Coating agent, use thereof and method for producing an article suitable for use

Abstract

A binder, which consists of at least one wax and, if necessary, other additives, characterized in that the at least one wax consists of a base wax portion and a synthetic wax portion, and the melting point of the synthetic wax portion is greater than / higher than the melting point of the base wax portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a coating composition and its use as well as a method for producing an object suitable for use. Background Art

[0002] Preparations / primers for improving the adhesion between a base layer / substrate and a covering layer thereon are known in principle.

[0003] It is also known that in the process of automobile design, realistic and correctly proportioned models are produced, in particular, from modeling clay applied to a substrate. Here, the combination of modeling clay and substrate is necessary in order to reduce the weight of the clay model formed. In order to achieve sufficient adhesion / adhesion between substrate and modeling clay, in a first working step, the modeler usually first applies a thin layer of modeling clay with great force. Only in a further working step can the application of the desired thickness of the layer (in the modeling or design process) begin, which is about 5 cm thick.

[0004] When producing models according to the known prior art, the substrate is pretreated with a barrier layer, such as shellac, in order to bind dust on the substrate surface, since dust can on the one hand contaminate the modeling clay and on the other hand reduce the adhesion between clay and substrate.

[0005] This problem occurs both when the clay is applied manually to the substrate and when the clay is applied semi-automatically and / or fully automatically to the substrate surface.

[0006] An example that can be cited is the semi-automatic application of clay, which is described in detail in DE 29720892 U1 and DE 102016109816 A1, for example. The modeling clay is heated and conveyed in the machine shown in order to finally convey it in a conveying hose to an application nozzle. Although the actual application of industrial clay is significantly easier for the modeler by means of a system of this type, it also proves to be disadvantageous that the adhesion between the modeling clay and the substrate surface is greatly reduced. The necessary pressure for applying the first thin layer of clay cannot be applied by means of a semi-automatic application system. The direct consequence of this is that the clay is merely placed on the surface of the substrate and the desired adhesion is therefore not formed.

[0007] Furthermore, it has been shown that the preparations / primers conventionally used to date cannot compensate for the missing force expenditure for producing good adhesion. Summary of the invention

[0008] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a coating composition which does not have the abovementioned disadvantages and which ensures, in particular, sufficient adhesion at the contact surface / interface between porous substrate and technical clay.

[0009] Another object of the invention is the use of the coating agent in the design process of automobile development.

[0010] Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for creating a design model in automobile research and development.

[0011] The above object is achieved by the features included in the technical solution of the present invention.

[0012] Advantageous embodiments and developments of the solution according to the invention are included in the further description.

[0013] The coating composition of the present invention is composed of at least one wax / wax fraction and, if necessary, other additives. The at least one wax fraction is present as a base wax fraction and a synthetic wax fraction.

[0014] The coating composition can also be referred to as a primer. The base wax fraction is present as a wax and / or wax mixture, the melting range of which is between 60° C. and 80° C. The melting point of the base wax fraction is therefore slightly below the application temperature / processing temperature of industrial clays, which is about 80° C. It has been shown to be advantageous for the wax and / or wax mixture to be present as microwax and / or paraffin. The base wax fraction accounts for 20% to 70% by weight of the coating composition, preferably 25% to 65% by weight.

[0015] Furthermore, it has surprisingly been shown that special effects are achieved by combining the above-mentioned waxes and / or wax mixtures, the so-called base wax fraction, with synthetic waxes or synthetic wax mixtures. In this respect, the melting point of the synthetic wax fraction is greater than / higher than the melting point of the base wax fraction.

[0016] Examples of synthetic waxes which may be mentioned are ethylene-propylene polymers, polyethylene waxes (polyethylene oxide) and / or poly-alpha-olefins. The synthetic wax fraction accounts for 30 to 80% by weight of the coating composition, preferably 35 to 65% by weight.

