A rail vehicle spoiler device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rail vehicle spoiler device, which relates to the field of rail vehicle technology. The rail vehicle spoiler device includes a pair of spoilers for installation on the outer surface of the tail car head, the pair of spoilers are symmetrically arranged about a symmetry axis, and the symmetry axis is along the extension direction of the tail car head; the spoilers are perpendicular to the outer shell surface of the tail car head at their positions; along the length direction of the spoilers, from the end close to the opening and closing cover to the end close to the front window of the driver's cab, the spoilers are inclined in a direction away from the symmetry axis. When the rail vehicle spoiler device provided by this specific embodiment is used, the spoilers have a certain blocking effect on the airflow, which will reduce the flow rate of the airflow and increase the area of the positive pressure area at the tail car head. It can effectively improve the aerodynamic resistance of the train during operation and reduce the upward lift of the tail car, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the train operation, while increasing the friction between the tail car wheel and rail, and increasing the stability and safety of the tail car when the train is running at high speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and more particularly to a spoiler device for a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As the train's running speed continues to increase, the faster the speed, the more intense the interaction between the train and the surrounding air. When the train speed reaches above 300km / h, the train's aerodynamic resistance accounts for more than 80% of the total train running resistance; the increase in the train's aerodynamic resistance will increase energy consumption.

[0003] In the existing technology, drag reduction is generally achieved by optimizing the train nose shape and smoothing the car body surface. When the train nose shape optimization and surface smoothing reach a certain level, it becomes very difficult to reduce the train's aerodynamic resistance through nose shape optimization and surface smoothing design. The aerodynamic resistance during train operation can be divided into two parts: pressure difference resistance and friction resistance. The pressure difference resistance is mainly caused by the pressure difference on the surface of the driver's cab of the front and rear cars, and the friction resistance is mainly caused by the friction between the car body surface and the surrounding air. For a nose shape with a high degree of streamline, the space for drag reduction through nose shape optimization is very small.

[0004] In summary, how to further reduce the aerodynamic resistance of a train during operation is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle spoiler device, which is installed on the front of the tail car of a rail vehicle, can effectively improve the aerodynamic resistance of the train during operation and reduce the upward lift of the tail car, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the train operation, while increasing the friction between the tail car wheel and rail, and increasing the stability and safety of the tail car when the train runs at high speed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A rail vehicle spoiler device, comprising a tail car head, the tail car head including an opening and closing cover provided at an end thereof and a driver's cab head cover connected to the opening and closing cover, the driver's cab head cover being provided with a driver's cab front window spaced apart from the opening and closing cover; the rail vehicle spoiler device comprising a pair of spoilers for mounting on an outer surface of the tail car head, the pair of spoilers being symmetrically arranged about an axis of symmetry, the axis of symmetry being along an extension direction of the tail car head;

[0008] The spoiler is installed between the opening and closing cover and the front window of the driver's cab; and the spoiler is perpendicular to the outer shell surface of the front of the tail vehicle at its location;

[0009] Along the length direction of the spoiler, from one end close to the opening and closing cover to one end close to the front window of the driver's cab, the spoiler is inclined in a direction away from the symmetry axis, and the angle between the spoiler and the symmetry axis is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0010] Optionally, the spoiler includes:

[0011] The first surface that is in contact with the outer surface of the front end of the tail vehicle is a quadrilateral bottom surface;

[0012] a second surface perpendicularly connected to the first side of the first surface;

[0013] The third surface, the fourth surface, and the fifth surface are connected to the second side, the third side, and the fourth side of the first surface, respectively; the third surface is inclined from the second side toward the second surface; the third surface is triangular, the fourth surface is inclined from the third side toward the second surface and the third surface; the fifth surface is inclined from the fourth side toward the second surface and the third surface;

[0014] The second side is arranged toward the opening and closing cover and the symmetry axis, and the third side is arranged opposite to the second side.

[0015] Optionally, the first surface is a curved surface, and one end of the first surface away from the symmetry axis extends toward the outer surface of the tail vehicle head at the installation position.

[0016] Optionally, a guide arc is provided between any two adjacent surfaces of the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, the fourth surface and the fifth surface.

