Emergency valve for ship vent pipes

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of ship structural components, specifically disclosing an emergency valve for a ship's vent pipe. The valve includes a sealing part and a support part for supporting the sealing part. The sealing part includes a valve seat, a first vent hole formed on the valve seat, a valve disc for closing the first vent hole, and a valve stem connected to the valve disc and used to drive the valve disc's movement. The valve stem is slidably connected to the valve seat, and a top plate is provided at the end of the valve stem facing away from the valve disc. The support part supports the top plate and includes a first mounting plate, a top rod with its middle ball hinged to the first mounting plate, a top ball mounted at the end of the top rod for contact with the top plate, and a counterweight block mounted at the other end of the top rod. The top plate has a spherical surface on the side facing the top ball that cooperates with the top ball. Using the solution of this invention, the problem that existing valves cannot seal the vent pipe opening when the ship is tilting can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ship structural components, and specifically relates to an emergency valve for ship vent pipes. Background Technology

[0002] According to shipbuilding standards, large, enclosed compartments (hereinafter referred to as sealed compartments) must have openings and vent pipes installed to allow air to pass through. The opening of the vent pipe is usually located at a high position above the ship's deck to prevent water from entering. However, in the event of an accident or marine damage, the ship may tilt at a large angle or even capsize. In this case, even if the sealed compartment is not damaged, water from outside can easily enter the sealed compartment through the opening of the vent pipe, causing the ship to completely lose buoyancy and sink or suffer other greater losses.

[0003] In addition to the ship's sealed compartments, the ship's fuel tanks and hazardous liquid cargo tanks are also connected to vent pipes. If the ship tilts at a large angle or capsizes, external water flow can enter the fuel tanks or hazardous liquid cargo tanks through the vent pipes, causing the fuel or hazardous materials inside to leak out and pollute the aquatic environment.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies propose installing an emergency valve within the vent pipe. During normal ship navigation, the emergency valve opens, allowing the vent pipe to communicate with the outside environment. When the ship tilts at a significant angle, the emergency valve closes to prevent external water from entering sealed compartments, fuel tanks, or cargo tanks containing hazardous chemicals through the vent pipe. For example, patent CN201720372344.4 discloses a marine vent pipe head with excellent permeability. A float is installed within the valve body. When water enters the vent pipe, the water level rises, causing the float to rise and close the vent pipe. However, the buoyancy of the float is vertically upward. When the ship tilts, the buoyancy still moves vertically upward, but the vent pipe opening may no longer be directly above the float. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the float to maintain a tight seal on the vent pipe opening, resulting in an inability to seal the vent pipe opening when the ship tilts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an emergency valve for ship vent pipes to solve the problem that existing float valves cannot seal the opening of the vent pipe when the ship tilts.

[0006] According to embodiments of the present invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An emergency valve for a ship's vent pipe includes a sealing part and a support part for supporting the sealing part. The sealing part includes a valve seat, a first vent hole opened on the valve seat, a valve disc for closing the first vent hole, and a valve stem connected to the valve disc for driving the valve disc to move. The valve stem is slidably connected to the valve seat or the valve stem and valve seat are in clearance fit. The end of the valve stem facing away from the valve disc is provided with a top plate. The support part is used to support the top plate. The support part includes a first mounting plate, a push rod with its middle ball hinged to the first mounting plate, a top ball installed at the end of the push rod for contacting the top plate, and a counterweight installed at the other end of the push rod. The side of the top plate facing the top ball is provided with a spherical surface that cooperates with the top ball.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] The push rod is kept vertical by the counterweight. When the ship is sailing normally, the push rod pushes the top plate vertically upward, creating a gap between the valve disc and the valve seat. This allows the space inside the sealed compartment to be connected to the outside through the first vent.

