A device and method for adjusting deviation of a wellhead of a pumping unit

Abstract

The present invention provides a wellhead deviation adjustment device and method for an oil pumping unit, which adjusts the wellhead deviation through a horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism and a vertical deviation adjustment mechanism, thereby avoiding uneven wear of the polished rod and extending the service life of the packing. The overall structure is compact and can be installed in an existing wellhead, with low on-site modification costs. The horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism and the vertical deviation adjustment mechanism of the deviation adjustment device in the present application are respectively close to the primary packing and the secondary packing, thereby more effectively exerting the deviation adjustment function and extending the service life and sealing effect of the packing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum machinery, and in particular relates to a wellhead deviation adjustment device and method for an oil pumping unit. Background Art

[0002] Eccentric wear of the pumping unit's polished rod and wellhead seal is a common problem in oil production. Taking a common beam pumping unit well as an example, during operation, the polished rod is driven by the unit's donkey head, moving up and down through the wellhead seal. Any deviation in either the pumping unit or the wellhead assembly during this motion can cause the polished rod to become misaligned with the wellhead, causing eccentric wear of the seal between the polished rod and the wellhead packing. This eccentric wear primarily damages the packing that seals with the polished rod, accelerating wear of the sealing packing and causing oil leakage from the wellhead, impacting production and environmental protection.

[0003] The wellhead deviation adjustment device in the prior art has defects such as small deviation adjustment amplitude or unreasonable design, and cannot achieve the deviation adjustment effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a wellhead deviation adjustment device and method for a pumping unit, which has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and prolongs the service life and sealing effect of the packing.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A wellhead deviation adjustment device for a pumping unit is characterized in that it comprises a polished rod and a first-level packing box sleeved on the polished rod, wherein the first-level packing box contains first-level packing;

[0007] The polished rod is also provided with a vertical deviation adjustment mechanism and a horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism for adjusting the deviation between the polished rod and the wellhead;

[0008] The vertical deviation adjustment mechanism, the horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism and the first-level packing box are connected in sequence from top to bottom.

[0009] Furthermore, the horizontal deflection adjustment mechanism comprises a deflection adjustment packing gland and a deflection adjustment disk which are sequentially sleeved on the polished rod, and the deflection adjustment packing gland and the deflection adjustment disk are sealed and connected;

[0010] The lower part of the deflection-adjusting packing gland is sleeved on the upper part of the first-level packing box;

[0011] The upper part of the deflection adjusting plate gland and the lower part of the deflection adjusting plate are both sleeved with the same deflection adjusting gland.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing groove is provided at the connection between the deflection adjusting packing gland and the deflection adjusting disk, and a sealing gasket is provided in the sealing groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower part of the deflection adjusting packing gland is connected to the upper part of the first-level packing box through threads, and the lower part of the deflection adjusting packing gland is connected to the upper part of the deflection adjusting packing gland through threads.

[0014] Furthermore, the vertical deviation adjustment mechanism includes a ball seat, a spherical packing box and a spherical packing box gland;

[0015] The horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism is sealed with the ball seat.

[0016] The upper end of the spherical packing box is provided with a packing gland, the bottom of the spherical packing box is sealedly connected to the ball seat, the lower part of the spherical packing box gland is connected to the upper part of the ball seat, and the spherical packing box gland is arranged on the outside of the spherical packing box;

[0017] The spherical packing box is provided with secondary packing.

[0018] Furthermore, a sealing groove is provided at the connection between the horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism and the ball seat, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove;

[0019] The upper part of the deflection adjustment disc is connected to the ball seat through threads.

[0020] Furthermore, an arc-shaped sealing gasket is provided between the spherical packing box and the ball seat, and the spherical packing box gland is connected to the upper part of the ball seat through threads.

[0021] Furthermore, the upper inner cavity of the spherical packing box is a tapered hole structure, and the secondary packing is installed in the tapered hole;

[0022] A spring seat is provided on the upper portion of the secondary packing, and a spring is sleeved on the spring seat;

[0023] The upper part of the spherical packing box is threadedly connected to the lower part of the packing gland.

[0024] A method for adjusting the deviation of a wellhead of an oil pumping unit, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1: After the lower part of the deflection adjusting packing gland is threadedly connected to the upper part of the first-level packing box, the first-level packing installed inside the first-level packing box is compressed to seal and straighten the polished rod. After the deflection adjusting gland is threadedly connected to the deflection adjusting packing gland, the deflection adjusting disc and the sealing gasket are compressed to seal the deflection adjusting disc.

