Assembly and method for connecting a patient-side junction unit with a source or sink of a gas mixture

Abstract

The invention relates to a connection assembly and a method for connecting a patient-side junction unit to a source or sink of a gas mixture comprising oxygen. The connection assembly comprises a valve assembly with a first valve (40.1) and a second valve (40.2). A source-side fluid guiding unit (24) establishes a fluid connection between the source or sink and the valve assembly. A patient-side fluid guiding unit (25) establishes a fluid connection between the patient-side junction unit and the valve assembly. Both valves are connected in parallel and both are arranged between the two fluid guiding units. The gas mixture flows from the source through the first valve and / or the second valve to the patient-side junction unit or vice versa through the first valve and / or the second valve to the sink. A control pressure is set at each valve, respectively. Thereby, a temporal course of the actual volume flow downstream of the valve assembly follows a pre-set temporal course.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an assembly and method for connecting a patient-side connection unit to a source and / or sink (Senke) of a gas mixture. The gas mixture includes oxygen. The patient-side connection unit is at least temporarily connected to the patient, or may be connected to the patient.

[0002] The components and method according to the invention can be used to perform artificial respiration on a patient. The patient-side connection unit is disposed within or at the patient's body. A gas mixture flows from at least one source through an inspiratory passage to the patient-side connection unit. Exhaled gas flows out of the patient-side connection unit through an expiratory passage. Background Technology

[0003] The aim is to regulate or at least control the volumetric flow rate and / or pressure in the inspiratory and / or expiratory channels to the patient-side connecting unit. The objective of such regulation (closed-loop control) or control (open-loop control) is that the actual time variation of the volumetric flow rate and / or pressure follows a predetermined theoretical time variation. In this application, the invention is used in the inspiratory and / or expiratory channels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a connection assembly and method for connecting a patient-side connection unit to a source or sink of a gas mixture, wherein the gas mixture flows from the source to the patient-side connection unit through an inspiratory channel and / or exits the patient-side connection unit through an expiratory channel and flows to the sink, and wherein the actual time-varying process of volumetric flow rate or pressure can be better regulated compared to known connection assemblies and methods.

[0005] This invention is achieved through a connecting component according to the invention and a connecting method according to the invention. Wherever it is meaningful, an advantageous design of the connecting component is also an advantage of the connecting method according to the invention, and vice versa.

[0006] The connection assembly according to the invention enables the patient-side connection unit to be connected to a source or sink of a gas mixture. The gas mixture preferably comprises oxygen. Optionally, the gas mixture may further comprise at least one anesthetic. The gas mixture may also be air exhaled by the patient and may further contain carbon dioxide. Optionally, one design of the connection assembly according to the invention enables the patient-side connection unit to be connected to both a source and a sink. It is possible that the same device can be used as both a source and a sink.

[0007] The patient-side connection unit is at least temporarily connected to the patient, or may be connected to the patient. In particular, the patient-side connection unit is disposed within or at the patient's body.

[0008] The connection assembly according to the invention includes a valve assembly and two fluid guiding units, namely a source-side fluid guiding unit and a patient-side fluid guiding unit. A "fluid guiding unit" is understood as a component capable of guiding fluid along a trajectory and ideally completely preventing fluid from deviating from that trajectory. Rigid tubes and flexible hoses are two examples of fluid guiding units. The fluid guiding unit may be a dual-lumen hose.

[0009] The source-side fluid guiding unit establishes, or is capable of establishing, a fluid connection between the source or sink of the gas mixture and the valve assembly. The patient-side fluid guiding unit establishes, or is capable of establishing, a fluid connection between the patient-side connecting unit and the valve assembly. The two fluid guiding units are preferably connected in series.

[0010] The gas mixture flows in a flow direction from the source to the patient-side connection unit or from the patient-side connection unit to the sink. The terms "upstream" and "downstream" refer to this flow direction. One fluid guiding unit is arranged upstream of the valve assembly, and another fluid guiding unit is arranged downstream of the valve assembly. Whether the source-side fluid guiding unit or the patient-side fluid guiding unit is arranged upstream depends on the flow direction, and therefore depends on the application of the invention.

[0011] The connection assembly according to the invention also includes a valve assembly. The valve assembly includes a first valve and at least one second valve, optionally including a plurality of second valves. A “valve” is understood as a component through which fluid can flow, wherein the component is capable of varying the volumetric flow rate of the fluid passing through the valve within a range determined by its structure, and typically, in particular, completely blocking it. The valve can vary the volumetric flow rate in stages or continuously. “Volumetric flow rate” is a measure of the volume of fluid flowing through the valve per unit time.

