Angular contact ball bearing convexity measuring device and measuring method

Abstract

The application relates to a convexity measuring device and method of angular contact ball bearing, which comprises a base, a measuring table, a reference block, a pressing block, a bearing clamping mechanism, a load loading mechanism and a measuring mechanism; the measuring table is arranged on the upper end of the base; the bearing clamping mechanism is clamped to the inner ring of the bearing to be measured through a workpiece positioning shaft and a sleeve lock nut; the bearing clamping mechanism is arranged in the top mounting hole of the measuring table and makes the lower end of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured contact with the bottom surface of the middle hole of the mounting hole; the reference block is fixed in the upper hole of the mounting hole through a plurality of pressing blocks and is pressed against the upper end surface of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured; the load loading mechanism is composed of a precision displacement table, an L-shaped adapter plate connected to the precision displacement table, a force sensor fixed on the L-shaped adapter plate, a spring positioning shaft connected to the upper end of the force sensor and a precision spring sleeved on the spring positioning shaft; the upper end of the precision spring is pressed on the spring positioning surface on the workpiece positioning shaft. The application does not need to replace the standard block and can realize continuous load loading.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bearing measurement, in particular to a convexity measurement device and method for angular contact ball bearings. BACKGROUND

[0002] Early convexity measurement of angular contact ball bearings adopts dynamic measurement, uses air bearing to support and guide, loads, and measures the end face convexity of the bearing under certain load conditions. In the article "T6912 Bearing Convexity Measuring Instrument" in the "Bearing" magazine in 1992, an external air source is used as power to support the suspended bearing, and a standard piece is used for zero measurement. The standard piece is replaced by the bearing to be measured, and the test results are obtained by comparison. Due to the complex structure of the device, the large occupied volume, and the influence of air source quality and pressure fluctuation, the device cannot be effectively applied on site.

[0003] In recent years, in order to solve the above problems, a small volume, simple operation, and simple structure measuring device without any power source such as electricity and gas has appeared. The measuring devices disclosed in Chinese invention patent application publication CN214372110U, CN201285268Y and CN214199907U are small in structure, simple in operation.

[0004] The measuring device disclosed in Chinese invention patent application publication CN214199907U is composed of a limiting device, a load mechanism, a support base and a measuring mechanism. The bearing is installed on the support base through the limiting device, a measuring rod is placed at the lower end face of the bearing, and the other end of the measuring rod is in contact with the measuring head of the measuring instrument. During measurement, a certain weight of simulation block is used to apply load to the inner ring of the bearing, and the convexity measurement value is read out by the measuring instrument.

[0005] The convexity measurement device for angular contact ball bearings with an outer diameter of 10mm or less disclosed in Chinese invention patent application publication CN214372110U is composed of a platform, an inner and outer measuring load; the platform is provided with a base and a measuring table rack; the measuring rack is provided with a dial gauge; the base is provided with a convex column for installing the bearing to be measured; the inner ring of the bearing is provided with an inner measuring load; and the outer ring of the bearing is provided with an outer measuring load. The device does not require any power source such as electricity and gas, and a standard piece. Different weights of load blocks are directly pressed on the bearing to load the bearing with the weight of the load block. The convexity value of the bearing is measured by measuring the inner and outer rings of the bearing respectively.

[0006] The measuring device with pre-load ≤10N is disclosed in the Chinese patent application publication CN201285268Y. The device comprises a platform, a standard block and a load block. The platform is provided with a base and a magnetic table frame, and the base is provided with a guide sleeve fastened by a screw. The guide sleeve is loaded with the standard block or the bearing to be measured, and the load block is arranged thereon. The actual height deviation of the standard block and the actual height deviation of the inner ring of the bearing to be measured are measured by comparison. Then the standard block and the load block are removed, the bearing to be measured is replaced, and the actual height deviation under pre-load is measured by pressing the load block.

