An antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure comprises a metal cavity and a first radiator. The first metal layer of the metal cavity is provided with a first slot and a second slot. The first end of the second slot is connected with the first slot. The first slot is provided with a first feeding point. The second slot is provided with a second feeding point. The slots provided on the metal cavity can generate horizontally polarized and vertically polarized radiation respectively. Meanwhile, the first radiator provided above the slots can expand the working bandwidth of the antenna structure, so that the working frequency band of the antenna structure includes more communication frequency bands. The width of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of the present application can be smaller than the frame width of the electronic device, which is conducive to the application in the electronic device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular to an antenna structure and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the low frequency of the radio spectrum has tended to be saturated, and the millimeter wave frequency band has abundant spectrum resources, so that the millimeter wave can provide a solution for high-speed wireless communication. The millimeter wave antenna requires wideband and high gain performance to achieve high-speed data transmission, low latency and high reliability. In order to better receive and transmit signals, the millimeter wave antenna in the electronic device needs to have the performance of dual polarization at the same time, so as to receive communication information from different directions; at the same time, due to the limited space of the electronic device, the increase of the size of the whole machine caused by the not compact enough antenna structure has strict requirements on the miniaturization design of the antenna. SUMMARY

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna structure and an electronic device, which can generate horizontal polarization and vertical polarization radiation respectively by the slits arranged on the metal cavity of the antenna structure. At the same time, the working bandwidth of the antenna structure can be expanded by the radiating body arranged above the slits, so that the working frequency band of the antenna structure includes more communication frequency bands. Moreover, the width of the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application can be less than the width of the frame of the electronic device, which is beneficial to the application in the electronic device.

[0004] In a first aspect, an antenna structure is provided, comprising: a metal cavity, the metal cavity comprising a first metal layer and a second metal layer arranged opposite to each other, and a metal wall connecting the first metal layer and the second metal layer; a first radiating body, the first radiating body being arranged opposite to and spaced apart from the metal cavity, the first radiating body being located on a side of the first metal layer away from the second metal layer; wherein the first metal layer is provided with a first slit and a second slit, a first end of the second slit being connected with the first slit; a projection of the first slit, the second slit and the first radiating body in a first direction at least partially overlaps, the first direction being a direction perpendicular to the first metal layer; the first slit is provided with a first feeding point; the second slit is provided with a second feeding point.

[0005] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the second metal layer is used as the floor of the antenna structure, and horizontal polarization and vertical polarization electromagnetic waves can be generated by using the T-shaped gap provided on the first metal layer. Since the horizontal polarization electromagnetic wave and the vertical polarization electromagnetic wave are orthogonal, the coupling between the two can be greatly reduced, and therefore, the antenna structure can be applied to a MIMO system. In addition, the first radiator is provided in the antenna structure, and an additional resonance frequency band can be generated by coupling connection with the T-shaped gap, which can be used to expand the working frequency band of the antenna structure, so that it can be applied to more communication frequency bands.

[0006] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator is provided with a third gap, and an extension direction of the third gap is parallel to an extension direction of the first gap.

[0007] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, since the first radiator is provided with the third gap, an additional magnetic current is generated through the third gap when the first metal layer resonates, which can make more electromagnetic waves of the working frequency band radiate outward, reduce the current on the floor (the second metal layer), and thus improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure.

[0008] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator is divided into a first part and a second part which are spaced apart by the third gap.

[0009] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first part includes a bent radiator and is bent towards the first metal layer, and the second part includes a bent radiator and is bent towards the first metal layer.

[0010] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the first radiator of the planar structure is folded into a three-dimensional structure to reduce the width of the first radiator and the width of the antenna structure, so as to realize the miniaturization of the antenna structure and facilitate the arrangement in the electronic device.

[0011] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a second radiator is provided, the second radiator is arranged opposite to and spaced apart from the first radiator, and the second radiator is located on a side of the first radiator away from the metal cavity.

[0012] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the antenna structure is provided with the second radiator, which can be used to generate an additional resonance frequency band, and can expand the working frequency band of the antenna structure to include more communication frequency bands.

[0013] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first feeding point is arranged at a connection position of the first gap and the second gap.

[0014] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first slot has the same length on both sides of the first feed point.

[0015] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, with the increase of the symmetry of the antenna structure, the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure can be improved.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further comprises: a first feed branch and a second feed branch, the first feed branch and the second feed branch are arranged in the metal cavity; a projection of the first feed branch and the first slot in a first direction at least partially overlaps; a projection of the second feed branch and the second slot in the first direction at least partially overlaps.

[0017] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first feed unit and the second feed unit can feed the antenna structure at the first feed point and the second feed point through the coupling feeding mode, and the working frequency band of the antenna structure can be expanded.

[0018] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first feed branch is in an L shape, and the second feed branch is in a straight line shape.

[0019] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the present application does not limit the specific shapes of the first feed branch and the second feed branch. For example, the first feed branch and the second feed branch can be in regular or irregular shapes such as a rectangle, a circle, a broken line shape, a fish fork shape, etc. The specific shapes of the first feed branch and the second feed branch can be adjusted according to the shape of the metal cavity or design requirements.

[0020] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further comprises at least one metal column; at least one of the metal columns is arranged on any side of the first radiator in a circumferential direction; and the metal column is electrically connected with the first metal layer.

[0021] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the metal column can be used to expand the ground plane (the second metal layer) of the antenna structure, increase the current path on the ground plane, thereby reducing the influence of the impedance of the antenna structure caused by the too small area of the ground plane, and improving the radiation characteristics (for example, the working bandwidth) of the antenna structure 100.

[0022] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the extension direction of the first slot is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second slot.

[0023] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a physical length of the first slit is one half of the first wavelength ± 10%, and a physical length of the second slit is one fourth of the first wavelength ± 10%, the first wavelength being an operating wavelength of the antenna structure.

