A high energy laser engulfer

Abstract

The application discloses a high-energy laser phagocytosis device, which comprises a cavity and an array sheet assembly, the cavity comprises an absorption cavity inside, the top surface of the cavity is a detachable cover plate, and the bottom surface of the cavity is a detachable bottom plate; the array sheet assembly comprises a first array sheet and a second array sheet, the first array sheet and the second array sheet each comprise a plurality of rectangular sheets arranged in parallel, one corner of the projection of the first array sheet is connected with one corner of the projection of the second array sheet, and adjacent edges of the projections form a wedge-shaped phagocytosis cavity; a laser incidence hole is arranged on the cavity and faces the wedge-shaped phagocytosis cavity; the wedge-shaped phagocytosis cavity serves as a main extinction structure, a slit structure is formed between the plurality of rectangular sheets, meanwhile, large-angle backscattering light at the entrance of the slit is reflected by the adjacent rectangular sheets into the second array sheet, and then multiple reflection absorption between the slit or the array sheets is utilized to perform maximum phagocytosis extinction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser experiments, and more specifically to a high-energy laser devourer. Background Technology

[0002] High-energy lasers are widely used in industry and scientific research, and how to handle residual laser energy is a practical problem faced in these applications. For example, in fusion research, high-energy lasers can be used to diagnose the electron temperature density of high-temperature plasmas. The principle is that the laser causes Thomson scattering of electrons, and the electron temperature density of the plasma can be calculated by measuring the spectral energy of the scattered light. The energy of such lasers can reach several joules, equivalent to an instantaneous power of up to megawatts, which is 10 times higher than the scattered signal being diagnosed. 17～18 On the one hand, such a high-energy laser can easily damage the device; on the other hand, stray light from any point in the main beam will far exceed the detection limit of the scattered light detection system.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to absorb and extinct the main beam to minimize the impact on the acquisition of scattered signals and to avoid damage to the device and safety hazards.

[0004] Specifically, there are currently two main approaches to dealing with the main beam's engulfment.

[0005] One type involves the light beam being extinguished by multiple reflections at a distant point when it passes through the device, or being emitted as far as possible to avoid producing reflected light.

[0006] One type is used when the laser beam cannot pass through the device, requiring an absorbing component to be installed inside the device to absorb and extinct the laser. Some designs use multi-piece bent slits or wedge-shaped (serrated) absorbing structures.

[0007] These two types of structures are typically fabricated in a single process or welded together. The absorption and extinction effect is closely related to the specific angle and direction of the structure. Although these structures can absorb a considerable amount of the main beam, strong back reflection and scattering still occur because the beam strikes the thin metal structure directly. This significantly affects the diagnosis of scattered signals at large angles, and the metal structure is prone to damage and difficult to replace. Furthermore, the height of the absorber in most devices is limited after installation, which further restricts the depth of multi-piece bent slit structures or wedge-shaped structures, resulting in a poorer absorption effect. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the absorption effect of high-energy lasers is poor at present. The purpose is to provide a high-energy laser absorber that solves the problem of processing the remaining high-energy lasers.

[0009] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] A high-energy laser devourer, comprising:

[0011] The cavity includes an absorption chamber inside, the top surface of the cavity is a removable cover plate, and the bottom surface of the cavity is a removable base plate;

[0012] An array sheet assembly is disposed within the absorption cavity, and the array sheet assembly is detachably connected to the cover plate and the base plate; the array sheet assembly includes a first array sheet and a second array sheet, both of which include a plurality of parallel rectangular sheets, and the projections of the first array sheet and the second array sheet onto the base plate are both quadrilaterals;

[0013] One corner of the projection of the first array sheet connects with one corner of the projection of the second array sheet, and the adjacent sides of the projection form a wedge-shaped swallowing cavity;

[0014] The cavity is provided with a laser entrance aperture facing the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity.

[0015] Specifically, the swallower also includes:

[0016] The upper array slot is detachably connected to the lower side of the cover plate, and the upper array slot is provided with an upper fixing slot corresponding to the upper end face of the array sheet assembly.

[0017] The lower array slot is detachably connected to the upper side of the base plate, and the lower array slot is provided with a lower fixing slot corresponding to the lower end face of the array sheet assembly.