[0017] The combination of the base wax portion with the synthetic wax portion provides the advantage that, after the coating agent is applied to the porous substrate in the subsequent application, only partial melting of the base wax portion occurs in the coating agent due to the heat introduced by the technical clay at the processing temperature. This means that at any point in time, a sufficient connection of the technical clay to the substrate is established by the unmelted or unmelted synthetic wax, and therefore the melted base wax portion does not produce a lubricant film, or only a weak lubricant film. By melting the base wax portion in the coating agent, a direct connection to the technical clay is provided, which is reflected in the increased adhesion between the substrate and the technical clay after cooling.

[0018] Before the actual application of the industrial clay to the substrate, the coating agent is heated and melted and applied to the substrate in a planar or full-surface manner either manually by means of a brush and / or a silicone roller or by machine using a hot wax spray gun. The effect of improved adhesion can be achieved by applying the coating agent manually and / or by machine. However, it has surprisingly been found that when applying by spraying (for example with a hot wax gun), "spider-web-like" silk and / or silk structures are produced, because the wax part of the coating agent has already solidified during the spraying process. The advantage of the resulting silk structure is that no undesirable aerosols are formed in the ambient air and the user does not have to wear a breathing mask.

[0019] When producing the design model, it is important for the method steps described above that the coating agent cools down before the actual application of the technical clay and is therefore present in solidified form on the substrate in order to ensure good adhesion of the technical clay to the substrate.

[0020] The significant improvement in adhesion can be attributed to the fact that the heat introduced by the industrial clay applied in a hot state causes the wax and / or a part of the wax part, in particular the base wax part, to melt or at least melt, thereby forming a direct increase in adhesion between the industrial clay component and the substrate.

[0021] For example, a semi-automatic application method for applying industrial clay by means of an applicator can be cited, by which the heated industrial clay is conveyed from a storage container via a heated hose system to the application location on the substrate. Since the coating agent at least partially melts again during the application process, a base wax and / or base wax mixture must be used which has its melting range within the application temperature of the industrial clay. The application or processing temperature of the industrial clay is 60° C. to 80° C. For example, microwax and / or paraffin wax meet this condition and can be used.

[0022] By combining with the synthetic wax, the coating agent only partially melts, since the melting point of the synthetic wax portion is above the processing temperature of the industrial clay. This allows sufficient bonding to the substrate or base surface at any point in time during the application of the coating agent and / or the method for producing the design model, since the melted base wax and / or base wax portion only forms a very weak lubricant film.

[0023] Furthermore, the synthetic waxes partially provide a spider-web-like structure when applied with a hot wax gun. If only paraffin wax and / or microwax are used as coating agents, this will result in reduced adhesion and, moreover, aerosols will form in the air during spraying, which will require additional protective measures.

[0024] Examples of further additives in coating compositions are rheological additives, adhesion promoters and / or colorants.

[0025] Rheology additives can modify the flow behavior in a targeted manner, even at elevated temperatures. This is particularly important in vertical areas of the substrate.

[0026] The colorant can be present as a dye or as a pigment. One exemplary advantage of using a colorant is that after the coating agent is applied to the substrate, it can be easily determined whether and at which locations the coating agent is already present on the substrate surface.

[0027] By using adhesion promoters, the viscosity of the coating composition is increased in the hot state. In addition, coatings with so-called adhesion promoters cure faster.

[0028] The invention is described in more detail below with the aid of two framework examples and several recipe examples.

[0029] Framework Example 1

[0030] 20–70% by weight base wax and / or base wax fraction (BW)

[0031] 30–80% by weight synthetic wax (SW)

[0032] 0-20% by weight other additives

[0033] Framework Example 2

[0034] 35–65% by weight base wax fraction (BW)

[0035] 65–35% by weight synthetic wax (SW)

[0036] 0–10% by weight other additives

[0037] Formulation Example 1 - Coating Agent

[0038] 40% by weight paraffin wax (BW)

[0039] 60% by weight of synthetic wax (SW)

[0040] Formulation Example 2 - Coating Agent

[0041] 28% paraffin wax by weight

[0042] 30% by weight micro wax

[0043] 42% by weight synthetic wax

[0044] Formulation Example 3 - Coating Agent

[0045] 58% by weight microwax

[0046] 37% by weight synthetic wax

[0047] 5% by weight of colorants, rheological additives and tackifiers

[0048] Formulation Example - Lightweight Industrial Clay (Prior Art)

[0049] 33% paraffin wax + micro wax by weight

[0050] 5% by weight white oil

[0051] 45% by weight calcium stearate (filler)

[0052] 16% by weight lightweight filler

[0053] 2% by weight of iron oxide as a colorant

[0054] In order to be able to determine and evaluate the improvement in adhesion, a tensile test is performed using a Zwick universal testing machine. Here, the specimen is clamped at both ends. After the specimen is clamped, the clamping system is expanded at a defined speed and the maximum force Fmax required for the specimen to break is measured.

