Node Structure and Construction Method of Hyperboloid Long-Span Steel Structure with Node Structure

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and discloses a node structure and a method for constructing a hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure. In the present invention, the node structure includes a first node component, and the first node component includes an L-shaped support plate and an edge sealing combination. The L-shaped support plate includes a first plate, a second plate and a rib plate that are vertically arranged in pairs. The first plate and the second plate form an L-shaped structure. The second plate and the rib plate are both vertically arranged on the steel beam. The first plate is against the steel truss plate. The edge sealing combination is connected to the steel beam and is arranged around the outside of the steel truss plate. In the present invention, the L-shaped support plate is used to ensure the safe and smooth installation of the steel truss plate, and the edge sealing combination is used to achieve its efficient and accurate installation. At the same time, the stepped paving and two-time concrete pouring method can not only ensure the production and installation accuracy of the hyperbolic floor decking, but also ensure the strength of the hyperbolic floor decking and the overall stability of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a node structure and a construction method of a hyperbolic large-span steel structure having the node structure. Background Art

[0002] Floor decking refers to the pressed steel plate that supports the concrete floor. It not only serves as a permanent formwork for the concrete floor, but also participates in the force calculation of the floor as the lower load-bearing steel bars of the floor. It has the advantages of good energy saving, good thermal insulation performance, good seismic performance, and fast construction speed. Therefore, it is widely used in steel structure construction. In the development of floor decking, steel truss plates, which are structures that combine the steel bars in the concrete floor with the construction formwork, are widely used. Steel truss plates are significantly effective in bearing the deadweight of concrete and the load-bearing direction of construction. They can also be used as lateral supports for steel beams during the construction phase, improving construction efficiency while ensuring good performance results.

[0003] Furthermore, the construction of nodes is also crucial in the construction of large-span steel structures. For the installation of large-span steel structure floor decking with no curved facades, construction workers usually use core tube angle steel nodes, drop plate nodes, beam-column nodes, cantilever nodes, etc., and use angle steel to support the floor decking for node setting. However, for large-span steel structures with hyperbolic facades, the elevations of their floor decking vary significantly. If traditional node settings are directly used, it will not be possible to make the special-shaped floor decking into a hyperbolic surface, and its elevation and shape will not meet the design requirements. At the same time, it is also impossible to ensure the safe and efficient installation of the floor decking. Furthermore, during the construction of floor decking for large-span steel structures, it is often necessary to build a full-floor scaffolding for construction work, which not only easily affects the progress of other processes, but also takes a long time and a lot of manpower, greatly reducing the overall construction efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to ensure efficient, accurate, safe and smooth installation of floor decking in hyperbolic large-span steel structures through node setting and ensure high construction efficiency is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a node structure and a construction method of a hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure, so as to realize the efficient, accurate, safe and smooth installation of the floor decking in the hyperbolic large-span steel structure, avoid the use of full-floor scaffolding, and improve construction efficiency.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, the present invention provides a node structure for installing a steel truss plate in a hyperbolic long-span steel structure. The hyperbolic long-span steel structure includes a hyperbolic floor deck and a steel beam. The hyperbolic floor deck is made by pouring concrete on the steel truss plate. The node structure includes:

[0008] A first node component, the first node component comprising:

[0009] An L-shaped support plate, comprising a first plate, a second plate and a rib plate arranged perpendicularly in pairs, the first plate and the second plate forming an L-shaped structure, the second plate and the rib plate both being arranged perpendicularly on the steel beam, the first plate resting against the steel truss plate, for supporting the hyperbolic floor deck;

[0010] The edge sealing assembly is connected to the steel beam and is arranged around the outer side of the steel bar truss plate.

[0011] Optionally, the edge sealing combination includes a first edge sealing plate and a second edge sealing plate, the first edge sealing plate and the second edge sealing plate are both arranged as L-shaped structures, and the first edge sealing plate and the second edge sealing plate are connected to form a Z-shaped structure, and the Z-shaped structure is clamped between the steel beam and the steel truss plate.

[0012] Optionally, the first edge sealing plate is provided with a first connecting portion, and the second edge sealing plate is provided with a second connecting portion, and the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are connected by welding to fix the first edge sealing plate and the second edge sealing plate.

[0013] Optionally, a second node assembly is further included, and the second node assembly includes a connecting base plate, which is arranged between two adjacent steel beams and is used to support the hyperbolic floor deck.

[0014] Optionally, the second node assembly further includes a third edge sealing plate, which is configured as an integrally formed Z-shaped structure and is connected to the steel beam and the connecting bottom plate.

[0015] Optionally, the third edge sealing plate includes a third connecting portion, an abutting portion and a fourth connecting portion, the third connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion are respectively arranged on both sides of the abutting portion, and the third connecting portion is connected to the steel beam, the abutting portion abuts the steel beam, and the fourth connecting portion is connected to the connecting base plate.

[0016] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure, comprising:

[0017] S1. Install the steel beams and side supports to form the foundation support of the hyperbolic long-span steel structure;

[0018] S2. The hyperbolic floor deck of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure is segmented and the steel truss plates are installed on the foundation support in a stepped manner through the above-mentioned node structure;

[0019] S3, pouring the first concrete until the hyperbolic floor deck is distributed in a stepped manner;

[0020] S4. Perform a second concrete pouring until the hyperbolic floor deck meets the curved surface design requirements, thereby completing the overall construction of the hyperbolic floor deck;

[0021] S5. Complete the overall construction of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure.