[0024] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the first feeding unit feeds, the radiation generated by the T-shaped slit is mainly generated by the first slit. The electrical length of the first slit can be one half of the first wavelength, so that the antenna structure operates in the one-half wavelength mode using the first slit. When the second feeding unit feeds, the radiation generated by the T-shaped slit is mainly generated by the second slit and part of the first slit. The electrical length of the second slit can be one fourth of the first wavelength, so that the antenna structure operates in the one-fourth wavelength mode using the second slit. Since the electrical length of the second slit is less than one half of the first wavelength, the antenna structure is compact, which is more conducive to being arranged in an electronic device.

[0025] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first metal layer is provided with a fourth slit, the fourth slit being connected with the second end of the second slit.

[0026] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the fourth slit can be used to increase the magnetic current path of the second end of the second slit, so that when the second feeding unit feeds, the length of the second slit is further shortened under the condition that the magnetic current path in the T-shaped slit remains unchanged, so as to further reduce the width of the first metal layer, and further reduce the width of the antenna structure.

[0027] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the width of the antenna structure is less than 3.5 mm.

[0028] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the width of the antenna structure can be less than 0.3 low-frequency wavelengths, for example, the low-frequency wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency of the operating frequency band. Taking the case that the antenna structure operates in the n257 and n258 frequency bands as an example, the width L2 of the antenna structure can be less than 3.5 mm.

[0029] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length of the antenna structure is less than 4.5 mm.

[0030] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the length of the antenna structure can be less than 0.4 low-frequency wavelengths. Taking the case that the antenna structure operates in the n257 and n258 frequency bands as an example, the length L1 of the antenna structure can be less than 4.5 mm, so that the length of the frame occupied by the same number of antenna structures can be shorter.

[0031] In some implementations of the first aspect, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes 24.25 GHz-29.5 GHz.

[0032] In some implementations of the first aspect, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes 37 GHz-43.5 GHz.

[0033] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the antenna structure can operate in the millimeter wave frequency band.

[0034] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes the antenna structure of any one of the first aspect.

[0035] In some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a frame; the frame is provided with a fifth gap; at least a part of the antenna structure is arranged between the conductors on both sides of the fifth gap.

[0036] In some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a first dielectric plate, which is arranged between the first metal layer and the first radiator.

[0037] In some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a second dielectric plate, which is arranged between the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0038] In some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a third dielectric plate and a fourth dielectric plate; at least a part of the third dielectric plate and at least a part of the fourth dielectric plate are arranged in the first direction and stacked in the metal cavity; the first feed branch and the second feed branch are arranged between the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a millimeter wave antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is different views of the antenna structure 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the antenna structure 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first metal layer 111 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 7 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electric field distribution of the antenna structure 100 when the first feeding unit is fed.

[0046] Figure 8 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electric field distribution of the antenna structure 100 when the second feeding unit is fed. Figure 3

[0047] Figure 9 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a first metal layer 111 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 10 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 11 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic current distribution generated when a first radiator resonates.

[0050] Figure 12 FIG. 8 is a simulation result diagram of S parameters of the antenna structure. Figure 10

[0051] FIG. 9 is a simulation result diagram of gain of the antenna structure. Figure 13 Figure 10 FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 300 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Figure 14 FIG. 11 is a simulation result diagram of S parameters of the antenna structure.

[0053] Figure 15 Figure 14 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0055] ​​​​It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "electrical connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through a physical line that can transmit electrical signals such as a copper foil or a wire of a printed circuit board (PCB); it can also be understood as electrical conduction in space through indirect coupling. "Coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction in space through indirect coupling, wherein it is understood by those skilled in the art that coupling refers to a phenomenon in which inputs and outputs of two or more circuit components or electrical networks are closely matched and interact with each other, and energy is transmitted from one side to the other. "Connection" and "connected" can refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship, for example, A and B are connected or A and B are connected, which means that there is a fastening member (such as a screw, a bolt, a rivet, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to separate.

[0056] Antenna gain: refers to the ratio of the power density of the signals generated by the actual antenna and the ideal radiation unit (since the ideal radiation unit does not exist, a dipole antenna is used in actual application) at the same point in space under the condition that the input power is equal. It quantitatively describes the degree to which an antenna concentrates and radiates input power.

[0057] Horizontal polarization and vertical polarization of the antenna: at a given point in space, the electric field strength E (vector) is a function of time t, and as time goes on, the vector end point periodically traces a trajectory in space. The trajectory is a straight line perpendicular to the ground (the plane of the floor), which is called vertical polarization, and if it is horizontal to the ground, it is called horizontal polarization. At the same time, since the vibration directions of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave and the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave are perpendicular to each other, the coupling between the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave and the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave is low, and the isolation is good.

[0058] Antenna return loss: can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port to the antenna port transmission power. The smaller the reflected signal, the greater the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the antenna radiation efficiency. The greater the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the smaller the antenna radiation efficiency.

[0059] Antenna return loss can be represented by S11 parameter, which belongs to S parameter. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can represent the advantages and disadvantages of antenna transmission efficiency. S11 parameter is usually negative, and the smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that the actual energy entering the antenna is more, and the system efficiency of the antenna is higher; the larger the S11 parameter, the larger the antenna return loss, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna.

[0060] It should be noted that the S11 value of -4dB is generally used as a standard in engineering. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -4dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is better.

[0061] Ground (ground plate): can refer to at least a part of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, or any combination of the above in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), and "ground" can be used for the grounding of components in the electronic device. In one embodiment, the "ground" can be a ground layer of a circuit board of the electronic device, or a ground plate formed by a middle frame of the electronic device, or a ground metal layer formed by a metal film under the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12- to 14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or elements separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer, and the trace layer and the ground layer are electrically connected by a via. In one embodiment, components such as a display, a touch screen, an input button, a transmitter, a processor, a memory, a battery, a charging circuit, a system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. can be mounted on or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the trace layer and / or the ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source is disposed on the trace layer.