[0012] The second valve or at least one second valve of the valve assembly is connected in parallel with the first valve. During flow from an upstream fluid guiding unit to a downstream fluid guiding unit, the gas mixture flows through at least one valve of the valve assembly, i.e., through the first valve and / or the second valve and / or at least one second valve. It is possible that the gas mixture flows through only one valve at a given time because the other valve is closed. It is also possible that the gas mixture flows through two or at least two valves arranged in parallel simultaneously at a given time.

[0013] The connection assembly according to the invention can automatically set the control pressure at each valve of the valve assembly. The control pressures at the valves can be different from each other. Setting the control pressure at a valve causes the volumetric flow rate through that valve to be set to a specific value. Furthermore, the setting of the control pressure affects the pressure in the downstream fluid guiding unit.

[0014] The control pressure is automatically set at each valve of the valve assembly via a connecting component. This connecting component can automatically control or regulate the volumetric flow rate and / or pressure in the downstream fluid guiding unit. The control objective or regulation objective when setting the control pressure is that the time variation of the actual volumetric flow rate or pressure in the downstream fluid guiding unit follows a preset time variation process.

[0015] The connection method according to the invention is executed automatically when using the connection assembly according to the invention. A gas mixture flows from a source to a patient-side connection unit, or from a patient-side connection unit to a sink. The volumetric flow rate or pressure in a downstream fluid guiding unit is controlled or regulated. Thus, the time variation of the actual volumetric flow rate or pressure follows a preset time variation process. The steps of controlling or regulating the volumetric flow rate or pressure include setting and optionally changing the control pressure at least once at a first valve and / or at a second valve or at least one second valve. It is also possible to regulate both the volumetric flow rate and the pressure.

[0016] The inventors discovered in internal experiments that, compared to a design where the gas mixture flows through only one valve, the volumetric flow rate or pressure is easier to control when the gas mixture can flow through two valves arranged in parallel. This invention enables relatively reliable control or regulation of the volumetric flow rate or pressure in a downstream fluid guiding unit, even if the volumetric flow rate and / or pressure in the upstream fluid guiding unit varies drastically over time, or at least can vary drastically.

[0017] In many cases, the present invention eliminates the need to abruptly switch the valve assembly from one state to another. Instead, it allows for a continuous, overlapping reduction of the volumetric flow rate through one valve of the valve assembly while simultaneously increasing the volumetric flow rate through another valve. This reduces the risk of undesirable oscillations in volumetric flow rate and / or pressure.

[0018] According to the invention, at least two valves of the valve assembly are connected in parallel, and both are arranged between two fluid guiding units.

[0019] In one application, the connection assembly according to the invention connects the patient-side connection unit to a source of the gas mixture. The source is, for example, a fixed supply port for the gas mixture, or comprises at least one bottle containing the gas mixture or a fluid delivery unit for the gas mixture. Alternatively, the source may be a mixing point where the gas mixture is composed of at least two gas components. The source may also be a ventilator that performs a series of respiratory strokes and feeds a portion of the gas mixture to the source-side fluid guiding unit in each respiratory stroke. In these applications, the invention is used in an inspiratory channel that extends from the source to the patient-side connection unit, and in this inspiratory channel, the gas mixture is guided to the patient-side connection unit. In this application, the connection assembly is arranged in the inspiratory channel. The source-side fluid guiding unit is an upstream fluid guiding unit, and the patient-side fluid guiding unit is a downstream fluid guiding unit.

[0020] In another application, the connecting assembly according to the invention connects the patient-side connecting unit to a reservoir for a gas mixture. The reservoir is, for example, an environmental or fixed fluid reservoir. Alternatively, a loop may be established between the patient-side connecting unit and the fluid delivery unit, such as a breathing circuit for artificial respiration of a patient. In this design, the anesthesia machine serves as both a source and a reservoir. The fluid delivery unit maintains airflow in the breathing circuit. In this application, the reservoir is, for example, a fluid delivery unit, and the gas mixture flows from the patient-side connecting unit to the reservoir, i.e., to the fluid delivery unit. In these applications, the invention is used in an expiratory channel that extends from the patient-side connecting unit to the reservoir, and the connecting assembly belongs to the reservoir. The source-side fluid guiding unit is a downstream fluid guiding unit, and the patient-side fluid guiding unit is a upstream fluid guiding unit.

[0021] It is also possible that the invention is used in both the inspiratory and expiratory channels, i.e., used twice. An example of such dual application is a breathing circuit in which a fluid delivery unit maintains airflow, wherein a gas mixture is delivered through the inspiratory channel to the patient-side connection unit, and exhaled gas flows from the patient-side connection unit through the expiratory channel.

