A main distribution box for special vehicles

Abstract

The present invention provides a main distribution box for special vehicles, which includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, an insulating plate, fuses, an electric connecting plate fixing component, a power input / output end fixing component, and a fuse fixing component. The structure of this main distribution box has the characteristics of flexible disassembly and assembly, good electrical conductivity, and high reliability. By improving the installation and fastening structure of the internal components of the main distribution box, the disadvantages of the existing double-nut pressing structure can be solved, the quality problems generated during the assembly or maintenance process can be reduced, the reliability of the main distribution box can be improved, and at the same time, the electrical conductivity of the main distribution box can be enhanced by improving the structure of the electric connecting plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of main distribution boxes for special vehicles, and particularly relates to a main distribution box for special vehicles with an installation structure for electric connection plates. Background Art

[0002] The main distribution box of a special vehicle is used to provide input and output DC power for the whole vehicle. Due to the characteristics of special vehicles such as many electrical equipment, large driving vibration, and harsh use environment, high requirements are put forward for the electrical conductivity, high-temperature tolerance, and reliability of the main distribution box.

[0003] Currently, the internal structure of the main distribution box of a special vehicle is as Figures 1-3 shown. The first electric connection plate 1-1 and the second electric connection plate 1-2 are installed on the insulating plate 1-4 through a fixed fastening component 1-3, and the fuse 1-5 connects the first electric connection plate 1-1 and the second electric connection plate 1-2. There are two problems when the existing main distribution box is used by vehicle users: a) The installation and fixation method between the electric connection plates 1-1 and 1-2, the insulating plate 1-4, the power input and output terminals (including terminals A, B, C, D, E, F, G), or the fuse 1-5 is a double-nut pressing structure. The installation process of this structure is divided into two stages. The first stage is to press the insulating plate 1-4 and the electric connection plates 1-1 and 1-2 through the lower nuts of the fixed fastening component 1-3. The second stage is to press the fuse 1-5 or the power input and output terminals through the upper nuts of the fixed fastening component 1-3. When the installation worker disassembles the fuse 1-5 or the power input and output terminals in the second stage, or when the vehicle user performs later maintenance and repair on the distribution box, or repeats the pressing process in the second stage, there is a risk of loosening the lower nuts. If the nuts become loose, it may cause short-circuit sparking or even ignition at the loosening point, igniting the insulating plate 1-4; b) The counterbore holes on the insulating plate 1-4 are circular (the structure is as Figure 4 shown). During the initial installation, sealant is applied in the holes to fix and seal the fastening bolts. When the lower nuts are loosened manually and the sealant has aged, since the bolt heads are sealed in the sealant, a flat-tip screwdriver cannot be inserted into the counterbore holes to fix the bolts. As a result, when the lower nuts are tightened, the bolts will rotate with the rotation of the nuts (the sealant has aged and lost its sealing and fixing function), so the electric connection plates 1-1, 1-2 and the insulating plate 1-4 cannot be pressed tightly, which may cause short-circuit sparking or even ignition at the loosening point, igniting the insulating plate 1-4; c) Since the thickness of the two electric connection plates (made of nickel-plated copper plates) is only 3 mm (the structure is as Figure 5 and 6 shown), when multiple high-power electrical equipment in the vehicle work simultaneously for a long time (the conductive current is approximately equal to 300 A), the electrical conductivity and current-carrying capacity of the electric connection plates 1-1 and 1-2 are insufficient, resulting in rapid temperature rise, up to about 140 °C at most. The tolerance temperature of the insulating plate 1-4 is 140 °C, which may cause high-temperature carbonization of the insulating plate 1-4. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical Problem to be Solved

[0005] The present invention provides a main distribution box for special vehicles to solve the technical problems of reducing quality problems generated during the assembly, maintenance, or repair of the existing double-nut pressing structure, improving the reliability of the main distribution box, and enhancing the electrical conductivity of the main distribution box.