[0007] The above three prior arts are not provided with external electric driving and power loading devices, so the structure is greatly simplified. However, the prior arts are not convenient enough in use. The standard block and the load block need to be replaced in the measuring process, and the continuity of load loading is poor. Especially, the state in the measuring process is inconsistent with the actual use state. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a convexity measuring device and a measuring method for angular contact ball bearings, which are simple in structure, do not need to replace the standard block, can realize continuous loading of load, and are consistent with the actual use state.

[0009] One of the above purposes of the present application is achieved by the following technical scheme:

[0010] A convexity measuring device for angular contact ball bearings, characterized in that it comprises a base, a measuring table, a reference block, a pressing block, a bearing clamping mechanism, a load loading mechanism and a measuring mechanism.

[0011] The measuring table is arranged on the upper end of the base and is in the form of a plate shell structure with an installation cavity arranged inside and an open front side and bottom. An installation hole is arranged at the middle position of the top of the measuring table, and the installation hole is a three-step hole composed of an upper hole, a middle hole and a lower hole.

[0012] The bearing clamping mechanism is composed of a workpiece positioning shaft and a sleeve-shaped lock nut. The middle upper part of the workpiece positioning shaft is provided with a bearing positioning surface, and the upper end of the workpiece positioning shaft is provided with an external thread. The middle lower part of the workpiece positioning shaft is provided with a spring positioning surface. The sleeve-shaped lock nut is in the form of a nut structure with a flat bottom arranged at the upper end. The sleeve-shaped lock nut is connected to the upper end of the workpiece positioning shaft from top to bottom by thread cooperation, so that the bearing to be measured is fixed between the lower end of the sleeve-shaped lock nut and the bearing positioning surface in a manner that the inner ring is clamped and positioned.

[0013] The bearing clamping mechanism is arranged in the installation hole on the measuring table from top to bottom, so that the lower end of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured is in contact with the bottom surface of the middle hole.

[0014] The reference block is a flange plate structure with a center hole, the reference block is coaxially arranged in the upper hole, the center hole of the reference block is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve lock nut, and the upper end surface of the reference block is located on the same plane as the upper end surface of the sleeve lock nut;

[0015] The lower end surface of the reference block is in contact with the upper end surface of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured; a plurality of pressing blocks are arranged at the periphery of the reference block, the inner end of the pressing block is in contact with the upper end surface of the flange part of the reference block, the outer end of the pressing block is in contact with the top surface of the measuring table, and the middle part of the pressing block is fixedly connected with the top of the measuring table through mounting screws;

[0016] The load loading mechanism is integrally installed in the mounting cavity of the measuring table and is composed of a precision displacement table, a force sensor, a precision spring, a spring positioning shaft and an L-shaped adapter plate; the precision displacement table is vertically arranged, and the guide rail of the precision displacement table is fixed on the rear side wall of the measuring table; the vertical plate part of the L-shaped adapter plate is fixedly connected with the front side of the sliding block of the precision displacement table; the force sensor is arranged on the upper end of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped adapter plate, the lower end of the force sensor is fixedly connected with the horizontal plate of the L-shaped adapter plate, and the upper end of the force sensor is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring positioning shaft; the lower part of the precision spring is sleeved with the upper part of the spring positioning shaft; the upper part of the precision spring is sleeved with the lower part of the workpiece positioning shaft, and the upper end of the precision spring is in pressing contact with the spring positioning surface; the force sensor is connected with an external display screen;

[0017] The measuring mechanism is composed of a measuring instrument and an instrument rack, and the measuring instrument is installed on the instrument rack in a manner that the measuring head faces downward.

[0018] Moreover, the workpiece positioning shaft is a stepped shaft composed of four sections from top to bottom, the outer diameter of the first shaft section is consistent with the inner diameter of the bearing to be measured, the outer diameter of the second shaft section is greater than that of the first shaft section and less than or equal to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing to be measured, the outer diameter of the third shaft section is greater than that of the second shaft section, and the outer diameter of the fourth shaft section is less than that of the third shaft section; wherein, the transition plane between the first shaft section and the second shaft section is the bearing positioning surface.

