Shield tail device for inhibiting upward floating of shield tunnel segment and construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of shield tunnel construction technology, specifically to a shield tail device for suppressing the upward floating of tunnel segments. The device includes a shield machine, a shield shell, and a shield tail. Tunnel segments are assembled inside the shield tail. Several grouting ports are spaced along an arc on the shield tail. Several spokes are spaced at intervals on the upper part of the shield shell near the shield tail. Several limiting strips are fixedly connected to the side of each spoke near the tunnel segment. These limiting strips are spaced longitudinally on the spokes. Grouting pipes are installed inside each spoke. Several grouting ends are spaced at intervals at the tail of each spoke. This device effectively prevents early upward floating of tunnel segments after they detach from the shield tail, providing the grout with a setting reaction time equivalent to 1-2 rings of tunneling and assembly. This facilitates effective control of grout preparation and setting time. Furthermore, the device has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and has a wide range of applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunnel construction technology, specifically to a shield tail device and construction method for suppressing the floating of shield tunnel segments. Background Technology

[0002] During shield tunnel construction, as the tunnel boring machine (TBM) advances, gaps exist between the outer surface of the tunnel segments and the excavated soil. To prevent ground subsidence and maintain segment stability, grout is used to fill these gaps. TBMs are equipped with a synchronous grouting system and a tail grouting pipeline. Grout is injected to fill these gaps as the TBM advances, creating them at the tail. This process involves synchronous grouting behind the tunnel segments at the tail. However, the grout material requires time to set. Therefore, after the segments exit the tail, they may float upwards due to the buoyancy of the grout. Furthermore, the grout, under gravity, settles at the bottom, exerting upward pressure on the segments. In severe cases, the upward movement can exceed 10 centimeters. This upward movement causes the tunnel to deviate from the road design line, leading to structural misalignment, damage, and leakage, posing significant challenges to tunnel operation and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a shield tail device and construction method for suppressing the floating of shield tunnel segments, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a shield tail device for suppressing the upward floating of tunnel segments, comprising a shield machine, the shield machine comprising a shield shell, the shield shell having a shield tail, the shield tail being fitted with tunnel segments, the shield tail having a plurality of grouting ports spaced along an arc, the upper part of the shield shell near the shield tail having a plurality of radial plates spaced apart, each radial plate having a plurality of limiting strips fixedly connected to the side of the radial plate near the tunnel segment, the plurality of limiting strips being spaced apart longitudinally on the radial plate, the radial plate having grouting pipes inside, and the tail of the radial plate having a plurality of grouting ends spaced apart.

[0005] Optionally, the limiting strip has several oil outlets on the side near the tube segment, the limiting strip has a pipe communicating with the several oil outlets, the end of the limiting strip has an oil inlet communicating with the pipe, the oil inlet is threadedly connected with a cap, and the spoke plate has a control mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the several oil outlets.

[0006] Optionally, the control mechanism includes a horizontal plate and a connecting frame. The number of horizontal plates corresponds to the number of limiting strips. The horizontal plate is provided with a plurality of openings, which correspond to the positions of a plurality of oil outlets. A sliding groove is provided in the limiting strip. The end of the limiting strip is provided with a port that is fixedly connected to the sliding groove. The sliding groove passes through the plurality of oil outlets. The horizontal plate is slidably connected to the sliding groove. One end of the plurality of horizontal plates extends out and is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. A mounting plate is fixedly connected between the plurality of limiting strips. A drive mechanism is provided on the mounting plate to move the horizontal plate within the sliding groove.

[0007] Optionally, the drive mechanism includes a mounting frame, which is fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting plate. A rotating frame is rotatably connected to the mounting frame, and a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the mounting frame and the rotating frame. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating frame, and a guide wheel is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating shaft. A first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft, and a second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the first connecting rod. A fixed frame is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod, and the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting frame. A reset component is also provided between the connecting frame and the mounting plate.