[0010] When a ship tilts, the push rod remains vertical, causing relative movement between the spherical surface on the top plate and the push ball. When the tilt angle is small, i.e., the push ball remains in contact with the spherical surface, the ship can subsequently right itself, and the push ball can continue to lift the top plate upwards. However, when the tilt angle is large, i.e., the push ball moves relative to the top plate and detaches from the spherical surface, the push rod no longer supports the top plate. The top plate, driven by its own weight, moves relative to the valve seat, causing the valve disc to move towards the valve seat. When the valve disc rests against the valve seat, it closes the first vent. Furthermore, since the push ball's movement has exceeded the limits of the spherical surface, and the push ball is restricted by the top plate end face or side wall, regardless of whether the ship can subsequently right itself, the valve disc can no longer be lifted upwards by the push rod, thus maintaining the sealed compartment and preventing water ingress.

[0011] In this design, when the ship tilts at a large angle, i.e. there is a risk of water ingress or even capsizing, the valve disc can automatically close the first vent to prevent water from entering the sealed compartment. This allows the ship to remain afloat, reducing the risk of sinking. Moreover, the process of closing the first vent does not require manual operation and can be completed automatically according to the degree of ship tilt. The structure is simple and easy to use.

[0012] In addition, the emergency valve in this solution can also be applied to the vent pipes of ship fuel tanks, chemical and hazardous liquid cargo tanks, etc. When the ship tilts at a large angle, it will automatically close the vent pipe to prevent external water from entering the fuel tanks or chemical and hazardous liquid cargo tanks, and at the same time prevent fuel or chemical and hazardous materials from leaking and polluting the aquatic environment.

[0013] Furthermore, the spherical surface is either concave or convex, and the radius of the spherical surface is greater than the radius of the top sphere.

[0014] Beneficial effects: When the spherical surface is concave, after the push rod drives the push ball to move relative to the spherical surface, the top plate and the push ball will return to their original positions after the ship self-aligns. Taking the point a of the push ball and the spherical surface when the ship is tilted as an example, the push ball is subjected to the force of the spherical surface, which is perpendicular to the common tangent at point a. The moment vector of this force relative to the ball joint and the moment vector of the counterweight relative to the ball joint are in the same direction, which can help overcome friction and help the push ball return to its original position. This is suitable for situations where the ship is tilted at a small angle, and it is convenient for the push ball to move and return to its original position relative to the top plate.

[0015] When the spherical surface is convex, after the push rod drives the push ball to move relative to the spherical surface, the support of the push ball on the top plate is no longer located at the lowest point of the top plate, that is, it is offset from the top plate to a certain extent, which makes it easier for the top plate to drive the valve disc to move, so that the valve disc closes the first vent hole. Even if the ship's tilt angle does not exceed the limit angle, there is still a situation where the valve disc closes the first vent hole, further preventing external water from entering the sealed compartment.

[0016] Furthermore, the spherical surface includes a convex portion and a concave portion located in the middle of the convex portion, the concave portion facing the top sphere, and the radius of the concave portion being larger than the radius of the top sphere.

[0017] Beneficial effects: In this design, the concave portion is located in the middle of the convex portion. When the top ball swings relative to the concave portion, it is suitable for situations where the ship is tilted at a small angle, facilitating the top ball's reset. However, when the top ball moves to the convex portion, i.e., when the ship's tilt angle increases, even if the tilt angle does not exceed the limit angle, the valve disc may close the first vent, further preventing external water from entering the sealed compartment. This design can meet the needs of various ship tilt conditions.

[0018] Furthermore, an elastic element is connected to one end of the valve disc facing away from the valve stem, and the sealing part also includes a second mounting plate for mounting the elastic element. The elastic element is detachably connected to the second mounting plate; a second vent hole is provided on the second mounting plate.

[0019] Beneficial effects: When the top rod no longer supports the top plate or reduces the support strength to the top plate, the valve disc, in addition to moving towards the valve seat under its own gravity, can also be subjected to the restoring force of the elastic element, making it easier for the valve disc to move and close the first vent hole.

[0020] Furthermore, the valve disc and valve stem are detachably connected.

