Bridge swivel system and method in a highly asymmetrical state

Abstract

The application relates to a bridge swivel system and method in a highly asymmetric state, mainly aiming at the case that the unbalanced bending moment of a swivel bridge is large and the balance of the swivel cannot be solved by counterweight on the short-span side. In addition to the central spherical hinge of the swivel, an auxiliary support system is additionally arranged at the bottom of the long-arm side beam of the swivel at a distance from the central spherical hinge. A jacking jack and a pulling jack are used to alternately apply force to the auxiliary support to maintain the stable swivel of the bridge, and the action points of the force are approximately eccentric to the auxiliary support. The jacking force and the pulling force remain unchanged in the sum of the force during the alternation. The application has little increase in equipment investment, and the operation process has low requirements for on-site technical personnel, and can be applied to swivel projects with large auxiliary support stress.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a bridge swivel system and method in an extremely asymmetric state. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the modern rapid transportation system has been rapidly developed, and the high-speed railway and passenger line special line, and the highway are in a large-scale construction stage. With the construction of the high-speed railway and highway, a large number of large bridges crossing deep gorges and valleys, and crossing railways and highways have emerged. Due to the restriction of the construction environment and traffic factors, it is difficult to use the conventional construction method. The bridge swivel construction method can better avoid the influence on other line transportation, overcome the difficulty of erecting large-span bridges in high mountains and valleys, deep water and rapid flow or frequent navigation of river channels, and the advantage is more obvious, especially for the construction of urban overpass bridges and railway crossing bridges in the busy traffic. The bridge swivel construction technology is more and more favored by bridge constructors due to its economy, convenience and reliability.

[0003] At present, the swivel bridge is basically balanced swivel, and the two sides of the swivel spherical hinge are designed as a symmetrical structure, and the weight is equal to balance the swivel. Some spherical hinges are not symmetrical on both sides, and there is an unbalanced bending moment, which can be balanced by anchoring system or counterweight. With the development of modern bridges, especially more and more municipal bridges crossing railway lines, due to the influence of urban traffic, railway operation, and surrounding buildings and site restrictions, the swivel length is not symmetrical, so the swivel structure has a large unbalanced bending moment. If the swivel length is extremely asymmetrical, the unbalanced bending moment of the swivel is often very large, and it is difficult to maintain balance for such swivel bridges through counterweight, and the site usually does not have the condition to set the anchoring system.

[0004] In the conventional swivel construction method, the safety leg is generally inside the traction swivel table, and the supporting radius is relatively small. When the extremely asymmetric structure bridge is horizontally swiveled, the auxiliary support is set to increase the stability of the swivel structure or reduce the balance weight of the beam body swivel. If the contact resistance at the auxiliary support is reflected at the swivel table, the traction force will be enlarged by a corresponding multiple, the swivel traction force is large, the rotation is difficult, and even the phenomenon of difficult rotation occurs. It is necessary to directly apply force to the auxiliary support to overcome the friction resistance at the place.

[0005] The invention patent application number 201710851877.5, entitled "Design and Construction Method of Bridge Rotation under Extremely Asymmetrical State," describes a method where a roller trolley is installed under an auxiliary support, and a rack and pinion transmission system powered by a variable frequency motor and reducer is used to pull the auxiliary support. However, the roller trolley needs to be custom-made according to the rotation radius of the auxiliary support, and the rollers are not uniform cross-section cylinders, but rather the outer end is larger than the inner end. The rack and pinion transmission system provides relatively low power, and the force exerted on the auxiliary support is eccentric, which is detrimental to the stability of the auxiliary support.

[0006] In conventional bridge rotation systems, the turntable and ball joint center are fixed. The turntable moves in a circle around the ball joint center via steel cables, thus rotating the bridge beam. However, for bridge rotation systems with auxiliary support systems, since the auxiliary supports move along an arc along the track, directly pulling the auxiliary supports with steel cables would cause deformation and damage to the track beam due to the enormous radial force of the curved steel cables. This would necessitate pouring large amounts of concrete between the curved track and the pier, or installing numerous steel supports, increasing the project scale and cost. Furthermore, the traction steel strands are curved, and as the sliding progresses, the tension between the strands will vary, resulting in uneven tension. Therefore, the scheme of using steel cables for central traction is difficult to implement in practical engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to design a bridge rotation system for bridges in highly asymmetrical states and to provide a construction method for the rotation, which applies continuous force to the auxiliary support so that the auxiliary support rotates continuously and smoothly with the rotating beam. The bridge rotation system in the scheme includes a rotating beam and a ball joint. An arc-shaped slide rail centered on the ball joint is located beneath the rotating beam. An auxiliary support is provided at the bottom of the rotating beam, with its top fixedly connected to the rotating beam and its bottom fixedly connected to a sliding steel plate. The sliding steel plate and its underlying components form a sliding assembly supported on the arc-shaped slide rail. The auxiliary support has a jacking mechanism and a tractor mechanism arranged on the arc-shaped slide rail. The jacking mechanism is located behind the auxiliary support, and the tractor mechanism is located in front of the auxiliary support. The jacking mechanism includes a reaction seat and a jacking jack, and the tractor mechanism includes a reaction seat and a dragging jack. During the rotation process, the jacking jack and the dragging jack alternately apply force to the auxiliary support, with a constant total force. During the alternation, the force of one jack gradually increases, while the force of the other jack gradually decreases. The upper surface of the arc-shaped slide rail has a connecting structure for fixing the reaction seat.