[0022] Optionally, step S1 includes:

[0023] S1.1. Divide the steel beam into a first steel beam and a second steel beam, and pre-connect a portion of the first steel beam and the side support plate to form a prefabricated steel beam support plate;

[0024] S1.2. Place the second steel beam vertically on the ground, and install the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam on the second steel beam to form the foundation support of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure.

[0025] Optionally, step S2 includes:

[0026] S2.1. Divide the hyperbolic floor deck model of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure into multiple hyperbolic segment unit blocks and multiple non-hyperbolic segment unit blocks to form multiple operation units for segmented operation;

[0027] S2.2. Install the L-shaped support plate of the first node assembly in the node structure in the foundation support;

[0028] S2.3. Lay several steel truss plates from the corresponding work unit in a step-by-step manner on the foundation support until the work unit is completed. Then, lay steel truss plates from adjacent work units in sequence until all work units are completed.

[0029] S2.4. Place the edge sealing assembly of the first node component in the above node structure on the outside of the steel truss plate.

[0030] Optionally, step S2.3 includes:

[0031] S2.3.1. Place several angle steels on the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam according to the divided working units to separate two adjacent working units;

[0032] S2.3.2. Place the steel truss plate stacks on the angle steel of each work unit;

[0033] S2.3.3. Lay the steel truss plates of the stacked steel truss plates in a step-by-step manner from the operation unit in which they are located on the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam of the foundation support until the laying of the operation unit is completed;

[0034] S2.3.4. Repeat step S2.2.3 in adjacent work units from low to high, and splice the steel truss plates in sequence until all work units are laid.

[0035] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0036] The hyperbolic large-span steel structure in the present invention includes a hyperbolic floor deck and a steel beam. The hyperbolic floor deck is made of a steel truss plate poured with concrete. The mixture of the steel truss plate and the concrete makes the performance of the hyperbolic floor deck better. The node structure in the present invention is used for the installation of the steel truss plate. Specifically, the first node assembly in the present invention includes an L-shaped support plate, and the L-shaped support plate includes a first plate, a second plate and a stiffening plate arranged vertically in pairs, and the first plate and the second plate form an L-shaped structure. Therefore, the connection strength of the first plate and the second plate is improved under the action of the stiffening plate. Furthermore, the second plate and the stiffening plate are both arranged vertically on the steel beam, and the first plate rests on the steel truss plate. Therefore, under the action of the stiffening plate, the steel truss plate can be stably laid on the first plate, and the hyperbolic floor deck formed after the steel truss plate is poured with concrete is stably supported to ensure the safe and stable installation of the hyperbolic floor deck. The first node component also includes an edge sealing combination, and the edge sealing combination is connected to the steel beam and is arranged on the outside of the steel truss plate. Therefore, the edge sealing combination can surround the outside of the steel truss plate at different elevations, thereby ensuring that during the subsequent concrete pouring process, concrete is not easy to leak from between the steel truss plates at different elevations, thereby ensuring that the forming of the hyperbolic floor decking can meet the design requirements and ensure its efficient and accurate installation.

[0037] In the construction method of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure of the present invention, the hyperbolic floor decking is operated in sections, and a foundation support made of steel beams and side support plates is used to lay a number of steel truss plates in a stepped manner, so that construction workers can complete the construction of the hyperbolic floor decking on the foundation support, and avoid the use of full-floor scaffolding, which not only improves construction efficiency, but also reduces safety risks during the operation of construction workers. Furthermore, the present invention performs two concrete pourings in succession, and ensures that the hyperbolic floor decking is distributed in a stepped manner during the first pouring, and adjusts it during the second pouring to meet the curved surface design requirements of the hyperbolic floor decking, thereby completing the overall construction of the hyperbolic floor decking with high efficiency and high quality. The stepped installation method and the two-time pouring means in the present invention can not only ensure the manufacturing and installation accuracy of the hyperbolic floor decking, but also ensure the strength of the hyperbolic floor decking and the overall stability of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a top view schematically illustrating the distribution of steel beams and floor decks (not shown) in a hyperbolic floor deck according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Middle AA cross-sectional view;

[0040] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first edge sealing plate, a second edge sealing plate, and the connection between the two in a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an L-shaped support plate in a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention in use;

[0042] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the BB cross section;

[0043] Figure 6 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a third edge sealing plate in a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of step S1 in the method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 2 is a schematic diagram of step S2 in the method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the distribution of angle steels in a hyperbolic floor deck with a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the angle steel in the hyperbolic floor deck with a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention in use;

[0048] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of step S2.3.2 in the method for constructing a hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of laying the first steel truss plate in step S2.3.3 of the method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the stepwise laying of the second steel truss plate in step S2.3.3 of the method for constructing a hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the installation of a first steel bar truss composite floor slab and a second steel bar truss composite floor slab in a hyperbolic floor slab with a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of step S3 in the method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of step S4 in the construction method of a hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] In the picture:

[0055] 10-steel beam; 20-hyperbolic floor deck; 201-floor deck dividing line; 40-L-shaped support plate; 300-angle steel; 400-scaffolding; 401-scaffolding railing; 500-safety device;

[0056] 101-first steel beam; 102-second steel beam; 60-side support plate;

[0057] 21-steel truss plate; 210-steel truss plate stack; 220-support frame;

[0058] 211-first steel truss plate; 2111-first bottom surface; 212-second steel truss plate; 2121-second bottom surface; 202-first steel truss composite floor slab; 203-second steel truss composite floor slab;

[0059] 301-first support plate; 302-second support plate;

[0060] 31-first edge sealing plate; 311-first connecting portion; 32-second edge sealing plate; 321-second connecting portion; 33-third edge sealing plate; 331-third connecting portion; 332-butting portion; 333-fourth connecting portion;

[0061] 41-first plate; 42-second plate; 43-rib plate;

[0062] 501- Lifeline; 502- Self-locking device; 503- Safety belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, mechanical or electrical connections, direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in contact with the second feature through another feature between them instead of being in direct contact. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0066] In the development process of floor decking, reinforced truss plates, that is, structures that combine the steel bars in concrete floor slabs with construction formwork, are widely used. Reinforced truss plates have significant effects in bearing the deadweight of concrete and construction loads, and can also be used as lateral supports for steel beams during the construction phase, improving construction efficiency while ensuring good performance results.