[0019] Moreover, the pressing block is a T-shaped block structure, the inner and outer side surfaces of the upper block are both arc surfaces, the diameter of the outer arc surface of the upper block is greater than that of the upper hole of the measuring table, and the diameter of the inner arc surface of the upper block is less than the outer diameter of the lower flange part of the reference block; the inner and outer side surfaces of the lower block are both arc surfaces, the diameter of the outer arc surface of the lower block is consistent with that of the upper hole of the measuring table, and the diameter of the inner arc surface of the lower block is consistent with the outer diameter of the lower flange part of the reference block; the upper end of the flange part of the reference block is provided with an outer annular recess, the outer annular recess is in pressing contact with the inner lower surface of the upper block of the pressing block, and the gap between the inner arc surface of the lower block of the pressing block and the outer surface of the lower flange part of the reference block is less than 0.01 mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the instrument stand is composed of a vertical rod and a horizontal rod; the vertical rod is vertically fixed on the upper end of the base and located on one side of the measuring table; one end of the horizontal rod is vertically fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertical rod in an up-down adjustable manner.

[0021] The second purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0022] A measuring method based on the protrusion measuring device of the angular contact ball bearing, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: clamp the measured bearing into the bearing clamping mechanism, and then into the middle mounting hole on the measuring table;

[0024] Step 2: install the reference block, press the reference block through multiple pressing blocks and screws, and measure the level of the reference block through multiple different points on the upper end of the reference block, and adjust the level to make the runout 0 um;

[0025] Step 3: move the precision displacement table, transfer the loading force to the force sensor through the precision spring, and display the value of the measuring instrument under different loading forces on the external display screen, which is the protrusion value; wherein a positive value indicates that the outer ring of the bearing protrudes the inner ring, and a negative value indicates that the inner ring of the bearing protrudes the outer ring.

[0026] The present application has the advantages and positive effects:

[0027] 1. The load loading mechanism in the present application can realize continuous loading of the load by operating the displacement sensor, solving the problem of frequent replacement of the load block (i.e. the loading block) in the prior art.

[0028] 2. The reference block and the lock nut in the present application are at the same height and are in close contact with the two sleeves of the measured bearing, respectively, and the protrusion can be directly measured through the end face runout of the two, thereby solving the problem of replacing the standard block and the load block in the prior art.

[0029] 3. The bearing clamping device and the pressing block locking mechanism in the present application make the state of the measured bearing during measurement consistent with the state during actual use, meeting the requirements of the bearing axial fixation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall appearance of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the upper part of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the bearing clamping mechanism of the application;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the load loading mechanism of the application DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The structure of the application is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and by examples. It should be noted that the examples are descriptive rather than limiting.

[0036] A convexity measuring device for angular contact ball bearings, please see Figures 1-5 The invention point is:

[0037] It comprises a base 1, a measuring table 2, a reference block 3, a pressing block 4, a bearing clamping mechanism 7, a load loading mechanism 6 and a measuring mechanism 5.

[0038] The upper end face of the base is the reference surface for positioning the measuring table.

[0039] The measuring table is placed on the upper end face of the base and does not need to be fixed with the base. It is used to install the reference block, the pressing block, the bearing clamping mechanism and the load loading mechanism. The measuring table is a plate shell structure with an installation cavity inside and an open front side and bottom. An installation hole is provided in the middle of the top of the measuring table. The installation hole is a three-step hole composed of an upper hole, a middle hole and a lower hole. The hole diameters of the three holes decrease from top to bottom. The hole diameter of the upper hole is larger than the outer diameter of the standard hole, and a plurality of threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction at the bottom of the upper hole. The hole diameter of the middle hole matches the outer diameter of the bearing to be measured, and the hole diameter of the lower hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured and larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing to be measured.