[0008] Preferably, the connection structure is a row of slots arranged along an arc-shaped slide, and the distance between adjacent slots is less than the sum of the maximum stroke of the jacking jack and the maximum stroke of the dragging jack.

[0009] Preferably, the front side of the slot along the direction of auxiliary support is inclined upward and has a large opening; the bottom surface of the reaction seat is connected to a card head corresponding to the slot.

[0010] Preferably, the front end of the jacking jack is connected to a pad fixed to the rear side of the auxiliary support via a spherical hinge, the groove of the pad is located at the center of the pad surface, and the vertical center lines of the two surfaces of the pad and the auxiliary support that are in contact coincide; the rear end of the pulling jack is connected to a pad fixed to the front side of the auxiliary support via a spherical hinge, the hollow groove of the pad is located at the center of the pad surface, and the front and rear ends of the pad are parallel to the front side of the auxiliary support; the two pads on the same auxiliary support are the same size, correspond to each other front and back, and are at the same height.

[0011] Preferably, the upper surface of the arc-shaped slide is in the shape of an arc-shaped strip, with its central arc angle being greater than the rotation angle of the rotating beam, and limiting blocks are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped slide.

[0012] Preferably, there are two sets of auxiliary supports, which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane of the rotating beam; the auxiliary supports include upper steel-concrete composite columns and lower short columns.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary support includes a telescopic support mechanism, which comprises an outer sliding plate in the shape of a column ring, an inner sliding plate coaxially sleeved with the outer sliding plate and capable of relative sliding, a top steel plate, a bottom steel plate, and a vertically placed hydraulic support jack.

[0014] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes a PTFE sliding plate embedded in the lower surface of the sliding steel plate and a stainless steel plate fixed on the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0015] Preferably, the sliding assembly is a ball bearing slide, mainly comprising a sliding steel plate, a lower cover plate, and steel balls; the bottom surface of the sliding steel plate is arranged with hemispherical grooves, and the lower cover plate has corresponding through holes, the walls of which are spherical rings with a larger upper opening and a smaller lower opening.

[0016] A method for rotating a bridge under highly asymmetric conditions includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: At the set rotation axis position, construct the ball joint of the rotating beam using conventional methods, and erect a support parallel to the direction of the route to be crossed to construct the rotating beam;

[0018] Step 2: Construct an arc-shaped slide with the center of the ball joint as the center, and set a groove along the arc-shaped slide on the upper surface of the slide; the front side of the groove is inclined, and the upper opening of the groove is large;

[0019] Step 3: Install auxiliary support at the bottom of the rotating beam. The top of the auxiliary support is fixedly connected to the rotating beam, and the bottom of the auxiliary support is fixedly connected to the sliding steel plate of the sliding assembly. The sliding assembly is supported on the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0020] Step 4: Place the auxiliary support, the pushing mechanism and the pulling mechanism on the arc-shaped slide, the pushing mechanism is arranged behind the auxiliary support, and the pulling mechanism is arranged in front of the auxiliary support; the pushing mechanism has a pushing jack, and the pulling mechanism has a pulling jack; the jacks of the pushing jack and the pulling jack are both spherically connected to the center of the base plate fixed to the auxiliary support; the other end of the pushing jack and the pulling jack is fixedly connected with the corresponding counterforce seat, and the bottom surface of the counterforce seat is connected with the clamping head which can fall into the clamping groove;

[0021] Step 5: Arrange the estimated counterweight at the end of the side span side of the body beam section to control the support force of the auxiliary support within the design allowable range, and then remove the support to perform a weighing test, and adjust the pre-counterweight according to the test results;