[0067] Furthermore, the construction of nodes is also crucial in the construction of large-span steel structures. For the installation of large-span steel structure floor decking with no curved facades, construction workers usually use core tube angle steel nodes, drop plate nodes, beam-column nodes, cantilever nodes, etc., and use angle steel to support the floor decking for node setting. However, for large-span steel structures with hyperbolic facades, the elevations of their floor decking vary significantly. If traditional node settings are directly used, it will not be possible to make the special-shaped floor decking into a hyperbolic surface, and its elevation and shape will not meet the design requirements. At the same time, it is also impossible to ensure the safe and efficient installation of the floor decking. Furthermore, during the construction of floor decking for large-span steel structures, it is often necessary to build a full-floor scaffolding for construction work, which not only easily affects the progress of other processes, but also takes a long time and a lot of manpower, greatly reducing the overall construction efficiency.

[0068] The technical solution of this embodiment will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0069] like Figures 1-16As shown, this embodiment provides a node structure and a construction method for a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure. Specifically, the node structure is used for the installation of a steel truss plate 21 in a hyperbolic long-span steel structure. The hyperbolic long-span steel structure includes a hyperbolic floor decking plate 20 and a steel beam 10. The hyperbolic floor decking plate 20 is made of concrete poured from the steel truss plate 21. In this embodiment, the node structure includes a first node component, which includes an L-shaped support plate 40 and an edge sealing combination. The L-shaped support plate 40 includes a first plate 41, a second plate 42 and a stiffening plate 43 arranged vertically in pairs. The first plate 41 and the second plate 42 form an L-shaped structure. The second plate 42 and the stiffening plate 43 are both arranged vertically on the steel beam 10. The first plate 41 abuts against the steel truss plate 21 to support the hyperbolic floor decking plate 20. The edge sealing combination is connected to the steel beam 10 and is arranged around the outside of the steel truss plate 21.

[0070] In this embodiment, the hyperbolic large-span steel structure includes a hyperbolic floor deck 20 and a steel beam 10. The hyperbolic floor deck 20 is made of a steel truss plate 21 poured with concrete. The mixture of the steel truss plate 21 and the concrete improves the performance of the hyperbolic floor deck 20. In this embodiment, the node structure is used to install the steel truss plate 21. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first node assembly includes an L-shaped support plate 40, and the L-shaped support plate 40 includes a first plate 41, a second plate 42, and a rib plate 43 arranged perpendicularly in pairs. The first plate 41 and the second plate 42 form an L-shaped structure. Therefore, the connection strength of the first plate 41 and the second plate 42 is improved under the action of the rib plate 43. Furthermore, the second plate 42 and the stiffener plate 43 are both vertically arranged on the steel beam 10, and the first plate 41 rests on the steel truss plate 21. Thus, under the action of the stiffener plate 43, the steel truss plate 21 can be stably laid on the first plate 41, and the hyperbolic floor deck 20 formed after the concrete is poured on the steel truss plate 21 is stably supported, thereby ensuring the safe and stable installation of the hyperbolic floor deck 20. The first node assembly also includes an edge sealing assembly, and the edge sealing assembly is connected to the steel beam 10 and is arranged around the outside of the steel truss plate 21. Thus, the edge sealing assembly can surround the outside of the steel truss plates 21 at different elevations, thereby ensuring that during the subsequent concrete pouring process, concrete is not easily leaked from between the outsides of the steel truss plates 21 at different elevations, thereby ensuring that the forming of the hyperbolic floor deck 20 meets the design requirements and ensures its efficient and accurate installation.

[0071] The construction method of the hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure in this embodiment includes:

[0072] S1. Install the steel beam 10 and the side support plate 60 to form the foundation support of the hyperbolic long-span steel structure;

[0073] S2. Perform segmented operations on the hyperbolic floor deck 20 of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure, and install the steel truss plate 21 in a stepped manner on the foundation support through the above-mentioned node structure;

[0074] S3, pouring concrete for the first time until the hyperbolic floor deck 20 is distributed in a stepped manner;

[0075] S4, pouring concrete for the second time until the hyperbolic floor deck 20 meets the curved surface design requirements, thereby completing the overall construction of the hyperbolic floor deck 20;

[0076] S5. Complete the overall construction of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure.

[0077] In the construction method for a hyperbolic, long-span steel structure with a node structure in this embodiment, the hyperbolic floor deck 20 is constructed in sections. A foundation support composed of steel beams 10 and side support plates 60 is used to lay several steel truss plates 21 in a stepped manner. This allows construction workers to complete the construction of the hyperbolic floor deck 20 on the foundation support, avoiding the use of a full-height scaffolding. This not only improves construction efficiency but also reduces safety risks for construction workers during the operation. Furthermore, this embodiment performs two concrete pours. During the first pour, the hyperbolic floor deck 20 is ensured to be distributed in a stepped manner. During the second pour, adjustments are made to meet the curved design requirements of the hyperbolic floor deck 20, thereby completing the overall construction of the hyperbolic floor deck 20 with high efficiency and quality. The stepped installation method and two pouring methods in this embodiment not only ensure the fabrication and installation accuracy of the hyperbolic floor deck 20, but also ensure the strength of the hyperbolic floor deck 20 and the overall stability of the hyperbolic, long-span steel structure.

