Building prestressed support structure for foundation pit protection

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prestressed support structure for foundation pit protection, comprising a foundation mechanism, an external protection mechanism, a water-expanding rubber waterstop and a prestressed support mechanism, wherein the expansive rubber waterstop is arranged on the inner side of the external protection mechanism, the foundation mechanism comprises a concrete casting body, and the concrete casting body is arranged on both sides of the external protection mechanism, and the prestressed support mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the water-expanding rubber waterstop, and is used to provide prestress before the concrete casting body is cast to ensure structural strength. After the casting is completed, the concrete casting body squeezes the external protection mechanism inwardly. Since prestress has been applied to both sides by the prestressed support mechanism, the prestress and the squeezing force offset each other, thereby increasing the strength of the structure while reducing the deformation of the external protection mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of foundation pit support, and in particular relates to a prestressed building support structure for foundation pit protection. Background Art

[0002] The foundation pit is an earth pit excavated at the designed location of the foundation according to the base elevation and foundation plane dimensions. Before excavation, the excavation plan should be determined based on geological and hydrological data and the conditions of nearby buildings on site, and waterproofing and drainage work should be done. If the excavation is not deep, the side slope can be used to stabilize the soil slope, and the slope size is determined according to relevant construction regulations. For deeper excavations and nearby buildings, foundation pit wall support methods and shotcrete wall protection methods can be used. Large foundation pits can even use underground continuous walls and column-type bored pile chains to prevent the outer soil layer from collapsing. If there is no impact on nearby buildings, the well point method can be used to lower the groundwater level and adopt slope reduction and open excavation. In cold areas, natural cold air freezing methods can be used for excavation, etc.

[0003] The prior art discloses some invention patents in the field of foundation pit support technology, among which Chinese patent CN104652495B discloses a waterproof construction process for the support columns and bottom plate nodes in the foundation pit, including the use of an internal support method to temporarily protect the safety and stability of the foundation pit before the construction of the basement structure, and when constructing the basement bottom plate, reserving a construction opening within a range of ≥500mm around the support columns in the foundation pit; after the main structure of the basement is completed, the concrete columns are removed until the top of the support columns is lower than the bottom surface of the basement bottom plate; gravel is backfilled between the lower plane of the bottom plate and the upper end of the remaining support columns, and then a fine stone concrete cushion layer is laid on the backfilled gravel; a galvanized steel pipe is vertically inserted in the fine stone concrete cushion layer, a water pump is connected to the upper end of the galvanized steel pipe, and a water stop ring is welded in the middle of the galvanized steel pipe; a cement-based seepage is applied on the fine stone concrete cushion layer. Penetrating crystalline waterproof coating; using DAL double-sided self-adhesive waterproof membrane on cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating for DAL wet laying, the DAL double-sided self-adhesive waterproof membrane and the DAL double-sided self-adhesive waterproof membrane originally wet-laid on the bottom plate around the construction hole are overlapped, and sealed with a single-component polyurethane building sealant at the overlap; using non-shrinkage concrete with a strength and anti-seepage grade one level higher than the bottom plate to fill the gap, and adding a quick-setting agent to the concrete; after the concrete is cured to a strength of 80%, the galvanized steel pipe is sealed with a plug, and a plain concrete post-cast layer is constructed on the basement floor to completely cover the galvanized steel pipe. This technical solution adopts the method of internal support to ensure the safety and stability of the temporary enclosure foundation pit, and this column support will affect the construction of the basement structure. When constructing the basement floor, a construction hole is often reserved within a range of ≥500mm around the support column in the foundation pit. The present invention utilizes double-sided self-adhesive waterproofing membrane to carry out DAL wet-laying method membrane to carry out overlapping waterproofing system operation, thereby solving the problem of waterproofing construction in water environment; utilizes the permeability of cement-based penetrating crystallization waterproofing material to solve the problem of self-sealing waterproofing in concrete; utilizes the water-stopping property of water-stop steel plate to effectively ensure the quality of waterproofing construction; utilizes pre-buried galvanized steel pipe and external water pump to reduce the influence of water pressure on pouring concrete.