[0062] Any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer described above is made of conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can use any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, graphite powder impregnated cloth, graphite coated substrate, copper plated substrate, brass plated substrate, and aluminum plated substrate. Those skilled in the art can understand that the ground layer / ground plate / ground metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0063] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to electronic devices using one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The electronic device in the embodiments of the present application can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a smart home, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, and the like. The electronic device can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), and the like, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 An electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application is exemplarily shown, and the electronic device is a mobile phone.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic device 10 can include a cover 13, a display module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 can be a cover glass, and can also be replaced by a cover made of other materials, such as a cover made of ultra-thin glass material, a cover made of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material, and the like. Figure 1

[0065] The cover 13 can be arranged close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used to protect and prevent dust from the display module 15. ​

[0066] In an embodiment, the display module 15 can include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., which are not limited in the present application.

[0067] The middle frame 19 mainly plays a supporting role for the whole machine. Figure 1 It is shown that the PCB 17 is arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, and it can be understood that, in an embodiment, the PCB 17 can also be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, which are not limited in the present application. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can adopt a flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric plate, a Rogers dielectric plate, a hybrid dielectric plate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a code of a flame-retardant material grade, and the Rogers dielectric plate is a high-frequency board. The PCB 17 carries electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, etc. In an embodiment, a metal layer can be arranged on the printed circuit board PCB 17. The metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, and can also be used for grounding other components, such as a bracket antenna, a frame antenna, etc. The metal layer can be referred to as a ground plate, or a grounding plate, or a grounding layer. In an embodiment, the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any one layer of dielectric plate in the PCB 17. In an embodiment, the metal layer for grounding can be arranged on one side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 close to the middle frame 19. In an embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be regarded as the edge of its grounding layer. In an embodiment, the metal middle frame 19 can also be used for grounding the above-mentioned components. The electronic device 10 can also have other ground plates / grounding plates / grounding layers, which are not described here again as described before.

[0068] The electronic device 10 can also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery can be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or can be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, which are not limited in the present application. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery can be arranged between the main board and the sub-board, wherein the main board can be arranged between the upper edge of the middle frame 19 and the battery, and the sub-board can be arranged between the lower edge of the middle frame 19 and the battery.

[0069] The electronic device 10 can further include a bezel 11, which can be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 can be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The bezel 11 can have four sides that surround the display module 15 and help secure the display module 15. In one implementation, the bezel 11 made of metal material can be directly used as a metal bezel of the electronic device 10, forming a metal bezel appearance, which is suitable for a metal industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 can also be a non-metal material, such as a plastic bezel, forming a non-metal bezel appearance, which is suitable for a non-metal ID.

[0070] The middle frame 19 can include the bezel 11, and the middle frame 19 including the bezel 11 as a one-piece can support the electronic devices in the whole machine. The cover plate 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively attached along the upper and lower edges of the bezel to form a housing or a shell of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the bezel 11, and / or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the housing or the shell of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that the "housing or shell" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the bezel 11, or the middle frame 19, or part or all of any combination of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the bezel 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0071] Alternatively, the bezel 11 can not be considered as part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the bezel 11 can be connected to and integrally formed with the middle frame 19. In another embodiment, the bezel 11 can include a protruding piece extending inward to be connected to the middle frame 19, for example, by a spring, a screw, welding, or the like. The protruding piece of the bezel 11 can also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least a part of the bezel 11 acts as a radiator of an antenna to receive / transmit a radio frequency signal. The part of the bezel acting as the radiator can have a gap 42 with the middle frame 30, so as to ensure that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, so that the antenna has a good signal transmission function.

[0072] The back cover 21 can be a back cover made of metal material, or a back cover made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or the like non-metal back cover.

[0073] Figure 1 Only some components included in the electronic device 10 are shown schematically, and the actual shape, actual size, and actual structure of these components are not limited by Figure 1 the drawings.

[0074] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the face where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front face, the face where the back cover is located can be considered as the back face, and the face where the bezel is located can be considered as the side face.

[0075] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when it is considered that a user holds (usually vertically and faces the screen) an electronic device, the orientation in which the electronic device is located has a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side.

[0076] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the second generation (2G) mobile communication system mainly supports the function of call in the past, and the electronic device is only a tool for people to send and receive short messages and voice communication. Wireless Internet function is very slow because data transmission uses voice channel for transmission. With the development of the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, the low frequency of the radio spectrum has become saturated. The millimeter wave frequency band has abundant spectrum resources, so the millimeter wave can provide a solution for high-speed wireless communication with low latency and high reliability. In order to better receive and transmit signals, the millimeter wave antenna in the electronic device needs to have the performance of dual polarization at the same time, so as to receive communication information from different directions; at the same time, due to the limited space of the electronic device, the increase of the size of the whole machine caused by the not compact enough antenna structure has strict requirements on the miniaturization design of the antenna.

[0077] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a millimeter wave antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0078] In Figure 2 the millimeter wave antenna shown, two feeding points provided on the radiation patch can be used to generate radiation with two direction polarizations respectively, for example, horizontally polarized and vertically polarized radiation, so that the millimeter wave antenna can be applied to a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system.

[0079] In Figure 2 the antenna structure shown, the width of the radiation patch is about 0.4 working wavelengths, and the relative bandwidth of the antenna structure is about 10% or so.

[0080] Figures 3 to 5 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application, which can be applied to the electronic device shown in Figure 1 . Among them, Figure 3 is a different view of the antenna structure 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 is an exploded view of the antenna structure 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a first metal layer provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0081] The antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application can generate horizontal polarization and vertical polarization radiation respectively through the slit arranged on the metal cavity. Meanwhile, the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure can be expanded through the radiator arranged above the slit, so that the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes more communication frequency bands. The width of the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application can be less than the frame width of the electronic device, which is beneficial to the application in the electronic device.