[0078] The specific structure of the node structure in this embodiment is described below.

[0079] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the node structure in this embodiment includes a first node component and a second node component, wherein the first node component is used for installing the steel truss plate 21 on the steel beam 10, and the second node component is used for installing the steel truss plate 21 between two adjacent steel beams 10. Therefore, the first node component is suitable for installing the steel truss plate 21 on the steel beam 10 that is directly connected to the steel beam 10, and the second node component is suitable for installing the steel truss plate 21 between two adjacent steel beams 10 that is not directly connected to the steel beam 10. In this way, different installation forms of the steel truss plate 21 in the hyperbolic large-span steel structure can be met to ensure the installation stability of the hyperbolic floor decking 20 in the hyperbolic large-span steel structure and ensure that it has higher performance. For example, the first node component and the second node component can be used alone or in combination as needed, and there is no limitation here.

[0080] like Figure 1As shown, the hyperbolic large-span steel structure includes a hyperbolic floor deck 20 (not shown) and a steel beam 10. In this embodiment, the floor deck dividing line 201 is the dividing line between two adjacent hyperbolic floor decks 20, thereby being able to divide the hyperbolic floor deck 20 as a whole into multiple working areas, and then determine the node setting position according to specific construction needs, that is, during the installation process of the steel truss plate 21 directly connected to the steel beam 10 on the steel beam 10, the first node component in the node structure is used for stable installation, and / or during the installation process of the steel truss plate 21 not directly connected to the steel beam 10 between two adjacent steel beams 10, the second node component in the node structure is used for stable installation. Therefore, the single use or combined use of the first node component and the second node component can meet the design requirements for the elevation or shape of the hyperbolic floor deck 20 in the hyperbolic large-span steel structure, so as to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency installation. Furthermore, after the steel truss plate 21 is stably installed under the action of the node structure, concrete pouring is performed to complete the production. Figure 2 and Figure 5 The hyperbolic floor deck 20 shown ensures the overall stability of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure.

[0081] like Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the first node component in use ( Figure 2 The L-shaped support plate 40 is not visible). Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the first node assembly includes an edge sealing assembly and an L-shaped support plate 40. Optionally, the L-shaped support plate 40 is provided on the steel beam 10 to support the hyperbolic floor decking 20, and the number and spacing of the L-shaped support plates 40 are arranged according to the shape and elevation design requirements of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure, which are not limited here. The provision of the L-shaped support plate 40 can strengthen the vertical support strength of the steel beam 10 to ensure the stable installation of the hyperbolic floor decking 20 on the steel beam 10. Furthermore, the edge sealing assembly is connected to the steel beam 10 and is arranged around the outside of the steel truss plate 21, so as to avoid leakage of concrete from the gaps between the steel truss plates 21 during the subsequent concrete pouring process, so as to ensure that the cast hyperbolic floor decking 20 meets the design requirements of elevation and shape. For example, as Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a side support plate 60 can also be provided on the steel beam 10, so the edge sealing assembly can be connected to the outer side of the steel beam 10 or the side support plate 60 and the steel truss plate 21 respectively, and the specific connection can be set according to the needs of the site.

[0082] like Figure 3As shown, specifically, the edge banding assembly includes a first edge banding plate 31 and a second edge banding plate 32, and the first edge banding plate 31 and the second edge banding plate 32 are both configured as an L-shaped structure. Thus, the first edge banding plate 31 and the second edge banding plate 32 can be connected to form a Z-shaped structure. This Z-shaped structure can be sandwiched between the steel beam 10 and the steel truss plate 21, thereby enclosing the outer side of the steel truss plate 21 using a single first edge banding plate 31 or a second edge banding plate 32, or a combination of the first edge banding plate 31 and the second edge banding plate 32. Similarly, for a steel beam 10 provided with a side support plate 60, the first edge banding plate 31 and the second edge banding plate 32 can also be sandwiched between the side support plate 60 and the steel truss plate 21, either singly or in combination. For example, the length of both sides of the first edge banding plate 31 of the L-shaped structure is set to 100 mm, and the angle between the two sides is set to 92°. Accordingly, the length of both sides of the L-shaped second edge sealing plate 32 is set to 100 mm, and the angle between the two sides is set to 95°. The first edge sealing plate 31 and the second edge sealing plate 32 are both made of steel plates with a thickness of 2.5 mm.

[0083] like Figure 3 As shown, further, the first edge sealing plate 31 is provided with a first connecting portion 311, and the second edge sealing plate 32 is provided with a second connecting portion 321. The first connecting portion 311 and the second connecting portion 321 are connected by welding, thereby fixedly connecting the first edge sealing plate 31 and the second edge sealing plate 32, achieving a stable connection between the two, ensuring that there is no gap when the edge sealing assembly is enclosed by the steel truss plate 21, and during the subsequent concrete pouring process, concrete cannot leak from the connection between the first edge sealing plate 31 and the second edge sealing plate 32. Exemplarily, the length of the first connecting portion 311 and the second connecting portion 321 is set to at least 50 mm, thereby improving the connection strength of the first edge sealing plate 31 and the second edge sealing plate 32 and preventing breakage.

[0084] Optionally, the first edge banding 31 and the second edge banding 32 are connected to the side support plate 60 or the steel beam 10 by means of double-sided 2mm intermittent fillet welds. For example, each fillet weld is 25mm long and spaced 300mm apart, thereby achieving a stable connection of the edge banding assembly to the side support plate 60 or the steel beam 10 and preventing slipping during concrete pouring.