[0022] Step 6: Remove the support; according to the vertical pressure borne by the spherical hinge and the auxiliary support respectively, and the maximum static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the tested spherical hinge and sliding joint respectively, calculate the maximum tension of the continuous jack at the spherical hinge required for starting the body, and the maximum pushing force required for the pushing jack at the auxiliary support, so that the continuous jack and the pushing jack increase the force in proportion and synchronously, and other jacks can be used to assist in the process. Start the body; after the body is started, the continuous jack and the pushing jack both decrease the force and approach the calculated dynamic sliding friction, so as to obtain a state for the stable operation of the body; maintain the stable operation of the body, and the auxiliary support remains vertical, at this time the action force of the pushing jack is a constant value; the clamping head of the counterforce seat of the pulling jack slides on the arc-shaped slide, and the top rod of the pulling jack gradually extends;

[0023] Step 7: When the top rod of the pushing jack is exposed for three-quarters of the maximum length that can be exposed, the clamping head of the pulling jack falls into the corresponding clamping groove, the oil pressure of the pulling jack linearly increases, and the oil pressure of the pushing jack linearly decreases in the alternate time period calculated according to the rotation speed of the body beam, so that the sum of the size of the pushing force and the size of the pulling force is still equal to the constant value determined in step 6; finally the action force of the pulling jack reaches the constant value; the pushing jack has no pushing force, and then the clamping head of the counterforce seat thereof is dragged to leave the clamping groove and start to slide on the arc-shaped slide; the top rod of the pushing jack then gradually retracts;

[0024] Step 8: When the top rod of the pulling jack is exposed for one-quarter of the maximum length that can be exposed, the clamping head of the pushing jack falls into the corresponding clamping groove, the oil pressure of the pushing jack linearly increases, and the oil pressure of the pulling jack linearly decreases in the determined alternate time period, so that the sum of the size of the pushing force and the size of the pulling force is still equal to the constant value; finally the action force of the pushing jack reaches the constant value, and the pulling jack has no pulling force; then the clamping head of the counterforce seat of the pulling jack is pushed to leave the clamping groove and start to slide on the arc-shaped slide; the top rod of the pulling jack then gradually extends;

[0025] Step 9: according to the cycle of step 7 and step 8, the rotating beam can be rotated to the position.

[0026] The extremely asymmetric state in the application refers to that the balance of the rotating body cannot be solved by the counterweight at the end of the short arm side beam, and the arrangement of the counterweight block at the end of the beam has a larger safety risk and a structural stress risk. Therefore, the application balances part of the unbalanced bending moment on the basis of the counterweight at the end of the short arm side beam, and adopts the auxiliary support at the end of the long arm to balance the remaining unbalanced bending moment.

[0027] The rotating bridge in the application is suitable for the rotating bridge crossing the existing highway, river, ditch, valley and the like in the railway crossing engineering. The rotating center spherical hinge can adopt the rotating spherical hinge in the conventional rotating device in the prior art.

[0028] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The rotating body scheme of the extremely asymmetric bridge is given for the bridge that cannot be balanced by the counterweight or anchoring system.

[0030] 2. The bridge rotating body system provided by the application increases the stability of the rotating body structure by arranging the auxiliary support at the bottom of the rotating beam and setting the appropriate pre-eccentricity of the counterweight, so that the auxiliary support and the spherical hinge form a multi-point support together.

[0031] 3. Since the radius of the arc-shaped slide is expanded by a certain multiple compared with the radius of the center spherical hinge rotating table in the conventional rotating construction, the friction resistance of the corresponding auxiliary support system at the slide is also expanded by the corresponding multiple, which further causes the traction force of the traction steel strand in the conventional rotating construction method to be very large, and when the amplification multiple is large, the rotating body cannot be performed. The power device arranged at the auxiliary support can avoid the amplification effect of the friction resistance, so that the rotating body can be smoothly performed.

[0032] 4. The application sets the push-pull mechanism before and after the auxiliary support, and the push-pull mechanism continuously applies a constant force to the auxiliary support. The force of the hydraulic jack is large and efficient.

[0033] 5. The force of the jacks of the pushing mechanism and the pulling mechanism acts on the auxiliary support, and the eccentric error is very small, which ensures the safety of the auxiliary support.

[0034] 6. Through careful design, a row of clamping grooves along the center line of the arc-shaped slide are arranged, which meets the support needs of the reaction seats of the pushing mechanism and the pulling mechanism.

