Vehicle door with handle assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle door (1) with a handle assembly (2), wherein the vehicle door (1) comprises at least: - a door support structure (3); and - a weather strip (8) arranged at the top of the door support structure (3), wherein the handle assembly (2) is arranged movable, in particular pivotable, at the weather strip (8) and comprises a handle element (9) which is graspable at the outside of the vehicle door (1), and wherein the handle element (9) is designed as a device which is steerable in at least one direction (R1, R2) for actively actuating at least two switching functions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a vehicle door having a handle assembly and to a vehicle having a vehicle door. BACKGROUND

[0002] Door handles for vehicle doors are generally known and are used, for example, in motor vehicles to make it possible to unlock the vehicle without a key. The sensors of these door handles are designed in the form of capacitive proximity switches, i.e. they measure the capacitance between an active electrode and a ground potential. SUMMARY

[0003] It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle door having a handle assembly which can be easily assembled and having improved functionality. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle having such a vehicle door with an improved handle.

[0004] The object of the present invention in respect of a vehicle door is achieved by the features of claim 1. The object of the present invention in respect of a vehicle door is achieved by the features of claim 12.

[0005] Advantageous refinements of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0006] The vehicle door according to the invention comprises at least a handle assembly, a door support structure and a press strip, which is arranged at the top of the door support structure, wherein the handle assembly is arranged to be movable, in particular pivotable, at the press strip, or to be movable in translation, for example pushable or slidable, and comprises a handle element, which is graspable at the outside of the vehicle door, and wherein the handle element is designed as a device which is steerable in at least one direction to actively steer at least two switching functions.

[0007] Preferably, the handle element is steerable in at least two directions to actively steer at least two or more switching functions.

[0008] According to the vehicle door, the vehicle door can also have a vehicle frame, which is adjacent to the door support structure.

[0009] The advantages achieved with the invention are in particular that a vehicle door having such a multifunctional handle element requires fewer components and can be easily and cost-effectively manufactured. Furthermore, such a multifunctional handle element with fewer components requires less installation space. Furthermore, if the handle assembly is arranged at the press strip in the door body, a conventional recessed handle is not required. Thereby, a flush design is achieved in a simple and cost-effective manner compared to conventional cost-intensive extendable handle systems.

[0010] In a possible embodiment, the handle assembly comprises a handle support comprising a fixed support portion which is connected with the door support structure and a movable support portion at which the handle element is arranged to be form- and / or force-locked. The movable support portion and the handle element are rotationally fixedly connected with each other. The movable support portion is movably, in particular rotationally or linearly movably, in particular pushably or slidably, mounted at the fixed support portion. The rotational axis of the movable support portion corresponds to the rotational axis of the handle element.

[0011] By means of the movable support portion, the handle element which is fastened at the movable support portion can be moved in one or different directions. Thus, several switching points or switching functions can be generated. Thus, for example, the locking of the lock of the vehicle door and / or of the vehicle can be switched by means of a pressure acting on the handle element. The unlocking of the lock of the vehicle door and / or of the vehicle can be switched by means of a pulling force acting on the handle element.

[0012] Additionally, the handle element itself and its assembly can be adapted at the movable support portion such that different sizes of the manipulation forces acting on the handle element correspondingly generate different switching functions or switching points. Thus, force thresholds can be predefined or predetermined for different sizes of the manipulation forces, which force thresholds generate or trigger different switching functions or switching points. For example, a low force at the handle element can cause a locking of the lock and a high force at the handle element can cause a double locking of the lock. Additionally or alternatively, the displacement speed of the displaceable vehicle door can be adjusted in correspondence with the manipulation force acting on the handle element. For example, a higher manipulation force can cause an increase of the displacement speed and a lower manipulation force can cause a decrease of the displacement speed.

[0013] In a possible embodiment, the handle element is articulated at the handle support. For example, the rotational axis of the handle element is arranged in the region of the handle support or of the weather strip. In particular, the handle support is arranged in a cavity of the door support structure, in particular in a cavity between the inner door skin and the outer door skin. By such an arrangement of the rotational joint for the handle element at a built-in handle support, the displacement mechanism of the handle element is arranged to be protected, in particular against mechanical stresses and against contamination.

