A sphere precision machining device and a sphere precision machining method

Abstract

The present invention provides a sphere precision machining device and machining method, including a cavity, an abrasive flow and a circulation device, a workpiece is placed in the cavity, the cavity is composed of two hollow hemispheres, the two hemispheres are respectively provided with main flow channels, the main flow channels are connected to the cavity; one end of the main flow channels of the two hemispheres is respectively connected to the circulation device, and the abrasive flow grinds the workpiece through the circulation device. Several main flow channels are evenly distributed inside the hemisphere, and each of the main flow channels is provided with several branch flow channels connected to the cavity, and the branch flow channels gradually shrink along the flow direction. The present invention utilizes the difference in abrasive flow pressure on the surface of the workpiece to achieve precision machining, which can effectively improve the shape accuracy of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of special processing, and in particular to a sphere precision processing device and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] High-precision spheres have high requirements on the shape accuracy, surface quality and consistency of the ball. They have a very critical impact on the production of high-end basic components such as high-precision linear guides, high-precision ball screws, high-performance bearings and high-precision optical devices. They will affect the overall accuracy of precision components and even cause damage to other components, ultimately affecting the service life of the overall equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a sphere precision machining device and method, wherein a workpiece is placed in a sealed circular cavity and an abrasive flow is introduced into the circular cavity. A main channel is provided in the circular cavity for the circulation of the abrasive flow. A branch channel is provided on the main channel. The abrasive flow contacts the workpiece through the branch channel, and precision grinding is performed on the raised portions of the workpiece surface.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0005] A sphere precision processing device comprises a cavity, an abrasive flow and a circulation device. A workpiece is placed in the cavity. The cavity is composed of two hollow hemispheres. Main channels are respectively provided in the two hemispheres, and the main channels are connected to the cavity. One end of the main channels of the two hemispheres is respectively connected to the circulation device, and the abrasive flow grinds the workpiece through the circulation device.

[0006] Furthermore, a plurality of main flow channels are evenly distributed inside the hemisphere, and each of the main flow channels is provided with a plurality of branch flow channels connected to the cavities, and the branch flow channels gradually shrink along the flow direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the axis of the branch flow channel forms an angle of 20° to 45° with the radial direction thereof.

[0008] Furthermore, a sealing assembly is provided between the butt joint surfaces of the two hemispheres for sealing.

[0009] Further, it also includes a control system, a vibration sensor and a pressure sensor;

[0010] A plurality of the vibration sensors are mounted on the inner wall of the cavity to detect vibration signals generated by the abrasive flow;

[0011] The pressure sensor is used to detect the abrasive flow pressure output by the circulation device;

[0012] The control system adjusts the output pressure of the circulation device according to the vibration signal.

[0013] A processing method of the ball precision processing device comprises the following steps:

[0014] Place the workpiece into the cavity and install the hemisphere in a sealed manner;

[0015] The abrasive flow is pumped to the cavity to grind the workpiece through the circulation device;

[0016] A number of vibration sensors detect vibration signals generated by the abrasive flow, and the control system adjusts the output pressure of the circulation device according to the vibration signals;

[0017] After the grinding process is completed, the workpiece is taken out to check whether the shape accuracy and surface quality meet the set requirements. If not, it is put back into the cavity for processing.

[0018] Further, the control system adjusts the output pressure of the circulation device according to the vibration signal, specifically:

[0019] The initial state sets the output pressure of the circulation device to P 0 ,

[0020] Processing 1 After a certain period of time, the control system calculates the average value S of several vibration signals. t1 Compared with the first set value, when the average value S t1 When it is less than the first set value, the grinding process is completed;

[0021] When the average value S t1 When the pressure is greater than the first set value, the control system increases the output pressure of the circulation device to P 1 ; Adjust the pressure and process t 2 After time, when the average value S t2 is greater than the first set value, and the average value S t2 Less than the average value S t1 When the control system reduces the output pressure of the circulation device to P 2 , and P 1 >P 2 >P 0 ; until the average value S t1 is smaller than the first set value.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The sphere precision machining device and machining method of the present invention realizes precision machining of high-precision spheres through the sealing of two hemispheres, and the axes of the abrasive flow inlet hole and the abrasive flow return hole are designed to form an angle of 20° to 45° with the radial direction thereof, so that the abrasive flow drives the workpiece to rotate in a counterclockwise direction. Precision machining is realized by utilizing the difference in abrasive flow pressure on the workpiece surface, which can effectively improve the shape accuracy of the workpiece.