[0026] S2: If the wellhead has horizontal deviation, loosen the deviation adjustment cover to rotate the deviation adjustment disk horizontally to adjust the horizontal deviation of the wellhead; if the wellhead has vertical deviation, rotate the packing cover to adjust the spherical packing box to drive the lower structure to produce relative displacement with respect to the polished rod, thereby adjusting the vertical deviation of the wellhead.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] The present invention provides a wellhead deviation adjustment device and method for an oil pumping unit, which adjusts the wellhead deviation through a horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism and a vertical deviation adjustment mechanism, thereby avoiding uneven wear of the polished rod and extending the service life of the packing. The overall structure is compact and can be installed in an existing wellhead, with low on-site modification costs. The horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism and the vertical deviation adjustment mechanism of the deviation adjustment device in the present application are respectively close to the primary packing and the secondary packing, thereby more effectively exerting the deviation adjustment function and extending the service life and sealing effect of the packing.

[0029] Furthermore, a spring is installed between the packing gland and the secondary packing, which changes the original hard force of the packing to elastic force, effectively reducing the wear of the packing without affecting the sealing effect and extending the service life of the packing.

[0030] Furthermore, the inner hole at the bottom of the spherical packing box is designed as an arc hole, which increases the range of adjusting the vertical deviation and changes the defect of the straight hole design that the vertical deviation is small or cannot be adjusted.

[0031] Furthermore, the secondary spherical packing makes the spherical packing play the main sealing role, and the primary packing plays the auxiliary sealing and straightening role, which has a better effect in preventing wellhead leakage. The operation of replacing the packing once every 7 days is extended to more than 20 days, reducing the operating intensity of employees and lowering the cost of crude oil extraction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a wellhead deviation adjustment device for a pumping unit in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a wellhead deviation adjustment device for a pumping unit in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of adjusting the vertical deviation in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of adjusting the horizontal deviation in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hook wrench used for loading and unloading components and adjusting wellhead deviation in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: polished rod 1, packing gland 2, primary packing box 3, blowout preventer 4, wellhead process 5, spherical packing box 6, spherical packing box gland 7, ball seat 8, deflection adjustment gland 9, deflection adjustment packing gland 10, spring 11, spring seat 12, secondary packing 13, arc sealing gasket 14, sealing ring 15, deflection adjustment plate 16, sealing gasket 17, primary packing 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.

[0039] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0041] The present invention provides a wellhead deviation adjustment device for a pumping unit, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a polished rod 1 and a first-level packing box 3 sleeved on the polished rod 1, wherein the first-level packing 18 is contained in the first-level packing box 3; the polished rod 1 is also sleeved with a vertical deviation adjustment mechanism and a horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism for adjusting the deviation between the polished rod 1 and the wellhead;

[0042] The vertical deviation adjustment mechanism, the horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism and the first-level packing box 3 are connected in sequence from top to bottom.

[0043] Specifically, the wellhead deviation is adjusted by the horizontal and vertical deviation adjustment mechanisms to avoid uneven wear of the polished rod 1 and extend the service life of the packing. The device has a compact structure and can be installed in the existing wellhead, with low on-site modification costs.

[0044] A preferred embodiment provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the horizontal deflection adjustment mechanism includes a deflection adjustment packing cover 10, a deflection adjustment plate 16 and a deflection adjustment pressure cover 9. The lower part of the deflection adjustment packing cover 10 is connected to the upper part of the first-level packing box 3, and the upper part of the deflection adjustment packing cover 10 is connected to the lower part of the deflection adjustment pressure cover 9. The deflection adjustment plate 16 is mounted on the outside of the deflection adjustment pressure cover 9, and the deflection adjustment packing cover 10 and the deflection adjustment plate 16 are sealed.

[0045] When the wellhead has a horizontal deviation, the deviation adjustment cover 9 is loosened to allow the deviation adjustment disk 16 to rotate horizontally 360 degrees to adjust the horizontal deviation of the wellhead.