[0014] A further aspect provides that the handle support is provided with a sensor comprising a first metal surface and a second metal surface arranged at a distance from the first metal surface, which second metal surface is movable in the direction of the first metal surface, and an electronic unit by means of which a change in capacitance or inductance caused by a change in the distance between the metal surfaces can be detected. The distance between the first metal surface and the second metal surface can be in the range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, for example 1 mm or 1.5 mm. In particular, the second metal surface is arranged at the handle element and / or at the movable support portion. Therein, a minimum movement, in particular a pivoting, between the handle element and the movable support portion, which is initiated by touching the handle element, already results in a corresponding rotation of the second metal surface relative to the first metal surface. The resulting change in the distance between the two metal surfaces results in a corresponding change in capacitance or inductance, which can be detected by means of the electronic unit. The space between the metal surfaces is preferably provided with a dielectric, for example a gas, in particular air, and / or an elastically deformable solid (for example a plastic foam or the like).

[0015] For example, the first metal surface is arranged at the fixed support portion and the second metal surface is arranged at the movable support portion. The second metal surface, for example a metal strip or a thin metal sheet, is arranged, in particular fastened, for example glued or welded, on a side of the movable support portion. On the opposite side of the movable support portion, the handle element is arranged. The manipulation, in particular the pivoting, of the handle element causes a corresponding movement, in particular a pivoting, of the movable support portion and therewith a movement of the second metal surface relative to the first metal surface. In particular, the handle element is displaceable, in particular rotatable displaceable, in particular pivotable, or translatable displaceable, in particular pushable or slidable, between a first opening movement away from the vehicle door and a second opening movement directed towards the vehicle door. Therein, the sensor is adapted such that in particular a minimum movement of the handle element, for example a movement in the range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, is detected as an opening movement.

[0016] Furthermore, the electronic unit is designed to trigger a first predetermined or programmable switch function or action, such as unlocking one or all doors of the vehicle, upon detection of the first switch movement, and to trigger a second predetermined or programmable switch function or action, such as locking the door or all doors of the vehicle, in particular an electronic lock of the door, upon detection of the second switch movement. Additionally, the electronic unit can be designed to trigger a further switch function, such as changing the speed of the displacement movement of a sliding door or activating or deactivating a drive system, upon exceeding a predetermined threshold value of the detected change in capacitance or inductance, for example in the case of an automatic sliding door of the vehicle. Furthermore, by means of such a parameterizable switch function by means of a predetermined threshold value of the detected change in capacitance or inductance, the haptics at the handle element, in particular the actuating force required to trigger the switch function, can be parameterized. It is thereby possible to parameterize a lower actuating force for triggering the switch function.

[0017] A further aspect provides that the pressure strip comprises a substantially vertically protruding support strip, the handle assembly being arranged to interlock and / or force-lock on the support strip and, in particular, to be movably mounted with limited movement on the support strip. For example, the handle support can have a first end stop for limiting the first switch movement of the handle element and a second end stop for limiting the second switch movement of the handle element.

[0018] According to a further embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned sensor, a capacitive proximity switch can be provided at the handle element for a further switch function, such as unlocking or locking the vehicle. The above-mentioned sensor is arranged built-in at a built-in handle support in the vehicle door. The capacitive proximity switch is arranged at the outside of the handle element. It is understood that, for proper functioning of the proximity switch, it must be ensured that the active electrode of the proximity switch is not shielded by metal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Embodiments of the application are explained in detail below with reference to the drawings. Therein:

[0020] Figure 1 a vehicle door with a handle assembly is schematically shown in perspective view,

[0021] Figure 2 a perspective view of an enlarged portion in the area of the handle assembly according to Figure 1 is schematically shown,

[0022] Figure 3 a cross-sectional view of the vehicle door in the area of the handle assembly is schematically shown,

[0023] Figure 4 a schematic block diagram of a sensor of the handle assembly is shown,

[0024] Figure 5A perspective view of the handle assembly as an assembly unit is shown, and

[0025] Figure 6 A perspective view of a vehicle door is shown schematically, which vehicle door does not show a vehicle skin, showing a handle assembly as an assembly unit.

[0026] The same components in all the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Figure 1 A vehicle door 1 with a handle assembly 2 is shown schematically in perspective view. The handle assembly 2 is an out-door handle for the door.

[0028] The vehicle door 1 comprises a door support structure 3 and a door frame 4. Alternatively, the vehicle door 1 can be designed as frameless (not shown) and does not have a door frame 4, for example in a convertible. The present invention is applicable both to a vehicle door 1 with a door frame 4 and to a frameless vehicle door 1. In the following, the present invention is described with respect to a vehicle door 1 with a door frame 4.

