A millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna

Abstract

The present invention relates to a millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna. A first dielectric substrate, a metal ground layer, and a second dielectric substrate are arranged parallel to each other from top to bottom; an L-shaped patch, a hexagonal patch, a slotted circular patch, and a metal ring jointly form the radiation structure of the antenna, and are all located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; the hexagonal patch and the slotted circular patch are parasitic patches of the L-shaped patch for broadening the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth; the metal ring is used to adjust the surface current distribution of the antenna to make the surface current distribution more symmetric; the coupling slot is located in the exact middle of the metal ground layer, and the coupling slot is a slot structure in the middle of the metal ground layer; the L-shaped patch is equivalent to an electric dipole, and the coupling slot is equivalent to a magnetic dipole. The present invention can broaden the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth and the axial ratio beam bandwidth of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna design, and particularly to a millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna. Background Art

[0002] Modern wireless communication technologies are developing rapidly to meet people's information needs. With the advent of the 5G era, the millimeter-wave band is gradually being utilized more and more, and the design of millimeter-wave antennas has become very necessary. In addition, compared with a linearly polarized antenna that can only receive linearly polarized waves identical to it, a circularly polarized (CP) antenna can receive any linearly polarized wave and can also receive circularly polarized waves, which can avoid polarization loss caused by the polarization mismatch between the transmitting and receiving antennas. Circularly polarized antennas are excellent in solving polarization mismatch, suppressing rain and fog interference, and eliminating the Faraday effect. Therefore, the research and design of circularly polarized antennas in the millimeter-wave band are very important.

[0003] However, currently, most of the work on millimeter-wave circularly polarized antennas focuses on a wide 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth rather than broadening the 3-dB axial ratio beam width. CP antennas with a wide 3-dB axial ratio beam width have many advantages. For example, they are the best candidate unit antennas for circularly polarized beam scanning arrays and can achieve circularly polarized communication within a wide angle range. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna, which can broaden the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth and axial ratio beam bandwidth of the antenna.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] A millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna, comprising a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a metal ground layer, an L-shaped patch, a hexagonal patch, a slotted circular patch, a metal ring, and a coupling slot;

[0007] The first dielectric substrate, the metal ground layer, and the second dielectric substrate are arranged parallel to each other from top to bottom;

[0008] The L-shaped patch, the hexagonal patch, the slotted circular patch, and the metal ring jointly form the radiation structure of the antenna, and are all located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; the hexagonal patch and the slotted circular patch are parasitic patches of the L-shaped patch, which are used to broaden the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth; the metal ring is used to adjust the surface current distribution of the antenna, so that the surface current distribution is more symmetrical;

[0009] The coupling slot is located exactly in the middle of the metal ground plane, and the coupling slot is a slot structure in the middle of the metal ground plane; the L-shaped patch is equivalent to an electric dipole, and the coupling slot is equivalent to a magnetic dipole.

[0010] Optionally, it further includes a metallized via hole, which is used to connect the L-shaped patch and the metal ground plane, and is located on one side of the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, close to the coupling slot.

[0011] Optionally, it further includes a microstrip feeder, which is located on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate and is used to feed the antenna.

[0012] Optionally, it further includes a feeding port, which is located on one side of the microstrip feeder.

[0013] Optionally, the number of the L-shaped patches is two, and the two L-shaped patches are rotationally symmetric.

[0014] Optionally, the number of the hexagonal patches is two, and the two hexagonal patches are rotationally symmetric about the center point of the first dielectric substrate.

[0015] Optionally, the number of the slotted circular patches is two, and the two slotted circular patches are rotationally symmetric about the center point of the first dielectric substrate.

[0016] Optionally, the thickness h1 of the first dielectric substrate is 0.813 mm, the width W is 10.1 mm, the length L is 10.1 mm, the first dielectric substrate uses Rogers 4003C dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant is 3.55, and the loss tangent tanδ of the dielectric substrate is 0.0027.