[0018] There are multiple upper fixing slots and multiple lower fixing slots, which are arranged corresponding to the multiple rectangular pieces of the first array sheet and the second array sheet.

[0019] Specifically, the projection of the first array sheet is a parallelogram, the projection of the second array sheet is a rectangle, and the incident direction of the high-energy laser is parallel to the first side of the base plate and the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity, the first side belonging to the second array sheet.

[0020] Specifically, the cavity also includes a reflective cavity that communicates with the absorption cavity, and the reflective cavity is located at the opening of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity;

[0021] The swallower further includes: a dielectric film reflector and a reflector support seat disposed in the reflective cavity, wherein the dielectric film reflector is fixed by the reflector support seat;

[0022] The cover plate is provided with an inlet constraint pipe facing the dielectric film reflector;

[0023] The angle between the lower side of the dielectric film reflector and the base plate is an acute angle.

[0024] Optionally, the reflector support is detachably connected to the upper side of the base plate, and the inlet constraint pipe is detachably connected to the cover plate.

[0025] Optionally, the reflectivity of the dielectric film mirror is greater than 99.5%, the dielectric film mirror is a plane mirror or a convex mirror, and the included angle of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity is 45°.

[0026] Optionally, the sidewall of the cavity is provided with a vent hole for evacuating the absorption cavity, and the inner side of the absorption cavity and the inner side of the inlet constraint tube are treated with blackening.

[0027] Optionally, a mounting base is connected to the lower side of the base plate, and the mounting base is provided with mounting screws for assembly.

[0028] Optionally, the size of the upper array slot matches the upper side of the absorption cavity, and the size of the lower array slot matches the lower side of the absorption cavity.

[0029] Optionally, the incident direction of the high-energy laser intersects with the mirror surface of the dielectric film reflector, and after being reflected by the dielectric film reflector, the direction in which the high-energy laser enters the swallowing cavity is parallel to the base plate and the first side of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity, the first side belonging to the second array sheet.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0031] This invention utilizes a wedge-shaped absorbing cavity formed by a first array of thin sheets and a second array of thin sheets. The wedge-shaped absorbing cavity serves as the main extinction structure. A slit structure is formed between multiple rectangular thin sheets in the first and second arrays. Simultaneously, large-angle backscattered light at the slit entrance is reflected by adjacent rectangular thin sheets and enters the second array of thin sheets. Then, the absorbing and extinction are maximized by utilizing the slits in the first array of thin sheets or the multiple reflections and absorptions between the first and second arrays. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the principles of the invention. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the array thin-film assembly according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a high-energy laser devourer according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a high-energy laser devourer according to the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals: 1-Cavity, 11-Laser injection hole, 12-Cover plate, 13-Base plate, 2-Array thin film assembly, 3-Dielectric film reflector, 31-Reflector support, 4-Upper array slot, 5-Lower array slot, 6-Inlet constraint pipe, 7-Mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0038] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] The technical problems existing in the prior art are as follows:

[0043] How to minimize backscattering and reflection of laser irradiation through the design of extinction structures.

[0044] How to select and process materials for laser applications.

[0045] How to take into account the maintainability and the possibility of replacing parts for long-term use.

[0046] How to improve the applicability of the phagocytometer through design and usage: installation method, angle and direction, spot size, etc.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this embodiment provides, as shown in example 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The high-energy laser devourer shown includes a cavity 1 and an array of thin-film assemblies. The cavity 1 consists of an attached... Figure 3 It is formed by combining A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, and A9.

[0049] The cavity 1 includes an absorption cavity, a removable cover plate 12 on the top surface of the cavity 1, a removable base plate 13 on the bottom surface of the cavity 1, and spliced ​​side plates. The structure is not specifically specified, as long as it can achieve the following functions: sealing the extinction array and constraining stray light, supporting and fixing the slots, cover plate 12, base plate 13, etc. used to constrain the array sheet.

[0050] The external shape of the cavity 1 surrounding the thin-film array is not the main factor affecting the extinction effect of the phagocytizer of this structure. It can be changed according to requirements. The overall height can be changed according to external requirements, laser beam size, mirror angle, thickness and size.