[0029] The door frame 4 has a window opening 5, which can be closed by a window pane, not shown in detail. For this purpose, the window pane is arranged in the usual manner movable in the door support structure 3, in particular between a closed position, in which the window pane is raised and the window opening 5 is closed, and an open position, in which the window pane is sunk into the door support structure 3 and the window opening 5 is open.

[0030] The door support structure 3 has, for example, a vehicle outer skin 6 and a vehicle inner skin 7. The door support structure 3 is made of sheet metal, which is usually painted. The inner side of the door support structure 3 can be covered.

[0031] Furthermore, the vehicle door 1 also comprises a weather strip 8. The weather strip 8 is arranged at the top of the door support structure 3. The top of the door support structure 3 is provided, for example, with a narrow longitudinal gap through which the window pane moves. The weather strip 8 is arranged in the region of the longitudinal gap and extends along the door support structure 3 on both sides of the window pane. The weather strip 8 serves as a seal between the door support structure 3 and the window pane. Thus, in particular water, dirt, snow and also wind can be prevented from entering the door support structure 3.

[0032] The weather strip 8 usually comprises two soft sealing lips, which lie tightly against the window pane on both sides. They are movable in order to prevent noise when the window pane is moved.

[0033] The handle assembly 2 is arranged to be movable, in particular pivotable, at the weather strip 8. Alternatively, the handle assembly 2 can be designed to be transla- tory movable, in particular slidable or pushable (not shown in detail). The present in- vention is applicable both to a handle assembly 2 which is rotatory movable and to a handle assembly 2 which is translatory movable. The present invention will be described in the following with regard to a handle assembly 2 which is rotatory movable, in particular pivotable.

[0034] The handle assembly 2 comprises a handle element 9 which is graspable at the outer side of the vehicle door 1. The handle element 9 is designed such that it is designed as a device which is steerable in at least two directions R1, R2 to actively steer at least two switching functions. Alternatively, the handle element 9 can also be designed to actively steer at least two switching functions in only one of the directions R1 or R2.

[0035] The handle element 9 protrudes vertically upwards from the weather strip 8 and the door support structure 3. Therein, the handle element 9 is arranged spaced apart from the door frame 4.

[0036] Optionally, a capacitive proximity switch 12 can be provided at the handle element 9 for a further switching function, for example to unlock or lock the vehicle. The capacitive proximity switch 12 is arranged at the outer side of the handle element 9. It is to be understood that for the proper functioning of the proximity switch it has to be ensured that the active electrode of the proximity switch is not shielded by metal.

[0037] The movable handle assembly 2 thus arranged at the weather strip 8 can be designed to be compact, such that several switching functions are possible and require little installation space.

[0038] Figure 2 A perspective view in the area of the handle assembly 2 according to Figure 1 is shown schematically in an enlarged portion.

[0039] Additionally, the weather strip 8 comprises a substantially vertically protruding support strip 10. The support strip 10 can be designed to be flexible. Additionally, the support strip 10 can be designed as a sealing lip. The support strip 10 extends along the weather strip 8 and the door support structure 3. The handle assembly 2 is arranged to be form- and / or force-locked on the support strip 10 and is movably mounted thereon, in particular with limited movement. In particular, the handle assembly 2 is movably, in particular translatory or rotatory, mounted at the support strip 10 for a minimum movement of the handle element 9, for example in the range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, in particular 0.1 mm to 2 mm, or 1 degree to 10 degrees, in particular 1 degree to 5 degrees. The handle element 9 comprises for example a slot 11, in particular a longitudinal slot, corresponding to the support strip 10. The handle assembly 2 is insertable or suitably mountable on the support strip 10. In the state in which the handle assembly 2 is assembled at the vehicle door 1, the support strip 10 is completely arranged in the slot 11, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0040] The handle element 9 is, for example, shaped ergonomically and can be gripped, in particular fully gripped, by a user's hand. Therein, the handle element 9 can be arranged displaceable, in particular pivotable, between a first switching movement S1 in a direction R1 away from the door 1 and a second switching movement S2 in a direction R2 pointing towards the door 1. Thus, various switching functions can be parameterized, as will be described in detail below.

[0041] Figure 3 A sectional view of the door 1 in the area of the handle assembly 2 is schematically shown. For the sake of clarity, the weather strip 8 is not shown in detail.

