Tea tree surface ice content and stem water flow monitoring device and sprinkler irrigation frost prevention control method

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for monitoring the amount of ice on the surface of tea trees and the water flow in the stems, as well as a method for controlling frost prevention through sprinkler irrigation. The device includes a tea tree surface ice monitoring device, a stem water flow monitoring device, an umbrella-type anti-drip device, a sprinkler pipe, a control cabinet, and a temperature sensor. Both the tea tree surface ice monitoring device and the stem water flow monitoring device are equipped with weighing units, which are used to detect the mass of ice on the tea tree surface and the mass of water flow in the stems, respectively. When the surface temperature of the tea tree drops to -0.5℃, the sprinkler pipe and the weighing unit are turned on. After the mass of the stem water flow continues to increase for 10 minutes, the sprinkler irrigation is stopped. When the mass data of the stem water flow does not change and the temperature is below -0.5℃, the sprinkler pipe is restarted for irrigation. If the mass of ice on the tea tree surface reaches a set threshold, the sprinkler irrigation is stopped. A curve showing the change of ice on the tea tree surface over time in real time is plotted, and the latent heat released by the sprinkler water on the tea tree surface during frost prevention is calculated, providing a reference for the set threshold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural meteorological disaster monitoring and control, and in particular to a method for monitoring surface ice content and stem water flow of tea trees during sprinkler irrigation for frost prevention and control. Background Technology

[0002] Early spring frosts can cause severe losses to the premium tea industry. Existing frost prevention methods mainly include airflow disturbance, covering, fumigation, and sprinkler irrigation. Among these, sprinkler irrigation utilizes the latent heat released by water freezing to maintain the temperature of buds and leaves above the critical freezing point, making it an effective, simple, and cost-effective method. During sprinkler irrigation, water is sprayed onto the tea trees. Some of the water freezes on the surface of the leaves and stems, some drips from the leaves and stems into the surrounding soil, and some flows along the stems into the soil. Insufficient water volume on the tea tree surface is insufficient for frost prevention, while excessive water volume not only wastes water resources but may also cause waterlogging. Real-time monitoring of the water volume on the tea tree surface and entering the soil during sprinkler irrigation allows for control of frost prevention and estimation of latent heat release.

[0003] Among the existing control technologies for sprinkler irrigation frost prevention systems, Japanese Patent (JP2006238767) discloses a frost prevention device. This device uses the lowest temperature of the entire working area as the control condition for system activation, which may lead to simultaneous sprinkler irrigation operations in areas where no frost damage has occurred, resulting in water waste. Chinese Patent (CN103563697A) discloses an automatic sprinkler irrigation system and method that controls the activation of sprinkler irrigation in a specific area based on the lowest temperature in different areas of the tea garden and stops irrigation after reaching the set temperature. This automatic sprinkler irrigation system can save water, but it cannot reveal the change law of ice content on the tea tree surface over time during the sprinkler irrigation frost prevention process, nor can it calculate the latent heat release of the irrigation water during frost prevention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a device for monitoring the surface ice content and stem water flow of tea trees, as well as a method for controlling frost prevention through sprinkler irrigation. This method saves water used in sprinkler irrigation and can also calculate the latent heat release of the irrigation water during frost prevention.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0006] A device for monitoring surface ice content and stem water flow in tea trees includes:

[0007] A tea tree surface ice monitoring device includes a tea tree and a weighing unit A, wherein the tea tree is mounted on the weighing unit A;

[0008] A stem water flow monitoring device includes a stem water flow collection container, a weighing unit B, a stem water flow collection pipe, and a conical funnel. The stem water flow collection container is mounted on the weighing unit B and is connected to the conical funnel through the stem water flow collection pipe. The conical funnel is sealed and surrounds the tea tree stem.

[0009] A drip-proof umbrella device includes an umbrella surface, which is positioned above a conical funnel, surrounds the tea tree stem, and leaves a gap between the umbrella surface and the tea tree stem.

[0010] Both weighing unit A and weighing unit B communicate with the control cabinet.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the umbrella surface anti-drip device also includes steel wires and hollow stainless steel tubes. Several steel wires are crossed and overlapped together, with both ends inserted into the hollow stainless steel tubes. The umbrella surface is placed on the crossed steel wires.

[0012] In a further technical solution, the stem water collection container and the weighing unit B are placed inside a waterproof cover, and the stem water collection pipe passes through the waterproof cover and is connected to the conical funnel.

[0013] A further technical solution also includes a temperature sensor installed on the surface of the tea tree, which communicates with the control cabinet.

[0014] A further technical solution also includes a sprinkler pipe that effectively covers the spraying area, the operation of which is controlled by a control cabinet.

[0015] In a further technical solution, the tea tree is planted in a planting pot, and the planting pot is placed on the weighing unit A.