[0004] Waterproofing of prestressed support for foundation pit protection is the most important part of building support for foundation pit. The use of waterstop can improve the waterproofing effect, and it has wear resistance, aging resistance, tear resistance, and strong adaptability to deformation. Generally, since the tear strength of rubber is 3-6 times lower than the tensile strength, once the rubber waterstop is punctured or torn, it will expand without much external force. Then, due to the casting method and the casting pressure, the shrinkage rate of the concrete casting surface is not exactly the same, which will affect the fit between the concrete surface and the water-expanding rubber waterstop, and it is easy to fall off. In addition, after the water-expanding rubber waterstop expands, there is a lack of buffer space, which makes the supporting connection structure easy to be damaged.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention designs a prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that due to the casting method and the casting pressure, the shrinkage rate of the concrete casting surface is not exactly the same, which will affect the fit between the concrete surface and the water-swelling rubber waterstop and is prone to falling off. In addition, after the water-swelling rubber waterstop expands, there is a lack of buffer space, which makes the supporting connection structure easily damaged. A prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection is proposed.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection, comprising:

[0009] A foundation mechanism, an external protection mechanism, a water-swelling rubber waterstop and a prestressed support mechanism, wherein the expanding rubber waterstop is arranged on the inner side of the external protection mechanism, the foundation mechanism includes a concrete casting body, the concrete casting body is arranged on both sides of the external protection mechanism, and the prestressed support mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the water-swelling rubber waterstop, and is used to provide prestress before the concrete casting body is cast to ensure structural strength. After the casting is completed, the concrete casting body squeezes the external protection mechanism inward. Since prestress has been applied to both sides through the prestressed support mechanism, the prestress and the squeezing force offset each other, thereby increasing the strength of the structure while reducing the deformation of the external protection mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the water-swellable rubber waterstop comprises: a support cavity;

[0011] The prestressed support mechanism includes: an air duct, a top plate, a piston body, a push rod and a piston plate;

[0012] The hollow support cavity is arranged in the middle position of the expansion rubber waterstop, and top plates are provided on both sides of the inner side of the support cavity. The air duct runs through the upper side of the water-expanding rubber waterstop to the support cavity. The top plate on one side is fixedly connected to the piston body, and the piston body is communicated with the air duct. The piston plate is slidably connected to the piston body, and the outer side of the piston plate is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the push rod is fixedly connected to the top plate on the other side.

[0013] Preferably, the prestressed support mechanism further includes a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is arranged on the upper side of the air passage.

[0014] Preferably, the prestressed support mechanism also includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged inside the piston body; gas is injected into the air duct through a one-way valve to generate air pressure, and the atmospheric pressure inside the piston body is obtained through the pressure sensor, and the applied prestress can be calculated. The size of the prestress is applied according to the condition of the concrete casting body, and the prestress is applied to the external protective mechanism through the push rod and the top plate squeezing the support cavity. After pouring, the prestress and the extrusion force offset each other, thereby increasing the strength of the structure while reducing the deformation of the external protective mechanism.

[0015] A prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection, comprising:

[0016] A foundation mechanism and a foundation pit support, a transverse joint is reserved between the foundation pit support and the foundation mechanism, a water-swelling rubber waterstop is embedded in the transverse joint, an external protection mechanism is provided between the water-swelling rubber waterstop and the foundation mechanism, and the external protection mechanism has a built-in regulating component, and the top and bottom of the water-swelling rubber waterstop are respectively provided with an upper waterproof component and a pressure balancing component;

[0017] An external protective mechanism, comprising an external bladder for balancing the water-expanding rubber waterstop and enhancing its surface toughness, wherein the external bladder is embedded and connected to a side of the connector facing away from the concrete casting body;

[0018] The regulating component includes an internal capsule, which is embedded in the external capsule, and the space between the external capsule and the internal capsule is filled with a non-Newtonian fluid.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The foundation structure includes a foundation pit base, a concrete casting body is cast at a position of the foundation pit base corresponding to the inner wall of the transverse joint, steel bars are also cast in the concrete casting body, and the ends of the steel bars are fixedly welded with butt inner sleeves.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] A card-type sleeve is clamped on the surface of the docking inner sleeve, a positioning bead is sleeved inside the card-type sleeve, and a first support spring is also provided at a position corresponding to the positioning bead inside the card-type sleeve. One end of the first support spring is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the card-type sleeve, and the other end of the first support spring is fixedly connected to a side close to the positioning bead.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0024] The outer protection mechanism also includes a connector, which has a docking sleeve clamped on one side of the connector close to the concrete casting body. The docking sleeve is sleeved on the surface of the docking inner sleeve. A locking groove is opened on the inner side wall of the docking sleeve, and a positioning bead is located in the locking groove.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0026] A sealing outer ring is fixedly connected between the inner sac and the outer sac to stabilize the inner sac and seal the non-Newtonian fluid.