[0085] like Figure 4As shown, the L-shaped support plate 40 includes a first plate 41, a second plate 42, and a stiffener plate 43, which are arranged perpendicularly in pairs. Optionally, the first plate 41 and the second plate 42 form an L-shaped structure, with the second plate 42 and the stiffener plate 43 both arranged perpendicularly on the steel beam 10. The first plate 41 abuts against the steel truss plate 21, thereby supporting the steel truss plate 21 and ensuring stable support for the hyperbolic floor deck 20 after concrete pouring. Specifically, the stiffener plate 43 is arranged perpendicularly to the first plate 41 and the second plate 42, respectively, to improve the connection strength between the first plate 41 and the second plate 42, and further enhance the overall mechanical strength of the L-shaped support plate 40 to support the high load of the hyperbolic floor deck 20.

[0086] In this embodiment, the angle between the first plate 41 and the second plate 42 can be set according to the specific elevation and shape requirements of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure. For example, the L-shaped support plate 40 is provided with a first support plate and a second support plate, and the first support plate and the second support plate are both arranged on the flange edge of the steel beam 10. Furthermore, the angle between the first plate 41 and the second plate 42 of the first support plate is set to an acute angle, and the angle between the first plate 41 and the second plate 42 of the second support plate is set to an obtuse angle. The first support plate and the second support plate are used in conjunction with the support steel truss plate 21 to ensure that there is an angle between the laying direction of the steel truss plate 21 and the horizontal direction, so as to realize the inclined setting of the steel truss plate 21 to meet the corresponding shape setting of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure. In other embodiments, multiple groups of L-shaped support plates 40 for use in conjunction can also be provided, which will not be repeated here.

[0087] Further, combined with Figure 7 As shown, the structure of the side support plate 60 is the same as that of the L-shaped support plate 40, and is arranged on the steel beam 10 to improve the horizontal or vertical support strength of the steel beam 10 on the hyperbolic floor deck 20, and can reduce the manufacturing cost of engineering parts.

[0088] like Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the second node assembly in use. Specifically, the second node assembly includes a connecting base plate, a third edge plate 33, and aluminum rivets. In this embodiment, the connecting base plate is constructed of galvanized steel and is positioned between two adjacent steel beams 10 to support the hyperbolic floor deck 20. Specifically, a steel truss plate 21 is installed on the connecting base plate between two adjacent steel beams 10, and concrete is then poured to form the hyperbolic floor deck 20. In other embodiments, the galvanized steel structure of the connecting base plate can be replaced with other plate-like structures with greater load-bearing capacity.

[0089] Combine Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the third edge banding 33 is further configured as an integrally formed Z-shaped structure, and this Z-shaped structure is connected to the steel beam 10 and the connecting base plate, thereby ensuring a stable connection between the connecting base plate and the steel beam 10, improving the bearing strength at this node, and ensuring the stable installation of the subsequent hyperbolic floor deck 20. In this embodiment, double rows of aluminum rivets with a spacing of 300mm are used to fix the third edge banding 33 to the connecting base plate, thereby ensuring a high-strength connection between the third edge banding 33 and the connecting base plate.

[0090] like Figure 6 Specifically, the third edge sealing plate 33 includes a third connecting portion 331, an abutting portion 332, and a fourth connecting portion 333. The third connecting portion 331 and the fourth connecting portion 333 are respectively disposed on either side of the abutting portion 332. The third connecting portion 331 is connected to the steel beam 10, the abutting portion 332 abuts the steel beam 10, and the fourth connecting portion 333 is connected to the connecting base plate. In this embodiment, aluminum rivets securely connect the fourth connecting portion 333 to the connecting base plate. Both the third connecting portion 331 and the abutting portion 332 are connected to the steel beam 10 via double-sided 2mm intermittent fillet welds to enhance the connection strength of the third edge sealing plate 33 and prevent breakage.

[0091] The following is a detailed description of the construction method of the hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure in this embodiment.

[0092] The construction method of the hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure in this embodiment includes:

[0093] S1. Install the steel beam 10 and the side support plate 60 to form the foundation support of the hyperbolic long-span steel structure;

[0094] S2. Perform segmented operations on the hyperbolic floor deck 20 of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure, and install the steel truss plate 21 in a stepped manner on the foundation support through the above-mentioned node structure;

[0095] S3, pouring concrete for the first time until the double-curved floor deck 20 is distributed in a stepped manner;

[0096] S4, pouring concrete for the second time until the hyperbolic floor deck 20 meets the curved surface design requirements, thereby completing the overall construction of the hyperbolic floor deck 20;

[0097] S5. Complete the overall construction of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure.

[0098] Furthermore, step S1 includes:

[0099] S1.1. Divide the steel beam 10 into a first steel beam 101 and a second steel beam 102, and pre-connect a portion of the first steel beam 101 and the side support plate 60 to form a prefabricated steel beam support plate;

[0100] S1.2. Place the second steel beam 102 vertically on the ground, and install the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam 101 on the second steel beam 102 to form a basic support for a hyperbolic large-span steel structure.

[0101] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the steel beam 10 is divided into a first steel beam 101 and a second steel beam 102 as needed, and the structures of the first steel beam 101 and the second steel beam 102 are the same. Specifically, a number of second steel beams 102 are arranged perpendicular to the ground, and are mainly used to bear the vertical support load of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure. The two adjacent second steel beams 102 are connected by the first steel beam 101 or the prefabricated steel beam support plate made of the pre-connected first steel beam 101 and the side support plate 60 to ensure the various shapes and elevation requirements of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure. The first steel beam 101 and the side support plate 60 are pre-processed and connected together in the processing plant and then transported to the site, which can reduce the on-site installation process, shorten the construction time, and reduce the construction cost.