[0046] Another preferred embodiment provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the vertical adjustment mechanism includes a ball seat 8, a spherical packing box 6 and a spherical packing box cover 7. The spherical packing box 6 is provided with a packing cover 2. The spherical packing box 6 and the ball seat 8 are sealed and connected. The adjustment mechanism is sealed and connected to the ball seat 8. The lower part of the spherical packing box cover 7 is connected to the upper part of the ball seat 8. The spherical packing box cover 7 is installed outside the spherical packing box 6. The secondary packing 13 is installed in the spherical packing box 6.

[0047] Specifically, when a vertical deviation occurs at the wellhead, the spherical packing box gland 7 can be loosened to adjust the spherical packing box 6 to adjust the vertical deviation of the wellhead.

[0048] This device adds a secondary spherical packing on the basis of the original single packing seal, so that the spherical packing plays the main sealing role, and the primary packing 18 plays an auxiliary sealing and straightening role, which has a better effect in preventing wellhead leakage. The operation of replacing the packing, which originally required every 7 days, is extended to more than 20 days, reducing the operating intensity of employees and lowering the cost of crude oil extraction.

[0049] Another preferred embodiment provided by the present invention is that the deflection adjusting packing gland 10 and the deflection adjusting plate 16 are sealed by a sealing groove and a sealing gasket 17. The upper end surface of the deflection adjusting packing gland 10 is processed with a sealing groove, and the sealing gasket 17 is installed in the sealing groove.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, a sealing groove is processed on the upper end surface of the deflection adjusting packing pressure cap 10, a sealing gasket 17 is installed in the sealing groove, a deflection adjusting disc 16 is installed on the sealing gasket 17, a deflection adjusting pressure cap 9 is mounted on the upper part of the deflection adjusting disc 16, and the lower part of the deflection adjusting pressure cap 9 is connected to the upper part of the deflection adjusting packing pressure cap 10. Tightening the deflection adjusting pressure cap 9 presses the deflection adjusting disc 16 and the sealing gasket 17 to fix the deflection adjusting disc 16 for sealing. Loosening the deflection adjusting pressure cap 9 allows the deflection adjusting disc 16 to be adjusted 360 degrees horizontally to adjust the horizontal deviation of the wellhead.

[0051] Another preferred embodiment provided by the present invention is that the lower portion of the deflection adjusting packing gland 10 is connected to the upper portion of the first-stage packing box 3 via threads, and the lower portion of the deflection adjusting cover 9 is connected to the upper portion of the deflection adjusting packing gland 10 via threads.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, a deflection-adjusting packing gland 10 is installed on the upper part of the primary packing box 3. The inner thread of the lower part of the deflection-adjusting packing gland 10 is connected with the outer thread on the upper part of the packing box, which tightens the primary packing 18 installed inside the primary packing box 3 to seal and straighten the polished rod 1.

[0053] Another preferred embodiment provided by the present invention is that the adjustment mechanism and the ball seat 8 are sealed by a sealing groove and a sealing ring 15, the sealing groove is arranged on the upper end surface of the adjustment disk 16 of the adjustment mechanism, the sealing ring 15 is arranged in the sealing groove, and the upper part of the adjustment disk 16 is connected to the ball seat 8 by a thread.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, a sealing groove is processed on the upper end surface of the deflection adjustment disk 16, and a sealing ring 15 is installed in the sealing groove. The upper external thread is connected with the lower internal thread of the ball seat 8 to tighten the sealing ring 15.

[0055] Another preferred embodiment provided by the present invention is that the spherical packing box 6 and the ball seat 8 are sealed by an arc-shaped sealing gasket 14, and the spherical packing box gland 7 is connected to the upper part of the ball seat 8 by threads.

[0056] In this embodiment, a copper arc-shaped sealing gasket 14 is installed on the upper portion of the ball seat 8, a spherical packing box 6 is installed on the arc-shaped sealing gasket 14, a spherical packing box gland 7 is installed outside the spherical packing box 6, the spherical packing box gland 7 has an internal thread connected to the external thread of the upper portion of the ball seat 8, and tightening the spherical packing box gland 7 can compress the lower spherical surface of the spherical packing box 6 and the arc-shaped sealing gasket 14 so that it cooperates with the upper portion of the ball seat 8 to seal.

