resets. During this upward movement, the rack 33 drives the second gear 45 and the rotating wheel 44 to rotate in opposite directions. The second gear 45 drives the shield 4 upward via the rotating shaft 43. The rotating wheel releases the first pull rope 411, and the first clamping block 49 is inserted back into the clamping slot 46 under the action of the second spring 48. The shield returns to its original position and coal accumulation continues.

[0056] 4) When dispensing coal, the hydraulic rod 6 is started, and the hydraulic rod 6 pulls the second clamping block 66 through the second pull rope 67, so that the second rotating block 62 is disengaged from the brake of the second clamping block 66; the clockwork spring 63 drives the second rotating block 62 to reverse, and the second rotating block 62 drives the first transmission rod 71 to rotate, and the first transmission rod 71 drives the second transmission rod 81 and the third transmission rod 83 to rotate, and the third transmission rod 83 drives the stirring shaft 9 to rotate, and the coal is discharged smoothly from the discharge port at the bottom of the coal bunker to avoid blockage problems.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing the coal bunker discharge port from being blocked, characterized in that: The cam is fixed to the lifting post by the spring, and the cam is fixed on the lifting post with the first end in the cam and the second end in the cam. The shield is disc-shaped and rotatably mounted on a movable ring; a first U-shaped rod is fixed to the left and right sides of the movable ring, and a second U-shaped rod is fixed to the front and rear sides; a first sliding hole is provided on the left and right sides of the fixed cylinder, and a second sliding hole is provided on the front and rear sides, the first U-shaped rod is inserted into the first sliding hole, the second U-shaped rod is inserted into the second sliding hole, and a first spring is provided in the second sliding hole; A support plate is provided on one side below the movable ring, and a limit block is provided on the other side; a rotating shaft is provided on the support plate, one side of the shield plate is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a rotating wheel and a second gear are fixed on the side of the rotating shaft; a card slot is provided on the side of the limit block facing the shield plate, and a first receiving hole is provided on the side of the shield plate facing the limit block, a second spring is fixed in the first receiving hole, a first card block is fixed on the second spring, and the first card block can be inserted into the card slot; a threading hole is provided through the inside of the shield plate, one end of the first pull rope is fixed on the first card block, and the other end passes through the threading hole and is wound around the rotating wheel; a rack is fixed on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and the rack works in coordination with the second gear; A hydraulic rod is rotatably mounted on both the left and right side walls of the silo, the output shaft of the hydraulic rod is slidably connected to a first rotating block, the outer side wall of the first rotating block is rotatably connected to a ring-shaped second rotating block, and the two are coaxially arranged; a clockwork spring is fixed to the outer side wall of the second rotating block, the other end of the clockwork spring is fixed to the silo; a first transmission rod is installed in the middle of the second rotating block; A second receiving hole is formed on the outer side wall of the first rotating block, a third spring is fixed in the second receiving hole, and a second clamping block is fixed to the other end of the third spring; a second pull rope is fixed to the output shaft of the hydraulic rod, and the other end of the second pull rope is fixed to the second clamping block; a second ratchet groove is formed on the inner side wall of the second rotating block, and the second clamping block cooperates with the second ratchet groove; The first transmission rod is located on the side of the second rotating block away from the hydraulic rod, and a third receiving hole is provided on the first transmission rod, in which a fifth spring is fixed, and a third clamping block is fixed at the other end of the fifth spring; the second rotating block is provided with a third ratchet groove on the inner side facing the first transmission rod, and the third clamping block works in cooperation with the third ratchet groove, and the inclination directions of the ratchets in the second ratchet groove and the third ratchet groove are opposite.

2. A device for preventing the coal bunker discharge port from being blocked as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A fourth receiving hole is provided on the rotating shaft, a fourth spring is fixed in the fourth receiving hole, and a fourth clamping block is fixed to the other end of the fourth spring; a first ratchet groove is provided on the inner side wall of the second gear, and the fourth clamping block cooperates with the first ratchet groove; the rotating wheel is fixedly connected to the second gear.

3. The device for preventing the coal bunker discharge port from being blocked according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is provided at the bottom of the left and right sides of the silo, and a third transmission rod is rotatably installed in each through hole. The two third transmission rods drive the stirring shaft to rotate through the third bevel gear set, and a plurality of cross bars are provided on the stirring shaft.

4. A method for preventing a coal bunker discharge port from being blocked, using the device for preventing a coal bunker discharge port from being blocked according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) After coal enters the coal bunker, it falls onto the shield. As the coal accumulates, the shield descends, pulling the first and second U-shaped rods downward. The second U-shaped rod presses down on the first spring. The teeth in the first U-shaped rod rotate the first gear, which in turn rotates the hydraulic rod. The hydraulic rod rotates the first and second rotating blocks, which in turn deforms the spring. 2) When the shield descends to the rack, the rack drives the second gear and the rotating wheel to rotate. The rotating wheel winds around the first pull rope, which drives the first clamping block out of the clamping slot. At the same time, the second gear drives the shield downward through the rotating shaft, and the coal automatically falls under the shield. 3) When the coal leaves the shield, the first spring drives the shield upward and resets. During this upward movement, the rack drives the second gear and the rotating wheel to rotate in opposite directions. The second gear drives the shield upward via the rotating shaft, and the rotating wheel releases the first pull rope. The first clamping block is inserted back into the clamping slot under the action of the second spring. The shield returns to its original position and continues to accumulate coal. 4) When dispensing coal, the hydraulic rod is started, and the hydraulic rod pulls the second clamping block through the second pull rope, so that the second rotating block is disengaged from the brake of the second clamping block; the clockwork spring drives the second rotating block to reverse, and the second rotating block drives the first transmission rod to rotate, and the first transmission rod drives the second transmission rod and the third transmission rod to rotate, and the third transmission rod drives the stirring shaft to rotate, and the coal is discharged smoothly from the discharge port at the bottom of the coal bunker.

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