[0040] The bearing clamping mechanism is used to install the bearing to be measured 8 and comprises a workpiece positioning shaft 7.2 and a sleeve lock nut 7.1. The workpiece positioning shaft is a stepped shaft composed of four segments from top to bottom. From top to bottom, the outer diameter of the first shaft segment is consistent with the inner diameter of the bearing to be measured, the outer diameter of the second shaft segment is larger than the outer diameter of the first shaft end and smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing to be measured, the outer diameter of the third shaft end is larger than the outer diameter of the second shaft segment, and the outer diameter of the fourth shaft segment is smaller than the outer diameter of the third shaft segment. The transition plane between the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment is the bearing positioning surface. The upper end of the first shaft segment is provided with external threads for connection with the sleeve lock nut. The sleeve lock nut is a nut structure with a flat bottom at the upper end, and the outer diameter of the sleeve lock nut is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured. The sleeve lock nut is connected to the upper part of the first shaft segment of the workpiece positioning shaft from top to bottom through threads, so that the bearing to be measured is clamped and fixed between the lower end of the sleeve lock nut and the above-mentioned bearing positioning surface.

[0041] The reference block is a flange plate structure with a center hole, the upper end of the reference block is the reference surface for measurement, and the lower end surface of the reference block is used to press against the upper end surface of the outer ring of the bearing to be measured. The reference block is coaxially arranged in the upper hole of the mounting hole of the measuring table. The pressing block is used to press and fix the reference block on the measuring table. The pressing block is arranged on the periphery of the reference block along the circumference, the inner end of the pressing block is in contact with the upper end surface of the flange part of the reference block, the outer end of the pressing block is in contact with the top surface of the measuring table, a screw passing hole is arranged on the middle part of the pressing block, a screw is passed through the screw passing hole, and the pressing block is press-fitted and fixed through the threaded hole at the bottom of the upper hole of the mounting hole.

[0042] The preferred mode of cooperation of the pressing block, the reference block and the measuring table is as follows:

[0043] The pressing block adopts a T-shaped block structure, the inner and outer surfaces of the upper block of the pressing block are both arc surfaces, the diameter of the outer arc surface is greater than the diameter of the upper hole of the measuring table, and the diameter of the inner arc surface is less than the outer diameter of the lower flange part of the reference block. The inner and outer surfaces of the lower block of the pressing block are both arc surfaces, the diameter of the outer arc surface is consistent with the diameter of the upper hole of the measuring table, and the diameter of the inner arc surface is consistent with the outer diameter of the lower flange part of the reference block. Corresponding to the design structure of the pressing block, the upper end of the flange part of the reference block is provided with an outer annular recess, which is used to be in contact with the inner end lower surface of the upper block of the pressing block, so as to press the standard block. After the pressing block presses the reference block, the gap between the inner arc surface of the lower block of the pressing block and the outer surface of the lower flange part of the reference block is less than 0.01 mm, so that the center positioning of the reference block is realized through the arrangement of a plurality of pressing blocks.

[0044] The load loading mechanism is used to apply an upward loading force to the inner ring of the bearing to be measured, and is arranged in the mounting cavity of the measuring table. It mainly consists of a precision displacement table 6.5, a force sensor 6.3, a precision spring 6.1, a spring positioning shaft 6.2 and an L-shaped adapter plate 6.4. The precision displacement table is arranged vertically, the guide rail of the precision displacement table is fixed on the rear side wall of the measuring table, and the sliding block of the precision displacement table is installed on the front side of the guide rail in a movable manner through a precision screw nut transmission mechanism driven by a servo motor. The vertical plate part of the L-shaped adapter plate is fixedly connected with the front side of the sliding block of the precision displacement table, and the L-shaped adapter plate can move up and down through the movement of the sliding block. The force sensor is arranged on the upper end of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped adapter plate, the lower end of the force sensor is fixedly connected with the horizontal plate of the L-shaped adapter plate through a screw 6.6, and the upper end of the force sensor is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring positioning shaft through screw cooperation. The lower part of the precision spring is sleeved with the upper part of the spring positioning shaft to realize the positioning of the spring. The upper part of the precision spring is used to be in contact with the lower end surface of the third shaft segment of the workpiece positioning shaft, so as to realize the transmission of the loading force to the inner ring of the bearing to be measured.