[0021] Beneficial effects: It facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the valve disc and valve stem on the valve seat. The valve stem can be passed through the valve seat and then connected to the valve disc.

[0022] Furthermore, a sealing ring is installed on the valve seat, and the first vent hole is located inside the sealing ring. The projection of the sealing ring on the valve disc is located inside the valve disc.

[0023] Beneficial effect: By setting the sealing ring, when the valve disc closes the first vent hole, it presses on the sealing ring, causing the sealing ring to deform and preventing external water from entering the first vent hole through the gap between the valve disc and the valve seat.

[0024] Furthermore, the support also includes a first adjusting member for adjusting the position of the top ball on the top rod and a second adjusting member for adjusting the position of the counterweight on the top rod.

[0025] Beneficial effect: By adjusting the position of the top ball through the first adjusting component, while keeping the position and height of the hinge point between the top rod and the first mounting plate unchanged, the position of the top ball on the top rod can be changed, thereby adjusting the height at which the top ball lifts the valve disc.

[0026] With the hinge point between the top rod and the first mounting plate remaining at a constant height, this point can be used as the fulcrum of a lever. By adjusting the position of the top ball and the counterweight on the top rod, i.e., adjusting the distance between the top ball, the counterweight and the fulcrum, i.e. adjusting the lever arm length, the force required for the top rod to swing can be adjusted according to the lever principle. This allows for adjusting the ease of resetting the top plate when the ship tilts at a small angle.

[0027] Furthermore, the sealing part includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section that are interconnected, a second mounting plate is fixed on the first pipe section, and a valve seat is installed inside the second pipe section. The first pipe, the second pipe section, and the first mounting plate are sequentially and detachably connected.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The first pipe section, the second pipe section, and the first mounting plate can be detached and connected in sequence, which facilitates the overall assembly and disassembly of the sealing part. After the ball movement has exceeded the limit of the spherical surface, the emergency valve can be readjusted by manually disassembling the sealing part, that is, by readjusting the push rod to push the valve disc upward. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable connection between the elastic element and the second mounting plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ship's tilted state.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an emergency valve in a tilted state.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an emergency valve in a tilted state.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an emergency valve in a tilted state.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. First pipe section; 2. Second mounting plate; 3. Second vent hole; 4. Connecting disc; 5. Sealing gasket; 6. Spring; 7. Valve disc; 8. Valve seat; 9. First vent hole; 10. Second pipe section; 11. Sealing ring; 12. Connecting shaft; 13. Valve stem; 14. Top plate; 15. Top ball; 16. First mounting plate; 17. Third vent hole; 18. Third mounting plate; 19. Swing groove; 20. Rotating ball; 21. Top rod; 22. Counterweight; 23. Concave part; 24. Convex part; 25. Spherical surface; 26. Connecting block; 27. Connecting cylinder; 28. Upper limit nut; 29. ​​Lower limit nut; 30. Bend section; 31. Straight section; 32. Sealing chamber; 33. Vent pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and specific embodiments are given.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, an emergency valve for a ship's vent pipe includes a sealing part and a support part for supporting the sealing part.

[0042] The sealing part includes a valve seat 8, a first vent hole 9 on the valve seat 8, a valve disc 7 for closing the first vent hole 9, a valve stem 13 connected to the valve disc 7 and used to drive the valve disc 7 to move, an elastic element connected to the valve disc 7, a second mounting plate 2 for mounting the elastic element, a second vent hole 3 on the second mounting plate 2, and a first pipe section 1 and a second pipe section 10 that are interconnected. The elastic element is a spring 6. The spring 6 and the valve stem 13 are respectively installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the valve disc 7. In this embodiment, one end of the spring 6 is fixed to the valve disc 7, and the other end of the spring 6 is detachably connected to the second mounting plate 2. Figure 4 As shown, a connecting block 26 is fixed to the upper end of the spring 6. The connecting block 26 is threaded onto the second mounting plate 2. By rotating the connecting block 26, the position of the connection between the connecting block 26 and the second mounting plate 2 can be adjusted to a certain extent, thereby adjusting the distance between the end of the spring 6 and the second mounting plate 2.