[0027] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0028] The regulating component also includes a one-way shutoff seat, the edge of which is hinged to the inner side wall of the built-in capsule through a spring hinge, and a cone is provided on the top of the one-way shutoff seat.

[0029] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0030] The top of the conical body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air plug, the surface of the air plug is sleeved with a rigid connecting sleeve, the bottom of the rigid connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the external sac, the inner side wall of the rigid connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to a support ring seat, the top of the support ring seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the one-way shut-off seat through a second supporting spring, and a drainage port is also opened on the inner side wall of the rigid connecting sleeve at a position corresponding to the one-way shut-off seat.

[0031] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0032] The foundation structure also includes a reserved filling groove, which is arranged on the top of the concrete casting body. The upper waterproof component includes an upper sealing plate, which is detachably connected to the reserved filling groove, and a polyurethane waterproof coating is sprayed between the upper sealing plate and the concrete casting body.

[0033] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0034] The pressure balancing assembly includes a telescopic support, the telescopic support is located in the transverse joint, and the end of the telescopic support is fixedly connected to a side close to the concrete casting body. The top of the telescopic support is fixedly connected to a pressure balancing device.

[0035] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0036] The front end surface of the top of the pressure balancing device is connected to one end of the pressure balancing tube, and the other end of the pressure balancing tube is clamped on the front end surface of the manifold. The manifold is fixedly connected to the bottom of the external sac, and the bottom of the external sac is also connected to the top of the manifold through a one-way branch pipe.

[0037] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] 1. In the present invention, by cooperating with each other through the external protection mechanism, regulating component, water-swelling rubber waterstop and pressure balancing component and other structures, the supporting force of the concrete casting body and the steel bars is utilized to effectively enhance the external hanging ability of the connector, that is, the load capacity is qualitatively improved. During pouring, the pouring pressure can be avoided from damaging the water-swelling rubber waterstop, and the water-swelling rubber waterstop can also be prevented from being punctured by sharp stones, steel bars and other hard objects, effectively ensuring the water-stopping effect of the water-swelling rubber waterstop, and having strong adaptability to deformation, easy installation and firm combination with the concrete casting body, effectively preventing the water-swelling rubber waterstop from falling off.

[0039] 2. In the present invention, through the provision of a basic mechanism and an external protective mechanism, the docking sleeve on the connector is arranged to correspond to the built-in steel bars of the concrete casting body. When the connector and the concrete casting body are assembled and installed, the connector is first attached to the inner wall of the transverse seam, and then the docking sleeve is pressed hard. Since the positioning bead is always subjected to the elastic support force from the first supporting spring in a stationary state, when it is subjected to pressure, it will slowly sink into the card sleeve until the positioning bead moves to the position of the corresponding interlocking groove. Under the support of the return elastic force of the first supporting spring, the positioning bead enters the connecting groove, thereby realizing rapid assembly between the connector and the concrete casting body. By utilizing the supporting force of the concrete casting body and the steel bars, the external hanging ability of the connector is effectively enhanced, that is, the load capacity is qualitatively improved.

[0040] 3. In the present invention, by setting an external protective mechanism, a regulating component and a water-swelling rubber waterstop, after completing the combined installation between the connector and the steel bar, the water-swelling rubber waterstop is then placed in the interlayer between the two connectors, and then the concrete pouring work is carried out. Since a connector and an external bladder on the connector are provided between the water-swelling rubber waterstop and the concrete casting body, the external bladder and the connector have good tearing strength, and the non-Newtonian fluid filled therein will increase its surface hardness several times when subjected to a relatively fast and strong impact. Therefore, during pouring, the pouring pressure can be avoided from damaging the water-swelling rubber waterstop, and the water-swelling rubber waterstop can be prevented from being punctured by hard objects such as sharp stones and steel bars, effectively ensuring the water-swelling rubber waterstop The water-stop effect is achieved after the concrete casting body is poured and solidified. Since the concrete casting body will shrink after solidification, the shrinkage rate of each part is different due to the casting method and the casting pressure. According to the shrinkage of the concrete casting body after solidification, the external bladder corresponding to the position with higher shrinkage rate is pressurized, and the air plug corresponding to the pressure introduction pipe is inserted into the rigid connecting sleeve. As the air plug moves downward, it will exert pressure on the one-way shut-off seat through the cone to open the one-way shut-off seat. Therefore, when the port of the drainage port is above the air plug, high-pressure gas can be injected into the interior of the built-in bladder through the pressure introduction pipe to increase the expansion degree of the built-in air bag. It has strong adaptability to deformation, is easy to install, and is firmly combined with the concrete casting body, effectively preventing the water-expanding rubber waterstop from falling off.