[0017] Optionally, the spoiler is made of fiberglass or carbon fiber.

[0018] Optionally, the spoiler is arranged close to the opening and closing cover, and the closest distance between the spoiler and the opening and closing cover is 100-1000 mm.

[0019] Optionally, the height of the spoiler in a direction perpendicular to the driver's cab hood on which it is located is 100-600 mm;

[0020] And / or, the distance between two adjacent spoilers is 30-500 mm.

[0021] Optionally, a reinforcement plate is provided on the inner side of the front end of the tail vehicle, and the spoiler is mounted on the reinforcement plate.

[0022] Optionally, the spoiler is mounted on the front of the tail vehicle by bolts, and an embedded nut assembly is provided in the spoiler, and the bolt passes through the reinforcement plate and is threadedly connected to the embedded nut assembly.

[0023] Optionally, the spoiler is mounted on the front of the tail vehicle by bolts, the spoiler is provided with a pad, the pad is provided with a through hole for the bolt to pass through, and the reinforcement plate is provided with a threaded hole that cooperates with the bolt.

[0024] The rail vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention includes a pair of spoilers, which are vertically installed on the outer surface of the front of the tail car and are located between the opening and closing cover and the front window of the driver's cab. Along the length direction of the spoiler, from the end close to the opening and closing cover to the end close to the front window of the driver's cab, the spoiler is inclined in a direction away from the symmetry axis, and the angle between the spoiler and the symmetry axis is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0025] When the rail vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention is used, the airflow flows from the front end of the rail vehicle to the front end of the tail car, and when it flows to the front end of the tail car, it flows along the surface of the front end of the tail car. When it contacts the spoiler, since the angle between the spoiler and the symmetry axis is greater than 0° and less than 90°, it has a certain blocking effect on the airflow, which will reduce the flow rate of the airflow and increase the area of the positive pressure area at the front end of the tail car. The force of the gas on the upper surface of the front end of the tail car acting on the front end of the tail car is perpendicular to the surface of the shell of the front end of the tail car, and has a vertical downward component and a component along the direction of travel of the rail vehicle. It can effectively improve the aerodynamic resistance of the train during operation and reduce the upward lift of the tail car, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the train operation, while increasing the friction between the rear wheel and the rail, and increasing the stability and safety of the rear car when the train runs at high speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A side view of a first embodiment of a spoiler in a rail vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A front view of a first embodiment of a spoiler in a railway vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A top view of a first embodiment of a spoiler in a railway vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A side view of a second embodiment of a spoiler in a rail vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A front view of a second specific embodiment of a spoiler in a railway vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 A top view of a second specific embodiment of a spoiler in a railway vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a side structural schematic diagram of the spoiler of the railway vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention installed at different positions of the driver's cab hood;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic top view of the structure of the spoiler in the rail vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention installed at different positions of the driver's cab hood;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a front view structural diagram of the spoiler of the railway vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention installed at different positions of the driver's cab hood;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a spoiler in a rail vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention being installed on a driver's cab hood along the length direction of the spoiler;

[0037] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the reinforcement plate;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of a specific embodiment 1 in which a spoiler is installed on a cab hood;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of a second specific embodiment in which a spoiler is installed on a cab hood;

[0040] Figure 14 A schematic diagram comparing the aerodynamic drag on a rail vehicle before and after the installation of spoilers;

[0041] Figure 15 Schematic diagram comparing the aerodynamic lift on a rail vehicle before and after the installation of spoilers.

[0042] Figures 1-15 middle:

[0043] 1 is a spoiler, 11 is a first surface, 12 is a second surface, 13 is a third surface, 14 is a fourth surface, 15 is a fifth surface, 2 is an opening and closing cover, 3 is a cab head cover, 4 is a reinforcement plate, 5 is an embedded nut assembly, 6 is a bolt, and 7 is a gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The core of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle spoiler device, which is installed on the front of the tail car of a rail vehicle. It can effectively improve the aerodynamic resistance of the train during operation and reduce the upward lift of the tail car, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the train operation. At the same time, it increases the friction between the tail car wheel and rail, and increases the stability and safety of the tail car when the train runs at high speed.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1-15 .