[0035] 7. The rotating body in this way can greatly reduce the house demolition and save the engineering investment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1The plane layout schematic diagram of the bridge swivel system of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 The plane layout schematic diagram of the pushing and pulling mechanism of the arc-shaped slide of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 The pushing and pulling mechanism schematic diagram when the pushing mechanism alone exerts force;

[0039] Figure 4 The pushing and pulling mechanism schematic diagram when the pulling mechanism alone exerts force;

[0040] Figure 5 The pushing and pulling mechanism schematic diagram when the pulling mechanism alone exerts force;

[0041] Figure 6 The pushing and pulling mechanism schematic diagram when the pushing mechanism alone exerts force;

[0042] Figure 7 The construction schematic diagram of the lower end of the auxiliary support in Example 2;

[0043] Figure 8 The construction schematic diagram of the lower end of the auxiliary support in Example 3;

[0044] Figure 9 The bottom view schematic diagram of the sliding steel plate of the ball slide in Example 3;

[0045] Figure 10 The top view schematic diagram of the lower cover plate of the ball slide in Example 3;

[0046] Figure 11 The three-dimensional schematic diagram of the chuck;

[0047] Figure 12 The arc-shaped slide top view schematic diagram when the pulling jack starts to exert force in a pushing and pulling cycle;

[0048] Figure 13 The arc-shaped slide top view schematic diagram when the pulling jack starts to exert force in the next pushing and pulling cycle.

[0049] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1 - swivel beam; 2 - spherical hinge; 3 - arc-shaped slide; 4 - auxiliary support; 5 - railway line; 6 - pushing jack; 7 - pulling jack; 8 - clamping groove; 9 - sliding steel plate; 10 - four-fluorine sliding plate; 12 - gasket ring; 13 - steel ball; 14 - hemispherical groove; 15 - spherical ring; 16 - lower cover plate; 17 - concave gasket; 18 - counterforce seat; 19 - chuck; 41 - steel pipe concrete column; 42 - top steel plate; 43 - bottom steel plate; 44 - supporting jack; 45 - inner sliding plate; 46 - outer sliding plate; 47 - sliding plate stiffening rib; 48 - short column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Embodiment 1

[0051] This embodiment provides a bridge swivel system in an extremely asymmetric state, which comprises a swivel beam 1 and a spherical hinge 2. Referring to the schematic diagram of the planar arrangement of the swivel system shown in Figure 1 , an arc-shaped slide 3 with the spherical hinge 2 as the center is arranged below the swivel beam 1, so that the swivel beam 1 can cross the railway line 5 after rotating along the arc-shaped slide 3. Two groups of auxiliary supports 4 are arranged at the bottom of the swivel beam 1, which are arranged symmetrically about the axial direction of the swivel beam 1. The planar shape of the arc-shaped slide 3 is arc-shaped strip, the central angle of which is larger than the rotating angle of the swivel beam 1, and limiting blocks are arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped slide 3. The arc-shaped slide 3 is arranged with a push-pull mechanism, which comprises two parts of a pushing mechanism and a pulling mechanism. The pushing mechanism is arranged behind the rotating direction of the auxiliary support 4, and the pulling mechanism is arranged in front of the rotating direction of the auxiliary support 4. Referring to the schematic diagram of the planar arrangement shown in Figure 2 , there is a row of clamping grooves 8 in the arc-shaped slide 3 for temporarily fixing the push-pull mechanism during the swivel process. The pushing jack 6 and the pulling jack 7 are both double-acting jacks and are of the same type. The distance between adjacent clamping grooves 8 is one time plus three quarters of the maximum stroke. The pushing mechanism comprises a counterforce seat 18 and the pushing jack 6, and the pulling mechanism comprises a counterforce seat 18 and the pulling jack 7. Referring to Figure 3 , the auxiliary support 4 comprises a steel pipe concrete column 41 at the upper part and a short column 48 at the lower part, which is a section of H-shaped steel. The top of the auxiliary support 4 is fixedly connected with the swivel beam 1, and the bottom is fixedly connected with a sliding steel plate 9, which is inlaid with a four-fluorine sliding plate 10, and constitutes a sliding joint with the stainless steel plate on the arc-shaped slide 3.

[0052] In this embodiment, the traction swivel table and the corresponding traction cable of the conventional swivel are retained, and two groups of auxiliary supports 4 are arranged at the bottom of the swivel beam 1 outside the traction swivel table without affecting the railway operation, so that the two groups of auxiliary supports 4 and the spherical hinge 2 form a three-point support together, thereby enhancing the stability of the swivel beam 1. During the swivel, the upper swivel beam 1 is driven to move along the circumference through the alternate action of the pushing mechanism and the pulling mechanism, thereby achieving the purpose of bridge swivel. The swivel traction force at the swivel table is reduced, the problem of difficult rotation is solved, and the swivel can be smoothly carried out.

[0053] In order to realize the swivel of the bridge with extremely asymmetric span, in addition to arranging the conventional swivel center spherical hinge at the top of the pier, an auxiliary support system is arranged at the position of the spherical hinge center away from the long arm end. The beam body of the arc-shaped slide 3 adopts a steel box structure, which is a high constant cross-section steel box at a general position, and is provided with a steel pipe column and a concrete pile foundation below.

