A Wide-range Dual-channel Ejector with Quick-switching Function

Abstract

The present invention provides a wide - range dual - channel ejector with quick switching, which includes a gas supply module, a nozzle module, and a diffusion module connected in sequence. The nozzle includes a primary nozzle and a secondary nozzle installed inside the primary nozzle; the primary nozzle includes a primary nozzle tube, one end of the primary nozzle tube is connected to a primary flange, and the other end is provided with a primary outlet. The secondary nozzle includes a secondary nozzle tube, one end of the secondary nozzle tube is connected to a secondary flange, the edge of the secondary flange is provided with a primary nozzle inlet, the center of the secondary flange is provided with a secondary nozzle inlet, and the other end is provided with a secondary outlet; a proportional solenoid valve for controlling the intake air volume of the primary flow channel and a switch solenoid valve for controlling the intake air volume of the secondary nozzle intake channel are installed on the gas supply module. The wide - range dual - channel ejector with quick switching of the present invention realizes the quick switching of the hydrogen flow requirements of the fuel cell system for low - power and high - power through the switch solenoid valve, and there is no adjustment lag. It has a reasonable structure, a small volume, and is convenient for processing and assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to an ejector for a hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] In the automotive field, as a new energy power battery that can replace traditional internal combustion engines, fuel cells have the advantages of short hydrogen refueling time, long driving range, and zero-pollution emissions, which have attracted wide attention.

[0003] In order to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen in the fuel cell system, the hydrogen supply system usually uses an ejector or a hydrogen circulation pump to reintroduce the unreacted hydrogen into the fuel cell for reuse. The hydrogen circulation pump has disadvantages such as high power consumption, high cost, large volume, and large mass. The ejector can make up for these disadvantages of the hydrogen circulation pump. However, as a passive mechanical device, when the internal size structure is determined, the ejection range of the ejector has certain limitations and cannot meet the requirements of wide power range coverage of high-power fuel cells. The double-stage ejector can solve the above problems and is therefore widely used in fuel cell systems. However, the double-stage ejector has disadvantages such as large volume and hysteresis in the two-stage switching. In view of this, there is an urgent need for an ejector with a small volume and no hysteresis in the two-stage switching. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problem of hysteresis in the two-stage switching of the existing ejector, the present invention provides a wide-domain dual-channel ejector with a small volume, easy to assemble by technicians, and capable of rapid switching.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A wide-domain dual-channel ejector capable of rapid switching, comprising a gas supply module, a nozzle module, and a diffusion module connected in sequence. A nozzle accommodation cavity and a secondary flow channel communicating with the nozzle accommodation cavity are provided in the nozzle module. A nozzle is installed in the nozzle accommodation cavity. The nozzle includes a primary nozzle and a secondary nozzle installed in the primary nozzle. The primary nozzle includes a primary nozzle tube. One end of the primary nozzle tube is connected to a primary flange, and the other end is provided with a primary outlet. The secondary nozzle includes a secondary nozzle tube. One end of the secondary nozzle tube is connected to a secondary flange. The edge of the secondary flange is provided with a primary nozzle inlet, and the center of the secondary flange is provided with a secondary nozzle inlet. The other end is provided with a secondary outlet.

[0007] A primary flow channel, a primary nozzle air inlet channel, and a secondary nozzle air inlet channel are provided in the gas supply module. A proportional solenoid valve for controlling the air intake volume of the primary flow channel and a switching solenoid valve for controlling the air intake volume of the secondary nozzle air inlet channel are installed on the gas supply module.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of the primary nozzle inlets are provided.

[0009] Preferably, the plurality of primary nozzle inlets are evenly distributed on the secondary flange.

[0010] Preferably, an air suction chamber, a mixing chamber and a diffusion chamber are arranged in the diffusion module.

[0011] Preferably, a pressure sensor is connected to the end of the diffusion module.

[0012] Preferably, an installation groove is arranged in the primary flange, and the secondary flange is placed in the installation groove.

[0013] Preferably, the proportional solenoid valve is screwed onto the air supply module.

[0014] Preferably, the on-off solenoid valve is screwed onto the air supply module.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] The ejector nozzle of the present invention includes a primary nozzle and a secondary nozzle. The two adopt a nested structure and share the same suction chamber, mixing chamber and diffusion chamber. Compared with a two-stage ejector, it has a smaller size and saves space.

[0017] The primary nozzle inlet and the secondary nozzle inlet in the nozzle adopt an integrated design. Four openings are machined around the secondary nozzle inlet as the primary nozzle inlet; the outlet of the secondary nozzle is circular, and the secondary nozzle is nested in the primary nozzle. The outlet of the primary nozzle forms an annular shape. This structure is convenient for processing and installation and is suitable for industrial production.