[0043] The first pipe section 1 and the second pipe section 10 are detachably connected, specifically, as follows: Figure 1Taking the direction shown as an example, the second mounting plate 2 is fixed to the lower end of the first pipe section 1, and the end of the second mounting plate 2 extends out of the side wall of the first pipe section 1. A connecting plate 4 is fixed to the upper end of the second pipe section 10, and the connecting plate 4 and the second mounting plate 2 are bolted together. In actual use, in order to ensure the sealing of the connection between the second pipe section 10 and the second mounting plate 2, a sealing gasket 5 (a rubber gasket can be selected) can be fixed on the surface of the connecting plate 4 and / or the second mounting plate 2.

[0044] The valve stem 13 is slidably connected to the valve seat 8, or the valve stem 13 and the valve seat 8 are in a clearance fit. Specifically, the valve seat 8 has a through hole, and the valve stem 13 is slidably connected to the through hole, or the valve stem 13 and the through hole are in a clearance fit, meaning that the valve stem 13 and the valve seat 8 have no specific connection. The installation method of the valve stem 13 can be selected according to the actual situation, as long as the valve stem 13 can move relative to the valve seat 8 along its own axis. In actual installation, a sleeve for installing the valve stem 13 can also be set at the through hole of the valve seat 8. In this embodiment, the valve stem 13 and the through hole are selected in a clearance fit installation method. The end of the valve stem 13 facing away from the valve disc 7 is provided with a top plate 14. In order to facilitate the assembly of the valve stem 13, the valve seat 8, and the valve disc 7, the valve stem 13 and the valve disc 7 are detachably connected. Specifically, a connecting shaft 12 is fixed on the valve stem 13, and the connecting shaft 12 is threadedly connected to the valve disc 7.

[0045] During assembly, first pass the valve stem 13 through the through hole and connect the valve stem 13 and the valve disc 7. Then, align the second pipe section 10 and the first pipe section 1, pull the spring 6, and assemble the spring 6 onto the second mounting plate 2. Then, connect the connecting disc 4 and the second mounting plate 2 with bolts to complete the initial assembly.

[0046] To ensure the airtightness of the valve disc 7 when the first vent hole 9 is closed, a sealing ring 11 is installed on the valve seat 8. Specifically, an annular groove is provided on the valve seat 8, a part of the sealing ring 11 is embedded in the annular groove, and the other part of the sealing ring 11 extends out of the annular groove. The first vent hole 9 is located inside the sealing ring 11. The projection of the sealing ring 11 on the valve disc 7 is located inside the valve disc 7. When the valve disc 7 abuts against the valve seat 8, the valve disc 7 squeezes the sealing ring 11, causing the sealing ring 11 to deform, thereby preventing water from entering the first vent hole 9 through the gap between the valve disc 7 and the valve seat 8.

[0047] The support part is used to support the top plate 14. The support part includes a first mounting plate 16, a top rod 21 with a central ball hinge to the first mounting plate 16, a top ball 15 installed at the end of the top rod 21 and used to contact the top plate 14, and a counterweight 22 installed at the other end of the top rod 21. Specifically, the counterweight 22 needs to be set with a large weight according to actual needs so that the top rod 21 can be kept vertical by the influence of its lower counterweight 22.

