Surgical instrument terminal tool bidirectional differential device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bidirectional differential device for a surgical instrument terminal tool. The terminal tool is connected to an angle converter. The differential device includes a base fixedly connected to the handle end of the surgical instrument; two sets of wires, respectively connecting the base and the angle converter; and a pair of operating parts, respectively mounted on opposite sides of the base. The operating parts include a turntable that rotates with the side of the base, and a fixed gear fixed to the side of the base that rotates with the turntable. The turntable swings around the fixed gear to drive one set of wires to perform differential motion, transmitting a specified vertical bending motion to the angle converter, and drives another set of wires to perform differential motion, transmitting a specified horizontal bending motion to the angle converter. The present invention achieves bending motion of the terminal tool in four directions: up, down, left, and right, by differentially moving the two sets of wires to transmit the specified vertical bending motion and horizontal bending motion to the angle converter, respectively. This greatly simplifies the structure of the operating part for performing surgical operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a bidirectional differential device for controlling a terminal tool of a surgical instrument to perform a bending action. Background Art

[0002] Surgery refers to a treatment method that uses medical devices to remove or cut the patient's skin, mucous membranes or other diseased tissues to treat diseases.

[0003] Surgical instruments are tools that doctors use manually or with a robot to insert a tool attached to the end of the instrument's shaft through an incision made in the skin at the surgical site and into the patient's body to perform surgical procedures. The tool performs prescribed rotational, clamping, and cutting movements to complete surgical procedures such as excision and suturing of tissue at the site of injury.

[0004] However, conventional surgical instruments lack a flexible end tool, making it difficult to approach the surgical site and perform various surgical procedures. This prolongs surgery time and causes pain for the patient. Therefore, surgical instruments with flexible end tools have been developed.

[0005] However, for existing surgical instruments with bendable terminal tools, the structure of the operating part used to bend the terminal tool or perform surgical operations is relatively complex, and the operating actions are numerous. From the perspective of the surgeon, it is difficult to perform intuitive operations, and it takes a long time to master the usage method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a bidirectional differential device for a surgical instrument terminal tool with a simple structure and easy operation.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a bidirectional differential device for a surgical instrument terminal tool, the terminal tool is connected to an angle converter, the differential device includes a base fixedly connected to the handle end of the surgical instrument, and two groups of wires are respectively connected to the base and the angle converter; a pair of operating parts are respectively installed on the two side surfaces of the base, the operating part has a turntable that rotates with the side surface of the base, and a fixed gear that rotates with the turntable is fixed on the side surface of the base; the turntable swings around the fixed gear to drive a group of wires to perform differential motion to transmit the specified up and down bending motion to the angle converter, and drives another group of wires to perform differential motion to transmit the specified left and right bending motion to the angle converter.

[0008] Specifically, the conductors include two first conductors for vertically distributed differentially driving angle converters to perform vertical bending motion, and two second conductors for horizontally distributed differentially driving angle converters to perform horizontal bending motion.

[0009] Furthermore, a first slider fixedly connected to the first wire and a second slider fixedly connected to the second wire are slidably provided in the base, and vertical sliding grooves are provided on the first slider and the second slider.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner side surface of the turntable has a convex ring that is gap-matched with the base, and two centrally symmetrical clamping columns are provided on the convex ring, and the clamping columns are respectively engaged with the vertical sliding grooves on the first slider and the second slider.

[0011] The turntable has an inner concave cavity, the fixed gear is located in the inner concave cavity, a cross lever is provided in the inner concave cavity for driving the turntable to rotate, a clamping block is rotatably installed on the side wall of the inner concave cavity, and the inner side of the clamping block has a clamping tooth that engages with the fixed gear when the turntable rotates.

[0012] Furthermore, a spring is provided between the outer side surface of the clamping block and the side wall of the concave cavity in the turntable. When the cross lever drives the turntable to rotate, the spring pops out the clamping block so that the clamping teeth engage with the fixed gear.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom end of the cross lever is fixedly connected to the turntable, the upper end of the cross lever extends out of the turntable, and the side surface of the cross lever abuts against the inner side surface of the clamping block when the turntable is stationary.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention drives a group of wires to perform differential motion to transmit the specified up and down bending motion to the angle converter by swinging the turntable around the fixed gear, and drives another group of wires to perform differential motion to transmit the specified left and right bending motion to the angle converter, thereby realizing the bending motion of the terminal tool in four directions of up, down, left and right, greatly simplifying the structure of the operating part for performing surgical actions, and the operation is simple and intuitive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention after removing the cover plate on one side of the operating part.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention after removing the cover plate on one side of the operating part.