[0006] (2) Technical Solution

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a main distribution box for special vehicles, which includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, an insulating plate, a fuse, an electrical connecting plate fixing component, a power input / output terminal fixing component, and a fuse fixing component; wherein,

[0008] The overall structure of the first connecting plate is L-shaped, with a concave-convex structure including three convex structures and one concave structure; wherein, an installation through hole for connecting the first connecting plate and the insulating plate through the electrical connecting plate fixing component is processed at the rear and front of the concave structure; the first convex structure is located at the front of the long side of the L shape, and an installation threaded hole for installing a power input cable through the power input / output terminal fixing component is processed; the second convex is located at the bottom of the short side of the L shape, and an installation threaded hole for installing a fuse through the fuse fixing component is processed; the third convex structure is located at the intersection of the long and short sides of the L shape, and one installation threaded hole for installing a power output line through the power input / output terminal fixing component is processed at the front and two at the rear.

[0009] The second connecting plate has a concave-convex structure with a concave structure in the middle and convex structures at both ends; wherein, an installation through hole for connecting the second connecting plate and the insulating plate through the electrical connecting plate fixing component is processed at the concave structure; an installation threaded hole for installing a power input cable through the power input / output terminal fixing component and an installation threaded hole for installing a fuse through the fuse fixing component are respectively processed at the two convex structures.

[0010] A groove is cut at a certain distance from the long side at the lower right corner of the front of the insulating plate, and a countersunk hole for installing the insulating plate and the second connecting plate through the electrical connecting plate fixing component is processed in the middle of the groove; a countersunk hole for installing the insulating plate and the first connecting plate through the electrical connecting plate fixing component is processed in the middle and rear of the insulating plate respectively.

[0011] The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are fixed on the insulating plate through the electric connecting plate fixing assembly. The fixing bolts of the electric connecting plate fixing assembly are embedded in the counterbore holes of the insulating plate. After fastening, sealant is applied for sealing treatment. The fuse is installed at the conducting ends of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate through the fuse fixing assembly to connect the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, playing a role in circuit protection. A plurality of power input / output terminal fixing assemblies are installed at the power output terminal, power input terminal of the first connecting plate and the power input terminal of the second connecting plate. The power input / output terminal fixing assembly is used to install the connecting ends of the power input cable and the power output cable at the power input / output terminals of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate.

[0012] Further, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are nickel-plated copper plates.

[0013] Further, the insulating plate is an epoxy phenolic laminated glass cloth board.

[0014] Further, the large hole of the counterbore is rectangular, and the small hole of the counterbore is circular.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0016] The present invention provides a main distribution box for special vehicles, including a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, an insulating plate, a fuse, an electric connecting plate fixing assembly, a power input / output terminal fixing assembly, and a fuse fixing assembly. The structure of this main distribution box has the characteristics of flexible disassembly and assembly, good electrical conductivity, and high reliability. By improving the installation and fastening structure of the internal components of the main distribution box, the disadvantages of the existing double-nut pressing structure can be solved, the quality problems caused during the assembly or maintenance process can be reduced, the reliability of the main distribution box can be improved, and at the same time, the electrical conductivity of the main distribution box can be enhanced by improving the electric connecting plate structure.

[0017] By improving the internal installation structure of the main distribution box for special vehicles, the installation of the electric connecting plate and the insulating plate and the installation of the electric connecting plate and the power input / output terminal are assembled separately and no longer directly related, thus avoiding the quality problem that the nut is not tightened during the later installation of the cable, replacement of the fuse, and disassembly during daily maintenance. The two electric connecting plates are changed to a concave-convex structure with a thickness of 6 - 15 mm, which is much larger than the original thickness of 3 mm, that is, the cross-sectional area of the electric connecting plate increases and the electric loss rate per unit time decreases, which can improve the electrical conductivity. During the 300A long-term power supply test of the main distribution box on the bench, the temperature of the electric connecting plate is less than 90°C, which is much lower than the tolerance temperature of the insulating plate (140°C). The counterbore hole for installing the insulating plate is changed from a round hole to a rectangular hole, and the hexagonal bolt cannot rotate in the rectangular hole, which can avoid the phenomenon that the nut cannot be tightened when the electric connecting plate and the insulating plate are connected and fastened.