[0018] The on-off solenoid valve is used to realize the rapid switching of the hydrogen flow rate requirements of the fuel cell system between low power and high power, and there is no adjustment lag. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is the front view of the ejector of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ejector of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is the exploded view of the nozzle part of the ejector of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is the exploded view of a part of the structure of the ejector of the present invention;

[0023] In the above figures: 1. Gas supply module; 11. Primary flow channel; 12. Proportional solenoid valve mounting hole; 13. Secondary nozzle intake channel; 14. Primary flow inlet joint; 15. On-off solenoid valve mounting hole; 16. Primary nozzle intake channel; 2. Nozzle module; 21. Secondary flow channel; 22. Secondary flow inlet joint; 23. Nozzle accommodation chamber; 3. Diffusion module; 31. Ejector outlet; 32. Suction chamber; 33. Mixing chamber; 34. Diffusion chamber; 35. Pressure sensor; 4. Proportional solenoid valve; 5. On-off solenoid valve; 6. Nozzle; 61. Primary nozzle; 611. Primary nozzle tube; 612. Primary flange; 613. Primary outlet; 614. Secondary flange mounting groove; 62. Secondary nozzle; 621. Secondary nozzle tube; 622. Secondary flange; 623. Secondary outlet; 624. Primary nozzle inlet; 625. Secondary nozzle inlet. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] For a better understanding of the present invention, specific descriptions will be given below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Embodiment: As Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, a wide-range dual-channel ejector capable of rapid switching includes, from left to right, a gas supply module 1, a nozzle module 2, and a diffusion module 3 connected in sequence. An ejector outlet 31 is connected to the end of the diffusion module 3.

[0026] The interior of the gas supply module 1 is machined to obtain an internal channel for the flow of working gas, including a primary flow channel 11 for flowing hydrogen after two-stage decompression, a proportional solenoid valve mounting hole 12 for mounting the proportional solenoid valve 4, an on-off solenoid valve mounting hole 15 for mounting the on-off solenoid valve 6, a primary nozzle intake channel 16 connecting to the primary nozzle inlet 624, and a secondary nozzle intake channel 13 connecting to the primary nozzle inlet 624. An NPT thread is provided at the inlet of the primary flow channel 11. One end of the primary flow inlet joint 14 is screwed to the inlet through the NPT thread, and a metal ferrule is provided at the other end of the primary flow inlet joint 14.

[0027] The proportional solenoid valve mounting hole 12 is communicated with the primary flow channel 11. Internal threads are provided in the proportional solenoid valve mounting hole 12. The proportional solenoid valve 4 is screwed into the proportional solenoid valve mounting hole 12 through the thread. The opening degree of the primary flow channel 11 can be changed by the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 4, thereby adjusting the flow rate. Internal threads are provided in the on-off solenoid valve mounting hole 15. The on-off solenoid valve 6 is screwed into the on-off solenoid valve mounting hole 15 through the thread. A primary nozzle intake channel 16 communicating with the primary nozzle inlet 624 is provided below the on-off solenoid valve mounting hole 15. The opening and closing of the primary nozzle intake channel 16 can be controlled by the on-off solenoid valve 6.

[0028] The air supply module 1 is connected to the nozzle module 2 by bolts. A nozzle receiving cavity 23 and a secondary flow channel 21 communicating with the nozzle receiving cavity 23 are provided in the nozzle module 2. A secondary flow inlet joint 22 is connected to the inlet of the secondary flow channel 21 by threads.

[0029] A nozzle is installed in the nozzle receiving cavity 23. As Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, the nozzle includes a primary nozzle 61 and a secondary nozzle 62 installed in the primary nozzle 61. The primary nozzle 61 includes a primary nozzle tube 611. One end of the primary nozzle tube 611 is connected to a primary flange 612, and the other end gradually narrows to form a primary outlet 613. The secondary nozzle 62 includes a secondary nozzle tube 621. One end of the secondary nozzle tube 621 is connected to a secondary flange 622, and the other end gradually narrows to form a secondary outlet 623. The outer diameter of the secondary outlet 623 is smaller than the inner diameter of the primary outlet 613, and the air flow can be ejected through the gap between the two. A secondary nozzle inlet 625 is provided at the center of the secondary flange 622. The secondary nozzle inlet 625 communicates with the secondary nozzle 62. A primary nozzle inlet 624 is provided at the edge of the secondary flange 622. The primary nozzle inlet 624 communicates with the primary nozzle 61. Preferably, a plurality of primary nozzle inlets 624 are provided. In this embodiment, four primary nozzle inlets 624 are provided and are evenly distributed on the secondary flange 622.

[0030] To facilitate the assembly of the nozzle, a secondary flange installation groove 614 is provided in the primary flange 612. The secondary flange 622 is placed in the secondary flange installation groove 614. At the same time, a primary nozzle installation groove is provided at the left end of the nozzle module 2. The primary flange 612 is engaged in the primary nozzle installation groove to complete the positioning and assembly of the nozzle, which is very convenient.