[0045] The measuring mechanism comprises a measuring instrument 5.3 and an instrument frame. The instrument frame is composed of a vertical rod 5.1 and a horizontal rod 5.2. The vertical rod is vertically fixed on the upper end of the base and located on one side of the measuring table. One end of the horizontal rod is vertically fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical rod in an up-and-down adjustable manner. The connection can be achieved in the following manner: a mounting hole matching the shape of the vertical rod is arranged on one end of the horizontal rod, at least one fixing screw mounting hole is arranged on the side wall of the mounting hole, the horizontal rod is sleeved on the upper end of the vertical rod through the mounting hole, and a fixing screw is screwed in the fixing screw mounting hole to fix the horizontal rod on the vertical rod. The measuring instrument is vertically fixedly installed on the other end of the horizontal rod with the measuring end facing outward. During installation of the measuring device, the measuring instrument is used to measure the leveling of the reference block. During measurement of the bearing, the measuring instrument is used to measure the protrusion.

[0046] The operation process of the application for measuring the protrusion of the angular contact ball bearing is as follows:

[0047] The measured bearing is clamped into the bearing clamping mechanism, and then is loaded into the middle mounting hole on the measuring table. The reference block is loaded, the reference block is pressed by multiple pressing blocks and screws, the horizontal state of the reference block is measured by multiple different points on the upper end of the measuring instrument and the reference block, and the leveling is performed to make the runout 0 um. At this time, the outer ring of the measured bearing is fixedly pressed from above and below by the lower end surface of the reference block and the bottom surface of the middle hole of the mounting hole of the measuring table. In addition, the upper end of the sleeve lock nut is located on the same plane as the upper end of the reference block. In addition, the fourth shaft end of the workpiece positioning shaft is inserted and assembled with the precision spring, and the lower end of the third shaft end is in contact with the upper end of the precision spring. Then, the precision displacement table is moved, the loading force is transmitted to the force sensor through the precision spring, and the display on the external display screen is displayed. At this time, the measuring instrument is pointed at the center of the upper end of the sleeve lock nut, and the values of the measuring instrument under different loading forces are recorded, which are the protrusion values. The positive value indicates that the outer ring of the bearing protrudes the inner ring, and the negative value indicates that the inner ring of the bearing protrudes the outer ring.

[0048] Although the embodiments and drawings of the application are disclosed for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art can understand that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the application and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the application is not limited to the disclosed contents of the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the protrusion of an angular contact ball bearing, characterized in that: It includes a base, measuring platform, reference block, pressure block, bearing clamping mechanism, load loading mechanism and measuring mechanism; The measuring platform is placed on the upper end of the base. The measuring platform is a plate shell structure with an internal mounting cavity and an open front and bottom. A mounting hole is provided in the middle of the top of the measuring platform. The mounting hole is a three-step hole consisting of an upper hole, a middle hole and a lower hole. The bearing clamping mechanism consists of a workpiece positioning shaft and a sleeve-shaped lock nut. The upper middle part of the workpiece positioning shaft is provided with a bearing positioning surface, and the upper end of the workpiece positioning shaft is provided with an external thread. The lower middle part of the workpiece positioning shaft is provided with a spring positioning surface. The sleeve-shaped lock nut is a nut structure with a flat bottom at the upper end. The sleeve-shaped lock nut is connected to the upper end of the workpiece positioning shaft from top to bottom through a threaded connection, so that the bearing to be tested is fixed between the lower end of the sleeve-shaped lock nut and the bearing positioning surface by clamping and positioning the inner ring. The bearing clamping mechanism is inserted into the mounting hole on the measuring table from top to bottom, so that the lower end of the outer ring of the bearing to be tested contacts the bottom surface of the intermediate hole; The reference block is a flange structure with a central hole. The reference block is coaxially disposed in the upper hole, so that the central hole of the reference block is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve-shaped lock nut, and the upper end face of the reference block and the upper end face of the sleeve-shaped lock nut are on the same plane. The lower end face of the reference block contacts the upper end face of the outer ring of the bearing to be tested; several pressure blocks are evenly distributed around the periphery of the reference block, the inner end of the pressure block contacts the upper end face of the flange of the reference block, the outer end of the pressure block contacts the top surface of the measuring table, and the middle part of the pressure block is fixedly connected to the top of the measuring table by mounting screws. The load loading mechanism is integrally installed in the mounting cavity of the measuring table, and consists of a precision displacement stage, a force sensor, a precision spring, a spring positioning shaft, and an L-shaped adapter plate. The precision displacement stage is vertically arranged, and its guide rail is fixed to the rear side wall of the measuring table. The vertical plate of the L-shaped adapter plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the slider of the precision displacement stage. The force sensor is installed at the upper end of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped adapter plate, with its lower end fixedly connected to the horizontal plate and its upper end fixedly connected to the lower end of the spring positioning shaft. The lower part of the precision spring is fitted into the upper part of the spring positioning shaft. The upper part of the precision spring is fitted into the lower part of the workpiece positioning shaft, and the upper end of the precision spring forms a pressing contact with the spring positioning surface. The force sensor is connected to an external display screen. The measuring mechanism consists of a measuring instrument and an instrument frame, with the measuring instrument mounted on the instrument frame with the measuring head facing downwards.