[0082] As shown in Figure 3 , the antenna structure 100 can include a metal cavity 110 and a first radiator 120.

[0083] The metal cavity 110 includes a first metal layer 111, a second metal layer 112 and a metal wall 113 connecting the first metal layer 111 and the second metal layer 112, as shown in Figure 3 . The metal wall 113 is connected with the first metal layer 111 and the second metal layer 112 respectively. In an embodiment, the metal wall 113 is connected with the first metal layer 111 and the second metal layer 112 at the edge of the first metal layer 111 and the edge of the second metal layer 112 respectively. In an embodiment, the first metal layer 111, the second metal layer 112 and the metal wall 113 form a closed cavity structure, as shown in Figure 4 . In an embodiment, the first radiator is arranged opposite to the metal cavity and is spaced apart from the metal cavity, and the first radiator 120 is located on the side of the first metal layer 111 away from the second metal layer 112. In an embodiment, the first radiator 120 is arranged above the first metal layer 111.

[0084] In an embodiment, the antenna structure 100 can further include a first dielectric plate 130. In an embodiment, the first dielectric plate 130 is arranged between the metal cavity 110 and the first radiator 120, and one side of the first dielectric plate 130 is in contact with the first metal layer 111 to support the first radiator 120.

[0085] As shown in Figure 5 , the first metal layer 111 is provided with a first slit 101 and a second slit 102. The first end 1021 of the second slit 102 is connected with the first slit 101, so that the first slit 101 and the second slit 102 are in communication. The first slit 101 is provided with a first feeding point 141, and the second slit 102 is provided with a second feeding point 142. The first feeding point 141 and the second feeding point 142 are both used for feeding the antenna structure to make the antenna structure resonate. In an embodiment, the first slit 101 and the second slit 102 form a closed slit or a closed slit. In an embodiment, the first slit 101 and the second slit 102 do not extend to the edge of the first metal layer 111.

[0086] In one embodiment, the projection of the first slot 101, the second slot 102 and the first radiator 120 in a first direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the first metal layer 111, at least partially overlaps. In one embodiment, the projection of the first slot 101, the second slot 102 and the first radiator 120 in the first direction is completely overlapped. Figure 3 In the schematic diagram of the antenna structure 100 shown, the first direction is the z direction.

[0087] In the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application, the second metal layer is used as the floor of the antenna structure, and the T-shaped slot provided on the first metal layer can generate electromagnetic waves of two different polarization directions, for example, horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves, when the first feed point and the second feed point are fed. Since the horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves and the vertically polarized electromagnetic waves are orthogonal, the coupling between them can be greatly reduced, and thus the isolation between them is high, so that the antenna structure can be applied to a MIMO system. In addition, the first radiator is provided in the antenna structure, and an additional resonant frequency band can be generated by coupling connection with the T-shaped slot, which can be used to expand the working frequency band of the antenna structure, so that it can be applied to more communication frequency bands.

[0088] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, for the sake of simplicity of discussion, only the first metal layer 111 and the second metal layer 112 are described as rectangular, i.e., the metal cavity 110 is a cuboid, in actual application, it can be adjusted according to the internal space of the electronic device or design requirements, for example, the first metal layer 111 and the second metal layer 112 can be triangular, circular, etc., and the present application does not limit this. Similarly, the first radiator 120 can also be of any shape, for example, rectangular, circular, triangular, etc., and the present application does not limit this.

[0089] In one embodiment, the metal wall 113, which can be referred to as a short-circuit metal wall, is provided between the first metal layer 111 and the second metal layer 112, one side of the metal wall 113 is connected to the first metal layer 111 along the edge of the first metal layer 111, and the other side of the metal wall 113 is connected to the second metal layer 112 along the edge of the second metal layer 112, so that the space between the first metal layer 111 and the second metal layer 112 is closed in the circumferential direction to form a closed metal cavity 110.

[0090] In one embodiment, the short-circuit metal wall 113 can include a plurality of metal through holes 1131, one end of each metal through hole in the plurality of metal through holes 1131 is electrically connected to the first metal layer 111, and the other end of each metal through hole is electrically connected to the second metal layer 112, as shown in Figure 3When the distance D between any two adjacent metal vias 1131 in the plurality of metal vias 1131 is less than a first threshold value, the plurality of metal vias 1131 can be considered to form a metal wall 113, and the space between the first metal layer 111 and the second metal layer 112 is closed in the circumferential direction, forming a closed metal cavity 110. When the frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna structure is higher, the first threshold value is smaller, the frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna structure is higher, and the distance between any two adjacent metal vias 1131 in the plurality of metal vias 1131 is closer, or when the aperture of the metal via 1131 is smaller, the first threshold value is smaller, and the aperture of the metal via 1131 is smaller. The distance between any two adjacent metal vias 1131 in the plurality of metal vias 1131 is closer. For example, in the n257, n258 frequency band (24.25-29.5 GHz), when the aperture of the metal via 1131 is 0.075 mm, the first threshold value can be 0.2 mm.

[0091] In an embodiment, the extension direction of the first slit 101 can be perpendicular to the extension direction of the second slit 102. The extension direction of the first slit 101 can be understood as the length direction of the first slit 101, and the extension direction of the second slit 102 can also be understood accordingly. Due to the increasingly tight space inside the electronic device, the arrangement of the antenna structure needs to be adjusted according to the internal space of the electronic device. It should be noted that the adjectives such as parallel and perpendicular mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are relative to the current process level, not the absolute strict definition in the mathematical sense, and a small amount of deviation is allowed, which is approximately parallel and approximately perpendicular. For example, in an embodiment, A is parallel to B, which means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel. In an embodiment, A is parallel to B, which means that the included angle between A and B is between 0 degrees and 10 degrees. In an embodiment, A is perpendicular to B, which means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular. In an embodiment, A is perpendicular to B, which means that the included angle between A and B is between 80 degrees and 100 degrees.