[0031] An air suction chamber 32, a mixing chamber 33, and a diffusion chamber 34 are sequentially arranged in the diffusion module 3 from left to right. A pressure sensor 35 is connected to the end of the diffusion module 3. The internal gas pressure at the end of the diffusion chamber 34 is detected by the pressure sensor 35.

[0032] The operation process of this quickly switchable wide - range dual - channel ejector is as follows:

[0033] When the fuel cell system operates at low power, the hydrogen gas after two-stage pressure reduction in the fuel cell hydrogen storage system flows into the primary flow channel 11 through the primary flow inlet joint 14, and passes through the proportional solenoid valve 4 in the air supply module 1. The opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 4 is controlled and adjusted by the fuel cell system according to the output power. At this time, the proportional solenoid valve 4 is opened, and the hydrogen gas enters the primary nozzle 61 to form a low-pressure area at the outlet of the primary nozzle 61. The hydrogen gas that does not participate in the chemical reaction is sucked into the suction chamber 32 through the secondary flow inlet joint 22. After the primary flow gas and the secondary flow gas are mixed in the mixing chamber 33 and further fully mixed in the diffusion chamber 34, the hydrogen gas pressure is detected by the pressure sensor 35. The pressure sensor 35 feeds back the data to the controller, and the controller judges whether the hydrogen gas pressure meets the requirements of the fuel cell system, and uses it as a control signal to adjust the proportional solenoid valve 4. Finally, the hydrogen gas enters the anode side inlet of the fuel cell system through the ejector outlet 31.

[0034] When the fuel cell system operates at high power, the hydrogen gas after two-stage pressure reduction in the fuel cell hydrogen storage system enters the primary flow channel 11 through the primary flow inlet joint 14, then flows through the proportional solenoid valve 4 and is ejected through the primary nozzle 61. When the flow rate is insufficient, the controller controls the switch solenoid valve 6 to open, and a part of the air flow enters only the inside of the secondary nozzle 62 through the secondary nozzle air inlet channel 13 and is ejected through the secondary nozzle outlet. A low-pressure area is formed at the suction chamber 32 to eject and reflux the hydrogen gas that does not participate in the chemical reaction to the suction chamber 32, and finally enters the anode side inlet of the fuel cell system through the ejector outlet 31.

[0035] For the ejector described in this embodiment, its nozzles include a primary nozzle 61 and a secondary nozzle 62, which adopt a nested structure and share the same suction chamber, mixing chamber 33 and diffusion chamber 34. Compared with a two-stage ejector, it has a small size and saves space.

[0036] The primary nozzle inlet 624 and the secondary nozzle inlet 625 in the nozzle adopt an integrated design. Four openings are machined around the secondary nozzle inlet 625 as the primary nozzle inlet 624; the secondary nozzle outlet is circular, and the secondary nozzle 62 is nested inside the primary nozzle 61. The outlet of the primary nozzle forms an annular shape. This structure is convenient for processing and installation and is suitable for industrial production.

[0037] The switch solenoid valve 6 is used to achieve a rapid switch of the hydrogen gas flow rate requirements of the fuel cell system between low power and high power, without adjustment hysteresis.

[0038] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the technical content disclosed above to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide-range dual-channel ejector with quick switching, characterized in that: It includes a gas supply module, a nozzle module and a diffusion module connected in sequence. The nozzle module is provided with a nozzle accommodation cavity and a secondary flow channel communicating with the nozzle accommodation cavity. A nozzle is installed in the nozzle accommodation cavity. The nozzle includes a primary nozzle and a secondary nozzle installed in the primary nozzle. The primary nozzle includes a primary nozzle tube. One end of the primary nozzle tube is connected to a primary flange, and the other end is provided with a primary outlet. The secondary nozzle includes a secondary nozzle tube. One end of the secondary nozzle tube is connected to a secondary flange. The edge of the secondary flange is provided with a primary nozzle inlet, the center of the secondary flange is provided with a secondary nozzle inlet, and the other end is provided with a secondary outlet. The gas supply module is provided with a primary flow channel, a primary nozzle air inlet channel and a secondary nozzle air inlet channel. A proportional solenoid valve for controlling the air intake volume of the primary flow channel and a switch solenoid valve for controlling the air intake volume of the secondary nozzle air inlet channel are installed on the gas supply module. The primary nozzle inlets are provided in multiple numbers, and the multiple primary nozzle inlets are evenly distributed on the secondary flange. An installation groove is provided in the primary flange, and the secondary flange is placed in the installation groove.

2. The quickly-switchable wide-range dual-channel ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diffusion module is provided with a suction chamber, a mixing chamber and a diffusion chamber.

3. The quickly-switchable wide-domain dual-channel ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is connected to the end of the diffusion module.

4. The quickly switchable wide-domain dual-channel ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proportional solenoid valve is screwed onto the gas supply module.

5. The quickly switchable wide-range dual-channel ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch solenoid valve is screwed onto the gas supply module.

Images