[0016] In a further technical solution, both weighing unit A and weighing unit B employ weighing sensors.

[0017] A method for controlling frost prevention through sprinkler irrigation using a monitoring device for surface ice content and stem water flow of tea trees:

[0018] When the surface temperature of the tea tree drops to -0.5℃, turn on the sprinkler pipe, weighing unit A and weighing unit B. When weighing unit B detects that the mass of the water flow in the stem has increased continuously for 10 minutes, stop the sprinkler. When the mass data detected by weighing unit B does not change and the temperature is below -0.5℃, start the sprinkler pipe again for sprinkler irrigation. If the mass data monitored by weighing unit A reaches the set threshold, stop the sprinkler.

[0019] Furthermore, using the data monitored by weighing unit A, a curve showing the change of ice amount on the surface of the tea tree over time was plotted. The latent heat released by the freezing of the irrigation water on the surface of the tea tree during frost prevention was calculated using the solidification heat release formula, providing a reference for setting the threshold.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) The monitoring devices for the ice amount on the tea tree surface and the water flow rate of the stem in this invention do not interfere with each other and are reasonably designed. They can accurately monitor the changes in the ice amount on the tea tree surface and the water flow rate of the stem during the sprinkler irrigation for frost prevention. By monitoring the changes in the stem flow rate, it can detect whether the sprinkler water on the tea tree surface is saturated. When the mass of this part of the water continues to increase, it indicates that the water is saturated, so the sprinkler irrigation is stopped and the flowing water is allowed to freeze fully before the sprinkler irrigation is restarted. If the mass of the ice amount on the tea tree surface reaches the set value, the sprinkler irrigation is stopped, which saves water resources.

[0022] (2) By directly monitoring the amount of ice on the surface of tea trees, this invention can estimate the latent heat released by the freezing of irrigation water on the surface of tea trees in real time, and provide a reference for setting the mass set value of the amount of ice on the surface of tea trees during the irrigation process. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the monitoring device described in this invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tea tree surface ice monitoring device described in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stem water flow monitoring device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-drip device for umbrella surfaces according to the present invention;

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Ice monitoring device on tea tree surface, 2-Water flow monitoring device on stem, 3-Anti-drip device on umbrella surface, 4-Sprinkler pipe, 5-Control cabinet, 6-Temperature sensor, 101-Tea tree, 102-Planting pot, 103-Weighing unit A, 201-Waterproof cover, 202-Collection container, 203-Weighing unit B, 204-Water flow collection pipe on stem, 205-Conical funnel, 301-Umbrella surface, 302-Steel wire, 303-Hollow stainless steel pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a tea tree surface ice amount and stem water flow monitoring device, which includes a tea tree surface ice amount monitoring device 1, a stem water flow monitoring device 2, an umbrella anti-drip device 3, a sprinkler pipe 4, a control cabinet 5, and a temperature sensor 6.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the tea tree surface ice monitoring device 1 includes a tea tree 101, a planting pot 102 and a weighing unit A103. The tea tree 101 is planted in the planting pot 102 and the planting pot 102 is placed on the weighing unit A103.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the stem water flow monitoring device 2 includes a waterproof cover 201, a stem water flow collection container 202, a weighing unit B203, a stem water flow collection pipe 204, and a conical funnel 205. The stem water flow collection container 202 is placed inside the waterproof cover 201 and is placed on the weighing unit B203. The top of the waterproof cover 201 has a through hole, into which one end of the stem water flow collection pipe 204 is inserted. The other end of the stem water flow collection pipe 204 is inserted into a through hole on the side of the conical funnel 205 and sealed.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the umbrella anti-drip device 3 includes an umbrella surface 301, steel wires 302 and hollow stainless steel pipes 303. Several steel wires 302 are crossed and connected together, and their two ends are inserted into the hollow stainless steel pipes 303 respectively. The hollow stainless steel pipes 303 are inserted into the soil for fixation. The umbrella surface 301 is placed on the crossed steel wires 302. The umbrella surface 301 has a through hole in the middle that can pass through the stem of the tea tree 101.

[0033] See Figure 1 The tea tree stem 101 passes through the umbrella surface 301 and the conical funnel 205 in sequence, with a gap between the tea tree stem 101 and the umbrella surface 301, and the tea tree stem 101 and the conical funnel 205 are sealed. Specifically, the umbrella surface 301 is cut radially, wrapped around the tea tree stem 101, and completely covers the planting pot 102 and the weighing unit A103 before being fixed with waterproof tape. The conical funnel 205 is cut radially, wrapped around the tea tree stem 101, and then fixed with waterproof tape. The waterproof cover 201 is located on one side of the umbrella surface anti-drip device 3. The weighing unit A103 is used to measure the mass of ice on the surface of the tea tree, and the weighing unit B203 is used to measure the mass of water flow in the stem. The data measured by the weighing unit A103 and the weighing unit B203 are transmitted to the control cabinet 5. In this embodiment, both weighing unit A103 and weighing unit B203 use weighing sensors, and their operation is controlled by control cabinet 5.