[0102] For example, in this embodiment, several second steel beams 102 are arranged at intervals, and several first steel beams 101 and several prefabricated steel support plates are arranged on the top of the second steel beam 102 to form a horizontal and vertical cross-shaped basic support on the second steel beam 102. The basic support and the second steel beam 102 are thus formed into a basic support for a hyperbolic large-span steel structure. Furthermore, the basic support is used for the erection and installation of the steel truss plate 21 and provides support for the construction personnel so that the construction personnel can work on the basic support to avoid the use of a full-floor scaffold. Optionally, the prefabricated steel support plate is arranged on the side of the basic support so that the steel truss plate 21 can be enclosed, and the prefabricated steel support plate can be arranged continuously or at intervals according to site needs. Thus, the second steel beam 102 in the basic support provides vertical support, and the first steel beam 101 and the prefabricated steel support plate provide horizontal support or longitudinal support respectively.

[0103] Therefore, in this embodiment, the L-shaped support plate 40 is used as a vertical support for the steel truss plate 21 in the first node assembly, and the side support plate 60 is pre-connected with the first steel beam 101 to provide lateral support or longitudinal support for the steel truss plate 21 on the first steel beam 101. This ensures stable support for the steel truss plate 21 in both the horizontal and vertical directions of the hyperbolic long-span steel structure, and meets the design requirements of different elevations and shapes. Furthermore, the first steel beam 101, the prefabricated steel beam support plate, and the second steel beam 102 constitute the basic support for the hyperbolic long-span steel structure, which not only facilitates the erection and installation of the hyperbolic floor deck 20, but also provides a working platform for construction workers, thereby avoiding the installation of a full-floor scaffolding, saving labor and materials, and reducing construction hours.

[0104] Furthermore, step S2 includes:

[0105] S2.1. Divide the hyperbolic floor deck 20 model of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure into multiple hyperbolic segment unit blocks and multiple non-hyperbolic segment unit blocks to form multiple operation units for segmented operation;

[0106] S2.2. Install the L-shaped support plate 40 of the first node assembly in the node structure in the foundation support;

[0107] S2.3. Lay several steel truss plates 21 from the operating unit in a step-by-step manner on the foundation support until the laying of the operating unit is completed. Then, lay the steel truss plates 21 from the adjacent operating units in sequence until all operating units are completed.

[0108] S2.4. Enclose the edge sealing assembly of the first node component in the node structure on the outside of the steel truss plate 21.

[0109] Optionally, in this embodiment, based on the installation of the basic support, the hyperbolic floor decking 20 model is pre-divided into multiple working units through the unit block analysis software for segmented operation. This not only avoids the shortcomings of the traditional flat floor decking installation method for precision control, but also improves the smooth installation of complex and irregular hyperbolic floor decking 20, achieving a high-precision and low-cost installation effect.

[0110] Furthermore, after the unit blocks are divided, the L-shaped support plates 40 of the first node assembly in the node structure are installed on the top of the second steel beam 102 according to construction requirements to ensure stable support of the steel truss plate 21 at the node. Furthermore, after the steel truss plate 21 is stably installed on the foundation support, the edge sealing assembly of the first node assembly in the node structure can be combined with the side support plates 60 of the prefabricated steel beam support plates to completely surround the outer side of the steel truss plate 21, thereby preventing leakage during the subsequent concrete pouring process and providing lateral support.

[0111] Furthermore, step S2.2 further includes:

[0112] The node structure further includes a second node assembly, which includes a connecting base plate and a third edge sealing plate 33 , and the connecting base plate is fixed in the foundation support via the third edge sealing plate 33 .

[0113] Specifically, the two ends of the connecting base plate are secured to the two second steel beams 102 via third edge-sealing plates 33. This enhances the connection strength of the steel truss plate 21 at the joint between the two second steel beams 102, ensuring the stability of the steel truss plate 21 during the subsequent concrete pouring process. For example, the third edge-sealing plates 33 are connected to the connecting base plate via aluminum rivets, achieving a stable connection between the two. Thus, the first and second node assemblies of the node structure enable stable installation of the steel truss plate 21 on the foundation support, enabling the high-precision and efficient manufacture of the hyperbolic floor deck 20.

[0114] Furthermore, step S2.3 includes:

[0115] S2.3.1. Place a plurality of angle steels 300 on the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam 101 according to the divided working units to separate two adjacent working units;

[0116] S2.3.2. Place the steel bar truss plate stack 210 on the angle steel 300 of each operation unit;

[0117] S2.3.3. Lay the multiple steel truss plates 21 of the steel truss plate stack 210 in a step-by-step manner from the operation unit in which they are located on the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam 101 of the foundation support until the operation unit is completed;

[0118] S2.3.4. Repeat step S2.2.3 in adjacent work units from low to high, and sequentially splice the steel truss plates 21 until all work units are laid.

[0119] like Figure 9 As shown, specifically, the angle steels 300 are arranged on the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam 101 of the foundation support according to the divided unit blocks of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure, so as to separate different work units. In this embodiment, scaffolding 400 is arranged at intervals on multiple work units, and the multiple work units are protected by scaffolding railings 401 connected to the scaffolding 400, so as to ensure that construction workers are not likely to fall from the work platform. For example, in this embodiment, the angle steel 300 adopts the specification of L75mm*6mm and is set on the foundation support, that is, it is located at the bottom of the installation area of the hyperbolic floor decking 20, and the interval between each two angle steels 300 is set to 8.4m.