[0041] 4. In the present invention, the upper waterproof component is designed, and the upper sealing plate can prevent external water from contacting the transverse seam surface, causing the surface to soften, and the polyurethane waterproof coating can also play a waterproof role, thereby achieving the purpose of waterproofing.

[0042] 5. In the present invention, the telescopic support has a certain telescopic ability through the designed pressure balance component. When the transverse seam shrinks, it will not affect the natural telescopic behavior of the transverse seam. When the water-expanding rubber waterstop absorbs water and expands, it will exert pressure on the pressure balance device. As the built-in piston of the pressure balance device moves downward, it will extract the gas inside the built-in sac through the pressure balance pipe, the diverter and the one-way branch pipe. When the water-expanding rubber waterstop loses water, it will pull the built-in piston of the pressure balance device upward, and the air pressure in the pressure balance device will be diverted to each built-in sac, which can then change itself with the expansion degree of the water-expanding waterstop. The expansion rate of the built-in bladder is changed, and thus, on the basis of ensuring a good expansion rate of the water-swellable rubber waterstop, the stability between the water-swellable rubber waterstop, the connector and the external bladder can be always guaranteed, effectively ensuring the stability and firmness of the water-swellable rubber waterstop. Moreover, according to the fit between a single external bladder and the water-swellable rubber waterstop, gas can be added to the corresponding external bladder or part of the gas in the external bladder can be released to increase or decrease the pressure, so as to facilitate the control of the pressure intensity between the external protective mechanism and the water-swellable rubber waterstop, and prevent the water-swellable rubber waterstop from being damaged due to excessive local resistance stress when it expands in water.

[0043] 5. Prestress is applied to the outer protective mechanism by squeezing the support cavity through the push rod and the top plate. After pouring, the prestress and the squeezing force offset each other, increasing the strength of the structure while reducing the deformation of the outer protective mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a prestressed support structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of a water-expandable rubber waterstop and a foundation mechanism in a prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the enlarged position A in a prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the foundation mechanism in a prestressed support structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an external bladder in a prestressed support structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the enlarged position B in a prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of a butt-jointed inner sleeve and a butt-jointed outer sleeve in a prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a card sleeve in a prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the external protection mechanism of a prestressed support structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 The present invention provides a schematic cross-sectional view of a pressure balancing device in a prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection.

[0054] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the prestressed support mechanism in a prestressed support structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention.

[0055] Figure 12 The present invention provides a cross-sectional view of a prestressed support mechanism in a prestressed support structure for foundation pit protection.

[0056] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the prestressed support structure for foundation pit protection proposed by the present invention.

[0057] Legend:

[0058] 1. Foundation mechanism; 101. Foundation pit base; 102. Concrete casting body; 103. Rebar; 104. Inner sleeve for docking; 105. Positioning beads; 106. First support spring; 107. Reserved filling groove; 108. Card sleeve; 2. External protection mechanism; 201. Connector; 202. External capsule; 203. Docking sleeve; 204. Interlocking groove; 3. Control assembly; 301. Internal capsule; 302. Non-Newtonian fluid; 303. Sealing outer ring; 304. One-way shut-off seat; 305. Spring hinge; 306. Rigid connecting sleeve; 307. Second support spring; 308. Support ring seat; 309, drainage port; 310, cone; 311, air plug; 4, upper waterproof assembly; 401, upper sealing plate; 402, polyurethane waterproof coating; 5, pressure balance assembly; 501, diverter; 502, one-way branch pipe; 503, pressure balance pipe; 504, pressure balance device; 505, telescopic support; 6, water-swelling rubber waterstop; 601, support cavity; 7, prestressed support mechanism; 701, air duct; 702, one-way valve; 703, top plate; 704, piston body; 705, push rod; 706, piston plate; 707, pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] See also Figure 1-10 The present invention provides a technical solution: a prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection, comprising a foundation mechanism 1 and a foundation pit support, a transverse joint being reserved between the foundation pit support and the foundation mechanism, a water-swelling rubber waterstop 6 being embedded in the transverse joint, an external protection mechanism 2 being provided between the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6 and the foundation mechanism 1, and a regulating component 3 being built into the external protection mechanism 2, and an upper waterproof component 4 and a pressure balancing component 5 being provided on the top and bottom of the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6, respectively;