[0018] The present invention does not have much change in cost compared with the existing main distribution box. By optimizing and improving the internal installation structure, the conductivity, reliability and safety of the main distribution box can be improved, indirectly reducing the use and maintenance costs of vehicle users. This structure can be widely applied to chassis series products of the same model. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the existing main distribution box for special vehicles;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 A-A cross-sectional view of;

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 B-B cross-sectional view of;

[0022] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the insulating plate structure in the existing main distribution box for special vehicles;

[0023] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the first electrical connection plate structure in the existing main distribution box for special vehicles;

[0024] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the second electrical connection plate structure in the existing main distribution box for special vehicles;

[0025] Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main distribution box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 is Figure 7 A-A cross-sectional view of;

[0027] Figure 9 is Figure 7 B-B cross-sectional view of;

[0028] Figure 10 is Figure 7 C-C cross-sectional view of;

[0029] Figure 11 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the first connection plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the second connection plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the insulating plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 14 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the fuse structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] To make the objectives, content, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following further describes in detail the specific implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] This embodiment provides a main distribution box for special vehicles, and its structure is as Figures 7-10 shown, mainly including a first connecting plate 1, a second connecting plate 2, an insulating plate 3, a fuse 4, an electric connecting plate fixing component 5, a power input / output terminal fixing component 6, and a fuse fixing component 7.

[0035] The first connecting plate 1 is a nickel-plated copper plate with a concave-convex structure. Two mounting through holes are processed at the concave structure, and five mounting threaded holes are processed at the three convex structures. As Figure 11 shown, the overall structure of the first connecting plate 1 is L-shaped, with a total length of 102 mm, a rear width of 68 mm, a middle width of 40 mm, and a front width of 24 mm. The concave-convex structure includes three convex structures and one concave structure. Among them, the total length of the concave structure is 80 mm, the thickness is 6 mm, the rear width is 32 mm, the middle width is 19.5 mm, and the front width is 40 mm. One mounting through hole with a diameter of 8 mm is processed at the rear and front of the concave structure, which is used to connect the first connecting plate 1 and the insulating plate 3 through the electric connecting plate fixing component 5. The first convex structure is located at the front of the long side of the L shape, with a size of 22 mm × 24 mm and a total thickness of 15 mm. One M10 mounting threaded hole is processed, which is used to install the power input cable through the power input / output terminal fixing component 6. The second convex is located at the bottom of the short side of the L shape, with a size of 22 mm × 22 mm and a total thickness of 15 mm. One M8 mounting threaded hole is processed, which is used to install the fuse 4 through the fuse fixing component 7. The third convex structure is located at the intersection of the long and short sides of the L shape, with a total length of 55 mm, a thickness of 12 mm, a front width of 20 mm, and a rear width of 14 mm. One M8 mounting threaded hole is processed at the front and two M6 mounting threaded holes are processed at the rear. The three threaded holes are used to install the power output line through the power input / output terminal fixing component 6.

[0036] The second connecting plate 2 is a nickel-plated copper plate with a concave-convex structure. One mounting through hole is processed at the concave structure, and two mounting threaded holes are processed at the two convex structures. As Figure 12As shown, the total length of the second connecting plate 2 is 48 mm, and the total width is 18 mm. The concave-convex structure includes convex structures at the front and rear ends and a concave structure in the middle. Among them, the length of the concave structure is 20 mm, the width is 18 mm, and the thickness is 6 mm. An installation through-hole with a diameter of 8 mm is processed, which is used to connect the second connecting plate to the insulating plate 3 through the electric connecting plate fixing component 5. The lengths of the two convex structures are both 14 mm, the widths are both 18 mm, and the total thicknesses are both 18 mm. An M8 installation threaded hole is processed respectively. One threaded hole is used to install the power input cable through the power input and output terminal fixing component 6, and the other threaded hole is used to install the fuse 4 through the fuse fixing component 7.