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view in the AA direction.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention after removing the operating part on the front side of the base.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the turntable of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. base, 2. first slider, 3. second slider, 4. vertical slide, 5. cavity, 6. first wire, 7. second wire, 8. turntable, 9. convex ring, 10. clamping column, 11. fixed gear, 12. cross lever, 13. rectangular notch, 14. clamping block, 15. clamping teeth, 16. spring, 17. cover plate, 18. square column shaft, 19. inner ring concave cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are simplified schematic diagrams that illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner.

[0024] A bidirectional differential device for a surgical instrument terminal tool, wherein the terminal tool is a pair of swinging head clamps connected in a scissor shape. The terminal tool is connected to an angle converter, which swings in multiple directions to drive the swinging head clamps to complete bending movement.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the bidirectional differential device includes a base 1, the rear side of which is fixed to the handle end of the surgical instrument via two upper and lower screws. The base 1 has four cavities 5 arranged in a matrix. First sliders 2 slide in the upper and lower cavities 5 on the front side of the base 1, and second sliders 3 slide in the upper and lower cavities 5 on the rear side of the base 1. Both the first and second sliders 2 and 3 have vertical slots 4.

[0026] The two first sliders 2 are respectively fixed with first wires 6, and the front ends of the two first wires 6 are connected to the angle converter. The two second sliders 3 are respectively fixed with second wires 7, and the front ends of the two second wires 7 are connected to the angle converter. From the axial view, the two first wires 6 are distributed up and down, and the two second wires 7 are distributed left and right. The two first wires 6 make differential motion to transmit the specified up and down bending motion to the angle converter, and the two second wires 7 make differential motion to transmit the specified left and right bending motion to the angle converter.

[0027] The base 1 located between the upper and lower cavities 5 has a square column axis 18 , and the two side surfaces of the base 1 have a concave annular cavity 19 .

[0028] The base 1 is provided with operating parts on both sides. The operating parts include a turntable 8. The inner side of the turntable 8 has a convex ring 9 that is clearance-matched with the inner ring cavity 19 of the base 1. The convex ring 9 is provided with two centrally symmetrical clamping columns 10. The clamping columns 10 are respectively engaged with the vertical sliding grooves 4 on the first slider 2 and the second slider 3.

[0029] A fixed gear 11 is fixed on the square column shaft 18 on the side of the base 1, and the turntable 8 has an inner concave cavity, and the fixed gear 11 is located in the inner concave cavity of the turntable 8; a cross lever 12 is provided in the inner concave cavity for rotating the turntable 8, and the bottom end of the long rod part of the cross lever 12 is fixedly connected to the turntable 8, and a rectangular notch 13 is provided at the upper end of the inner concave cavity. The upper end of the long rod part of the cross lever 12 extends out of the turntable 8 through the rectangular notch 13. When the cross lever 12 is toggled, the long rod part of the cross lever 12 abuts against the side of the rectangular notch 13, pushing the turntable 8 to swing.

[0030] Two groups of arc cavities and cylindrical cavities are provided on the side wall of the inner concave cavity of the turntable 8, and the open end of the cylindrical cavity is communicated with the opening of the arc cavity. The two groups of arc cavities and cylindrical cavities are symmetrical with respect to the center of the fixed gear 11, wherein a block 14 is installed in the arc cavity by rotating through a pin, and the inner side of the block 14 has a tooth 15 that engages with the fixed gear 11 when the turntable 8 rotates; a spring 16 is provided in the cylindrical cavity, and the spring 16 is pressed against the outer side of the block 14. When the turntable 8 is stationary, the end face of the short rod portion of the cross lever 12 is pressed against the inner side of the block 14, and the spring 16 is compressed; when the cross lever 12 drives the turntable 8 to rotate, the short rod portion of the cross lever 12 removes the pressing effect on the block 14, and the force of the spring 16 ejects the block 14 so that the tooth 15 engages with the fixed gear 11, and the turntable 8 rotates relative to the fixed gear 11.

[0031] A cover plate 17 is also fixed to the outer side of the turntable 8 .