[0008] Optionally, the reset component includes a limiting post, one end of which is fixedly connected to the connecting frame, and the other end of which passes through the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to a limiting plate. A buffer spring is fixedly connected between the connecting frame and the mounting plate.

[0009] Optionally, the thickness of the spokes is the same as the thickness of the shield, the cross-section of the spokes is fan-shaped, and the spacing between a plurality of spokes is not less than the width of adjacent spokes.

[0010] Optionally, wear-resistant gaskets can be detachably connected to the top and bottom of the horizontal plate, a baffle is fixedly connected to the side of the horizontal plate near the port, and a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle near the port.

[0011] Optionally, a rubber tire is fitted on the guide wheel, and a plurality of protrusions are provided inside the rubber tire. A groove is formed between the plurality of protrusions. A protrusion is fixedly connected to the guide wheel at a position corresponding to the groove, and the protrusion engages with the groove.

[0012] Optionally, the length of the first link is less than the radius of the guide wheel.

[0013] The present invention also provides a construction method for suppressing the floating of shield tunnel segments, based on the above-mentioned shield tail device, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: After the tunnel boring machine assembles the current segment, it begins tunneling. As the current segment exits the shield tail, the shield tail grouting port and the grouting end of the spoke plate are grouted simultaneously to fill the gaps between the outer surface of the current segment, the soil layer, the spoke plate, and the limiting strip. The spoke plate and the limiting strip can stabilize the position of the current segment and prevent it from floating.

[0015] Step 2: After the tunnel boring machine advances one ring width, it stops tunneling and assembles the next ring of segments. The grout at the current segment reacts and gradually gains strength.

[0016] Step 3: The tunnel boring machine repeats Step 2. When the current segment separates from the tail of the spoke plate, grouting is performed at the grouting end of the tail of the spoke plate to fill the voids of the solidified grout.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention can suppress the instantaneous upward floating of the tunnel segments after they leave the shield tail by using the spoke plates and limiting strips, providing the grout with a setting reaction time of 1 to 2 rings of tunneling and assembly, which is beneficial to the effective control of the setting time of the grout mixing; The spoke plates have high rigidity and can withstand the upward force of the grout on the tunnel segments, and can also provide reliable anti-buoyancy and anti-displacement effects for large-diameter tunnels with a diameter of more than 14 meters, and can also support the strata in soft soil to prevent collapse; The limiting strips not only play a role in restricting the flow of grout in sections, avoiding the grout from flowing from the middle and upper parts to the lower voids and causing uneven grout distribution, but also stabilize the position of the tunnel segments; By adjusting the width and distribution of the spoke plates, it can be used in various strata such as soft soil, sand and gravel, and rock; It can effectively prevent the early upward floating of the tunnel segments after they leave the shield tail, and has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and has a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shield shell structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spokes of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spokes of the present invention from another perspective;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting strip of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting strip of the present invention from another perspective;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating frame of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guide wheel of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Shield shell; 2. Segment; 3. Pipe; 4. Grouting end; 5. Limiting strip; 6. Oil outlet; 7. Pipeline; 8. Horizontal plate; 9. Connecting frame; 10. Opening; 11. Slide groove; 12. Mounting plate; 13. Mounting frame; 14. Rotating frame; 15. Rotating shaft; 16. Guide wheel; 17. First connecting rod; 18. Second connecting rod; 19. Fixing frame; 20. Limiting post; 21. Limiting plate; 22. Buffer spring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0029] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 9 This invention provides a shield tail device for suppressing the upward floating of tunnel segments 2, including a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The TBM includes a shield shell 1 with a shield tail. Segments 2 are assembled inside the shield tail. Several grouting ports are spaced along the arc on the shield tail. Several spokes 3 are spaced at intervals on the upper part of the shield shell 1 near the shield tail. Several limiting strips 5 are fixedly connected to the side of each spoke 3 near the segment 2. Several limiting strips 5 are spaced at intervals along the longitudinal direction on the spoke 3. Grouting pipes are provided inside the spoke 3. Several grouting ends 4 are spaced at intervals at the tail of the spoke 3.