[0047] This specific embodiment discloses a rail vehicle spoiler device, which includes a tail car head, the tail car head includes an opening and closing cover 2 arranged at the end and a driver's cab head cover 3 connected to the opening and closing cover 2, and the driver's cab head cover 3 is provided with a driver's cab front window spaced from the opening and closing cover 2; the rail vehicle spoiler device includes a pair of spoilers 1 for installation on the outer surface of the tail car head, the pair of spoilers 1 are symmetrically arranged about a symmetry axis, and the symmetry axis is along the extension direction of the tail car head; the spoiler 1 is installed between the opening and closing cover 2 and the driver's cab front window; and the spoiler 1 is perpendicular to the outer shell surface of the tail car head where it is located; along the length direction of the spoiler 1, from the end close to the opening and closing cover 2 to the end close to the driver's cab front window, the spoiler 1 is inclined in the direction away from the symmetry axis, and the angle between the spoiler 1 and the symmetry axis is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0048] It should be noted that the opening and closing cover 2 at the front end of the tail car of the rail vehicle needs to be opened when the coupler is connected, so the installation of the spoiler 1 needs to avoid the front opening and closing cover 2.

[0049] The rail vehicle spoiler device provided in this specific embodiment includes a pair of spoilers 1, which are vertically mounted on the outer surface of the front of the tail car and located between the opening and closing cover 2 and the front window of the driver's cab. Along the length direction of the spoiler 1, from the end close to the opening and closing cover 2 to the end close to the front window of the driver's cab, the spoiler 1 is inclined in the direction away from the symmetry axis, and the angle between the spoiler 1 and the symmetry axis is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

[0050] When the rail vehicle spoiler device provided by this specific embodiment is used, the airflow flows from the front end of the rail vehicle to the front end of the tail car. When it flows to the front end of the tail car, it flows along the surface of the front end of the tail car. When it contacts the spoiler 1, since the angle between the spoiler 1 and the symmetry axis is greater than 0° and less than 90°, it has a certain blocking effect on the airflow, which will reduce the flow rate of the airflow and increase the area of the positive pressure area at the front end of the tail car. The force of the gas on the upper surface of the front end of the tail car acting on the front end of the tail car is perpendicular to the surface of the shell of the front end of the tail car, and has a vertical downward component and a component along the direction of travel of the rail vehicle. It can effectively improve the aerodynamic resistance of the train during operation and reduce the upward lift of the tail car, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the train operation, while increasing the friction between the rear wheel and the rail, and increasing the stability and safety of the rear car when the train runs at high speed.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the spoiler 1 includes: a first surface 11 that is in contact with the outer surface of the front end of the tail vehicle, and the first surface 11 is a quadrilateral bottom surface; a second surface 12, which is perpendicular to the first side of the first surface 11; a third surface 13, a fourth surface 14 and a fifth surface 15, which are respectively connected to the second side, the third side and the fourth side of the first surface 11; the third surface 13 is inclined from the second side to the direction close to the second surface 12; the third surface 13 is a triangle, and the fourth surface 14 is inclined from the third side to the direction close to the second surface 12 and the third surface 13; the fifth surface 15 is inclined from the fourth side to the direction close to the second surface 12 and the third surface 13; the second side is arranged toward the opening and closing cover 2 and the axis of symmetry, and the third side is arranged opposite to the second side.

[0052] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the spoiler 1 is a quadrangular pyramid structure, the bottom surface of which is a first surface 11, the first surface 11 is a quadrilateral, and the second surface 12 is perpendicular to the first side of the first surface 11. Along the height direction of the spoiler 1, from the end away from the front of the trailing vehicle to the first surface 11 that is in contact with the front of the trailing vehicle, the size of the spoiler 1 gradually increases. This arrangement of small at the top and large at the bottom can effectively improve the strength and rigidity of the spoiler 1. Figure 1-Figure 3 The spoiler 1 shown is mainly used when the spoiler 1 is close to the axis of symmetry.