[0055] In the case of the subject matter of the present application, the test specimens consisted of a layer model consisting of a base body, a coating agent and technical clay, wherein the clamping points were formed on the one hand on the base body and on the other hand by the technical clay. The tensile tests were carried out at room temperature.

[0056] The Fmax is determined, wherein an increase in Fmax is correlated to improved adhesion.

[0057] The porous matrix was present in the test as a porous foam.

[0058] Specimen dimensions: 55 mm long, 10 mm wide, and 120 mm high.

[0059] The present invention increases the adhesion between industrial clay and the substrate, which is now explained in detail with the help of the following table.

[0060] Table: Increase in adhesion

[0061]

[0062] The method of the present invention for producing a model or designing a model in automobile development is described in detail below.

[0063] The method is divided into the following process steps:

[0064] Step 1 : A substrate is provided, which preferably has a porous structure.

[0065] Step 2: A molten coating agent is applied to a substrate by a manual or machine application method, wherein during application, the coating agent has a temperature at which the base wax portion and the synthetic wax portion are present in a molten state.

[0066] Step 3 : The coating agent is solidified on the surface of the substrate by passive cooling at room temperature and / or active cooling by a cooling system (such as a fan).

[0067] Step 4 : Applying at least one layer of industrial clay, wherein during the application, the temperature of the industrial clay is about 60°C to 120°C, preferably 70°C to 100°C, wherein the application of the industrial clay is carried out manually, semi-automatically and / or fully automatically.

[0068] Optional Step 5 : Finishing / polishing of the surface to perfect and / or adjust the design.

[0069] Application: The coating agent of the present invention is used for manufacturing design models in automobile research and development, wherein the coating agent is formed as an intermediate layer between a porous substrate and industrial clay.

Claims

1. A design model in the automotive industry, in, The model is designed as a layer model, wherein the layer model has at least two layers, wherein at least one layer is present as a matrix and wherein at least one other layer consists of technical clay, It is characterized in that A further layer is arranged between the matrix and the layer of technical clay, the further layer being present as a binder, the binder consisting of at least one wax and other additives, the at least one wax consisting of a base wax part and a synthetic wax part, and The melting point of the synthetic wax portion is greater than the processing temperature of the industrial clay and the melting point of the base wax portion is lower than the processing temperature of the industrial clay, wherein the base wax portion is between 20% by weight and 70% by weight, and The proportion of synthetic wax is between 30% and 80% by weight.

2. The model according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The base wax is formed partly as microwax and / or paraffin wax, and The melting point of the base wax portion is between 60°C and 80°C.

3. A model according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The synthetic wax is present partly as ethylene-propylene polymer, polyethylene wax and / or poly-alpha-olefin, and The melting point of synthetic wax is greater than 80°C.

4. A method for producing a design model according to claim 1 in automobile development, It is characterized in that The method is divided into the following process steps: Step 1: Providing a substrate with a porous structure, Step 2: Apply the coating to the substrate by manual or machine application, wherein the temperature of the coating agent during application is 60° C. to 120° C., Step 3: Curing of the coating on the substrate by passive cooling at room temperature and / or active cooling by a cooling system, Step 4: applying one or more layers of industrial clay, wherein the temperature of the industrial clay is 60° C.-80° C. during the application, wherein the application of the industrial clay is performed manually, semi-automatically and / or fully automatically.

5. The method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The method further comprises step 5, In step 5, finishing of the surfaces is performed to perfect the design.

6. The method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that During application, the temperature of the coating agent is 70°C to 100°C.

7. The method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The surface finishing includes surface polishing.

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