[0092] In an embodiment, the first feed point 141 can be arranged at the connection between the first slit 101 and the second slit 102.

[0093] In an embodiment, the first feed point 141 can be arranged at the center region of the first slit 101, and the lengths of the first slit 101 on both sides of the first feed point 141 are the same. It should be understood that as the symmetry of the antenna structure 100 increases, the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure 100 can be improved.

[0094] In one embodiment, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit can feed the antenna structure 100 at the first feeding point 141 and the second feeding point 142 by coupling feeding, which can expand the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100. In one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 can further include a first feeding branch 143 and a second feeding branch 144, as shown in FIG. 1B. The first feeding branch 143 and the second feeding branch 144 can be arranged in the metal cavity 110. In one embodiment, the projection of the first feeding branch 143 and the first slot 101 in the first direction (z direction) at least partially overlaps, and the overlapping area includes the first feeding point 141. The first feeding branch 143 is coupled to the first metal layer 111 at the first feeding point 141, as shown in FIG. 1B. In one embodiment, the projection of the second feeding branch 144 and the second slot 102 in the first direction (z direction) at least partially overlaps, and the overlapping area includes the second feeding point 142. The second feeding branch 144 is coupled to the first metal layer 111 at the second feeding point 142, as shown in FIG. 1B. In one embodiment, one end of the first feeding branch 143 and one end of the second feeding branch 144 can be electrically connected to the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit, respectively, for feeding the antenna structure 100 with electrical signals. Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 5

[0095] In one embodiment, the antenna structure can further include a third dielectric plate and a fourth dielectric plate. At least a portion of the third dielectric plate and at least a portion of the fourth dielectric plate can be arranged in the metal cavity 110 in the first direction (z direction). The first feeding branch 143 and the second feeding branch 144 are arranged between the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate, so that the first feeding branch 143 and the second feeding branch 144 form a strip line structure. The length of the first feeding branch 143 and the second feeding branch 144 can be further reduced while the electrical length of the first feeding branch 143 and the second feeding branch 144 remains unchanged. It should be understood that in actual production or design, the metal cavity 110 can also include a larger number of dielectric plates, and the present application does not limit this.

[0096] In one embodiment, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate can be made of the same dielectric material as the first dielectric plate 130, or the first dielectric plate 130, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate can be made of different dielectric materials, respectively, and the present application does not limit this.

[0097] In one embodiment, the electrical length can be represented by the product of the physical length (i.e. the mechanical length or the geometric length) and the ratio of the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium to the time required for the signal to pass through the medium with the same physical length in the free space. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0098] In one embodiment, the electrical length can be represented by the product of the physical length (i.e. the mechanical length or the geometric length) and the ratio of the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium to the time required for the signal to pass through the medium with the same physical length in the free space. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:​​

[0099] wherein L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0100] Alternatively, the electrical length can also refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e. the mechanical length or the geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0101]

[0102] wherein L is the physical length, and λ is the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0103] In one embodiment, the first feeding branch 143 is in an L shape, and the second feeding branch 144 is in a straight line shape. It should be understood that the L shape or the straight line shape is only the main shape of the feeding branch, and recesses or protrusions can also be provided in part of the feeding branch, and the present application does not limit the specific shape of the first feeding branch 143 and the second feeding branch 144. For example, the first feeding branch 143 and the second feeding branch 144 can be in a regular or irregular shape such as a rectangular shape, a circular shape, a zigzag shape, a fishhook shape, etc., and the specific shape of the first feeding branch 143 and the second feeding branch 144 can be adjusted according to the shape of the metal cavity 110 or design requirements.

[0104] In the above embodiment, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit feed the antenna structure 100 at the first feeding point 141 and the second feeding point 142 through the coupling feeding mode. In one embodiment, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit can feed the antenna structure 100 at the first feeding point 141 and the second feeding point 142 through the direct feeding mode. In one embodiment, the first feeding unit can be electrically connected to the conductors on both sides of the first slot 101 at the first feeding point 141. The second feeding unit can be electrically connected to the conductors on both sides of the second slot 102 at the second feeding point 142.

[0105] In one embodiment, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit can be different radio frequency channels in a radio frequency chip provided inside the antenna structure 100.

[0106] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 further comprises at least one metal column 151, such as Figure 4In an embodiment, the metal column 151 can be arranged on the first dielectric plate 130, and one end of the metal column 151 is electrically connected to the first metal layer 111. In an embodiment, the metal column 151 can be referred to as a matching metal column, and the metal column 151 can be arranged on the side surface (a surface in the thickness direction of the first dielectric plate, for example, a surface in the z direction) of the first dielectric plate 130 or arranged in the form of a metal via in the interior of the first dielectric plate 130. In an embodiment, the first radiator 120 and the metal column 141 are arranged on the surface of the first dielectric plate 130, respectively. In an embodiment, the metal column 141 is arranged on any one side of the circumference of the first radiator 120 and is not connected to the first radiator 120. For example, in the antenna structure shown in FIG. 1, the metal column 141 is arranged on the side of the circumference of the first radiator 120, and the metal column 141 is not connected to the first radiator 120. Figure 4 In the antenna structure shown in FIG. 1, the first radiator 141 is arranged on the surface of the first dielectric plate 130 away from the metal cavity 110, and the metal column 141 can be in a bent structure, and the two parts of the metal column 141 are arranged on the adjacent side surfaces of the first dielectric plate 130, respectively. In an embodiment, when the antenna structure 100 includes a plurality of metal columns 141, the plurality of metal columns 141 are arranged at different positions of the circumference of the first radiator 120, respectively, so that the first radiator 120 is arranged in a virtual space surrounded by the plurality of metal columns 131. At least one metal column 151 can be used to expand the floor (the second metal layer 112) of the antenna structure 100, increase the current path on the floor, and thus reduce the influence of the impedance of the antenna structure 100 caused by the small area of the floor (the small area of the floor can cause the electromagnetic wave generated by the current on the floor to be unable to be restrained, thereby causing interference with the electromagnetic wave of the operating frequency band of the antenna structure), thereby improving the radiation characteristics (for example, the operating bandwidth) of the antenna structure 100.