[0017] Optionally, the thickness h2 of the second dielectric substrate is 0.254 mm, the width W is 10.1 mm, the length L is 10.1 mm, the second dielectric substrate uses Rogers 5880 dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent tanδ is 0.0009.

[0018] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the following technical effects of the present invention are disclosed:

[0019] The present invention provides a millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna. A hexagonal patch and a slotted circular patch are added to the antenna. Due to the coupling effect, the presence of the hexagonal patch and the slotted circular patch introduces new circularly polarized resonance points, thereby significantly broadening the circularly polarized axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna. A metal ring is also added to the antenna to adjust the surface current distribution of the antenna, making the surface current distribution more symmetric, improving the wide axial ratio beam performance of the antenna, and making the axial ratio beam more symmetric. The present invention broadens the circularly polarized axial ratio bandwidth and the axial ratio beam bandwidth of the antenna by using a simple hexagonal patch, a slotted circular patch and a metal ring; in addition, the antenna has a planar structure and has the characteristics of simple structure and low profile. Therefore, it has the advantages of being convenient for processing, manufacturing and integration, etc. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a top view of the first dielectric substrate provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic diagram of the metal ground layer of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram of the plane where the microstrip feeder is located in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the S11 parameter of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the axial ratio parameter of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 27.6 GHz;

[0029] Figure 9Schematic diagram of the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 29 GHz;

[0030] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 30.6 GHz;

[0031] Figure 11 Gain schematic diagram of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 Radiation pattern of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 28 GHz in the xoz plane;

[0033] Figure 13 Radiation pattern of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 28 GHz in the yoz plane;

[0034] Figure 14 Radiation pattern of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 28 GHz in the xoz plane;

[0035] Figure 15 Radiation pattern of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 28 GHz in the yoz plane. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna, which can broaden the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth and axial ratio beam bandwidth of the antenna.

[0038] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, a millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna includes a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, a metal ground layer 3, an L-shaped patch 4, a hexagonal patch 5, a slotted circular patch 6, a metallized via 7, a metal ring 8, a coupling slot 9, a microstrip feeder 10, and a feeding port 11.

[0040] The first dielectric substrate 1, the metal ground layer 3, and the second dielectric substrate 2 are arranged parallel to each other from top to bottom; the L-shaped patch 4, the hexagonal patch 5, the slotted circular patch 6, and the metal ring 8 together form the radiation structure of the antenna, and are all located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1; the hexagonal patch 5 and the slotted circular patch 6 are parasitic patches of the L-shaped patch 4, used to broaden the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth; the metal ring 8 is used to adjust the surface current distribution of the antenna, making the surface current distribution more symmetrical; the coupling slot 9 is located in the exact middle of the metal ground layer 3, and the coupling slot 9 is a slot structure in the middle of the metal ground layer 3; the L-shaped patch 4 is equivalent to an electric dipole, and the coupling slot 9 is equivalent to a magnetic dipole. The metallized via is used to connect the L-shaped patch 4 and the metal ground layer 3, and is located on one side of the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1, close to the coupling slot 9; the microstrip feeder 10 is located on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 2 and is used to feed the antenna. The feeding port 11 is located on one side of the microstrip feeder 10.

[0041] In the present invention, the number of L-shaped patches 4 is two, and the two L-shaped patches 4 are rotationally symmetric. The number of hexagonal patches 5 is two, and the two hexagonal patches 5 are rotationally symmetric about the center point of the first dielectric substrate 1. The number of slotted circular patches 6 is two, and the two slotted circular patches 6 are rotationally symmetric about the center point of the first dielectric substrate 1.

[0042] In the present invention, the thickness h1 of the first dielectric substrate 1 is 0.813 mm, the width W is 10.1 mm, the length L is 10.1 mm. The first dielectric substrate 1 uses Rogers 4003C dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant is 3.55, and the loss tangent of the dielectric substrate tanδ = 0.0027. The thickness h2 of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 0.254 mm, the width W is 10.1 mm, the length L is 10.1 mm. The second dielectric substrate 2 uses Rogers 5880 dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent tanδ = 0.0009.