[0057] Another preferred embodiment provided by the present invention is that the upper part of the spherical packing box 6 is a tapered hole, the secondary packing 13 is installed in the tapered hole, the upper part of the secondary packing 13 is installed with a spring seat 12, and the spring seat 12 is fitted with a spring 11; the upper part of the spherical packing box 6 is threadedly connected to the lower part of the packing cover 2.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, a secondary packing 13 is installed in the upper tapered hole of the spherical packing box 6, a spring seat 12 is installed on the upper part of the secondary packing 13, a spring 11 is mounted on the spring seat 12, the outer thread of the upper part of the spherical packing box 6 cooperates with the inner thread of the packing gland 2, tighten the packing gland 2 to compress the spring 11 and press the spring seat 12 so that the inner hole of the packing is in contact and sealed with the polished rod 1, the spring 11 can make the secondary packing 13 elastically stressed, reducing the wear of the secondary packing 13, the spring seat 12 fixes the spring 11 and increases the stress surface of the secondary packing 13.

[0059] The device designs the lower inner hole of the spherical packing box as an arc hole, which increases the range of adjusting the vertical deviation and changes the defect of the straight hole design that the vertical deviation is small or cannot be adjusted.

[0060] Another preferred embodiment provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a deflection adjusting packing gland 10 is installed on the upper part of the first-level packing box 3. The inner thread of the lower part of the deflection adjusting packing gland 10 is connected to the outer thread of the upper part of the first-level packing box 3, and the first-level packing 18 installed inside the first-level packing box 3 is compressed to seal and straighten the polished rod 1. A sealing groove is machined on the surface of the deflection adjusting packing gland 10, and a sealing gasket 17 is installed in the sealing groove. A deflection adjusting disc 16 is installed on the sealing gasket 17. A deflection adjusting pressure cap 9 is mounted on the upper part of the deflection adjusting disc 16. The inner thread of the lower part of the deflection adjusting pressure cap 9 is connected to the outer thread of the upper part of the deflection adjusting packing gland 10. Tightening the deflection adjusting pressure cap 9 presses the deflection adjusting disc 16 and the sealing gasket 17, which can fix the deflection adjusting disc 16 for sealing. Loosening the deflection adjusting pressure cap 9 can adjust the deflection adjusting disc 16 360 degrees horizontally to adjust the horizontal deviation of the wellhead.

[0061] A sealing groove is machined on the upper end surface of the deflection adjustment disc 16 , in which a sealing ring 15 is installed. The upper external thread is connected to the lower internal thread of the ball seat 8 to tighten the sealing ring 15 . A copper arc-shaped sealing gasket 14 is loaded into the upper part of the ball seat 8, and a spherical packing box 6 is installed on the arc-shaped sealing gasket 14. A spherical packing box gland 7 is installed on the spherical packing box 6. The internal thread of the spherical packing box gland 7 is connected to the external thread on the upper part of the ball seat 8. Tightening the spherical packing box gland 7 can compress the lower spherical surface of the spherical packing box 6 and the arc-shaped sealing gasket 14 so that it cooperates with the upper part of the ball seat 8 to seal. Loosening the spherical packing box gland 7 can adjust the spherical packing box 6 to adjust the vertical deviation of the wellhead. A secondary packing 13 is installed in the upper tapered hole of the spherical packing box 6, and a spring seat 12 is installed on the upper part of the secondary packing 13. A spring 11 is mounted on the spring seat 12. The outer thread on the upper part of the spherical packing box 6 cooperates with the inner hole thread of the packing gland 2. After tightening the packing gland 2, the compression spring 11 compresses the spring seat 12 so that the inner hole of the secondary packing 13 contacts and seals with the polished rod 1.

[0062] In this application, without changing the original wellhead process, blowout preventer, first-level packing box 3, first-level packing 18, remove the packing box gland, press Figure 2 After all parts are passed through the polished rod 1, the packing box gland is finally installed on the spherical packing box 6. All parts are installed and unloaded through the polished rod 1, and the accessories are installed and unloaded and the wellhead deviation is adjusted by the hook wrench. Figure 5 shown.