[0048] The first mounting plate 16 is detachably connected to the lower end of the second pipe section 10. A connecting plate 4 is also fixed to the lower end of the second pipe section 10. The first mounting plate 16 and the connecting plate 4 at the lower end of the second pipe are bolted together. A rotating ball 20 is fixed in the middle of the push rod 21. A hemispherical groove for mounting the rotating ball 20 is opened at the lower end of the first mounting plate 16. A swing groove 19, which is shaped like an inverted frustum and communicates with the hemispherical groove, is opened at the upper end of the first mounting plate 16. The swing groove 19 allows the upper part of the push rod 21 to swing. A third mounting plate 18 is also detachably connected to the lower end of the first mounting plate 16. The third mounting plate 18 is used to cooperate with the first mounting plate 16 to install the swing rod. In actual assembly, the third mounting plate 18, the first mounting plate 16, and the connecting plate 4 at the lower end of the second pipe are connected together by bolts. The upper end of the third mounting plate 18 is provided with a hemispherical groove for mounting the rotating ball 20. The hemispherical grooves on the first mounting plate 16 and the third mounting plate 18 cooperate to hold the rotating ball 20 in them. The lower end of the third mounting plate 18 is provided with a swing groove 19 in the shape of a frustum of a circle and connected to the hemispherical groove. The swing groove 19 allows the lower part of the push rod 21 to swing. The swing grooves 19 on the first mounting plate 16 and the third mounting plate 18 can meet the swing requirements of the push rod 21 with the rotating ball 20 as the fulcrum.

[0049] The top plate 14 has a spherical surface 25 on the side facing the top ball 15, which mates with the top ball 15. In this embodiment, the spherical surface 25 is concave, and the concave part of the spherical surface 25 faces the top ball 15. The radius of the spherical surface 25 is larger than the radius of the top ball 15. Figure 1 The state shown is the state when the ship is sailing normally. The top ball 15 is pressed against the spherical surface 25, which lifts the top plate 14 upward, and then lifts the valve disc 7 upward through the valve stem 13, leaving a gap between the valve disc 7 and the valve seat 8. The first vent hole 9 and the second vent hole 3 are connected, and thus connected to the outside air. In order to facilitate the connection between the first vent hole 9 and the inside of the sealed chamber 32, the first mounting plate 16 and the third mounting plate 18 are both provided with a third vent hole 17. The third vent hole 17 is connected to the inside of the sealed chamber 32, so that the air in the sealed chamber 32 passes through the third vent hole 17, the first vent hole 9, and the second vent hole 3 in sequence and then connects with the outside air of the ship.

[0050] In practical use, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the ship is sailing normally, the push rod 21 vertically pushes the top plate 14 upward, so that there is a gap between the valve disc 7 and the valve seat 8. As a result, the space inside the sealed chamber 32 can be connected to the outside through the first vent hole 9. Specifically, the air inside the sealed chamber 32 is connected to the air outside the ship after passing through the third vent hole 17, the first vent hole 9, and the second vent hole 3 in sequence.

[0051] When the ship tilts, the push rod 21 has two possible states: (1) it remains vertical, and the top plate 14 tilts with the ship, so the spherical surface 25 on the top plate 14 moves relative to the top ball 15; (2) the top ball 15 is subjected to friction with the spherical surface 25, and tilts along with the top plate 14 during the ship's tilt. When the ship stops tilting, the push rod 21 is subjected to the gravity of the counterweight 22 and straightens itself, that is, the top ball 15 moves relative to the deflected spherical surface 25. Regardless of which of the above movements the push rod 21 makes, in the tilting state of the ship, the push rod 21 will eventually be subjected to the action of the counterweight 22 and remain vertical.

[0052] When the ship tilts at a small angle, i.e. when the ship can straighten itself, the top ball 15 always remains in contact with the spherical surface 25 during this process, thus always providing support to the top plate 14, and the valve disc 7 will not close to the valve seat 8 to seal the first vent hole 9.

[0053] However, when the ship tilts at a large angle, i.e., after the top ball 15 and the top plate 14 move relative to each other, the top ball 15 separates from the spherical surface 25. At this time, the push rod 21 no longer supports the top plate 14, and the top plate 14 drives the valve stem 13 to move relative to the valve seat 8 under its own weight. The valve disc 7 moves towards the valve seat 8. When the valve disc 7 abuts against the valve seat 8, it closes the first vent hole 9. Furthermore, since the movement of the top ball 15 has exceeded the limit of the spherical surface 25, the top ball 15 is restricted by the end face or side wall of the top plate 14. Therefore, regardless of whether the ship can straighten itself laterally, the valve disc 7 cannot be pushed upward by the push rod 21, so that the sealed compartment 32 remains sealed and cannot be flooded. In this case, subsequent manual handling is required to reassemble and disassemble the emergency valve to reopen the first vent hole 9.