[0053] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the first surface 11 of the spoiler 1 is a curved surface, and the end of the first surface 11 away from the symmetry axis has an extension toward the outer surface of the front of the tail vehicle where it is installed. In the actual installation process, Figure 4-Figure 6 The spoiler 1 shown is generally used in the case where the spoiler 1 is at a reduced distance from the axis of symmetry. During the installation process, since the cross section of the front of the tail vehicle is an arc, the first surface 11 of the spoiler 1 needs to fit with the front of the tail vehicle during the installation process. Figure 5As shown, the first surface 11 is curved with one end away from the axis of symmetry toward the outer surface of the front of the tail vehicle at which it is installed, one end of the third surface 13 is connected to the second edge, and the third surface 13 has a parallel surface parallel to the second surface 12 and an inclined surface arranged at an angle, and the parallel surface and the inclined surface are transitioned by an arc surface.

[0054] Apart from Figures 1-6 The spoiler 1 shown can also be set to other shapes that meet the requirements, which are determined according to actual conditions and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, a guide arc is provided between any two adjacent surfaces of the first surface 11, the second surface 12, the third surface 13, the fourth surface 14 and the fifth surface 15. By providing a transition arc surface, the connection between the adjacent surfaces of the spoiler 1 can be made smoother, thereby optimizing the aerodynamic effect.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 4 As shown, the fourth surface 14 and the fifth surface 15 have an inwardly arcuate depression, and the fourth surface 14 and the fifth surface 15 are transitioned by an arc surface, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 、 Figure 5 As shown, the third surface 13 and the second surface 12 are also transitioned through an arc.

[0057] In order to reduce the weight of the spoiler 1 itself, the spoiler 1 can be set to be a spoiler 1 made of fiberglass or carbon fiber. Of course, the spoiler 1 can also be made of other materials that meet the requirements, which is determined according to actual conditions.

[0058] During the installation of the spoiler 1, the distance between the spoiler 1 and the opening and closing cover 2 needs to be optimized, such as Figure 7 As shown, four different installation positions of the spoiler 1 are provided. During the specific optimization process, the spoiler 1 can be first installed at one end near the front window of the driver's cab, and the aerodynamic drag of the train under the action of the spoiler 1 is simulated and calculated. Then, the spoiler 1 can be gradually moved toward the opening and closing cover 2 by a distance L1, and the aerodynamic drag of the train under the action of the spoiler 1 is simulated and calculated at the second position. Then, the spoiler 1 is further moved toward the opening and closing cover 2 by a distance L1, and the aerodynamic drag of the train under the action of the spoiler 1 is simulated and calculated at the third position. The spoiler 1 is further moved toward the opening and closing cover 2 by a distance L1, and the aerodynamic drag of the train under the action of the spoiler 1 is simulated and calculated at the fourth position. The closer the spoiler 1 is to the opening and closing cover 2, the more obvious the drag reduction effect is during the simulation calculation of the aerodynamic drag of the train under the action of the spoiler 1. Specifically, the closest distance between the spoiler 1 and the opening and closing cover 2 can be set to 100-1000 mm. Of course, due to the large differences in the sizes of different types of rail vehicles, the closest distance between the spoiler 1 and the opening and closing cover 2 can also be other values.

[0059] In the process of optimizing the height of the spoiler 1, the height of the spoiler 1 is as follows: Figure 10 The h marked in the figure is the height of the spoiler 1 in the direction perpendicular to the driver's cab hood 3. The spoiler 1 is installed at an appropriate distance from the opening and closing cover 2. The train aerodynamic drag is simulated and calculated for spoilers 1 installed at the same position but with different heights h. As the height of the spoiler 1 increases, the aerodynamic drag reduction effect of the entire vehicle first increases and then decreases. When the spoiler 1 is too high, the air obstruction effect increases the aerodynamic drag on other vehicles on the train, and the drag reduction effect of the entire vehicle is weakened. Specifically, the height of the spoiler 1 can be set to 100-600mm. Of course, due to the large differences in the sizes of different types of rail vehicles, the height of the spoiler 1 can also be other values.