[0107] It should be understood that the present application only takes the example of the antenna structure including four matching metal columns 151 arranged at the four corners of the first dielectric plate 130, and in actual production or design, the number of the matching metal columns 151 included in the antenna structure 100 and the positions of the matching metal columns 151 can be adjusted, and the present application does not limit this.

[0108] In an embodiment, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100 can include the n257, n258 frequency band (24.25-29.5 GHz). In actual design or production, the actual needs can be adjusted, and the present application does not limit this.

[0109] In an embodiment, the antenna structure 100 can further include a housing, and the metal cavity 110, the first radiator 120, and the first dielectric plate 130 can be arranged in the space surrounded by the housing.

[0110] In an embodiment, the frame 11 of the electronic device can be provided with at least one third gap 103, as shown in FIG. 1. Figure 6As shown. At least a portion of the antenna structure 100 can be disposed within the third slot 103. This means that at least a portion of the antenna structure 100 is disposed between the conductors on both sides of the slot 103. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the antenna structure 100 is embedded in the frame 11. The width L2 of the antenna structure 100 is smaller than the width of the frame 11, allowing the antenna structure 100 to be disposed within the third slot 103 opened in the frame 11. Therefore, the key dimension in the miniaturized antenna structure 100 is the width L2. For increasingly thinner and lighter electronic devices, the width L2 of the antenna structure 100 can be less than 0.3 low-frequency wavelengths. For example, the low-frequency wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency of the operating frequency band. Taking the antenna structure 100 operating in the n257 and n258 frequency bands as an example, the width L2 of the antenna structure 100 can be less than 3.5 mm. It should be understood that the electronic device may include multiple antenna structures 100, which may be respectively disposed in different third slots 103, and the multiple antenna structures 100 and the multiple third slots 103 correspond one-to-one, such as... Figure 6 As shown in (a), or, multiple antenna structures 100 can also be arranged within a third slot, such as... Figure 6 As shown in (b) in the document, this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0111] In one embodiment, the length L1 of the antenna structure 100 can be less than 0.4 low-frequency wavelengths. Taking the antenna structure 100 operating in the n257 and n258 frequency bands as an example, the length L1 of the antenna structure 100 can be less than 4.5 mm, so that the length of the frame occupied by the same number of antenna structures can be shorter.

[0112] In one embodiment, taking the antenna structure 100 operating in the n257 and n258 frequency bands as an example, the length L1 of the antenna structure 100 can be 3.5 mm, the width L2 can be 2.8 mm, and the height L3 can be 1 mm. Figure 3 As shown in (c) in the figure.

[0113] Figure 7 and Figure 8 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of the antenna structure 100 shown. Wherein, Figure 7 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows the electric field distribution of the antenna structure 100 when it is fed by the first feeding unit. Figure 8 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows the electric field distribution of the antenna structure 100 when it is fed by the second feeding unit.

[0114] like Figure 7As shown in (a), when the first feeding unit is fed, the magnetic current in the T-shaped gap is antisymmetrically distributed along the y direction (with the same amplitude and a phase difference of about 180°, for example, a phase difference of 180°±45°).

[0115] like Figure 7 As shown in (b), when the first feed unit is fed, the first radiator is coupled to the T-slot, and the current on the first radiator flows in the x-direction (most of the current (more than 70%) is at ±45° or 180°±45° with the x-direction), which can generate the first resonant frequency band. The first resonant frequency band generated by the first radiator can be used to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure when the first feed unit is fed.

[0116] For example Figure 7 The electric field and magnetic current distribution within the T-shaped gap shown in (a) are as follows: Figure 7 The current distribution of the first radiator shown in (b) indicates that, when fed by the first feed unit, the polarization of the antenna structure is horizontal.

[0117] like Figure 8 As shown in (a), when the second feeding unit is fed, the magnetic current in the T-shaped gap is symmetrically distributed along the y direction (with the same amplitude and a phase difference of about 0°, for example, a phase difference of ±45°).

[0118] like Figure 8 As shown in (b), when the second feed unit is fed, the first radiator is coupled to the T-slot, and the current on the first radiator flows along the y-direction (most of the current (more than 70%) is at ±45° or 180°±45° with the y-direction), which can generate a second resonant frequency band. The second resonant frequency band generated by the first radiator can be used to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure when the second feed unit is fed.

[0119] For example Figure 8 The electric field and magnetic current distribution within the T-shaped gap shown in (a) are as follows: Figure 8 The current distribution of the first radiator shown in (b) is vertically polarized when the antenna structure is fed by the second feed unit.

[0120] It should be understood that when the first and second feed units are fed, the antenna structure can generate horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves respectively. The product of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves and the vertically polarized electromagnetic waves in the far field is zero (the integrals are orthogonal) and they do not affect each other. Therefore, good isolation can be obtained between the horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves and the vertically polarized electromagnetic waves, which can be applied to MIMO systems.