[0054] Preferably, based on Embodiment 1, the support part further includes a first adjusting member for adjusting the position of the top ball 15 on the top rod 21 and a second adjusting member for adjusting the position of the counterweight 22 on the top rod 21. Specifically, the first adjusting member includes a connecting cylinder 27 fixed on the top ball 15. The connecting cylinder 27 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the top rod 21. By rotating the connecting cylinder 27, the distance between the top ball 15 and the upper end of the top rod 21 can be adjusted. The second adjusting component includes an upper limit nut 28 and a lower limit nut 29 threadedly connected to the lower part of the top rod 21. In this embodiment, the counterweight 22 is spherical, and a through hole is provided in the center of the counterweight 22 along its radial direction. The counterweight 22 is sleeved on the top rod 21 through the through hole. The upper limit nut 28 is located above the counterweight 22, and the lower limit nut 29 is located below the counterweight 22. After adjusting the position of the counterweight 22 on the top rod 21, the upper limit nut 28 and the lower limit nut 29 are then adjusted so that the upper limit nut 28 and the lower limit nut 29 hold the counterweight 22 between them, thus restricting the position of the counterweight 22.

[0055] With the hinge point of the top rod 21 and the first mounting plate 16 remaining at a constant height, i.e., with the rotating ball 20 remaining at a constant height, the force required for the top rod 21 to swing can be adjusted by using the rotating ball 20 as the fulcrum of the lever. This adjustment is achieved by adjusting the position of the top ball 15 and the counterweight 22 on the top rod 21, i.e., adjusting the distance between the top ball 15, the counterweight 22 and the rotating ball 20, i.e. adjusting the lever arm length. Based on the lever principle, this allows for adjusting the force required for the top rod 21 to swing, thereby adjusting the ease of resetting the top plate 14 when the ship tilts at a small angle.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is the arrangement of the spherical surface 25. (Combined with...) Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the spherical surface 25 is a convex surface, with the protrusion of the spherical surface 25 facing the top ball 15, and the radius of the spherical surface 25 is larger than the radius of the top ball 15. In this embodiment, after the top rod 21 drives the top ball 15 to move relative to the spherical surface 25, the support of the top ball 15 on the top plate 14 is no longer located at the lowest point of the top plate 14, that is, it is offset from the top plate 14 to a certain extent, which facilitates the movement of the valve disc 7 driven by the top plate 14, so that the valve disc 7 closes the first vent hole 9. Even if the tilt angle of the ship does not exceed the limit angle, there is still a situation where the valve disc 7 closes the first vent hole 9, further preventing external water from entering the sealed chamber 32. Moreover, as long as the tilt angle of the ship does not exceed the limit angle, the valve disc 7 can still reset itself.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is the arrangement of the spherical surface 25. (Combined with...) Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the spherical surface 25 includes a convex portion 24 and a concave portion 23 disposed in the middle of the convex portion 24. The concave portion 23 faces the top ball 15, and the radius of the concave portion 23 is greater than the radius of the top ball 15.

[0060] In this embodiment, the concave portion 23 is located in the middle of the convex portion 24. When the top ball 15 swings relative to the concave portion 23, it is suitable for situations where the ship is tilted at a small angle, facilitating the reset of the top ball 15. However, when the top ball 15 moves to the convex portion 24, i.e., when the ship's tilt angle increases, even if the ship's tilt angle does not exceed the limit angle, there is a possibility that the valve disc 7 will close the first vent hole 9, further preventing external water from entering the sealed chamber 32. This design can meet the needs of various ship tilt situations.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the vessel includes a vent pipe 33. The vent pipe 33 includes interconnected straight pipe sections 31 and bends 30. Specifically, ... Figure 5Taking the ship's normal sailing state as an example, the straight pipe section 31 is set vertically, and the bent pipe section 30 is connected to the upper end of the straight pipe section 31. The free end of the bent pipe section 30 is bent downward. Due to the setting of the bent pipe section 30, rainwater cannot enter the bent pipe section 30. Even if seawater enters the opening of the free end of the bent pipe section 30, it needs to climb up and pass through the bent pipe section 30 before it can enter the straight pipe section 31. Therefore, setting the bent pipe section 30 can meet the daily waterproofing needs.