[0051] The array thin-film assembly is disposed within the absorption cavity, and the array thin-film assembly is detachably connected to the cover plate 12 and the base plate 13; for example Figure 1 As shown, the array sheet assembly includes a first array sheet and a second array sheet. Both the first array sheet and the second array sheet include multiple parallel rectangular sheets, and the projections of the first array sheet and the second array sheet on the base plate 13 are quadrilaterals. One corner of the projection of the first array sheet is connected to one corner of the projection of the second array sheet, and the adjacent sides of the projections form a wedge-shaped swallowing cavity.

[0052] When the above-mentioned structure, as the core extinction structure, is directly applied to the absorption of high-energy lasers, the first array thin plate and the second array thin plate form a certain acute angle. Both the first array thin plate and the second array thin plate are composed of rectangular thin plates. Theoretically, the incident laser can enter the slit structure of the first array thin plate 100%. At the same time, the large-angle backscattered light at the slit entrance will be reflected by the adjacent rectangular thin plates and enter the second array thin plate. Then, the slit of the second array thin plate or the multiple reflections and absorptions between the first array thin plate and the second array thin plate are used to achieve the maximum absorption and extinction.

[0053] In order for the high-energy laser to enter the first array sheet, the cavity 1 is provided with a laser entrance hole 2 facing the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity, and the projection of the first array sheet is a parallelogram, the projection of the second array sheet is a rectangle, and the incident direction of the high-energy laser is parallel to the base plate 13 and the first side of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity, the first side belonging to the second array sheet.

[0054] Furthermore, the split wedge-shaped extinction structure, composed of the first and second thin-plate arrays, is the main extinction structure of this laser phagocytother. Its design angle, thin-plate thickness, shape, height, width, and quantity parameters are optimized parameters obtained through simulation. However, these parameters can also be adjusted, such as changing the height, reducing or increasing the number of thin plates, or changing the thin-plate thickness and angle, thereby manufacturing laser phagocytothers of different specifications. Therefore, this section includes split wedge-shaped extinction structures with different wedge angles, wedge lengths, thin-plate numbers, thin-plate shapes, thin-plate thicknesses, and thin-plate heights.

[0055] Therefore, to facilitate modifications, the absorber also includes an upper array slot 4 and a lower array slot 5. The upper array slot 4 is detachably connected to the lower side of the cover plate 12, and the lower array slot 5 is detachably connected to the upper side of the base plate 13. The upper array slot 4 and the lower array slot 5 can be replaced as needed.

[0056] The upper array slot 4 is provided with an upper fixing slot corresponding to the upper end face of the array sheet assembly; the lower array slot 5 is provided with a lower fixing slot corresponding to the lower end face of the array sheet assembly; there are multiple upper fixing slots and lower fixing slots, and they are provided corresponding to multiple rectangular sheets of the first array sheet and the second array sheet.

[0057] That is, during assembly, by replacing the upper array slot 4 and the lower array slot 5, and installing multiple rectangular thin plates into the upper array slot 4 and the lower array slot 5, the array thin plate assembly can be replaced to adapt to different usage environments.

[0058] Therefore, the size of the upper array slot 4 matches the upper side of the absorption cavity, and the size of the lower array slot 5 matches the lower side of the absorption cavity.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Based on Example 1, there is still the problem of directly generating a portion of 180° reflected light and large-angle backscattered light. To address this, the incident method of the laser and the constraint method of stray light were further optimized.

[0061] The cavity 1 is further equipped with a reflective cavity that communicates with the absorption cavity. The reflective cavity is located at the opening of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity.

[0062] The swallower also includes: a dielectric film reflector 3 and a reflector support 31 disposed in the reflector cavity, the dielectric film reflector 3 being fixed by the reflector support 31; an inlet constraint pipe 6 facing the dielectric film reflector 3 is provided on the cover plate 12; the angle between the lower side of the dielectric film reflector 3 and the base plate 13 is an acute angle.

[0063] The extinction array is constrained within a closed space. The laser enters the cavity 1 of this space through a single reflection. During the reflection, a dielectric film reflector 3 is selected to constrain the incident path of the beam. This structure can further prevent most of the backscattered light from the extinction matrix from being reflected out of the cavity 1, returning only a very small portion of reflected light very close to 180° and a little stray light. Simulation calculations show that the intensity of the light that can escape from the cavity 1 is 16-18 orders of magnitude lower than that of the original laser, and the light returning from the original path usually does not affect the measurement system that is at a certain angle to the optical path.