[0024] 2. The spherical precision processing device and processing method described in the present invention use the change of vibration signal to detect the processing status of the workpiece. At the beginning of processing, due to the uneven surface of the workpiece, the protruding part of the workpiece is subjected to great pressure, and the cutting effect of the abrasive flow on the protruding part is increased, and the vibration in the processing device will be larger; when all the protrusions on the workpiece are removed, the workpiece gradually becomes a precise spherical shape, and the vibration in the processing device gradually decreases; the control system determines whether the processing of the workpiece is completed based on the judgment of the vibration signal. The use of this detection method can effectively reduce the actual measurement times of the workpiece during the processing process and improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, it is obvious that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the sphere precision machining device described in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the sphere precision processing device described in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 The present invention is a flowchart of the processing method of the sphere precision processing device.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1-bolt connector; 2-locating pin; 3-serrated sealing structure; 4-abrasive flow inlet; 5-vibration sensor; 6-workpiece; 7-first hemisphere; 8-abrasive flow inlet hole; 9-second hemisphere; 10-abrasive flow; 11-abrasive flow return hole; 12-control system; 13-signal line; 14-pipe joint thread; 15-connecting pipe; 16-sealing gasket; 17-abrasive flow outlet; 18-pressure pump; 19-abrasive flow delivery pipe; 20-abrasive flow recovery device; 21-pressure valve; 22-protruding part of the workpiece; 23-flat part of the workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the sphere precision processing device of the present invention comprises a circular cavity, an abrasive flow 10 and a circulation device. The circular cavity is used to place the workpiece 6 to be processed. The circular cavity is composed of two hollow hemispheres, namely the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9. The first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9 are connected by a sealing device. The sealing device comprises a positioning pin 2, a bolt connector 1 and a sawtooth sealing structure 3 located at the junction of the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9. The connection between the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9 is positioned by the positioning pin 2. The positioning pin 2 is a conical pin, which can ensure the positioning accuracy of the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9, and ensure that the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9 form a precise spherical space. The sawtooth sealing structure 3 can ensure that there is no leakage after the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9 are connected. Finally, the bolt connector 1 ensures that the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9 have a sufficiently high connection strength after being connected.

[0036] The first hemisphere 7 is provided with an abrasive flow inlet 8, the second hemisphere 9 is provided with an abrasive flow outlet 17, the first hemisphere 7 is provided with a first main channel, the first main channel is connected with the abrasive flow inlet 8 and the cavity respectively, the second hemisphere 9 is provided with a second main channel, the second main channel is connected with the abrasive flow outlet 17 and the cavity respectively, and the abrasive flow 10 forms a circulation loop between the abrasive flow inlet 4, the circular cavity and the abrasive flow outlet 17 through a circulation device. The first main channel and the second main channel are not connected to each other, each of the first main channels is provided with a plurality of abrasive flow inlet holes 8 connected with the cavity, and the abrasive flow inlet holes 8 gradually shrink along the flow direction. Each of the second main channels is provided with a plurality of abrasive flow return holes 11 connected with the cavity, and the abrasive flow return holes 11 gradually shrink along the flow direction. In the embodiment, the abrasive flow inlet hole 8 and the abrasive flow return hole 11 are respectively tapered holes. The abrasive flow inlet hole 4 and the abrasive flow return hole 11 can guide the flow direction of the abrasive flow 10. The axis of each abrasive flow inlet hole 4 and the abrasive flow return hole 11 forms an angle of 20° to 45° with the radial direction thereof. Such a setting can make the abrasive flow 10 drive the workpiece 6 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby precisely machining the workpiece protrusion 22 on the surface of the workpiece 6 through the abrasive flow 10, and removing the workpiece protrusion 22 of the workpiece 6. Preferably, the axis of the abrasive flow inlet hole 4 and the abrasive flow return hole 11 forms an angle of 35° with the radial direction thereof.