[0054] The counterforce seat 18 is connected with the clamping groove 8 through the clamping head 19 fixed on the bottom surface. The front side of the clamping groove 8 in the rotating direction of the auxiliary support 4 is upwardly inclined, which is a curved surface, so that the upper opening of the clamping groove 8 is large. Referring to Figure 11The clamping head 19 is a vertical column, but from the top surface to the bottom surface, the front curved surface is retracted to the rear, corresponding to the inclined curved surface of the clamping groove 8.

[0055] The jacking head of the pushing jack 6 and the pulling jack 7 is connected with the auxiliary support 4 through the concave pad 17, and the other end is connected with the counterforce seat 18; the jacking head is hinged with the center of the groove of the corresponding concave pad 17; the groove is located at the center of the surface of the concave pad 17, and the other opposite surface is fixed on the corresponding side surface of the auxiliary support 4; the vertical center lines of the two surfaces of the concave pad 17 and the auxiliary support 4 in contact coincide; the four concave pads 17 in the rotating body system are all made of steel plates and have the same shape, and the installation positions are at the same height.

[0056] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the actions performed by the pushing and pulling mechanism in a pushing and pulling cycle are introduced. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the pushing mechanism applies force alone, and in this stage, the pushing jack 6 is gradually elongated to apply constant force to push the auxiliary support 4 to run at a constant speed; the pulling jack 7 begins to gradually elongate, and the clamping head 19 slides along the arc-shaped slide 3. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the pulling mechanism just applies force, and the pulling jack 7 has been elongated to the longest and falls into the clamping groove 8 in front under manual assistance; at this time, the pushing jack 6 is elongated to three-quarters of the maximum stroke. Entering the alternating period, the length of the alternating period is 10s, and in this period, the force of the pulling jack 7 linearly increases to a determined constant value, and the force of the pushing jack 6 linearly decreases to zero, so that the size of the force remains unchanged, even in the alternating period, it is equal to the constant value, which can ensure the stable rotation of the auxiliary support 4. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the pulling mechanism applies force alone, and the pushing jack 6 is driven, and the clamping head 19 leaves the clamping groove 8 where it is located and slides along the arc-shaped slide 3. Then, the pulling jack 7 is retracted, and the pushing jack 6 is also retracted. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the pushing mechanism just applies force, and the pushing jack 6 has been retracted to the shortest and falls into the clamping groove 8 in front under manual assistance; at this time, the exposed part of the jacking rod of the pulling jack 7 is one-quarter of the maximum stroke. Entering the second alternating period of the pushing and pulling cycle, the length of the alternating period is 10s, and in this period, the force of the pushing jack 6 linearly increases to a determined constant value, and the force of the pulling jack 7 linearly decreases to zero, so that the size of the force remains unchanged, even in the alternating period, it is equal to the constant value, and in a pushing and pulling cycle, the distance of the rotation of the auxiliary support 4 is the distance of the clamping grooves 8.

[0057] Figure 12 and Figure 13 The arc-shaped slide top view schematic diagram when the pulling mechanism starts to apply force in two adjacent pushing and pulling cycles is given, and the state of the pushing and pulling mechanism at the moment correspondsFigure 7 . In Figure 12 In the corresponding cycle, the line between the #i card slot 8 and the #i-3 card slot 8 is tangent to the center line of the arc-shaped slide 3 at this time, that is, the line between the two spaced card slots 8 is tangent to the center line of the arc-shaped slide 3, which ensures that the eccentricity of the auxiliary support 4 is small to the extent that it can be ignored in engineering during one push-pull cycle. Figure 13 The situation is similar in the next cycle. It is fully demonstrated that the design of the position and spacing of the card slot 8 in the embodiment is very ingenious.

[0058] Such a cycle of the above operation can push the auxiliary support 4 to rotate smoothly and stably, thereby completing the rotation of the bridge.