[0043] Figure 2Top view of the first dielectric substrate provided by the present invention, that is, the upper surface view of the first dielectric substrate 1. Among them, the size of the first dielectric substrate 1 is W = L = 10.1 mm, the diameter of the slotted circular patch 6 is R = 1.44 mm, and the gap Rg = 0.08 mm. The two gaps of the slotted circular patch 6 are located exactly in the middle of the circular patch and are rotationally symmetric about the center of the circular patch; the hexagonal patch 5 is obtained by cutting off four corners on the basis of a rectangle with a length and width of 1.8 mm and 1.5 mm respectively. The size of the hexagonal patch 5 is W2 = 1.03 mm, W3 = 0.47 mm, L2 = 1.03 mm, L3 = 0.77 mm; the outer boundary diameter of the metal ring is equal to the size of the first dielectric substrate 1, that is, 10.1 mm; the width of the metal ring Rd = 0.3 mm. The diameter of the metallized via 7 is R1 = 0.4 mm; the size of the L-shaped patch 4 is W1 = 1.9 mm, L1 = 1.08 mm, Ld = 0.8 mm, Wd = 0.41 mm; the distance g from the metallized via 7 to the boundary of the L-shaped patch 4 is 0.12 mm.

[0044] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the metal ground layer of the present invention. Among them, the length Ls of the coupling gap 9 is 4.12 mm, and the width Ws is 0.41 mm.

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the plane where the microstrip feeder of the present invention is located. Among them, the length Lk of the microstrip feeder 10 is 6.5 mm, and the width Wk is 0.62 mm.

[0046] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention. The first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are closely adjacent (stacked together). Among them, the thickness h1 of the first dielectric substrate 1 is 0.813 mm, and the thickness h2 of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 0.254 mm.

[0047] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the S11 parameter of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention. Among them, the -10-dB bandwidth is 26.25 - 45.25 GHz. The relative bandwidth is 53.1%.

[0048] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the axial ratio parameter of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention. Among them, the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth is 27.0 - 31.6 GHz. The relative bandwidth is 15.7%. It can completely cover the 27.5 - 31 GHz frequency band of satellite communication. The 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth is also the circular polarization bandwidth, and the result shows that the antenna can circularly polarize and radiate electromagnetic waves in the 27.0 - 31.6 GHz bandwidth range.

[0049] Figure 8Schematic diagram of the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 27.6 GHz; From Figure 8 it can be seen that in the xoz plane, the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of this antenna is approximately 190.1° (-88.5° to +101.6°), and in the yoz plane, the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of this antenna is approximately 139.2° (-70° to +69.2°).

[0050] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 29 GHz; From Figure 9 it can be seen that in the xoz plane, the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of this antenna is approximately 164.7° (-77.3° to +87.4°), and in the yoz plane, the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of this antenna is approximately 161.2° (-78.2° to +83.0°).

[0051] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 30.6 GHz; From Figure 10 it can be seen that in the xoz plane, the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of this antenna is approximately 176.4° (-83.1° to +93.3°), and in the yoz plane, the 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of this antenna is approximately 191.1° (-95.5° to +95.6°).

[0052] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the gain of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention; From Figure 11 it can be observed that there is a stable right-handed circular polarization gain, and the left-handed circular polarization gain is very small. The antenna radiates right-handed circularly polarized waves.

[0053] Figure 12 Radiation pattern of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 28 GHz in the xoz plane; From Figure 12 it can be seen that the antenna radiates right-handed circularly polarized waves in the +z direction and exhibits obvious unidirectional radiation characteristics. The left-handed circularly polarized waves are relatively very small and can be ignored.