[0063] An emergency valve is installed at one end of the straight pipe section 31 facing away from the bend pipe section 30. Specifically, the emergency valve can be the one disclosed in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, or Embodiment 3. Figure 5 Taking the emergency valve disclosed in Embodiment 3 as an example, specifically, the first pipe section 1 and the straight pipe section 31 of the emergency valve are fixedly connected, and the upper opening of the first pipe section 1 is connected to the lower opening of the straight pipe section 31. Figure 6 The image shows the state of the emergency valve when the ship tilts at a large angle. The top ball 15 is already located at the edge of the convex part 24. At this time, the valve disc 7 is pressed against the valve seat 8, sealing the first vent hole 9.

[0064] The movement process of push rod 21 and valve disc 7 is analyzed from the perspective of force:

[0065] like Figure 7 As shown, the center of the rotating ball 20 is denoted as point O; the center of the top ball 15 is denoted as point B; the center of the convex part 24 is denoted as point C; the center of the counterweight 22 is denoted as point A; after the top ball 15 swings and contacts the convex part 24, the point of contact between the top ball 15 and the convex part 24 is denoted as point E; the perpendicular position of point E to the central axis is denoted as point D; the radius of the convex part 24 is denoted as R; the radius of the top ball 15 is denoted as r; the distance between the center of the rotating ball 20 and the center of the top ball 15 is denoted as l; the depth of the concave part 23 at its maximum concavity is denoted as d; the tilt angle of the top rod 21 after swinging is denoted as θ; the offset angle of the line connecting the centers of the top ball 15 and the convex part 24 relative to the central axis is denoted as α; the distance between the valve disc 7 and the valve seat 8 when the valve disc 7 is at its maximum lift is denoted as h.

[0066] From the diagram, we can deduce that OB = l and BC = R + r. In triangle BOC, by the Law of Sines, we can conclude that:

[0067]

[0068] Right now:

[0069]

[0070] Therefore, we can obtain:

[0071] Equation ①: sinα=lsinθ / (R+r)

[0072] OD=OBcosθ+(BC-EC)cosα=lcosθ+rcosα

[0073] Valve disc 7 lift h refers to the height when the top ball 15 lifts the top plate 14 to its highest position (e.g., Figure 7 (As shown on the left side), subtract the maximum offset angle of the top ball 15 when the top ball 15 lifts the top plate 14; this is the lowest position height (as shown on the left side). Figure 7 (The state shown on the right side of the middle):

[0074] Equation ② can be obtained:

[0075] h=(OB+rd)-OD=(l+rd)-(lcosθ+rcosα)=l(1-cosθ)+r(1-cosα)-d

[0076] The maximum tilt angle θ of the push rod 21 is taken from the ship inspection specifications. After the radius R of the convex part 24 and the radius r of the top ball 15 are determined, the swing radius l of the top ball 15 can be adjusted by the first adjusting member. Then, the lift h of the valve disc 7 can be obtained by the above formula.

[0077] like Figure 8 As shown, after the ball 15 swings, it is located inside the concave portion 23. The two ends of the concave portion 23 are denoted as points G and H, respectively. The force exerted on the ball 15 by the concave portion 23 is denoted as... The force on counterweight 22 is denoted as

[0078] The concave portion 23 is designed to facilitate the interaction between the concave portion 23 and the top ball 15 during small-angle rolling of the ship under normal conditions. The direction of the torque vector relative to the center of rotation of the rotating sphere 20 is the same as the direction of the torque vector of the gravity of the counterweight 22 relative to the center of rotation of the rotating sphere 20, that is, simultaneously: They can work together to push the top ball 15 back to the center of the concave part 23, and lift the valve plate 7 to the maximum lift h.