[0033] Specifically, the spokes 3 and the limiting strips 5 can suppress the instantaneous upward movement of the tunnel segment 2 after it leaves the shield tail, providing the grout with a setting reaction time equivalent to 1-2 rings of tunneling and assembly, which is beneficial for the effective control of the setting time of the grout mixing. The spokes 3 has high rigidity and can withstand the upward force of the grout on the tunnel segment 2. It can also provide reliable anti-buoyancy and anti-displacement effects for large-diameter tunnels with a diameter of more than 14 meters, and can also support the strata in soft soil to prevent collapse. The limiting strips 5 not only play a role in restricting the flow of grout in sections, preventing the grout in the middle and upper parts from flowing into the lower voids and causing uneven grout distribution, but also stabilize the position of the tunnel segment 2. By adjusting the width and distribution of the spokes 3, it can be used in various strata such as soft soil, sand and gravel, and rock. It can effectively prevent the early upward movement of the tunnel segment 2 after it leaves the shield tail, and it has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and has a wide range of applications.

[0034] Furthermore, the limiting strip 5 is provided with several oil outlets 6 on the side near the tube segment 2. The limiting strip 5 is provided with a pipe 7 that communicates with the several oil outlets 6. The end of the limiting strip 5 is provided with an oil filling port that communicates with the pipe 7. The oil filling port is threaded with a cap. The control mechanism on the spoke plate 3 controls the opening and closing of the several oil outlets 6. Lubricating oil is delivered to the outer wall of the limiting strip 5 through the oil outlets 6 to reduce the friction between the limiting strip 5 and the tube segment 2, so as to facilitate the movement of the tube segment 2.

[0035] Furthermore, the control mechanism includes a horizontal plate 8 and a connecting frame 9. The number of horizontal plates 8 corresponds to the number of limiting strips 5. The horizontal plate 8 is provided with a number of openings 10, which correspond to the positions of a number of oil outlets 6. The limiting strips 5 are provided with a sliding groove 11. The end of the limiting strips 5 is provided with a port that is fixedly connected to the sliding groove 11. The sliding groove 11 passes through the number of oil outlets 6. The horizontal plate 8 is slidably connected to the sliding groove 11. One end of the horizontal plates 8 extends out of the port and is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 9. The number of limiting strips 5 are fixedly connected with a mounting plate 12. The mounting plate 12 is provided with a drive mechanism that drives the horizontal plates 8 to move in the sliding groove 11.

[0036] Specifically, by setting the horizontal plate 8, the oil outlet 6 can be closed to prevent the oil outlet 6 from being in an open state for a long time, which would lead to increased consumption of lubricating oil. The drive mechanism drives the horizontal plate 8 to move in the slide groove 11, so that the opening 10 on the horizontal plate 11 intermittently overlaps with the oil outlet 6, thereby achieving the purpose of intermittent oil output from the oil outlet 6 to intermittently lubricate the limit strip 5, reducing the consumption of lubricating oil.

[0037] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a mounting frame 13, which is fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting plate 12. A rotating frame 14 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 13. A torsion spring is fixedly connected between the mounting frame 13 and the rotating frame 14. A rotating shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating frame 14. A guide wheel 16 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating shaft 15. A first connecting rod 17 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 15. A second connecting rod 18 is rotatably connected to the other end of the first connecting rod 17. A fixed frame 19 is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod 18. The fixed frame 19 is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting frame 9. A reset component is also provided between the connecting frame 9 and the mounting plate 12.