[0121] At the same time, such as Figure 7As shown in (a), when the first feeding unit is powered, the radiation generated by the T-slot is mainly produced by the first slot. The physical length of the first slot can be half ± 10% of the first wavelength, allowing the antenna structure to operate in half-wavelength mode using the first slot. The first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure. For example, the first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or it can be the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the resonant point in the operating frequency band. Figure 8 As shown in (a), when the second feed unit is powered, the radiation generated by the T-slot is mainly produced by the second slot and part of the first slot. The physical length of the second slot can be one-quarter ± 10% of the first wavelength, allowing the antenna structure to operate in quarter-wavelength mode using the second slot. Since the electrical length of the second slot is less than half of the first wavelength, the size of the antenna structure (e.g., in the width direction) is more compact, making it more advantageous for placement within electronic devices.

[0122] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first metal layer 111 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0123] like Figure 9 As shown in (a), the first metal layer 111 may be provided with a fourth slot 104, which is connected to the second end 1022 of the second slot 102, so that the second slot 102 and the fourth slot 104 are connected. In one embodiment, the first slot, the second slot, and the fourth slot form a closed slot or a closed gap. In one embodiment, an I-shaped slot is provided on the first metal layer 111. In one embodiment, the width of some slots in the I-shaped slot may be different, or a recess or a protrusion may be provided in some slot areas, which is not limited in this application. The fourth slot 104 can be used to increase the magnetic flow path of the second end 1022 of the second slot 102, so that when the second feeding unit is fed, the length of the second slot 102 is further shortened while the magnetic flow path in the T-shaped slot remains unchanged, so that the width of the first metal layer 111 is further reduced, thereby reducing the width of the antenna structure.

[0124] Similarly, the length of the first gap 101 on the first metal layer 111 can also be reduced in this way, such as... Figure 9 As shown in (b) and (c) in the figure.

[0125] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0126] like Figure 10 As shown in (a), the first radiator 220 of the antenna structure 200 is provided with a fifth slot 201. The extension direction of the fifth slot 201 can be parallel to the extension direction of the first slot provided on the first metal layer 211, such as...Figure 10 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0127] It should be understood that the bottleneck for miniaturization of antenna structures lies in the fact that the ground plane size is too small, making it difficult to contain the electromagnetic waves generated by the current on the ground plane. The electromagnetic waves generated by the current on the ground plane will interfere with the electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the antenna structure, reducing the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure.

[0128] like Figure 11 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 4 The diagram shows the magnetic current distribution generated when the first radiator resonates in the antenna structure. When the first radiator resonates, two magnetic currents are generated through the gaps formed on both sides with the first metal layer, thus radiating electromagnetic waves outwards. Figure 11 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 10 The diagram shows the magnetic current distribution generated when the first radiator resonates in the antenna structure. Since the first radiator is provided with a fifth slot 201, an additional magnetic current is generated through the fifth slot 201 when the first metal layer resonates. This allows more electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band to radiate outward, reducing the current on the ground plane (second metal layer) and thus improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure.

[0129] Because the first radiator 220 has a fifth slot 201, the electrical length of the first radiator 220 in the width direction (y direction) of the antenna structure is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the size of the first radiator 220 in the width direction of the antenna structure, but this will result in an increase in the width of the antenna structure.

[0130] In one embodiment, the fifth slot 201 may be a slot open at both ends. The first radiator 220 includes a first portion 221 and a second portion 222 spaced apart by the third slot 201. The first portion 221 may include a bent radiator 223 bent toward the first metal layer 211. The second portion 222 includes a bent radiator 224 bent toward the first metal layer 211. Folding the planar first radiator 220 into a three-dimensional structure reduces the width of the first radiator 220, thereby reducing the width of the antenna structure and miniaturizing the antenna structure for inclusion in electronic devices.

[0131] In one embodiment, the first portion 221 within the first bending region 223 and the second portion 222 within the second bending region 224 can be implemented using metal holes. The first portion 221 and the second portion 222 of the first radiator 220 may include a metal layer disposed on the surface of the first dielectric substrate and a plurality of metal holes disposed within the first dielectric substrate connected to the metal layer.

[0132] It should be understood that, compared to Figure 4 The antenna structure 100 shown is...Figure 10 The antenna structure 200 shown further reduces the size of the antenna structure by folding the first radiator towards the first metal surface and providing an I-shaped slot (the second end of the second slot is connected to the slot) on the first metal surface, the size of which is reduced from Figure 4 The size of the antenna structure 100 shown is reduced from 3.5mmx2.8mmx1mm to 3.5mmx2.6mmx1mm (L1xL2xL3), and the width L2 of the antenna structure 200 is reduced from 2.8mm to 2.6mm.

[0133] When the height L3 of the antenna structure 200 is increased, the height L4 of the first part 221 in the first bending area 223 is increased, and the width of the antenna structure 200 can be further reduced. When the height L3 of the antenna structure 200 is increased from 1mm to 1.5mm, the width L2 of the antenna structure 200 can be reduced from 2.6mm to 2mm.

[0134] Figure 12 and Figure 13 is Figure 10 The simulation result diagram of the antenna structure shown. Among them, Figure 12 is Figure 10 The simulation result diagram of the S parameter of the antenna structure shown. Figure 13 is Figure 10 The simulation result diagram of the gain of the antenna structure shown.

[0135] As Figure 12 shown, the resonant frequency band generated by the antenna structure when fed by the first feeding unit (S11) and the second feeding unit (S22) can include the n257, n258 frequency band (24.25-29.5GHz), and the relative bandwidth of the antenna structure is about 19.6%. At the same time, since the antenna structure radiates horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves when fed by the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit respectively. Therefore, when the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit are fed, the isolation (S12 and S21) between the two is less than -30dB, which has good isolation and can be applied to MIMO systems.

[0136] As Figure 13 shown, in the n257, n258 frequency band (24.25-29.5GHz), the gain of the antenna structure when fed by the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit is 3.1-5dBi, which has good gain and can meet the needs of communication.