2. The angular contact ball bearing protrusion measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece positioning shaft is a stepped shaft composed of four segments. From top to bottom, the outer diameter of the first shaft segment is the same as the inner diameter of the bearing to be tested, the outer diameter of the second shaft segment is greater than the outer diameter of the first shaft end and less than or equal to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing to be tested, the outer diameter of the third shaft end is greater than the outer diameter of the second shaft segment, and the outer diameter of the fourth shaft segment is less than the outer diameter of the third shaft segment; wherein, the transition plane between the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment is the bearing positioning surface.

3. The angular contact ball bearing protrusion measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure block has a T-shaped structure. The inner and outer sides of the upper part of the pressure block are both arc-shaped. The diameter of the outer arc surface of the upper part is larger than the diameter of the upper hole of the measuring platform, and the diameter of the inner arc surface of the upper part is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower flange of the reference block. The inner and outer sides of the lower part of the pressure block are both arc-shaped. The diameter of the outer arc surface of the lower part is the same as the diameter of the upper hole of the measuring platform, and the diameter of the inner arc surface of the lower part is the same as the outer diameter of the lower flange of the reference block. The upper end of the flange of the reference block is provided with an outer annular recess, which is pressed into contact with the lower inner surface of the upper part of the pressure block. The gap between the inner circular surface of the lower part of the pressure block and the outer side of the lower flange of the reference block is less than 0.01 mm.

4. The angular contact ball bearing protrusion measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The instrument frame consists of a vertical pole and a horizontal bar; the vertical pole is fixed vertically to the upper end of the base on one side of the measuring platform; one end of the horizontal bar is vertically fixed to the upper end of the vertical pole in an adjustable manner.

5. A method for measuring the protrusion of an angular contact ball bearing based on the measuring device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Clamp the bearing to be tested into the bearing clamping mechanism, and then insert it into the middle mounting hole on the measuring table; Step 2: Install the reference block, press the reference block with multiple pressure blocks and screws, and measure the horizontal state of the reference block by contacting multiple different points on the upper end of the reference block with the measuring instrument, and adjust the level so that the runout is 0um. Step 3: Move the precision displacement stage, and transmit the applied force to the force sensor through the precision spring. The force is displayed on the external display screen. Record the values ​​of the measuring instrument under different applied forces, which are the protrusion values. A positive value indicates that the outer ring of the bearing protrudes from the inner ring, and a negative value indicates that the inner ring of the bearing protrudes from the outer ring.

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