[0079] like Figure 9 As shown, after the top ball 15 swings, it contacts the convex part 24. The point where the top ball 15 contacts the convex part 24 is recorded as point E. The perpendicular position of point E to the central axis is recorded as point D. The preload of the spring 6 on the valve disc 7 is recorded as F.

[0080] The ball joint 20 is connected between the first mounting plate 16 and the third mounting plate 18 by a ball joint. Although the counterweight 22 can swing in three-dimensional space, its swing position at a certain moment is taken for calculation. At this time, the push rod 21, the push ball 15 on it, and the counterweight 22 are all moving in the same plane. When the angle of inclination is less than the maximum allowable angle of inclination θ, the counterweight 22 will try to return to the initial position of the central axis to lift the valve disc 7 to the maximum lift h. Therefore: Formula ③ can be obtained:

[0081] Because the valve stem 13 is laterally constrained by the swing of the valve seat 8, it can only reciprocate along its own axis. Figure 9 From the axial force balance condition of valve stem 13 (ignoring its own weight), we can obtain: The answer can be found from equation ③.

[0082] At the maximum tilt angle θ, the valve disc 7 moves downward and, under the preload of the spring 6, presses against the valve seat 8, sealing the first vent hole 9 and effectively preventing external water from entering the sealed chamber 32. The preload of the spring 6 is: The pre-compression length of spring 6 is set to ΔH. Using Hooke's Law: F = kΔH, the main parameters of spring 6 can be determined: the spring constant. This allows us to determine the appropriate spring specification (6).

[0083] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emergency valve for ship vent pipes, characterized in that: The system includes a sealing section and a support section for supporting the sealing section. The sealing section includes a valve seat, a first vent hole on the valve seat, a valve disc for closing the first vent hole, and a valve stem connected to the valve disc for driving the valve disc to move. The valve stem is slidably connected to the valve seat or the valve stem and valve seat are in clearance fit. The end of the valve stem facing away from the valve disc is provided with a top plate. The support section is used to support the top plate and includes a first mounting plate, a push rod with its middle ball hinged to the first mounting plate, a top ball installed at the end of the push rod for contact with the top plate, and a counterweight installed at the other end of the push rod. The side of the top plate facing the top ball is provided with a spherical surface that cooperates with the top ball. An elastic element is connected to the end of the valve disc facing away from the valve stem. The sealing section also includes a second mounting plate for installing the elastic element. The elastic element is detachably connected to the second mounting plate. A second vent hole is provided on the second mounting plate. When the ship is sailing normally, the push rod vertically pushes the top plate upward, so that there is a gap between the valve disc and the valve seat, and the space inside the sealed compartment can be connected to the outside through the first vent hole.

2. The emergency valve for ship vent pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical surface is either concave or convex, and the radius of the spherical surface is greater than the radius of the top sphere.

3. The emergency valve for ship vent pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical surface includes a convex portion and a concave portion located in the middle of the convex portion. The concave portion faces the top sphere, and the radius of the concave portion is greater than the radius of the top sphere.

4. The emergency valve for ship vent pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve disc and valve stem are detachably connected.

5. The emergency valve for ship vent pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring is installed on the valve seat, and the first vent hole is located inside the sealing ring. The projection of the sealing ring on the valve disc is located inside the valve disc.

6. The emergency valve for ship vent pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support also includes a first adjusting member for adjusting the position of the top ball on the top rod and a second adjusting member for adjusting the position of the counterweight on the top rod.

7. The emergency valve for ship vent pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing part includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section that are interconnected. A second mounting plate is fixed on the first pipe section, and a valve seat is installed inside the second pipe section. The first pipe section, the second pipe section, and the first mounting plate are detachably connected in sequence.

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