[0060] like Figure 9 The diagrams shown are schematic diagrams of four different positions of a pair of spoilers 1. In optimizing the distance L2 between the pair of spoilers 1, the spoilers 1 can be positioned at an appropriate distance from the opening and closing cover 2, and the height of the spoilers 1 can be set to an optimal value. The distance L2 is then continuously varied to obtain models of the spoilers 1 at different spacings L2. Simulation calculations of train aerodynamic drag are then performed for the spoilers 1 at different spacings L2. The aerodynamic drag of the entire train decreases within a certain range as the spacing between the spoilers 1 decreases. When the spacing between the spoilers 1 decreases to a certain extent, the aerodynamic drag of the entire train increases rapidly. Specifically, the spacing L2 between two adjacent spoilers 1 can be set to 30-500 mm. Of course, due to the large size differences between different models of rail vehicles, the spacing L2 between two adjacent spoilers 1 can also be other values.

[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, along the extension direction of the spoiler 1, the angle between the spoiler 1 and the symmetry axis is θ. In the process of optimizing the angle θ between the spoiler 1 and the symmetry axis, the spoiler 1 needs to be rotated along the symmetry center axis of the height plane to obtain models of the spoiler 1 with different installation angles. Since the installation surface of the spoiler 1 needs to fit the surface of the driver's cab hood 3, when the installation angle exceeds a certain degree, the increase in the installation angle causes the bevel of the spoiler 1 to increase, thereby bringing additional shape changes. Therefore, when the installation angle of the spoiler 1 exceeds a certain degree, the spoiler 1 can be designed as follows Figure 4-6 The structure shown maintains the width of the spoiler 1 unchanged. Simulations of the aerodynamic drag of vehicles with spoilers 1 installed at different angles reveal that the vehicle's aerodynamic drag reduction effect increases with increasing installation angle. Therefore, during the specific configuration process, the angle between the spoiler 1 and the axis of symmetry can be set to be greater than 20° and less than 90°. Alternatively, for a more pronounced drag reduction effect, the angle can be set close to 90°. The specific angle should be determined based on actual conditions.

[0062] The aerodynamic drag of the entire train model is simulated and calculated for the optimized tail car spoiler 1, and compared with the aerodynamic drag of the original train model without the spoiler 1 installed. Figure 14 As shown in the figure, the vertical axis represents aerodynamic drag in N, and the horizontal axis represents vehicle position. By installing spoiler 1 on the rear vehicle, the rear vehicle's aerodynamic drag is significantly reduced, by approximately 7.2% compared to the original model, and the overall vehicle's aerodynamic drag is reduced by approximately 1.7% compared to the original model. Figure 15 The comparison of aerodynamic lift of each section of the vehicle with the rear spoiler 1 and the original vehicle is given in Figure 15 It can be seen that the upward positive lift of the rear vehicle after the spoiler 1 is installed is significantly reduced compared with the original model, by about 50.8%.

[0063] In addition, after the spoiler 1 is installed, the positive pressure area in the area between the opening and closing cover 2 and the front window of the driver's cab is significantly increased, and the negative pressure area of the opening and closing cover 2 in the downstream area of the spoiler 1 is also reduced compared with the original model; the air flow rate in the upstream and downstream areas of the spoiler 1 is significantly reduced compared with the original model. This is the main reason for the increase in pressure in the area between the front window of the driver's cab of the tail car and the opening and closing cover 2 and in the opening and closing cover 2 area.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, a reinforcing plate 4 is provided on the inner side of the front of the tail vehicle, and the spoiler 1 is installed on the reinforcing plate 4. The provision of the reinforcing plate 4 can improve the strength of the position for installing the spoiler 1 in the front of the tail vehicle, thereby improving the installation firmness of the spoiler 1.

[0065] Specifically, such as Figure 12 As shown, the spoiler 1 is internally provided with an embedded nut assembly 5. This embedded nut assembly 5 can be an aluminum or steel plate with welded nuts, or a machined aluminum or steel plate with threaded holes. To enhance the strength and rigidity of the cab hood 3 where the spoiler 1 is mounted, a reinforcement plate 4 is bonded or welded to the interior of the cab hood 3 at the location where the spoiler 1 is mounted. Holes for the bolts 6 are provided in the cab hood 3 and reinforcement plate 4, which connect the cab hood 3 to the nut assembly inside the spoiler 1.