[0037] The circulation device includes an abrasive flow delivery pipe 19, a pressure pump 18, an abrasive flow recovery device 20 and a pressure valve 21. The abrasive flow outlet 17 of the second hemisphere 9 is connected to the abrasive flow recovery device 20 through the abrasive flow delivery pipe 19, and the abrasive flow recovery device 20 is connected to the inlet of the pressure pump 18. The abrasive flow recovery device 20 is used to recover and filter the abrasive flow 10; the outlet of the pressure pump 18 is connected to the abrasive flow inlet 4 of the first hemisphere 7, and the abrasive flow outlet 17 is installed with a pressure valve 21 for determining the pressure of the abrasive flow 10; the abrasive flow 10 flowing out of the abrasive flow outlet 17 passes through the pressure valve 18 and enters the abrasive flow recovery device 20. The abrasive flow recovery device 20 recovers and filters the abrasive flow 10 and then continues to be transported to the abrasive flow inlet 8 by the pressure pump 18. The abrasive flow 10 circulates in the circular cavity under the action of the pressure pump 18, and the surface of the workpiece 6 is continuously precision-machined. The abrasive flow inlet 4 and the abrasive flow outlet 17 are both provided with a pipeline sealing device, and the pipeline sealing device includes a pipe joint thread 14, a connecting pipe 15 and a sealing gasket 16. Taking the abrasive flow outlet 17 as an example, the pipe joint thread 14 is arranged on the abrasive flow outlet 17, and the connecting pipe 15 is arranged on the abrasive flow outlet 17 through a threaded sleeve. A sealing gasket 16 is used between the connecting pipe 15 and the abrasive flow outlet 17 to improve the sealing performance.

[0038] The circulation system is also connected to the control system 12. Before the precision machining work begins, the control system 12 can determine the flow pressure value of the abrasive flow 10 according to the machining allowance of the workpiece 6 to be machined. During the precision machining work, the control system 12 is also connected to the vibration sensor 5 arranged on the inner wall of the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9. The vibration sensor 5 is connected to the control system 12 through the signal line 13. According to the different vibration signals of the abrasive flow 10 at the protruding part 22 of the workpiece and the flat part 23 of the workpiece, the completion of the precision machining of the workpiece 6 is judged by the smoothness of the signal transmitted by the vibration sensor 5, so as to adjust the flow pressure value of the abrasive flow 10 through the control system 12. The control system 12 adjusts the output pressure of the circulation device according to the vibration signal. If the workpiece 6 has completed the precision machining, the control system 12 automatically and gradually reduces the flow pressure value of the abrasive flow 10 to 0 through the pressure pump 18. In addition, the abrasive particles of the abrasive flow 10 can determine the material, particle size, etc. of the abrasive flow 10 according to the material and performance of the workpiece 6, and can process a variety of metal and non-metal spheres.

[0039] Taking high-precision bearing steel balls as an example, the method of the ball precision machining device of the present invention is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0040] According to the requirements of the high-precision bearing steel balls to be processed, 4000# Al 2 O 3Abrasive particles, the abrasive flow pressure is 0.04-0.1 MPa; the first set value is determined to be 0.01 mm / s according to the material properties.

[0041] The workpiece 6 to be processed and the entire device are cleaned.

[0042] The workpiece 6 is placed in the circular cavity, and the connection between the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9 is positioned by the positioning pin 2. The serrated sealing structure 3 ensures that there is no leakage after the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9 are connected. The bolt connector 1 ensures that the first hemisphere 7 and the second hemisphere 9 have a sufficiently high connection strength after being connected. The bolt tightening torque is 3.5 N·m.

[0043] The abrasive flow 10 is introduced into the circular cavity, and the circulation device is turned on so that the abrasive flow 10 can continue to flow in the circular cavity to perform precision machining on the workpiece 6. The output pressure of the circulation device is set to P in the initial state. 0 It is 0.04MPa.