[0059] In addition, the present application also provides the above-mentioned bridge rotation method, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0060] 1) At the set rotation axis position, the spherical hinge 2 of the rotation beam is made by a conventional method, a support is erected in parallel to the direction of the crossed railway line 5, and the rotation beam 1 is made;

[0061] 2) An arc-shaped slide 3 with the center of the spherical hinge 2 as the center is made at the gap position between the spherical hinge 2 and the crossed railway line 5, and a card slot 8 is arranged on the upper surface of the arc-shaped slide 3 along the center line of the arc-shaped slide 3, the front side of the card slot 8 is a curved surface, and the upper opening of the card slot 8 is large;

[0062] 3) The auxiliary support 4 is arranged at the bottom of the rotation beam 1, the top of the auxiliary support 4 is fixedly connected with the rotation beam 1, the bottom of the auxiliary support 4 is fixedly connected with the sliding steel plate 9 of the uppermost layer of the sliding joint, and the sliding joint is supported on the arc-shaped slide 3;

[0063] 4) The jacking mechanism and the pulling mechanism of the auxiliary support 4 are placed on the arc-shaped slide 3, the jacking mechanism is arranged at the rear of the auxiliary support 4, and the pulling mechanism is arranged at the front of the auxiliary support 4; the jacking mechanism has a jacking jack 6, and the pulling mechanism has a pulling jack 7; the jacking head of the jacking jack 6 and the pulling jack 7 are hinged in the groove center of the concave pad 17 fixed to the auxiliary support 4; the other end of the jacking jack 6 and the pulling jack 7 is fixedly connected with the corresponding counterforce seat 18, and the lower part of the counterforce seat 18 is a clamping head 19 which can fall into the card slot 8; the counterforce seat 18 can rotate in the horizontal plane;

[0064] 5) The estimated counterweight is arranged at the side span side end of the rotation beam 1 to control the support force of the auxiliary support 4 within the design allowable range, the support is removed after the weighing test, and the pre-counterweight is adjusted according to the test result;

[0065] 6) remove the support; according to the vertical pressure borne by each of the ball hinge 2 and the auxiliary support 4, and the maximum static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient of the tested ball hinge 2 and sliding joint, the maximum tension force of the continuous jack at the ball hinge 2 required for starting the rotation body and the maximum pushing force required for the pushing jack 6 at the auxiliary support 4 are calculated, and the continuous jack and the pushing jack 6 are proportionally and synchronously increased in force, and the auxiliary jack can be used to assist in the process of starting the rotation body; after the rotation body is started, the continuous jack and the pushing jack 6 are reduced in force and approach the calculated dynamic sliding friction force, and the state of the stable operation of the rotation body is found; the rotation body is maintained in stable operation, and the auxiliary support 4 remains vertical, and the force of the pushing jack 6 is a constant value at this time; the clamping head 19 of the counterforce seat 18 of the pulling jack 7 slides on the arc-shaped slide 3, and the top rod of the pulling jack 7 gradually extends to the longest exposed state;

[0066] 7) When the top rod of the pushing jack 6 is exposed to three-quarters of the longest exposed length, the clamping head of the pulling jack 7 falls into the corresponding clamping groove 8, and the front-end cylinder oil pressure of the pulling jack 7 is linearly increased and the rear-end cylinder oil pressure of the pushing jack 6 is linearly decreased in the alternate time period calculated according to the rotation speed of the rotation body beam 1, so that the sum of the pushing force and the pulling force is still equal to the constant value determined in step 5; finally, the force of the pulling jack 7 reaches the constant value; the pushing force of the pushing jack 6 is zero, and then the clamping head 19 of the counterforce seat 18 thereof is dragged away from the clamping groove 8 and starts to slide on the arc-shaped slide 3; the top rod of the pushing jack 6 is then gradually retracted;

[0067] 8) When the top rod of the pulling jack 7 is exposed to one-quarter of the longest exposed length, the clamping head 19 of the pushing jack 6 falls into the corresponding clamping groove 8, and the rear-end cylinder oil pressure of the pushing jack 6 is linearly increased and the front-end cylinder oil pressure of the pulling jack 7 is linearly decreased in the determined alternate time period, so that the sum of the pushing force and the pulling force is still equal to the constant value; finally, the force of the pushing jack 6 reaches the constant value; the pulling force of the pulling jack 7 is zero, and then the clamping head 19 of the counterforce seat 18 thereof is pushed away from the clamping groove 8 and starts to slide on the arc-shaped slide 3; the top rod of the pulling jack 7 is then gradually extended;

[0068] 9) The rotation body beam 1 is rotated to the position by the cyclic operation of steps 7 and 8.