[0032] When the cross lever 12 on the operating part on the front side of the base 1 is pulled, the short rod part of the cross lever 12 is released from the pressing effect on the block 14, and the spring 16 pushes the block 14 out to make the locking tooth 15 engage with the fixed gear 11. When the long rod part of the cross lever 12 is against the side of the rectangular notch 13, the turntable 8 is pushed to swing around the fixed gear 11. Through the action between the two clamping columns 10 on the convex ring 9 and the vertical slide groove 4, the two first sliders 2 are in the upper and lower cavities 5 on the front side of the base 1, and one first slider 2 moves forward and the other first slider 2 moves backward. The differential motion drives the first wire 6 to pull the angle converter to make an up and down bending motion, driving the swing head pliers to complete the up and down bending action.

[0033] When the cross lever 12 on the operating part on the rear side of the base 1 is pulled, similarly, the short rod part of the cross lever 12 is disengaged from the pressing effect on the block 14, and the spring 16 pushes the block 14 out to make the locking tooth 15 engage with the fixed gear 11. When the long rod part of the cross lever 12 is against the side of the rectangular notch 13, the turntable 8 is pushed to swing around the fixed gear 11. Through the action between the two clamping columns 10 on the convex ring 9 and the vertical slide groove 4, the two second sliders 3 are in the upper and lower cavities 5 on the rear side of the base 1, and one second slider 3 moves forward and the other second slider 3 moves backward. The differential motion drives the second wire 7 to pull the angle converter to make left and right bending motions, driving the swing head pliers to complete the left and right bending motions.

[0034] With the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention as a guide, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A bidirectional differential device for a surgical instrument end tool, wherein the end tool is connected to an angle converter, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base fixedly connected to the handle end of the surgical instrument; two sets of wires respectively connecting the base and the angle converter, the wires comprising two first wires distributed vertically and differentially driving the angle converter to perform vertical bending motion, and two second wires distributed horizontally and differentially driving the angle converter to perform horizontal bending motion; a first slider fixedly connected to the first wire and a second slider fixedly connected to the second wire are slidably provided in the base; A pair of operating parts are respectively mounted on the front and rear sides of the base. The operating parts have a turntable that rotates with the side of the base. The turntable has an inner concave cavity. A cross lever is provided in the inner concave cavity to drive the turntable to rotate. A fixed gear that rotates with the turntable is fixed to the side of the base. The rotating disk swings around the fixed gear to drive a set of wires to perform differential motion to transmit a specified up and down bending motion to the angle converter, and drives another set of wires to perform differential motion to transmit a specified left and right bending motion to the angle converter; When the cross lever on the operating part on the front side of the base is pulled, the cross lever pushes the turntable to swing around the fixed gear, causing one of the two first sliders to move forward and the other to move backward to perform a differential motion, thereby driving the first wire to pull the angle converter to perform an up and down bending motion; When the cross lever on the operating part on the rear side of the base is pulled, the cross lever pushes the turntable to swing around the fixed gear, causing one of the two second sliders to move forward and the other second slider to move backward to perform a differential motion, thereby driving the second wire to pull the angle converter to perform left and right bending motion.

2. The surgical instrument end tool bidirectional differential device according to claim 1, wherein: The first sliding block and the second sliding block are both provided with vertical sliding grooves.

3. The surgical instrument end tool bidirectional differential device according to claim 2, wherein: The inner side surface of the turntable has a convex ring that is gap-matched with the base. The convex ring is provided with two centrally symmetrical clamping columns, which are respectively clamped and matched with the vertical sliding grooves on the first slider and the second slider.

4. The surgical instrument end tool bidirectional differential device according to claim 1, wherein: The fixed gear is located in the inner concave cavity, and a clamping block is rotatably installed on the side wall of the inner concave cavity. The inner side of the clamping block has clamping teeth that engage with the fixed gear when the turntable rotates.

5. The surgical instrument end tool bidirectional differential device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spring is provided between the outer side surface of the clamping block and the side wall of the concave cavity in the turntable. When the cross lever drives the turntable to rotate, the spring pops out the clamping block so that the clamping teeth engage with the fixed gear.

6. The surgical instrument end tool bidirectional differential device according to claim 4, wherein: The bottom end of the cross lever is fixedly connected to the turntable, the upper end of the cross lever extends out of the turntable, and the side surface of the cross lever abuts against the inner side surface of the clamping block when the turntable is stationary.

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