[0054] Figure 13 Radiation pattern of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at 28 GHz in the yoz plane; From Figure 13 it can be seen that the antenna radiates right-handed circularly polarized waves in the +z direction and exhibits obvious unidirectional radiation characteristics. The left-handed circularly polarized waves are relatively very small and can be ignored.

[0055] Figure 14 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at the 28 GHz frequency point in the xoz plane.

[0056] Figure 15 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention at the 28 GHz frequency point in the yoz plane.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] 1. At present, many wide axial ratio beam antennas are based on three-dimensional structures such as cavities. However, the millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam antenna provided by the present invention is an overall planar structure with a low profile, and the structure is very simple, easy to design and optimize, easy to process and fabricate, and easy to integrate, which is conducive to achieving low cost.

[0059] 2. Compared with the wide axial ratio beam antennas with the same planar structure, the antenna provided by the present invention has a wider axial ratio bandwidth, that is, it has a wide axial ratio beam within a wider bandwidth range, and the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth can cover the 27.5 - 31 GHz frequency band for satellite communication.

[0060] Embodiment 1:

[0061] For the working antenna of the millimeter-wave wireless communication system, in this embodiment, a millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna is designed, which can be used in the wireless communication system. The -10-dB S11 bandwidth of the antenna can cover the 26.25 - 45.25 GHz frequency band, the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth is 27.0 - 31.6 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 15.7%. It can completely cover the 27.5 - 31 GHz frequency band for satellite communication. The 3-dB axial ratio beam bandwidth of the antenna maintains good wide-angle characteristics at three frequency points of 27.6 GHz, 29 GHz, and 30.6 GHz, and these three frequency points correspond to the low, medium, and high frequency points of the 27.5 - 31 GHz frequency band for satellite communication. The operating frequency (including S11 / axial ratio, etc.) of the antenna can also be optimized and designed to operate in other frequency bands.

[0062] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts between each embodiment, reference can be made to each other.

[0063] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna, characterized in that It includes a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a metal ground plane, an L-shaped patch, a hexagonal patch, a slotted circular patch, a metal ring, and a coupling slot; The first dielectric substrate, the metal ground plane, and the second dielectric substrate are arranged parallel to each other from top to bottom; The L-shaped patch, the hexagonal patch, the slotted circular patch, and the metal ring jointly form the radiation structure of the antenna, and are all located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; the hexagonal patch and the slotted circular patch are parasitic patches of the L-shaped patch, which are used to broaden the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth; the metal ring is used to adjust the surface current distribution of the antenna to make the surface current distribution more symmetrical; The coupling slot is located in the exact middle of the metal ground plane, and the coupling slot is a slot structure in the middle of the metal ground plane; the L-shaped patch is equivalent to an electric dipole, and the coupling slot is equivalent to a magnetic dipole; The number of the L-shaped patches is two, and the two L-shaped patches are rotationally symmetric; the number of the hexagonal patches is two, and the two hexagonal patches are rotationally symmetric about the center point of the first dielectric substrate; the number of the slotted circular patches is two, and the two slotted circular patches are rotationally symmetric about the center point of the first dielectric substrate.

2. The millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes a metallized via, which is used to connect the L-shaped patch and the metal ground plane, and is located on one side of the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, close to the coupling slot.

3. The millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a microstrip feeder, which is located on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate and is used to feed the antenna.

4. The millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a feed port, which is located on one side of the microstrip feeder.

5. The millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein The thickness h1 of the first dielectric substrate is 0.813 mm, the width W is 10.1 mm, the length L is 10.1 mm. The first dielectric substrate uses Rogers 4003C dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant is 3.55, and the loss tangent tanδ of the dielectric substrate is 0.0027.

6. The millimeter-wave circularly polarized wide axial ratio beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness h2 of the second dielectric substrate is 0.254 mm, the width W is 10.1 mm, the length L is 10.1 mm. The second dielectric substrate uses Rogers 5880 dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent tanδ is 0.0009.

Images