[0062] The external protection mechanism 2 includes an external bladder 202 for balancing the water-expandable rubber waterstop 6 and enhancing its surface toughness. The external bladder 202 is embedded and connected to the side of the connector 201 facing away from the concrete casting body 102.

[0063] The regulating component 3 includes a built-in capsule 301 , which is embedded in the external capsule 202 , and a non-Newtonian fluid 302 is filled between the external capsule 202 and the built-in capsule 301 .

[0064] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figure 3, the foundation structure 1 includes a foundation pit base 101, and a concrete casting body 102 is cast at the position of the foundation pit base 101 corresponding to the inner wall of the transverse joint. Steel bars 103 are also cast in the concrete casting body 102, and the ends of the steel bars 103 are fixedly welded with a docking inner sleeve 104. The surface of the docking inner sleeve 104 is clamped with a card sleeve 108, and a positioning bead 105 is sleeved inside the card sleeve 108. A first supporting spring 106 is also provided at the position of the positioning bead 105 inside the card sleeve 108. One end of the first supporting spring 106 is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the card sleeve 108, and the other end of the first supporting spring 106 is fixedly connected to a side close to the positioning bead 105.

[0065] In this embodiment: the docking sleeve 203 on the connector 201 is arranged corresponding to the built-in steel bars 103 of the concrete casting body 102. When the connector 201 and the concrete casting body 102 are assembled and installed, the connector 201 is first attached to the inner wall of the transverse seam. Then, the docking sleeve 203 is pressed hard. Since the positioning bead 105 is always subjected to the elastic support force from the first supporting spring 106 in a static state, when it is subjected to pressure, it will slowly sink into the card sleeve 108 until the positioning bead 105 moves to the position corresponding to the interlocking groove 204. Under the support of the restoring elastic force of the first supporting spring 106, the positioning bead 105 enters the connecting groove, thereby realizing the rapid assembly between the connector 201 and the concrete casting body 102.

[0066] like Figure 6 and 9 As shown, the outer protective mechanism 2 also includes a connector 201, and a docking sleeve 203 is clamped on the side of the connector 201 close to the concrete casting body 102. The docking sleeve 203 is sleeved on the surface of the docking inner sleeve 104. A locking groove 204 is opened on the inner side wall of the docking sleeve 203, and the positioning bead 105 is located in the locking groove 204.

[0067] In this embodiment: when it is subjected to pressure, it will slowly sink into the card sleeve 108 until the positioning bead 105 moves to the position corresponding to the interlocking groove 204. Under the support of the return elastic force of the first support spring 106, the positioning bead 105 enters the connecting groove, thereby realizing the rapid assembly between the connecting body 201 and the concrete casting body 102. The supporting force of the concrete casting body 102 and the steel bar 103 is utilized to effectively enhance the external hanging ability of the connecting body 201.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, a sealing outer ring 303 is fixedly connected between the internal sac 301 and the external sac 202 to stabilize the internal sac 301 and seal the non-Newtonian fluid 302 .

[0069] In this embodiment: since a connector 201 and an external bladder 202 on the connector 201 are provided between the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6 and the concrete casting body 102, the external bladder 202 and the connector 201 both have good tear resistance, and the surface hardness of the filled non-Newtonian fluid 302 will be increased several times when subjected to a relatively fast and strong impact, so during pouring, it can avoid the pouring pressure from causing damage to the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6.