[0042] The door frame 4 is usually covered by means of a panel 13, in particular a plastic panel.

[0043] The handle assembly 2 is arranged movable relative to the weather strip 8 between the door frame 4 and the door support structure 3. The handle assembly 2 is a multi-component part and can be pre-assembled as an assembly unit 14 and inserted and assembled into the door 1. In particular, the handle assembly 2 is arranged in a cavity 15 between the vehicle outer skin 6 and the vehicle inner skin 7.

[0044] The handle assembly 2 comprises a handle support 16. The handle support 16 is made of a plastic or fiber-reinforced plastic material. The handle support 16 comprises a fixed support portion 17 and a movable support portion 18. The handle support 16 is arranged in the door 1, in particular in the cavity 15 between the vehicle outer skin 6 and the vehicle inner skin 7.

[0045] The fixed support portion 17 is connected with the door support structure 3. The fixed support portion 17 is, for example, designed as a plate. Furthermore, the fixed support portion 17 comprises a fastening interface 19 for fastening the fixed support portion 17 at the door support structure 3. For example, the fixed support portion 17 is screwed or riveted with the door support structure 3 by means of the fastening interface 19.

[0046] A substantially vertical web or wall portion 20 protrudes from the fixed support portion 17 in the direction of the movable support portion 18. Alternatively, the fixed support portion 17 can be designed as a shell or a box. The movable support portion 18 is arranged movable, in particular rotatable, at a first wall portion 20.1, in particular at that wall portion 20.1 of the fixed support portion 17 which is arranged in the direction of the weather strip 8. For example, a rotary joint 21 or a hinge, in particular a bendable or flexible hinge, is arranged between the movable support portion 18 and the first wall portion 20.1. Therein, the movable support portion 18 is rotatable relative to the fixed support portion 17 about a rotary axis D. The movable support portion 18 is designed as a cover or a shield of the handle support 16. To this end, an end of the movable support portion 18 is rotatably hinged at the first wall portion 20.1.

[0047] The opposite free ends of the movable support portion 18 are arranged at a distance from the second wall portion 20.2, in particular from the inner ledge 22, when the handle element 9 is in the rest position or initial position SO. Between the movable support portion 18 and the fixed support portion 17, in particular in the region of the ledge 22, a seal 23, in particular a sealing lip, can be arranged.

[0048] The handle element 9 is hinged at the handle support 16. For example, the rotation axis DG of the handle element 9 is arranged in the region of the handle support 16, as shown in the figures, or of the press strip 8, not shown in detail. The rotation axis D of the movable support portion 18 corresponds to the rotation axis DG of the handle element 9. The rotation axis DG is in particular an imaginary rotation axis.

[0049] The handle element 9 is arranged to be form- and / or force-locked at the handle support 16, in particular at the movable support portion 18. The movable support portion 18 and the handle element 9 are rotationally fixedly connected to one another. For example, the handle element 9 has a receiving contour 26 in the direction of the handle support 16, and the movable support portion 18 has a correspondingly designed retaining contour 27 in the direction of the handle element 9. The receiving contour 26 and the retaining contour 27 or vice versa are designed, for example, as a dovetail connection or a pin connection, in particular a dovetail connection, for a releasable connection. Thus, the handle element 9 is arranged to be form-locked and releasable at the movable support portion 18.

[0050] By means of such an arrangement of the rotary joint 21 for the handle element 9 at the built-in handle support 16, the displacement mechanism of the handle element 9 is arranged to be protected within the vehicle door 1 in the cavity 15, in particular against mechanical stresses and against contamination.

[0051] The wall portion 20 of the handle support 16, the movable support portion 18 and the fixed support portion 17 form a housing 24 for the sensor 25 in the assembled state. The sensor 25 comprises an electronic unit 28. The electronic unit 28 is arranged and held at the fixed support portion 17. Optionally, a potting material 29 can be arranged between the fixed support portion 17 and the electronic unit 28.

[0052] The sensor 25 is, for example, a capacitive sensor or an inductive sensor.

[0053] The sensor 25 comprises a first metal surface 30 and a second metal surface 31 arranged at a distance from the first metal surface, which is movable in the direction of the first metal surface 30. Such a sensor 25 is also referred to as a so-called MoC sensor (MoC = metal over cap or metal over capacitive, i.e. metal-on-capacitor type sensor or as a capacitive touch sensor). The metal surfaces 30, 31 are also referred to as MoC sheets.