[0137] Figure 14 is a structure diagram of another antenna structure 300 provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0138] As Figure 14As shown, the antenna structure 300 may include a metal cavity 310, a first radiator 320, and a second radiator 330.

[0139] In one embodiment, the second radiator 330 is positioned opposite and spaced apart from the first radiator 320, with the second radiator 330 located on the side of the first radiator 320 away from the metal cavity 310. In one embodiment, the first radiator 320 and the second radiator 330 may be disposed above the first metal layer 311 of the metal cavity 310, such as... Figure 14 As shown in (a) in the figure.

[0140] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 300 may include a first dielectric substrate 340 and a second dielectric substrate 350. The first dielectric substrate 340 may be disposed between the first metal layer 311 and the first radiator 320 to support the first radiator 320. The second dielectric substrate 350 may be disposed between the first radiator 320 and the second radiator 330 to support the second radiator 330.

[0141] It should be understood that, compared to Figure 4 The antenna structure 100 shown is... Figure 14 The antenna structure 300 shown adds a second radiator 320, which can be used to generate additional resonant frequency bands and extend the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 300 to include more communication frequency bands. For example, it can simultaneously include the n257 and n258 frequency bands (24.25-29.5GHz) and the n259 and n260 frequency bands (37-43.5GHz).

[0142] In one embodiment, the dielectric materials of the first dielectric substrate 340 and the second dielectric substrate 350 may be the same or different, and may be adjusted according to actual production or design. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0143] In one embodiment, the first radiator 320 and the second radiator 330 may be different in size, with the area of ​​the first radiator 320 being larger than the area of ​​the second radiator 330.

[0144] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0145] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the embodiments in this application are described in terms of... Figure 14 The antenna structure shown is 3.5mm × 2.6mm × 1.4mm (L1 × L2 × L3) for illustration purposes. Adjustments may be made in actual production or design, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0146] like Figure 15As shown, since the antenna structure includes the second radiator, the antenna structure can generate an additional resonant frequency band at a high frequency when fed by the first feeding unit (S11) and the second feeding unit (S22), so that the operating frequency band of the antenna structure can include the n257, n258 frequency band (24.25-29.5GHz) and the n259, n260 frequency band (37-43.5GHz). At the same time, since the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit feed, the antenna structure radiates horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves, respectively. Therefore, when the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit are fed, the isolation (S12) between the two is less than -10dB, has good isolation, and can be applied to a MIMO system.

[0147] Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0148] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working process of the above-described system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0149] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are only schematic, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units or components shown or discussed can be through some interface, device or unit, and can be electrical or other forms.

[0150] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by The antenna structure comprises: a metal cavity comprising a first metal layer and a second metal layer arranged opposite to each other, and a metal wall connecting the first metal layer and the second metal layer; a first radiator arranged opposite to and spaced apart from the metal cavity, the first radiator being located on a side of the first metal layer away from the second metal layer; wherein the first metal layer is provided with a first slot and a second slot, a first end of the second slot being connected to the first slot; a projection of the first slot, the second slot and the first radiator in a first direction at least partially overlaps, the first direction being perpendicular to the first metal layer; the first slot is provided with a first feeding point, and the second slot is provided with a second feeding point; the first radiator is provided with a third slot, an extension direction of the third slot being parallel to an extension direction of the first slot; the first radiator comprises a first part and a second part separated by the third slot; the first part comprises a bent radiator and is bent towards the first metal layer; the second part comprises a bent radiator and is bent towards the first metal layer.

2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises: a second radiator arranged opposite to and spaced apart from the first radiator, the second radiator being located on a side of the first radiator away from the metal cavity.

3. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first feeding point is arranged at a connection between the first slot and the second slot.

4. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein The first slot has the same length on both sides of the first feeding point.

5. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein The antenna structure further comprises: a first feeding branch and a second feeding branch, the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch being arranged in the metal cavity; a projection of the first feeding branch and the first slot in a first direction at least partially overlaps; a projection of the second feeding branch and the second slot in a first direction at least partially overlaps.

6. The antenna structure of claim 5, wherein, The first feeding branch is in an L shape, and the second feeding branch is in a straight line shape.

7. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises at least one metal column; at least one of the metal columns is arranged on any one side of the first radiator in a circumferential direction; the metal column is electrically connected to the first metal layer.

8. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, An extension direction of the first slot is perpendicular to an extension direction of the second slot.

9. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, A physical length of the first slot is one half of a first wavelength ± 10%, and a physical length of the second slot is one fourth of the first wavelength, the first wavelength being an operating wavelength of the antenna structure ± 10%.

10. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first metal layer is provided with a fourth slot, the fourth slot being connected to a second end of the second slot.

11. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, A width of the antenna structure is less than 3.5 mm, and / or a length of the antenna structure is less than 4.5 mm.

12. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, An operating frequency band of the antenna structure comprises 24.25 GHz-29.5 GHz, and / or an operating frequency band of the antenna structure comprises 37 GHz-43.5 GHz.

13. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises the antenna structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The electronic device of claim 13, wherein, The electronic device further comprises a bezel; the bezel is provided with a fifth slot; at least a part of the antenna structure is arranged between conductors on both sides of the fifth slot.

15. The electronic device of claim 13 or 14, wherein, The electronic device further includes a first dielectric plate disposed between the first metal layer and the first radiator.

16. The electronic device of claim 13 or 14, wherein, The electronic device further includes a second dielectric plate disposed between the first radiator and a second radiator of an antenna structure.

17. The electronic device of claim 13 or 14, wherein, The electronic device further includes a third dielectric plate and a fourth dielectric plate; At least a portion of the third dielectric plate and at least a portion of the fourth dielectric plate are disposed in the metal cavity in the first direction. The first feed branch and the second feed branch are disposed between the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate.

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