[0038] Specifically, the guide wheel 16 contacts the surface of the segment 2. During the tunnel boring machine's advance, the guide wheel 16 rotates, thereby driving the rotating shaft 15 to rotate on the rotating frame 14. At this time, the first connecting rod 17 drives the second connecting rod 18 to move, thereby pushing the connecting frame 9. Since the horizontal plate 8 is fixed on the connecting frame 9, the horizontal plate 8 moves in the sliding groove 11 during the movement of the connecting frame 9, causing the opening 10 on the horizontal plate 8 to intermittently overlap with the oil outlet 6. When the segment 2 detaches slowly, the overlap time between the opening 10 and the oil outlet 6 increases, and the leakage of lubricating oil increases. When the segment 2 detaches quickly, the overlap time between the opening 10 and the oil outlet 6 decreases, thereby reducing the leakage of lubricating oil and reducing the consumption of lubricating oil. This does not affect the movement of the guide tube and is convenient to use. Furthermore, in actual use, a protective plate can be added to the tail of the spoke plate 3 to prevent the slurry from contacting the guide wheel 16.

[0039] Furthermore, the reset component includes a limiting post 20, one end of which is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 9, and the other end of which passes through the mounting plate 12 and is fixedly connected to a limiting plate 21. A buffer spring 22 is fixedly connected between the connecting frame 9 and the mounting plate 12. The reset component plays a buffering role, reducing direct contact between the connecting frame 9 and the mounting plate 12, and after the tube segment 2 separates from the shield tail, it moves the horizontal plate 8 to a closed state for the oil outlet.

[0040] Furthermore, to improve the stability of the spokes 3 during use, the thickness of the spokes 3 is the same as the thickness of the shield 1, the cross-section of the spokes 3 is fan-shaped, and the spacing between several spokes 3 is not less than the width of adjacent spokes 3.

[0041] Furthermore, to improve the effective service life of the horizontal plate 8, wear-resistant gaskets are detachably connected to both the top and bottom of the horizontal plate 8, and a baffle is fixedly connected to the side of the horizontal plate 8 near the port. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle near the port to prevent lubricating oil from being carried out from the slide groove 11 during the movement of the horizontal plate 8.

[0042] Furthermore, to improve the contact strength between the guide wheel 16 and the tube segment 2, a rubber tire is fitted on the guide wheel 16. The rubber tire has several protrusions inside, and grooves are formed between the protrusions. A protrusion is fixedly connected to the guide wheel 16 at the corresponding position of the groove. The protrusion and the groove are engaged and can be disassembled and replaced for easy reuse.

[0043] Furthermore, to improve the coordination between structures, the length of the first link 17 is less than the radius of the guide wheel 16.

[0044] The method of using this invention includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: After the tunnel boring machine assembles the current segment 2, it begins to excavate. As the current segment 2 exits the shield tail, the shield tail grouting port and the grouting end 4 of the spoke plate 3 are grouted simultaneously to fill the gaps between the outer surface of the current segment 2, the soil layer, the spoke plate 3, and the limiting strip 5. The spoke plate 3 and the limiting strip 5 can stabilize the position of the current segment 2 and prevent it from floating.

[0046] Step 2: After the tunnel boring machine advances one ring width, it stops tunneling and assembles the next ring segment 2. The grout at the current segment 2 reacts and gradually gains strength.

[0047] Step 3: The tunnel boring machine repeats step 2. When the current segment 2 separates from the tail of the spoke plate 3, the grouting end 4 at the tail of the spoke plate 3 is grouted to fill the voids of the solidified grout.

[0048] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tail device for suppressing the upward floating of tunnel segments, comprising a tunnel boring machine (TBM), the TBM comprising a shield shell (1), the shield shell (1) having a shield tail, the shield tail being fitted with tunnel segments (2), and the shield tail having a plurality of grouting ports spaced along an arc, characterized in that: The shield shell (1) has several radial plates (3) spaced apart on the upper part of the end near the tail of the shield. Each radial plate (3) has several limiting strips (5) fixedly connected to the side near the segment (2). The limiting strips (5) extend longitudinally and are spaced apart on the radial plate (3). The radial plate (3) has a grouting pipeline inside. The tail of the radial plate (3) has several grouting ends (4) spaced apart. The aforementioned limiting strips (5) are used to prevent the slurry in the upper and middle parts from flowing into the lower voids.