[0054] For example, the first metal surface 30 is arranged at the fixed support portion 17 and the second metal surface 31 is arranged at the movable support portion 18 and / or the handle element 9.

[0055] The second metal surface 31, for example a metal strip or a thin metal sheet, is arranged, in particular fastened, for example glued or welded, on the side of the movable support portion 18. The handle element 9 is arranged and held on the opposite side of the movable support portion 18.

[0056] The manipulation, in particular pivoting, of the handle element 9 causes a corresponding movement, in particular pivoting, of the movable support portion 18 and, with it, a movement of the second metal surface 31 relative to the first metal surface 30 about the same axis of rotation D, DG.

[0057] In particular, the handle element 9 is displaceable, in particular pivotable, between a first switching movement S1 of the handle element 9 away from the vehicle door 1 in the direction R1 and a second switching movement S2 of the handle element 9 towards the vehicle door 1 in the direction R2. The handle element 9 is positioned in an initial position S0 in the unmanipulated state. The handle element 9 is pivotable upon manipulation in the range of + / - 5° from the initial position S0 according to the arrows P1, P2.

[0058] The distance between the first metal surface 30 and the second metal surface 31 can be in the range of 0.1 mm to 2 mm and, for example, can be 1 mm or 1.5 mm. The space between the metal surfaces 30, 31 is preferably provided with a dielectric, for example a gas, in particular air, and / or an elastically deformable solid (for example a plastic foam or the like).

[0059] The electronic unit 28 detects a change in the distance between the metal surfaces 30, 31 and / or a resulting change in the capacitance or inductance caused by the movement, in particular pivoting, of the handle element 9. Therein, already a minimum movement, in particular pivoting, between the handle element 9 and the movable support portion 18 caused by touching the handle element 9 can result in a corresponding rotation of the second metal surface 31 relative to the first metal surface 30. The resulting change in the distance between the two metal surfaces 30, 31 causes a corresponding change in the capacitance or inductance, which can be detected by means of the electronic unit 28.

[0060] To limit the first switching movement S1 of the handle element 9, the handle support 16 comprises a first end stop 32. To limit the second switching movement S2, the handle support 16 has a second end stop 33. The first end stop 32 is arranged at the free end of the two protruding wall portions 20.2 and limits the first switching movement S1. The second end stop 33 is formed by the inner shoulder 22 in the housing 24. The inner shoulder 22 or the second end stop 33 is arranged on the electronics unit 28, in particular on the printed circuit board, or above the electronics unit in the housing 24.

[0061] By means of the movable support portion 18, the handle element 9 fastened there can be moved in different, in particular opposite and / or vertical, directions R1, R2. Thus, several switching points or switching functions can be generated. Thus, for example, the locking of the lock of the vehicle door 1 and / or of the vehicle can be switched by means of a pressure acting on the handle element 9. The unlocking of the lock of the vehicle door 1 and / or of the vehicle can be switched by means of a pulling force acting at the handle element 9.

[0062] Additionally, the handle element 9 itself and its components can be adapted at the movable support portion 18 such that different sizes of the manipulation forces acting at the handle element 9 correspondingly generate different switching functions or switching points. Thus, force thresholds can be predefined or predetermined for different sizes of the manipulation forces, which generate or trigger different switching functions or switching points. For example, a low force at the handle element 9 can cause a locking of the lock and a high force at the handle element 9 can cause a double locking of the lock. Additionally or alternatively, the displacement speed of the displaceable vehicle door 1 can be adjusted in correspondence to the manipulation force acting on the handle element 9. For example, a higher manipulation force can cause an increase of the displacement speed and a lower manipulation force can cause a decrease of the displacement speed.

[0063] Furthermore, the electronics unit 28 can be designed to trigger a first predetermined or programmable switching function or action upon detection of the first switching movement S1, for example the unlocking of one or all vehicle doors 1 of the vehicle, and to trigger a second predetermined or programmable switching function or action upon detection of the second switching movement S2, for example the locking of the electronic lock of the vehicle door 1 or of all vehicle doors, in particular of the vehicle doors. Additionally, the electronics unit 9 can be designed to trigger a further switching function upon exceeding a predetermined threshold value of the detected capacitance change or inductance change, for example to change the speed of the displacement movement of a sliding door of the vehicle or to switch on or off a drive system in the case of an automatic sliding door of the vehicle.

[0064] Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of the sensor 25 of the handle assembly 2 is shown.