[0044] A number of vibration sensors 5 detect the vibration signals generated by the abrasive flow 10, and the control system adjusts the output pressure of the circulation device according to the vibration signals, specifically:

[0045] After 20 minutes of processing, the control system 12 calculates the average value S of several vibration signals. t1 Compared with the first set value, the first set value is 0.01mm / s, when the average value S t1 When it is less than 0.01mm / s, the grinding process is completed;

[0046] When the average value S t1 When it is greater than 0.01 mm / s, the control system 12 increases the output pressure of the circulation device to P 1 =0.06MPa; After adjusting the pressure and processing for 20 minutes, when the average value S t2 Greater than 0.01mm / s, and the average value S t2 Less than the average value S t1 When the control system reduces the output pressure of the circulation device to P 2 =0.05MPa, and P 1 >P 2 >P 0 ; until the average value S t1 As shown in Table 1, the control system 12 determines the output pressure of the adjustment circulation device according to the average value S of the vibration signal.

[0047] After the grinding process is completed, the workpiece 6 is taken out to check whether the shape accuracy and surface quality meet the set requirements. If not, it is put back into the cavity for processing.

[0048] The first hemispherical body 7 and the second hemispherical body 9 are opened, the workpiece is taken out, and the workpiece 6 is measured. If the accuracy of the workpiece 6 does not meet the requirements, it is further placed in the circular cavity for processing.

[0049] Table 1

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0053] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spherical precision machining device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cavity, an abrasive flow (10) and a circulation device, wherein a workpiece (6) is placed in the cavity, the cavity is composed of two hollow hemispheres (7, 9), main channels are respectively provided in the two hemispheres (7, 9), and the main channels are connected to the cavity; one end of the main channels of the two hemispheres (7, 9) is respectively connected to the circulation device, and the abrasive flow (10) grinds the workpiece (6) through the circulation device; A plurality of main flow channels are evenly distributed inside the hemispherical body (7, 9), each of the main flow channels is provided with a plurality of branch flow channels connected to the cavity, and the branch flow channels gradually shrink along the flow direction; The axis of the branch flow channel forms an angle of 20° to 45° with the radial direction in which it is located, and the impact of the abrasive flow (10) causes the workpiece (6) to rotate counterclockwise.

2. The ball precision machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing component is provided between the butt joint surfaces of the two hemispherical bodies (7, 9) for sealing.

3. The ball precision machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a control system, a vibration sensor (5) and a pressure sensor; A plurality of vibration sensors (5) are installed on the inner wall of the cavity and are used to detect vibration signals generated by the abrasive flow (10); The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the abrasive flow (10) output by the circulation device; The control system adjusts the output pressure of the circulation device according to the vibration signal.

4. A processing method of a ball precision processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: The workpiece (6) is placed in the cavity, and the hemispherical bodies (7, 9) are sealed and installed; Pumping abrasive flow (10) to the cavity grinding workpiece (6) through a circulation device; A plurality of vibration sensors (5) detect vibration signals generated by the abrasive flow (10), and a control system adjusts the output pressure of the circulation device according to the vibration signals; After the grinding process is completed, the workpiece (6) is taken out to check whether the shape accuracy and surface quality meet the set requirements. If not, it is put back into the cavity for processing.

5. The processing method of the ball precision processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control system adjusts the output pressure of the circulation device according to the vibration signal, specifically: The initial state sets the output pressure of the circulation device to P0. After processing time t1, the control system calculates the average value S of several vibration signals. t1 Compared with the first set value, when the average value S t1 When it is less than the first set value, the grinding process is completed; When the average value S t1 When the pressure is greater than the first set value, the control system increases the output pressure of the circulation device to P1; after adjusting the pressure for t2 time, when the average value S t2 is greater than the first set value, and the average value S t2 Less than the average value S t1 When the output pressure of the circulation device is reduced to P2, and P1>P2>P0; until the average value S t1 is smaller than the first set value.

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