2. The tail shield device for suppressing the floating of the tunnel segment of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting strip (5) has several oil outlets (6) on one side near the tube segment (2). The limiting strip (5) has a pipe (7) that communicates with the several oil outlets (6). The end of the limiting strip (5) has an oil inlet that communicates with the pipe (7). The oil inlet is threaded with a cap. The spoke plate (3) is provided with a control mechanism that controls the opening and closing of the several oil outlets (6).

3. The tail shield device for suppressing the floating of the tunnel segment of the shield tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control mechanism includes a horizontal plate (8) and a connecting frame (9). The number of the horizontal plates (8) corresponds to the number of the limiting strips (5). The horizontal plate (8) is provided with a number of openings (10). The number of openings (10) corresponds to the positions of a number of oil outlets (6). The limiting strips (5) are provided with a sliding groove (11). The end of the limiting strips (5) is provided with a port that is fixedly connected to the sliding groove (11). The sliding groove (11) passes through a number of oil outlets (6). The horizontal plate (8) is slidably connected to the sliding groove (11). One end of a number of horizontal plates (8) extends out of the port and is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (9). A mounting plate (12) is fixedly connected between a number of limiting strips (5). The mounting plate (12) is provided with a driving mechanism that drives the horizontal plates (8) to move in the sliding groove (11).

4. The tail shield device for suppressing the floating of the tunnel segment of the shield tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a mounting frame (13), which is fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting plate (12). A rotating frame (14) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (13). A torsion spring is fixedly connected between the mounting frame (13) and the rotating frame (14). A rotating shaft (15) is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating frame (14). A guide wheel (16) is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating shaft (15). A first connecting rod (17) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (15). A second connecting rod (18) is rotatably connected to the other end of the first connecting rod (17). A fixed frame (19) is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod (18). The fixed frame (19) is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting frame (9). A reset component is also provided between the connecting frame (9) and the mounting plate (12).

5. The tail shield device for suppressing the floating of the tunnel segment of the shield tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset component includes a limiting post (20), one end of which is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (9), and the other end of which passes through the mounting plate (12) and is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (21). A buffer spring (22) is fixedly connected between the connecting frame (9) and the mounting plate (12).

6. The tail shield device for suppressing the floating of the tunnel segment of the shield tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the spokes (3) is the same as the thickness of the shield (1), the cross-section of the spokes (3) is fan-shaped, and the spacing between several spokes (3) is not less than the width of the adjacent spokes (3).

7. The tail shield device for suppressing the floating of the tunnel segment of the shield tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the horizontal plate (8) are detachably connected with wear-resistant pads. A baffle is fixedly connected to the side of the horizontal plate (8) near the port. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle near the port.

8. The shield tail device for suppressing the floating of shield tunnel segments according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rubber tire is fitted on the guide wheel (16). The rubber tire has several protrusions inside, and a groove is formed between the protrusions. A protrusion is fixedly connected to the guide wheel (16) at the position corresponding to the groove, and the protrusion engages with the groove.

9. The tail shield device for suppressing the floating of the tunnel segment of the shield tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the first link (17) is less than the radius of the guide wheel (16).

10. A construction method for suppressing the floating of shield tunnel segments, implemented based on the shield tail device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: After the tunnel boring machine assembles the current segment (2), it begins to excavate. As the current segment (2) exits the shield tail, the shield tail grouting port and the grouting end (4) of the spoke plate (3) are grouted synchronously to fill the gaps between the outer surface of the current segment (2), the soil layer, the spoke plate (3), and the limiting strip (5). The spoke plate (3) and the limiting strip (5) can stabilize the position of the current segment (2) and prevent it from floating. Step 2: After the tunnel boring machine advances one ring width, it stops tunneling and assembles the next ring segment (2). The grout at the current segment (2) reacts and gradually gains strength. Step 3: The tunnel boring machine repeats step 2. When the current segment (2) is separated from the tail of the spoke plate (3), the grouting end (4) at the tail of the spoke plate (3) is grouted to fill the voids of the solidified grout.

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