[0069] In summary, the bridge rotation system provided by the application solves the problem of large rotation body traction and difficult rotation of the existing rotation table by alternately applying force to the auxiliary support 4 through the setting of the pushing mechanism and the pulling mechanism, and driving the upper rotation body beam 1 to move along the circumference.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] This embodiment is a local modification of embodiment 1. To avoid the influence of the elevation error of the arc-shaped slide 3 on the force of the auxiliary support 4, a telescopic support mechanism is added to the middle of the auxiliary support 4. See Figure 7 The telescopic support mechanism includes an inner slide plate 45 and an outer slide plate 46 nested together in a column ring shape, a top steel plate 42, a bottom steel plate 43, and a vertical support jack 44 inside. There is a gasket 12 between the support jack 44 and the top steel plate 42. The outer diameter of the inner slide plate 45 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer slide plate 46, and there is a 1mm gap between the inner slide plate 45 and the oil cylinder part of the support jack 44. The lower outer side of the gasket 12 has a notch with a width slightly larger than the thickness of the inner slide plate 45, so that the top of the inner slide plate 45 can extend into it. When making the auxiliary support 4, add a gasket support between the slide plate stiffening rib 47 and the bottom steel plate 43 to ensure that the support jack 44 has an elongation of about 10cm. Before starting the rotation, remove the gasket, and as the support is removed, gradually increase the oil pressure of the support jack 44, and finally reach the oil pressure corresponding to the design pressure of the auxiliary support 4. Under the constant oil pressure, even if there is a certain error in the elevation of the arc-shaped slide 3, the auxiliary support 4 can still provide support to the rotating beam 1.

[0072] Embodiment 3

[0073] This embodiment is a local modification of embodiment 2. To reduce the frictional force on the auxiliary support 4 during rotation, the sliding joint between the short column 48 at the lower end of the auxiliary support 4 and the arc-shaped slide 3 uses a ball slide. Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The ball slide mainly includes a sliding steel plate 9, a lower cover plate 16, and steel balls 13; the bottom surface of the sliding steel plate 9 is arranged with hemispherical grooves 14, the steel balls 13 are placed after being greased, and the lower cover plate 16 is then buckled. The lower cover plate 16 has corresponding through holes with a spherical surface ring 15 with a large upper opening and a small lower opening. Replacing sliding friction with rolling friction can greatly reduce friction, thereby reducing the pushing and pulling force required by the auxiliary support 4 during rotation, providing the possibility for the auxiliary support 4 to bear a greater weight of the rotating beam 1, and meeting the needs of extremely asymmetric rotation.

Claims

1. A bridge swivel system in a highly asymmetric state, comprising a swivel beam and a spherical hinge, characterized in that: The swivel beam is provided below with an arc-shaped slide way with the center of the spherical hinge as the center, the bottom of the swivel beam is provided with an auxiliary support, the top of the auxiliary support is fixedly connected with the swivel beam, the bottom of the auxiliary support is fixedly connected with a sliding steel plate, the sliding steel plate and the components below it constitute a sliding assembly, the sliding assembly is supported on the arc-shaped slide way; the auxiliary support is provided with a pushing mechanism and a pulling mechanism arranged on the arc-shaped slide way, the pushing mechanism is arranged at the rear of the auxiliary support, and the pulling mechanism is arranged at the front of the auxiliary support; the pushing mechanism comprises a counterforce seat and a pushing jack, and the pulling mechanism comprises a counterforce seat and a pulling jack; during the swiveling, the pushing jack and the pulling jack alternately apply forces to the auxiliary support, the total force is constant, and the force of one jack gradually increases and the force of the other jack gradually decreases during the alternation; the upper surface of the arc-shaped slide way is provided with a connecting structure for fixing the counterforce seat; the connecting structure is a row of clamping slots arranged along the arc-shaped slide way, and the distance between adjacent clamping slots is less than the sum of the maximum stroke of the pushing jack and the maximum stroke of the pulling jack; the front side of the clamping slot in the advancing direction of the auxiliary support is upwardly inclined, and the upper opening is large; the bottom surface of the counterforce seat is connected with a clamping head corresponding to the clamping slot; the front end of the pushing jack is connected with a pad spherical hinge fixed on the rear side surface of the auxiliary support, the recess of the pad is located at the center position of the pad surface, and the vertical center lines of the two surfaces of the pad and the auxiliary support are coincident; the rear end of the pulling jack is connected with a pad spherical hinge fixed on the front side surface of the auxiliary support, the hollow recess of the pad is located at the center position of the pad surface, and the front and rear surfaces of the pad and the front side surface of the auxiliary support are parallel; the two pads on the same auxiliary support are the same in size, correspond in front and back, and are at the same height.

2. The bridge swivel system in a highly asymmetric state according to claim 1, characterized in that; The upper surface of the arc-shaped slide way is in the shape of an arc-shaped band, the central angle of the arc is greater than the rotation angle of the swivel beam, and the two ends of the arc-shaped slide way are provided with limiting blocks.

3. The bridge swivel system in a highly asymmetric state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary support has two groups, which are symmetrically arranged about the vertical symmetry plane of the swivel beam; the auxiliary support comprises a steel pipe concrete column at the upper portion and a short column at the lower portion.