[0063] The present invention provides a method for adjusting the deviation of a wellhead of an oil pumping unit. After the lower part of the deviation adjustment packing gland 10 is threadedly connected to the upper part of the first-level packing box 3, the first-level packing 18 installed inside the first-level packing box 3 is compressed to seal and straighten the polished rod 1. After the deviation adjustment cover 9 is threadedly connected to the deviation adjustment packing gland 10, the deviation adjustment disk 16 and the sealing gasket 17 are compressed to seal the deviation adjustment disk 16.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, when the wellhead has a horizontal deviation, loosen the deflection adjustment cover 9 to rotate the deflection adjustment disk 16360 degrees horizontally to adjust the wellhead horizontal deviation; Figure 4As shown, when the wellhead has vertical deviation, the vertical deviation of the wellhead is adjusted by the vertical deviation adjustment mechanism. The spherical packing box 6 can be adjusted by loosening the spherical packing box gland 7 to adjust the spherical packing box 6 to achieve the adjustment of the vertical deviation of the wellhead.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wellhead deviation adjustment device for a pumping unit, characterized in that it comprises a polished rod (1) and a first-level packing box (3) sleeved on the polished rod (1), wherein the first-level packing box (3) contains first-level packing (18); The polished rod (1) is also provided with a vertical deviation adjustment mechanism and a horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism for adjusting the deviation between the polished rod (1) and the wellhead; The vertical deviation adjustment mechanism, the horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism and the first-level packing box (3) are connected in sequence from top to bottom; The horizontal deflection adjustment mechanism comprises a deflection adjustment packing gland (10) and a deflection adjustment disk (16) which are sequentially sleeved on the polished rod (1), and the deflection adjustment packing gland (10) and the deflection adjustment disk (16) are sealed and connected; The lower part of the deflection-adjusting packing gland (10) is sleeved on the upper part of the first-level packing box (3); The upper part of the deflection adjusting plate gland (10) and the lower part of the deflection adjusting plate (16) are both sleeved with the same deflection adjusting gland (9); A sealing groove is provided at the connection between the deflection adjusting packing gland (10) and the deflection adjusting disk (16), and a sealing gasket (17) is provided in the sealing groove; The vertical deviation adjustment mechanism includes a ball seat (8), a spherical packing box (6) and a spherical packing box gland (7); The horizontal deflection adjustment mechanism is sealedly connected to the ball seat (8), the upper end of the spherical packing box (6) is provided with a packing gland (2), the bottom of the spherical packing box (6) is sealedly connected to the ball seat (8), the lower part of the spherical packing box gland (7) is connected to the upper part of the ball seat (8), and the spherical packing box gland (7) is arranged on the outside of the spherical packing box (6); The spherical packing box (6) is provided with a secondary packing (13), and the inner hole at the lower portion of the spherical packing box (6) is designed as an arc-shaped hole; The upper inner cavity of the spherical packing box (6) is a tapered hole structure, and the secondary packing (13) is installed in the tapered hole; A spring seat (12) is provided on the upper portion of the secondary packing (13), and a spring (11) is sleeved on the spring seat (12); and an arc-shaped sealing gasket (14) is provided between the spherical packing box (6) and the ball seat (8).

2. A wellhead deviation adjustment device for a pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the deviation adjustment packing gland (10) is connected to the upper part of the first-stage packing box (3) through a threaded connection, and the lower part of the deviation adjustment gland (9) is connected to the upper part of the deviation adjustment packing gland (10) through a threaded connection.

3. The wellhead deviation adjustment device of a pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing groove is provided at the connection between the horizontal deviation adjustment mechanism and the ball seat (8), and a sealing ring (15) is provided in the sealing groove; The upper portion of the deflection adjustment disc (16) is connected to the ball seat (8) via threads.

4. The wellhead deviation adjustment device of a pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical packing box gland (7) is connected to the upper part of the ball seat (8) through a thread.

5. The wellhead deviation adjustment device of a pumping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper portion of the spherical packing box (6) is threadedly connected to the lower portion of the packing gland (2).

6. A method for adjusting the deviation of a wellhead of a pumping unit, characterized in that: The wellhead deviation adjustment device for a pumping unit according to claim 5 comprises the following steps: S1: After the lower part of the deflection adjusting packing gland (10) is threadedly connected to the upper part of the first-level packing box (3), the first-level packing (18) installed inside the first-level packing box (3) is pressed, and the polished rod (1) is sealed and straightened. After the deflection adjusting gland (9) is threadedly connected to the deflection adjusting packing gland (10), the deflection adjusting disc (16) and the sealing gasket (17) are pressed to seal the deflection adjusting disc (16); S2: If the wellhead has a horizontal deviation, the deflection adjustment cover (9) is loosened to rotate the deflection adjustment plate (16) horizontally to adjust the horizontal deviation of the wellhead; if the wellhead has a vertical deviation, the packing cover (7) is rotated to adjust the spherical packing box (6) to drive the lower structure to produce a relative displacement relative to the polished rod (1), thereby adjusting the vertical deviation of the wellhead.

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