[0064] Furthermore, this design can be matched to different systems by changing the working angle between the dielectric film reflector 3 and the incident channel. Different laser wavelengths can be matched by replacing the dielectric film reflector 3, and different laser beam diameters can be optimized by changing the surface shape of the dielectric film reflector 3. For example, a convex reflector can be used for lasers with smaller beam diameters, while a plane reflector can be used for lasers with larger beam diameters.

[0065] The incident direction of the high-energy laser intersects with the mirror surface of the dielectric film reflector 3, and after being reflected by the dielectric film reflector 3, the direction in which the high-energy laser enters the swallowing cavity is parallel to the first side of the bottom plate 13 and the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity, and the first side belongs to the second array sheet.

[0066] The reflector support 31 is detachably connected to the upper side of the base plate 13, and the inlet constraint pipe 6 is detachably connected to the cover plate 12. The reflectivity of the dielectric film reflector 3 is greater than 99.5%. The dielectric film reflector 3 is a plane mirror or a convex mirror, and the included angle of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity is 45°.

[0067] The laser beam can be matched by replacing the component with one of different diameters. Alternatively, it can be installed inwards or outwards depending on the height requirements. When installed outwards, components of different heights can be used to further optimize the effect.

[0068] The dielectric film reflector 3 has a reflectivity exceeding 99.5% and can be interchanged in terms of surface shape and wavelength to match the absorption requirements of different lasers. Different incident light angles can be matched by replacing this component at different angles.

[0069] A mounting base 7 is connected to the lower side of the base plate 13, and mounting screws for assembly are provided on the mounting base 7. The purpose is to allow this component to conceal and accommodate the protruding mounting screw heads when it is necessary to fix the absorber to a certain plane.

[0070] The above assembly design meets the requirements for maintainability, component replaceability, and applicability of the phagocytogen. The phagocytogen is assembled using standard screws. It should be noted that each threaded mounting hole on the side of the cavity 1 of the phagocytogen has a small vent hole at its bottom. Therefore, this phagocytogen can also meet vacuum requirements, such as in the vacuum chamber of a large magnetic confinement fusion device. When used in a non-vacuum environment, the vent holes do not need to be machined; instead, the surfaces of the cavity 1, cover plate 12, and inlet pipe can be blackened to further improve the laser ablation effect.

[0071] That is, the side wall of cavity 1 is provided with a small vent hole for evacuating the absorption cavity, and the inner side of the absorption cavity and the inner side of the inlet constraint tube are blackened.

[0072] Compared to existing technologies, this application provides a separate wedge-shaped slit structure as the core extinction structure of the phagocytizer. Two sets of arrayed thin sheets are combined at a certain angle to form a wedge-shaped space, serving as a wedge-shaped phagocytic cavity.

[0073] The traditional wedge-shaped extinction structure is transformed into a split wedge-shaped slit structure. This causes the laser light to undergo multiple reflections and scatterings within the slit, and most of the backscattered light is further reflected and scattered within the wedge-shaped structure between the two arrays.

[0074] Finally, most of the light undergoes multiple reflections and absorptions to achieve an ultra-high light energy absorption effect. This structure makes full use of the wedge-shaped forward refraction path and the multiple reflections formed by the slits of the first array of thin plates / the second array of thin plates. This not only disperses the laser energy but also easily achieves multiple reflections of light. Therefore, the height and width of the thin plates can be minimized to achieve the best extinction effect with a smaller volume.

[0075] The structure is highly flexible, including not only the reconfigurable reflector, but also the material selection and processing requirements of the rectangular sheet, the angle of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity and the incident direction of light, the overall height and the external shape of cavity 1.

[0076] For lasers with a capacity of up to megawatts, it is recommended to use tungsten metal sheets polished to a near-mirror finish to form a thin array. Alternatively, stainless steel or other metal materials can be used.

[0077] When using, carefully adjust the angle between the absorber and the incident laser, ensuring that the incident laser is parallel to the base plate 13 and does not scrape against the inlet constraint pipe 6. The specific angle is determined by the installation angle of the reflector and the size of the laser beam. After adjustment, secure it with the fixing bolts.

[0078] The laser is reflected into the wedge-shaped extinction structure using a dielectric film reflector 3. The dielectric film reflector 3 can be selected and matched according to the usage requirements. The diameter of the inlet constraint pipe 6 can be replaced with parts of corresponding specifications as needed, and it can also be installed inward or outward. When installed inward, it is related to the height of the cavity 1, and when installed outward, pipes of different lengths can be replaced.