[0066] like Figure 13 As shown, an aluminum alloy or stainless steel backing plate 7 is embedded within the spoiler 1. Connecting holes for bolts 6 are provided in the cab hood 3. An aluminum or steel plate with threaded sleeves is welded or bonded to the interior of the cab hood 3 to enhance the strength and rigidity of the cab hood 3 where the spoiler 1 is mounted. Through holes for the bolts 6 are provided at the connection point between the spoiler 1 and the embedded backing plate 7. Bolts 6 are used to connect the cab hood 3 to the spoiler 1.

[0067] The “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” and “fifth” in the first surface 11 , second surface 12 , third surface 13 , fourth surface 14 , and fifth surface 15 mentioned in this application document are merely for distinguishing the different positions and have no order of precedence.

[0068] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Any combination of all the embodiments provided by the present invention is within the scope of protection of this invention and will not be described in detail here.

[0069] The above is a detailed introduction to the rail vehicle spoiler device provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, various improvements and modifications may be made to the present invention, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail vehicle spoiler device, the rail vehicle comprising a tail car head, the tail car head comprising an opening and closing cover (2) arranged at an end thereof and a driver's cab head cover (3) connected to the opening and closing cover (2), the driver's cab head cover (3) being provided with a driver's cab front window spaced apart from the opening and closing cover (2); characterized in that: The rail vehicle spoiler device comprises a pair of spoilers (1) for being mounted on the outer surface of the front end of the tail vehicle, wherein the pair of spoilers (1) are symmetrically arranged about a symmetry axis, and the symmetry axis is along the extension direction of the front end of the tail vehicle; The spoiler (1) is installed between the opening and closing cover (2) and the front window of the driver's cab; and the spoiler (1) is perpendicular to the outer shell surface of the front of the tail vehicle at which it is located; Along the length direction of the spoiler (1), from one end close to the opening and closing cover (2) to one end close to the front window of the driver's cab, the spoiler (1) is inclined in a direction away from the symmetry axis, and the angle between the spoiler (1) and the symmetry axis is greater than 0° and less than 90°; The spoiler comprises: The first surface (11) that is in contact with the outer surface of the front end of the tail vehicle is a quadrilateral bottom surface; a second surface (12) vertically connected to the first side of the first surface (11); The third surface (13), the fourth surface (14) and the fifth surface (15) are respectively connected to the second side, the third side and the fourth side of the first surface (11); the third surface (13) is inclined from the second side to the direction close to the second surface (12); the third surface (13) is a triangle, the fourth surface (14) is inclined from the third side to the direction close to the second surface (12) and the third surface (13); the fifth surface (13) is inclined from the fourth side to the direction close to the second surface (12) and the third surface (13); The second side is arranged toward the opening and closing cover (2) and the symmetry axis, and the third side is arranged opposite to the second side; The first surface (11) is a curved arc surface, and one end of the first surface (11) away from the symmetry axis has an extension toward the outer surface of the tail vehicle head at the installation position; A flow guide arc is provided between any two adjacent surfaces of the first surface (11), the second surface (12), the third surface (13), the fourth surface (14) and the fifth surface (15).

2. The rail vehicle spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler (1) is a spoiler made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fiber.

3. The rail vehicle spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler (1) is arranged close to the opening and closing cover (2), and the closest distance between the spoiler (1) and the opening and closing cover (2) is 100-1000 mm.

4. The rail vehicle spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the spoiler (1) in a direction perpendicular to the driver's cab hood (3) on which it is located is 100-600 mm; And / or, the distance between two adjacent spoilers (1) is 30-500 mm.

5. The rail vehicle spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing plate (4) is provided on the inner side of the front end of the tail vehicle, and the spoiler (1) is mounted on the reinforcing plate (4).

6. The rail vehicle spoiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spoiler (1) is mounted on the front of the tail vehicle by means of bolts, and an embedded nut assembly (5) is provided in the spoiler (1), and the bolt (6) passes through the reinforcing plate (4) and is threadedly connected to the embedded nut assembly (5).

7. The rail vehicle spoiler according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spoiler (1) is mounted on the front of the tail vehicle via bolts (6); the spoiler (1) is provided with a backing plate (7); the backing plate (7) is provided with a through hole for the bolt (6) to pass through; and the reinforcing plate (4) is provided with a threaded hole that cooperates with the bolt (6).

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