[0120] like Figure 10As shown, the angle steel 300 is an L-shaped structure consisting of a first support plate 301 and a second support plate 302. The first support plate 301 and the second support plate 302 are perpendicular to each other, and the length of the first support plate 301 is shorter than that of the second support plate 302. This allows the angle steel 300 to be leveled on the base support. For example, in this embodiment, the length of the second support plate 302 is 1000 mm. The length of the first support plate 301 is determined based on the inclination angle of the slope, ensuring that the second support plate 302 can be placed horizontally after the angle steel 300 is fixed to the base support.

[0121] like Figure 11-13 As shown, the second support plate 302 of the angle steel 300 is placed horizontally for placing the steel truss plate stack 210. The steel truss plate stack 210 is formed by bundling a plurality of steel truss plates 21. Placing the steel truss plate stack 210 on the angle steel 300 of each operation unit can reduce the number of steps required to lift the steel truss plates 21. At the same time, the second support plate 302 can stably support the steel truss plate stack 210 on the base support to ensure that the steel truss plate stack 210 is not likely to slip when construction workers are removing and placing the steel truss plates 21. For example, in this embodiment, a 50-ton truck crane is used to lift the steel truss plate stack 210 onto the angle steel 300 and release the hook after it is securely placed.

[0122] Furthermore, a support frame 220 is vertically arranged on the second support plate 302 of the angle steel 300 to protect the side of the steel truss plate stack 210 and prevent the steel truss plate stack 210 from shaking and scattering due to excessive height. At the same time, a safety device 500 is also arranged between each two support frames 220 to protect the safety of construction workers during construction. Figure 11 As shown, specifically, the safety device 500 includes a lifeline 501, a self-locking device 502, and a safety belt 503. The two ends of the lifeline 501 are respectively fixedly connected to the two support frames 220, and its height can be set as needed. The self-locking device 502 is slidably arranged on the lifeline 501, so that when the construction workers move on the basic support, the self-locking device 502 can move with them. The safety belt 503 is used for construction workers to wear, and the safety belt 503 is connected to the self-locking device 502, thereby forming a safety protection of the safety belt 503, the self-locking device 502, and the lifeline 501 to protect the personal safety of the construction workers and ensure safe construction.

[0123] like Figure 12-13 As shown, the construction workers install multiple steel truss plates 21 in a step-by-step manner from the steel truss plate stack 210 in a single working unit on the foundation support ( Figure 13(This is just a schematic diagram of the laying process). For example, among the pre-divided multiple hyperbolic segment unit blocks and multiple non-hyperbolic segment unit blocks, the warped portion of the hyperbolic floor deck 20 is made by raising it on the first steel beam 101, and the bottom of the hyperbolic floor deck 20 is made into a step-like shape, so as to realize the step-by-step installation in sequence, and achieve the elevation and shape requirements of the curved surface by pouring concrete, thereby replacing the curved surface with a straight line and improving the working efficiency. Furthermore, after the steel truss plate 21 is laid in sequence from low to high on the working unit, it is calibrated to maintain the same Figure 14 After the steel truss plate 21 is positioned horizontally as shown, its ends are welded to the foundation support to form a stepped structure. For example, the steel truss plate 21 can be leveled using angle steel 300 to provide stable support and prevent tilting during subsequent pouring. Optionally, after the steel truss plate 21 is positioned, the edge banding assembly or the third edge banding plate 33 can be spot welded to the steel truss plate 21 to ensure that the steel truss plate 21 does not shift during subsequent concrete pouring and that concrete does not leak.

[0124] like Figure 14 As shown, for example, the first steel truss plate 21 laid is set as the first steel truss plate 211, and the adjacent steel truss plate 21 is set as the second steel truss plate 212. The bottom surface of the first steel truss plate 211 is set as the first bottom surface 2111, and the bottom surface of the second steel truss plate 212 is set as the second bottom surface 2121. The height between the first bottom surface 2111 and the second bottom surface 2121 is calculated by combining the slope angle with the plate width of the single steel truss plate 21. This ensures that the first steel truss plate 211 and the second steel truss plate 212 are in contact with each other while both can be placed horizontally to achieve stepped installation on the foundation support. Specifically, angle steel 300 can be used to level the steel truss plate 21.

[0125] like Figure 15 As shown, after the steel truss plate 21 is laid and fixed, the first concrete pouring is carried out on the steel truss plate 21 to form a stepped first steel truss composite floor slab 202 and a second steel truss composite floor slab 203, so as to achieve a stepped distribution of the hyperbolic floor slab 20 in the primary stage. After ensuring that its strength meets the requirements, the second concrete pouring is carried out. Figure 16 As shown, the second concrete pouring is carried out according to the elevation and shape and other related requirements of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure, so as to meet the curved surface design requirements of the hyperbolic floor deck 20 in the final stage, realize high-quality and high-level manufacturing of the hyperbolic floor deck 20, and complete its overall construction.

[0126] Therefore, this embodiment employs a segmented approach to the construction of the hyperbolic floor deck 20, utilizing foundation supports to lay several steel truss plates 21 in a stepped pattern, and performing two successive concrete pours. This method avoids the use of full-length scaffolding, improving construction efficiency while reducing safety risks for construction workers. Furthermore, the first pour ensures the stepped distribution of the hyperbolic floor deck 20, while the second pour allows for adjustments to meet the design requirements of the curved surface. This not only ensures the fabrication and installation accuracy of the hyperbolic floor deck 20, but also ensures its strength and overall stability, ensuring the overall stability of the hyperbolic, long-span steel structure.