[0034] The sprinkler pipe 4 is part of the tea tree sprinkler system. When in use, the effective spraying area of ​​the sprinkler pipe 4 covers the surface of the tea tree. The operation of the sprinkler pipe 4 is controlled by the control cabinet 5. The specific composition of the sprinkler system is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] Temperature sensor 6 is installed on the surface of the tea tree to detect the surface temperature of the tea tree.

[0036] When temperature sensor 6 detects that the temperature has dropped to -0.5℃, control cabinet 5 turns on sprinkler pipe 4, weighing unit A103, and weighing unit B203. After starting the sprinkler, weighing unit A103 and weighing unit B203 send real-time mass data to control cabinet 5. When weighing unit B203 detects that the mass of the stem water flow has been increasing for 10 minutes, it indicates that the water on the surface of the tea tree is not frozen sufficiently and is in a supersaturated state. Control cabinet 5 then turns off sprinkler pipe 4 to stop the sprinkler. When the mass data detected by weighing unit B203 does not change and the temperature is below -0.5℃, it indicates that the flowing water has frozen sufficiently. Sprinkler pipe 4 is then restarted for sprinkler irrigation. If the mass data monitored by weighing unit A103 reaches the threshold (an empirical value) set in control cabinet 5, the sprinkler will stop.

[0037] Using the data monitored by the weighing unit A103, a curve showing the change of ice amount on the surface of the tea tree over time can be plotted, and the latent heat released by the freezing of the irrigation water on the surface of the tea tree during frost prevention can be calculated using the solidification heat release formula, providing a reference for the threshold set in control cabinet 5.

[0038] The embodiments described above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring ice content on the surface of tea trees and water flow in the stems, characterized in that, include: A tea tree surface ice monitoring device (1) includes a tea tree (101) and a weighing unit A (103), wherein the tea tree (101) is mounted on the weighing unit A (103); The stem water flow monitoring device (2) includes a stem water flow collection container (202), a weighing unit B (203), a stem water flow collection pipe (204), and a conical funnel (205). The stem water flow collection container (202) is installed on the weighing unit B (203) and is connected to the conical funnel (205) through the stem water flow collection pipe (204). The conical funnel (205) is sealed and surrounds the stem of the tea tree (101). The umbrella surface anti-drip device (3) includes an umbrella surface (301), which is set on a conical funnel (205), surrounds the upper part of the tea tree (101) stem, and leaves a gap between the umbrella surface (301) and the tea tree (101) stem; Both the weighing unit A (103) and the weighing unit B (203) communicate with the control cabinet (5).

2. The tea tree surface ice content and stem water flow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The umbrella surface anti-drip device (3) also includes steel wires (302) and hollow stainless steel tubes (303). Several steel wires (302) are crossed and connected together, and both ends are inserted into the hollow stainless steel tubes (303). The umbrella surface (301) is placed on the crossed steel wires (302).

3. The tea tree surface ice content and stem water flow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stem water collection container (202) and the weighing unit B (203) are placed inside the waterproof cover (201), and the stem water collection pipe (204) passes through the waterproof cover (201) and communicates with the conical funnel (205).

4. The tea tree surface ice content and stem water flow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature sensor (6) disposed on the surface of the tea tree, which communicates with the control cabinet (5).

5. The tea tree surface ice content and stem water flow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sprinkler pipe (4) that effectively covers the spray area, and the operation of the sprinkler pipe (4) is controlled by a control cabinet (5).

6. The tea tree surface ice content and stem water flow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tea tree (101) is planted in a planting pot (102), which is placed on a weighing unit A (103).

7. The tea tree surface ice content and stem water flow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the weighing unit A (103) and the weighing unit B (203) use weighing sensors.

8. A method for controlling frost prevention through sprinkler irrigation based on the tea tree surface ice content and stem water flow monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: When the surface temperature of the tea tree drops to -0.5℃, turn on the irrigation pipe (4), weighing unit A (103) and weighing unit B (203). When the weighing unit B (203) detects that the mass of the stem water flow has been increasing for 10 minutes, stop the irrigation. When the mass data detected by the weighing unit B (203) does not change and the temperature is below -0.5℃, start the irrigation pipe (4) again for irrigation. If the mass data monitored by the weighing unit A (103) reaches the set threshold, stop the irrigation.

9. The sprinkler irrigation frost prevention control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Using the data monitored by weighing unit A (103), a curve of the real-time ice amount on the surface of the tea tree changing with time was plotted. The latent heat released by the water sprayed on the surface of the tea tree during frost prevention was calculated using the solidification heat release formula, providing a reference for the set threshold.

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