[0065] The sensor 25 comprises a first metal surface 30 and a second metal surface 31. The first metal surface 30 is arranged at the fixed support portion 17. For example, the first metal surface 30 is arranged as a metal strip or metal sheet on a printed circuit board of the electronic unit 28. The second metal surface 31 is arranged at the movable support portion 18.

[0066] Figure 5 A perspective view of the handle assembly 2 as an assembly unit 14 is shown.

[0067] Figure 6 A perspective view of the vehicle door 1 is shown schematically, which vehicle door does not show the vehicle skin 6 and the weather strip 8, which shows the handle assembly 2 as an assembly unit 14.

[0068] List of Figures

[0069] 1 vehicle door

[0070] 2 handle assembly

[0071] 3 door support structure

[0072] 4 door frame

[0073] 5 window opening

[0074] 6 vehicle skin

[0075] 7 vehicle interior

[0076] 8 weather strip

[0077] 9 handle element

[0078] 10 support bar

[0079] 11 slot

[0080] 12 proximity switch

[0081] 13 panel

[0082] 14 assembly unit

[0083] 15 cavity

[0084] 16 handle support

[0085] 17 fixed support portion

[0086] 18 movable support portion

[0087] 19 fastening interface

[0088] 20 wall portion

[0089] 20.1 first wall portion

[0090] 20.2 second wall portion

[0091] 21 rotary joint

[0092] 22 shoulder

[0093] 23 seal

[0094] 24 housing

[0095] 25 sensor

[0096] 26 receiving contour

[0097] 27 retaining contour

[0098] 28 electronic unit

[0099] 29 potting material

[0100] 30 first metal face

[0101] 31 second metal face

[0102] 32 first end stop

[0103] 33 second end stop

[0104] D, DG rotation axis

[0105] P1, P2 arrow

[0106] R1, R2 direction

[0107] S1, S2 switch movement

[0108] S0 initial position

Claims

1. A vehicle door (1) having a handle assembly (2), wherein the vehicle door (1) comprises at least: - Door support structure (3); - a bead (8) arranged at the top of the door support structure (3), wherein the handle assembly (2) is arranged to be movable at the bead (8) and comprises a handle element (9) which is graspable at the outer side of the vehicle door (1), and The handle element (9) is designed as a device operable in at least one direction (R1, R2) to actively operate at least two switch functions, and The pressure strip comprises a substantially vertically protruding support strip, and the handle assembly is arranged on the support strip to form a positive lock and / or a non-positive lock, and is movably mounted on the support strip in a restricted manner.

2. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 1, wherein the handle element (9) is manipulable in at least two directions (R1, R2) for actively manipulating at least two switching functions.

3. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the handle assembly (2) comprises a handle support (16), the handle support comprising: a fixed support portion (17) connected to the door support structure (3); and a movable support portion (18), at which the handle element (9) can be arranged to form a positive and / or non-positive fit.

4. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 3, wherein the handle element (9) is hinged at the handle support (16).

5. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 4, wherein the rotation axis (DG) of the handle element (9) is arranged in the region of the handle support (16) or the molding (8).

6. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 3, wherein the handle support (16) is provided with a sensor (25), the sensor comprising: A first metal surface (30); a second metal surface (31) arranged at a certain distance from the first metal surface, the second metal surface being arranged to be movable relative to the first metal surface (30); and an electronic unit (28) by means of which a change in capacitance or inductance caused by a change in the distance between the metal surfaces (30, 31) can be detected.

7. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 6, wherein the first metal surface (30) is arranged at the fixed support part (17), and the second metal surface (31) is arranged at the movable support part (18).

8. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 6, wherein the handle element (9) is displaceable between a first switching movement (S1) away from the vehicle door (1) and a second switching movement (S2) towards the vehicle door (1).

9. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 8, wherein the electronic unit (28) is designed to trigger a first predefined or programmable action when the first switching movement (S1) is detected, and to trigger a second predefined or programmable action when the second switching movement (S2) is detected.

10. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 8, wherein the handle support (16) has a first end stop (32) for limiting the first switching movement (S1) and a second end stop (33) for limiting the second switching movement (S2).

11. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 1, wherein the handle assembly (2) is arranged to be pivotable at the molding (8).

12. The vehicle door (1) according to claim 8, wherein the handle element (9) is pivotable between the first switching movement (S1) and the second switching movement (S2).

13. Vehicle having at least one vehicle door (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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