[0079] The manufacturing details and functional configuration of the phagocytizer may also include: blackening treatment of the surface of cavity 1; blackening treatment of the entire surface; use of different materials, such as tungsten, stainless steel, graphite, etc., as rectangular thin sheets; custom-designed dielectric film reflector 3 + reflector support 31 + inlet constraint pipe 6 + cavity 1 height with custom incident angle and beam spot size; cavity 1 shape with similar main extinction structure but different shape; different mounting and fixing screw hole positions, sizes and fixing methods for the phagocytizer.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment / mode," "some embodiments / modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment / mode or example is included in at least one embodiment / mode or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / mode or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments / modes or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments / modes or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments / modes or examples.

[0081] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0082] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make other changes or modifications based on the above invention, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-energy laser devourer, characterized in that, include: The cavity (1) includes an absorption cavity inside. The top surface of the cavity (1) is a detachable cover plate (12), and the bottom surface of the cavity (1) is a detachable bottom plate (13). An array sheet assembly is disposed within the absorption cavity, and the array sheet assembly is detachably connected to the cover plate (12) and the base plate (13); the array sheet assembly includes a first array sheet and a second array sheet, both of which include a plurality of parallel rectangular sheets, and the projections of the first array sheet and the second array sheet onto the base plate (13) are both quadrilaterals; One corner of the projection of the first array sheet connects with one corner of the projection of the second array sheet, and the adjacent sides of the projection form a wedge-shaped swallowing cavity; The cavity (1) is provided with a laser entrance hole (2) facing the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity; The cavity (1) also includes a reflective cavity that communicates with the absorption cavity, and the reflective cavity is located at the opening of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity; The swallower further includes: a dielectric film reflector (3) and a reflector support (31) disposed in the reflector cavity, wherein the dielectric film reflector (3) is fixed by the reflector support (31); The cover plate (12) is provided with an inlet constraint pipe (6) facing the dielectric film reflector (3). The angle between the lower side of the dielectric film reflector (3) and the base plate (13) is an acute angle.

2. A high-energy laser devourer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phagocytizer also includes: The upper array slot (4) is detachably connected to the lower side of the cover plate (12), and the upper array slot (4) is provided with an upper fixing slot corresponding to the upper end face of the array sheet assembly. The lower array slot (5) is detachably connected to the upper side of the base plate (13), and the lower array slot (5) is provided with a lower fixing slot corresponding to the lower end face of the array sheet assembly. There are multiple upper fixing slots and multiple lower fixing slots, which are arranged corresponding to the multiple rectangular pieces of the first array sheet and the second array sheet.

3. A high-energy laser devourer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projection of the first array sheet is a parallelogram, and the projection of the second array sheet is a rectangle. The incident direction of the high-energy laser is parallel to the first side of the base plate (13) and the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity, and the first side belongs to the second array sheet.

4. A high-energy laser devourer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reflector support (31) is detachably connected to the upper side of the base plate (13), and the inlet constraint pipe (6) is detachably connected to the cover plate (12).

5. A high-energy laser devourer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reflectivity of the dielectric film mirror (3) is greater than 99.5%, the dielectric film mirror (3) is a plane mirror or a convex mirror, and the included angle of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity is 45°.

6. A high-energy laser devourer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side wall of the cavity (1) is provided with a small vent hole for evacuating the absorption cavity, and the inner side of the absorption cavity and the inner side of the inlet constraint tube are blackened.

7. A high-energy laser devourer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower side of the base plate (13) is connected to a mounting base (7), and the mounting base (7) is provided with mounting screws for assembly.

8. A high-energy laser devourer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The size of the upper array slot (4) matches the upper side of the absorption cavity, and the size of the lower array slot (5) matches the lower side of the absorption cavity.

9. A high-energy laser devourer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The incident direction of the high-energy laser intersects with the mirror surface of the dielectric film reflector (3), and after being reflected by the dielectric film reflector (3), the direction of the high-energy laser entering the swallowing cavity is parallel to the base plate (13) and the first side of the wedge-shaped swallowing cavity, the first side belonging to the second array sheet.

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