4. The bridge swivel system in a highly asymmetric state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary support is provided with a telescopic support mechanism, the telescopic support mechanism comprises an outer sliding plate in the shape of a column ring, an inner sliding plate coaxially sleeved with the outer sliding plate and capable of sliding relative to the outer sliding plate, a top steel plate, a bottom steel plate and an oil pressure support jack arranged vertically.

5. The bridge swivel system in a highly asymmetric state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly comprises a Teflon sliding plate embedded in the lower surface of the sliding steel plate and a stainless steel plate fixed on the arc-shaped slide way.

6. The bridge turn system in a highly asymmetric state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly is a ball sliding plate, mainly comprising a sliding steel plate, a lower cover plate and steel balls; the bottom surface of the sliding steel plate is arranged with hemispherical grooves, the lower cover plate has corresponding through holes, and the wall of the through hole is a spherical ring with a large upper opening and a small lower opening.

7. A bridge swiveling method in an extremely asymmetric state, comprising the following steps: Step 1: at the set swiveling axis position, a spherical hinge of the swivel beam is made by a conventional method, a support is erected in the direction parallel to the crossed route, and the swivel beam is made. Step 2: make an arc-shaped slide with the center of the spherical hinge as the center, and set a clamping groove on the upper surface of the arc-shaped slide along the arc-shaped slide; the front side of the clamping groove is a slope, and the upper opening of the clamping groove is large; Step 3: set an auxiliary support at the bottom of the rotating beam, the top of the auxiliary support is fixedly connected with the rotating beam, and the bottom of the auxiliary support is fixedly connected with the sliding steel plate of the sliding joint, and the sliding joint is supported on the arc-shaped slide; Step 4: place the jacking mechanism and the pulling mechanism of the auxiliary support on the arc-shaped slide, the jacking mechanism is arranged at the rear of the auxiliary support, and the pulling mechanism is arranged at the front of the auxiliary support; the jacking mechanism has a jacking jack, and the pulling mechanism has a pulling jack; the top head of the jacking jack and the pulling jack are both spherical hinge-connected at the center of the base plate fixed to the auxiliary support; the other end of the jacking jack and the pulling jack is fixedly connected with the corresponding counterforce seat, and the bottom surface of the counterforce seat is connected with the clamping head which can fall into the clamping groove; Step 5: arrange a pre-estimated counterweight at the end of the rotating beam segment on the side span to control the support force of the auxiliary support within the design allowable range, and then remove the support for weighing test, and adjust the pre-estimated counterweight according to the test result; Step 6: remove the support; according to the vertical pressure borne by the spherical hinge and the auxiliary support respectively, and the maximum static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the spherical hinge and the sliding joint respectively tested, the maximum tension of the continuous jack at the spherical hinge required for starting the rotating body and the maximum jacking force of the jacking jack at the auxiliary support are calculated, so that the continuous jack and the jacking jack increase the force in proportion and synchronously, and other jacks can be used to assist in the process; start the rotating body; after the rotating body is started, the continuous jack and the jacking jack decrease the force and approach the dynamic sliding friction force calculated, so that the rotating body runs stably; maintain the stable running of the rotating body, and the auxiliary support remains vertical, at this time the jacking force of the jacking jack is a constant value; the clamping head of the counterforce seat of the pulling jack slides on the arc-shaped slide, and the top rod of the pulling jack gradually extends; Step 7: when the top rod of the jacking jack is exposed by three quarters of the maximum length that can be exposed, the clamping head of the pulling jack falls into the corresponding clamping groove, the oil pressure of the pulling jack linearly increases, and the oil pressure of the jacking jack linearly decreases in the alternate time period calculated according to the rotating speed of the rotating beam, so that the sum of the jacking force and the pulling force is still equal to the constant value determined in step 6; finally the jacking force of the pulling jack reaches the constant value; the jacking force of the jacking jack is zero, and then the clamping head of the counterforce seat of the jacking jack is dragged to leave the clamping groove and starts to slide on the arc-shaped slide; the top rod of the jacking jack is then gradually retracted; Step 8: when the top rod of the pulling jack is exposed by one quarter of the maximum length that can be exposed, the clamping head of the jacking jack falls into the corresponding clamping groove, the oil pressure of the jacking jack linearly increases, and the oil pressure of the pulling jack linearly decreases in the determined alternate time period, so that the sum of the jacking force and the pulling force is still equal to the constant value; finally the jacking force of the jacking jack reaches the constant value, and the pulling force of the pulling jack is zero; then the clamping head of the counterforce seat of the pulling jack is pushed to leave the clamping groove and starts to slide on the arc-shaped slide; the top rod of the pulling jack is then gradually extended; Step 9: Repeat the procedure of Step 7 and Step 8 to rotate the segmental beam into place.

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