[0037] The insulating plate 3 is an epoxy phenolic laminated glass cloth board. As Figure 13 shown, the length of the insulating plate 3 is 120 mm, the width is 80 mm, and the total thickness is 25 mm. A groove is cut at the lower right corner of the front part, 10 mm away from the long side. The length of the groove is 53 mm, the width is 20 mm, and the depth is 3 mm. A counterbore is processed in the middle of the groove, which is used to install the insulating plate 3 and the second connecting plate 2 through the electric connecting plate fixing component 5. The large hole of the counterbore is rectangular, with a length of 12 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a depth of 15 mm. The small hole of the counterbore has a diameter of 6.5 mm and a depth of 7 mm. A counterbore is processed in the middle and rear parts of the insulating plate 3 respectively, which is used to install the insulating plate 3 and the first connecting plate 1 through the electric connecting plate fixing component 5. The large hole of the counterbore is rectangular, with a length of 16 mm, a width of 13 mm, and a depth of 15 mm. The small hole of the counterbore has a diameter of 8.5 mm and a depth of 10 mm.

[0038] The first connecting plate 1 and the second connecting plate 2 are fixed on the insulating plate 3 through the electric connecting plate fixing component 5. The fixing bolts of the electric connecting plate fixing component 5 are embedded in the rectangular counterbores of the insulating plate 3. After tightening, sealant is applied for sealing treatment, which can effectively solve the problem of loosening of the fixing components.

[0039] The fuse 4 (the structure is as Figure 14 shown) is installed at the conducting end E of the first connecting plate 1 and the conducting end D of the second connecting plate 2 through the fuse fixing component 7, connecting the first connecting plate 1 and the second connecting plate 2 to play a role in circuit protection.

[0040] Multiple power input and output terminal fixing components 6 are installed at the power output terminals A / B / C, power input terminal G of the first connecting plate 1 and the power input terminal F of the second connecting plate 2. During later use, the connection ends of the power input cable and the power output cable are installed at the power input and output terminals of the first connecting plate 1 and the second connecting plate 2 through the power input and output terminal fixing components 6.

[0041] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A main distribution box for a special vehicle, characterized in that, The main distribution box includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, an insulating plate, a fuse, an electric connecting plate fixing component, a power input / output terminal fixing component, and a fuse fixing component; among them, The overall structure of the first connecting plate is L-shaped, with a concave-convex structure including three convex structures and one concave structure; among them, an installation through hole for connecting the first connecting plate and the insulating plate through the electric connecting plate fixing component is machined at the rear and front of the concave structure; the first convex structure is located at the front of the long side of the L-shape, and an installation threaded hole for installing the power input cable through the power input / output terminal fixing component is machined; the second convex is located at the bottom of the short side of the L-shape, and an installation threaded hole for installing the fuse through the fuse fixing component is machined; the third convex structure is located at the intersection of the long and short sides of the L-shape, and one installation threaded hole is machined at the front and two installation threaded holes for installing the power output line through the power input / output terminal fixing component are machined at the rear; The second connecting plate has a concave-convex structure with a concave structure in the middle and convex structures at both ends; among them, an installation through hole for connecting the second connecting plate and the insulating plate through the electric connecting plate fixing component is machined at the concave structure; one installation threaded hole for installing the power input cable through the power input / output terminal fixing component and one installation threaded hole for installing the fuse through the fuse fixing component are machined at each of the two convex structures; A groove is cut at a certain distance from the long side at the lower right corner of the front of the insulating plate, and a countersunk hole for installing the insulating plate and the second connecting plate through the electric connecting plate fixing component is machined in the middle of the groove; a countersunk hole for installing the insulating plate and the first connecting plate through the electric connecting plate fixing component is machined in the middle and at the rear of the insulating plate respectively; The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are fixed on the insulating plate through the electric connecting plate fixing component. The fixing bolts of the electric connecting plate fixing component are embedded in the countersunk holes of the insulating plate, and sealant is applied for sealing after fastening; the fuse is installed at the conducting ends of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate through the fuse fixing component to connect the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, playing a role in circuit protection; multiple power input / output terminal fixing components are installed at the power output end, power input end of the first connecting plate and the power input end of the second connecting plate. The power input / output terminal fixing component is used to install the connection ends of the power input cable and the power output cable at the power input / output ends of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate; the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are nickel-plated copper plates; the insulating plate is an epoxy phenolic laminated glass cloth board.

2. The main distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large hole of the countersunk hole is rectangular, and the small hole of the countersunk hole is circular.

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