[0127] For example, the hyperbolic long-span steel structure construction method with a node structure in this embodiment can be used to install and construct the ski slope area. Specifically, the slope area is divided into a short straight ramp and a hyperbolic ramp section based on the unit block analysis software. Using this construction method, the hyperbolic ramp section is configured as the axis area of the primary slope 1-16 to 1-43, the axis area of the intermediate slope 1-20 and the axis area of the 1-43 to 1-48 axis, and the axis area of the advanced slope 1-39 to 1-50 axis. Through the node structure, 8,135 steel truss plates 21 are stably installed and formed into a floor deck with a total area of 21,251 square meters, achieving efficient and high-precision installation of the slope area.

[0128] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a node structure, wherein the node structure is used for installing a steel truss plate (21) in a hyperbolic long-span steel structure, wherein the hyperbolic long-span steel structure comprises a hyperbolic floor deck (20) and a steel beam (10), wherein the hyperbolic floor deck (20) is made by pouring concrete on the steel truss plate (21), and is characterized in that the node structure comprises: A first node component, the first node component comprising: An L-shaped support plate (40), the L-shaped support plate (40) comprising a first plate (41), a second plate (42) and a rib plate (43) arranged perpendicularly in pairs, the first plate (41) and the second plate (42) forming an L-shaped structure, the second plate (42) and the rib plate (43) both being arranged perpendicularly on the steel beam (10), the first plate (41) being in contact with the steel bar truss plate (21) for supporting the hyperbolic floor deck (20); A side support plate (60) is provided on the steel beam (10); An edge sealing assembly, capable of being connected to the steel beam (10) or the side support plate (60) respectively, and arranged around the outside of the steel bar truss plate (21); The construction method of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure comprises: S1, installing the steel beam (10) and the side support plate (60) into a foundation support for a hyperbolic long-span steel structure; S2, performing segmented operations on the hyperbolic floor deck (20) of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure, and installing the steel truss plate (21) on the foundation support in a stepwise manner through the node structure; S3, performing the first concrete pouring until the hyperbolic floor deck (20) is distributed in a stepped manner; S4, performing a second concrete pouring until the hyperbolic floor deck (20) meets the curved surface design requirements, thereby completing the overall construction of the hyperbolic floor deck (20); S5. Complete the overall construction of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure.

2. The method for constructing a hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge sealing assembly comprises a first edge sealing plate (31) and a second edge sealing plate (32), wherein the first edge sealing plate (31) and the second edge sealing plate (32) are both configured as L-shaped structures, and the first edge sealing plate (31) and the second edge sealing plate (32) are connected to form a Z-shaped structure, wherein the Z-shaped structure is sandwiched between the steel beam (10) and the steel bar truss plate (21).

3. The method for constructing a hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first edge sealing plate (31) is provided with a first connecting portion (311), and the second edge sealing plate (32) is provided with a second connecting portion (321). The first connecting portion (311) and the second connecting portion (321) are connected by welding to fix the first edge sealing plate (31) and the second edge sealing plate (32).

4. The method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second node assembly, which includes a connecting base plate, and the connecting base plate is arranged between two adjacent steel beams (10) and is used to support the hyperbolic floor deck (20).

5. The method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second node assembly further comprises a third edge sealing plate (33), wherein the third edge sealing plate (33) is configured as an integrally formed Z-shaped structure and is connected to the steel beam (10) and the connecting bottom plate.

6. The method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third edge sealing plate (33) includes a third connecting portion (331), an abutting portion (332) and a fourth connecting portion (333), wherein the third connecting portion (331) and the fourth connecting portion (333) are respectively arranged on both sides of the abutting portion (332), and the third connecting portion (331) is connected to the steel beam (10), the abutting portion (332) abuts against the steel beam (10), and the fourth connecting portion (333) is connected to the connecting bottom plate.

7. The method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: S1.

1. Divide the steel beam (10) into a first steel beam (101) and a second steel beam (102), and pre-connect a portion of the first steel beam (101) and a side support plate (60) to form a prefabricated steel beam support plate; S1.

2. The second steel beam (102) is arranged vertically on the ground, and the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam (101) is installed on the second steel beam (102) to form a foundation support for a hyperbolic large-span steel structure.

8. The method for constructing a hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: S2.

1. Divide the hyperbolic floor deck (20) model of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure into a plurality of hyperbolic segment unit blocks and a plurality of non-hyperbolic segment unit blocks to form a plurality of operation units for segmented operation; S2.2, installing the L-shaped support plate (40) of the first node assembly in the method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure in the foundation support; S2.3, sequentially splicing a plurality of steel truss plates (21) from the operating unit in which they are located on the foundation support in a step-by-step manner until the laying of the operating unit is completed, and then sequentially splicing steel truss plates (21) from adjacent operating units until all operating units are completed; S2.

4. The edge sealing assembly of the first node assembly in the construction method of the hyperbolic large-span steel structure with a node structure is arranged on the outside of the steel truss plate (21).

9. The method for constructing a hyperbolic long-span steel structure with a node structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S2.3 includes: S2.3.

1. Arrange a plurality of angle steels (300) on the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam (101) according to the divided working units, so as to separate two adjacent working units; S2.3.2, placing the steel bar truss plate stack (210) on the angle steel (300) of each operation unit; S2.3.3, laying the plurality of steel truss plates (21) of the steel truss plate stack (210) in a step-by-step manner from the operation unit in which they are located on the prefabricated steel beam support plate or the first steel beam (101) of the foundation support until the laying of the operation unit is completed; S2.3.

4. Repeat step S2.3.3 in adjacent working units from low to high, and sequentially splice the steel truss plates (21) until all working units are laid.

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