[0070] like Figure 5As shown, the regulating component 3 also includes a one-way shutoff seat 304, the edge of which is hinged to the inner wall of the built-in capsule 301 through a spring hinge 305, and a cone 310 is provided on the top of the one-way shutoff seat 304, and the top of the cone 310 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air plug 311, and the surface of the air plug 311 is sleeved with a rigid connecting sleeve 306, and the bottom of the rigid connecting sleeve 306 is fixedly connected to the top of the external capsule 202, and a support ring seat 308 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rigid connecting sleeve 306, and the top of the support ring seat 308 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the one-way shutoff seat 304 through a second support spring 307, and a drainage port 309 is also provided on the inner wall of the rigid connecting sleeve 306 at a position corresponding to the one-way shutoff seat 304.

[0071] In this embodiment: according to the shrinkage of the concrete casting body 102 after solidification, the external bladder 202 corresponding to the position with higher shrinkage rate is pressurized, and the pressure introduction tube corresponding to the air plug 311 is inserted into the rigid connecting sleeve 306. Since the air plug 311 will apply pressure to the one-way shut-off seat 304 through the cone 310 during the downward movement, the one-way shut-off seat 304 is opened. Therefore, when the port of the drainage port 309 is located above the air plug 311, high-pressure gas can be injected into the interior of the built-in bladder 301 through the pressure introduction tube, thereby increasing the expansion degree of the built-in air bag.

[0072] like Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the basic structure 1 also includes a reserved filling groove 107, which is arranged on the top of the concrete casting body 102. The upper waterproof component 4 includes an upper sealing plate 401, which is detachably connected to the reserved filling groove 107, and a polyurethane waterproof coating 402 is also sprayed between the upper sealing plate 401 and the concrete casting body 102.

[0073] In this embodiment, the upper sealing plate 401 can prevent external water from contacting the surface of the transverse joint, causing the surface to soften, and the polyurethane waterproof coating 402 can also play a waterproof role, thereby achieving the purpose of waterproofing.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the pressure balancing assembly 5 includes a telescopic support 505, which is located in the transverse joint and its end is fixedly connected to a surface close to the concrete casting body 102. The top of the telescopic support 505 is fixedly connected to a pressure balancing device 504, and the front end surface of the top of the pressure balancing device 504 is connected to one end of the pressure balancing tube 503. The other end of the pressure balancing tube 503 is clamped on the front end surface of the diverter 501. The diverter 501 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the external sac 202, and the bottom of the external sac 202 is also connected to the top of the diverter 501 through the one-way branch 502.

[0075] In this embodiment: the telescopic support 505 has a certain telescopic ability, and when the transverse seam shrinks, it will not affect the natural telescopic behavior of the transverse seam. When the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6 absorbs water and expands, it will exert pressure on the pressure balancing device 504. As the built-in piston of the pressure balancing device 504 moves downward, it will extract the gas inside the built-in sac 301 through the pressure balancing tube 503, the diverter 501 and the one-way branch 502. When the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6 loses water, it will pull the built-in piston of the pressure balancing device 504 upward, and the air pressure in the pressure balancing device 504 will be diverted to each built-in sac 301, and then it can automatically change the expansion rate of the built-in sac 301 as the water-swelling waterstop expands due to water absorption, and then it can always ensure the stability between the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6 and the connector 201 and the external sac 202 on the basis of ensuring a good expansion rate of the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6.

[0076] Working principle, when using:

[0077] First, the docking sleeve 203 on the connector 201 is arranged corresponding to the built-in steel bars 103 of the concrete casting body 102. When the connector 201 and the concrete casting body 102 are assembled and installed, the connector 201 is first attached to the inner wall of the transverse seam. Then, the docking sleeve 203 is pressed hard. Since the positioning bead 105 is always supported by the elastic support force from the first supporting spring 106 in a static state, when it is subjected to pressure, it will slowly sink into the card sleeve 108 until the positioning bead 105 moves to the position of the corresponding interlocking groove 204. Under the support of the return elastic force of the first supporting spring 106, the positioning bead 105 enters the connecting groove, thereby realizing the connection between the connector 201 and the concrete casting body 102. Quick assembly, using the supporting force of the concrete casting body 102 and the steel bar 103, effectively enhances the external hanging ability of the connector 201, that is, the load capacity is qualitatively improved. Then, after completing the combined installation between the connector 201 and the steel bar 103, the water-expanding rubber waterstop 6 is placed in the interlayer between the two connectors 201, and then the concrete pouring work is carried out. Since the connector 201 and the external bladder 202 on the connector 201 are provided between the water-expanding rubber waterstop 6 and the concrete casting body 102, the external bladder 202 and the connector 201 have good tearing strength, and the non-Newtonian fluid 302 filled therein will be increased several times in surface hardness when subjected to a relatively fast and strong impact, so During pouring, the pouring pressure can be prevented from damaging the water-expanding rubber waterstop 6, and the water-expanding rubber waterstop 6 can also be prevented from being punctured by hard objects such as sharp stones and steel bars 103, effectively ensuring the water-stopping effect of the water-expanding rubber waterstop 6. After the concrete casting body 102 is poured and solidified, the concrete casting body 102 will shrink after solidification. Due to the influence of the pouring method and the pouring pressure, the shrinkage rate of each part has certain differences. According to the shrinkage of the concrete casting body 102 after solidification, the external bladder 202 corresponding to the position with a higher shrinkage rate is pressurized, and the air plug 311 corresponding to the pressure inlet pipe is inserted into the rigid connecting sleeve 306. As the air plug 311 moves downward, it will pass through the cone 31 0 applies pressure on the one-way interception seat 304 to open the one-way interception seat 304. Therefore, when the port of the drainage port 309 is located above the air plug 311, high-pressure gas can be injected into the interior of the built-in bag 301 through the pressure introduction tube, thereby increasing the expansion degree of the built-in air bag. It has strong adaptability to deformation, is easy to install, and is firmly combined with the concrete casting body 102, effectively avoiding the water-expanding rubber waterstop 6 from falling off. Finally, because the upper sealing plate 401 can prevent external water from contacting the surface of the transverse joint and softening the surface, and the polyurethane waterproof coating 402 can also play a waterproof role, thereby achieving the purpose of waterproofing, the telescopic support 505 has a certain telescopic ability. When the transverse joint shrinks, it will not affect the natural telescopic behavior of the transverse joint.When the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6 absorbs water and expands, it will exert pressure on the pressure balancing device 504. As the built-in piston of the pressure balancing device 504 moves downward, it will extract the gas inside the built-in bladder 301 through the pressure balancing tube 503, the diverter 501 and the one-way branch 502. When the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6 loses water, it will pull the built-in piston of the pressure balancing device 504 upward, and the air pressure in the pressure balancing device 504 will be diverted to each built-in bladder 301. As the expansion degree of the water-swelling waterstop 6 is increased, the expansion rate of the built-in bladder 301 can be automatically changed. Therefore, on the basis of ensuring a good expansion rate of the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6, the stability between the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6, the connector 201 and the external bladder 202 can be always guaranteed, thereby effectively ensuring the stability and firmness of the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6.

[0078] Example 2:

[0079] See Figure 11-13 , a prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection, comprising:

[0080] A foundation structure 1, an external protective structure 2, a water-swelling rubber waterstop 6 and a prestressed support structure 7, wherein the swelling rubber waterstop 6 is arranged on the inner side of the external protective structure 2, and the foundation structure 1 includes a concrete casting body 102, wherein the concrete casting body 102 is arranged on both sides of the external protective structure 2, and the prestressed support structure 7 is arranged on the inner side of the water-swelling rubber waterstop 6, and is used to provide prestress before the concrete casting body 102 is cast to ensure structural strength. After the casting is completed, the concrete casting body 102 squeezes the external protective structure 2 inward. Since prestress has been applied to both sides by the prestressed support structure 7, the prestress and the squeezing force offset each other, thereby increasing the strength of the structure while reducing the deformation of the external protective structure 2.

[0081] Preferably, the water-swellable rubber waterstop 6 comprises: a support cavity 601;

[0082] The prestressed support mechanism 7 includes: an air duct 701, a top plate 703, a piston body 704, a push rod 705 and a piston plate 706;

[0083] The support cavity 601 is hollow and arranged in the middle position of the expandable rubber waterstop 6. Top plates 703 are provided on both sides of the inner side of the support cavity 601. The air duct 701 runs through the upper side of the water-expandable rubber waterstop 6 to the support cavity 601. The top plate 703 on one side is fixedly connected to the piston body 704, and the piston body 704 is connected to the air duct 701. The piston plate 706 is slidably connected inside the piston body 704, and the outer side of the piston plate 706 is fixedly connected to the push rod 705, and the push rod 705 is fixedly connected to the top plate 703 on the other side.

[0084] Preferably, the prestressed support mechanism 7 further includes a one-way valve 702 , and the one-way valve 702 is arranged on the upper side of the air passage 701 .

[0085] Preferably, the prestressed support mechanism 7 also includes a pressure sensor 707, which is arranged inside the piston body 704; gas is injected into the air duct 701 through the one-way valve 702 to generate air pressure, and the atmospheric pressure in the piston body 704 is obtained through the pressure sensor 707, and the applied prestress can be calculated. The size of the prestress is applied according to the situation of the concrete casting body 102, and the prestress is applied to the outer protection mechanism 2 by squeezing the support cavity 601 through the push rod 705 and the top plate 703. After pouring, the prestress and the extrusion force offset each other, thereby increasing the strength of the structure while reducing the deformation of the outer protection mechanism 2.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection, characterized in that: include: A foundation mechanism (1), an outer protection mechanism (2), a water-expanding rubber waterstop (6), and a prestressed support mechanism (7), wherein the expansive rubber waterstop (6) is arranged on the inner side of the outer protection mechanism (2), the foundation mechanism (1) comprises a concrete casting body (102), the concrete casting body (102) is arranged on both sides of the outer protection mechanism (2), and the prestressed support mechanism (7) is arranged on the inner side of the water-expanding rubber waterstop (6) and is used to provide prestress before the concrete casting body (102) is poured to ensure structural strength; The water-swelling rubber waterstop (6) comprises: a support cavity (601); The prestressed support mechanism (7) comprises: an air duct (701), a top plate (703), a piston body (704), a push rod (705) and a piston plate (706); The support cavity (601) is arranged in the middle position of the expansion rubber water stop (6), and top plates (703) are provided on both sides of the inner side of the support cavity (601). The air duct (701) passes through the upper side of the water-expandable rubber water stop (6) to the support cavity (601). The top plate (703) on one side is fixedly connected to the piston body (704), and the piston body (704) is communicated with the air duct (701). The piston plate (706) is slidably connected inside the piston body (704), and the outer side of the piston plate (706) is fixedly connected to the push rod (705), and the push rod (705) is fixedly connected to the top plate (703) on the other side. An external protection mechanism (2) is provided between the water-swelling rubber waterstop (6) and the base mechanism (1), and a regulating component (3) is built into the external protection mechanism (2); An external protection mechanism (2), the external protection mechanism (2) comprising a connector (201) and an external bladder (202), for enhancing the surface toughness of the water-swelling rubber waterstop (6), the external bladder (202) being embedded and connected to a surface of the connector (201) facing away from the concrete casting body (102), and a docking sleeve (203) being clamped on a surface of the connector (201) close to the concrete casting body (102); The regulating component (3) comprises a built-in capsule (301), wherein the built-in capsule (301) is embedded and connected to the interior of the external capsule (202), and a non-Newtonian fluid (302) is also filled between the external capsule (202) and the built-in capsule (301).

2. The prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prestressed support mechanism (7) further comprises a one-way valve (702), and the one-way valve (702) is arranged on the upper side of the air passage (701).

3. The prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The prestressed support mechanism (7) further comprises a pressure sensor (707), and the pressure sensor (707) is arranged inside the piston body (704).

4. The prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Also includes: A foundation pit support, wherein a transverse joint is reserved between the foundation pit support and the foundation structure (1), a water-expanding rubber waterstop (6) is embedded in the transverse joint, and an upper waterproof component (4) and a pressure balancing component (5) are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the water-expanding rubber waterstop (6).

5. The prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The foundation structure (1) comprises a foundation pit base (101), a concrete casting body (102) is cast at a position of the foundation pit base (101) corresponding to the inner wall of the transverse joint, steel bars (103) are also cast in the concrete casting body (102), and the ends of the steel bars (103) are fixedly welded with butt-jointed inner sleeves (104).

6. The prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the docking inner sleeve (104) is clamped with a card sleeve (108), a positioning bead (105) is sleeved inside the card sleeve (108), and a first support spring (106) is provided at a position corresponding to the positioning bead (105) inside the card sleeve (108), one end of the first support spring (106) is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the card sleeve (108), and the other end of the first support spring (106) is fixedly connected to a side close to the positioning bead (105).

7. The prestressed supporting structure for foundation pit protection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The docking outer sleeve (203) is sleeved on the surface of the docking inner sleeve (104); a locking groove (204) is provided on the inner side wall of the docking outer sleeve (203), and a positioning bead (105) is located in the locking groove (204).

Images