[0022] According to a preferred design, a pre-pressure exists at each valve of the valve assembly. The pre-pressure at the valve depends on the pressure in the upstream fluid guiding unit. Particularly preferably, the pre-pressure at the valve is equal to the pressure in the upstream fluid guiding unit. The volumetric flow rate through the downstream fluid guiding unit depends on both the pre-pressure at the valve and the control pressure set at the valve.

[0023] In a preferred design, each valve in the valve assembly includes a valve body and a valve body seat. The gas mixture can flow through the valve body seat along its path from an upstream fluid guide unit to a downstream fluid guide unit. Each valve body seat has a cross-sectional area determined by its structure. The valve body is movable relative to the valve body seat. The position of the valve body relative to the valve body seat determines the effective cross-sectional area available for the gas mixture to flow through the valve. The effective cross-sectional area is less than or equal to the structurally determined cross-sectional area.

[0024] According to an improvement of this preferred design, the structurally determined cross-sectional area of ​​one valve seat is smaller than that of another valve seat or at least one other valve seat. However, it is also possible that two or more valve seats have the same structurally determined cross-sectional area, optionally all valve seats. Preferably, the connection assembly according to the invention causes the gas mixture to flow only through the valve with the smaller cross-sectional area when the volumetric flow rate is below a first limit, and only through the valve with the larger cross-sectional area when the volumetric flow rate is above a second limit, wherein the second limit is greater than or exactly equal to the first limit.

[0025] In one design, at least one valve of the connecting assembly is associated with a controllable fluid delivery unit. This fluid delivery unit is, in particular, or includes a pump or blower. It is possible that each valve is associated with its own controllable fluid delivery unit. It is also possible that two different valves of the valve assembly are associated with the same controllable fluid delivery unit.

[0026] The fluid delivery unit, or each fluid delivery unit, can be set to a control pressure present at the valve, or each associated valve. A controller (control unit) that processes signals from the connection assembly can operate the fluid delivery unit, with the secondary objective of setting the control pressure at the associated valve. The set control pressure (more precisely, the theoretical value of the control pressure to be set) depends on the measured volumetric flow rate of the valves arranged in parallel. The controller receives measurements from sensors (which measure the volumetric flow rate upstream of the valve assembly) and calculates the theoretical value of the control pressure to be set.

[0027] This design scheme can, to some extent, compensate for the unavoidable impact of volumetric flow rate on the downstream pressure (which is the pressure downstream of the valve).

[0028] Preferably, each valve in the valve assembly has three connection points: a connection point on the upstream pressure side, a connection point on the downstream pressure side, and a connection point on the control pressure side. The connection point on the upstream pressure side is fluidly connected to the fluid guiding unit located upstream. Therefore, a upstream pressure exists at the connection point on the upstream pressure side. The connection point on the downstream pressure side is fluidly connected to the fluid guiding unit located downstream. Therefore, a downstream pressure is generated at the connection point on the downstream pressure side. A control pressure exists at the connection point on the control pressure side, and this control pressure can be set and varied.

[0029] In an improved version of this design, the connection point on the pre-pressure side of the first valve is fluidly connected to the connection point on the control pressure side of the second valve. Due to this design, the pre-pressure present at the first valve is simultaneously used as the control pressure for the second valve. Therefore, this improved version eliminates the need for a separate fluid delivery unit for the second valve.

[0030] According to the present invention, the valve assembly includes a first valve and at least one second valve. In one design, the valve assembly includes a second valve and additionally a third valve. The three valves are connected in parallel. All three valves are arranged between the source-side fluid guiding unit and the patient-side fluid guiding unit.

[0031] In an improved version of this design, the connection point on the pre-pressure side of the second valve is fluidly connected to the connection point on the control pressure side of the third valve. Therefore, the pre-pressure at the second valve is used as the control pressure of the third valve.

[0032] In one implementation, the first valve is associated with a controllable fluid delivery unit, particularly a pump. This fluid delivery unit can be set to a control pressure present at the first valve. The control pressure present at the second valve depends on the pre-pressure present at the second valve and the control pressure present at the first valve. In many cases, this design eliminates the need for a separate fluid delivery unit for the second valve or, optionally, a third valve. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The present invention will now be described with reference to embodiments. Wherein:

[0034] Figure 1 The illustration schematically depicts artificial respiration on a patient, wherein the invention is applied twice;

[0035] Figure 2 An exemplary time-varying process of volumetric flow rate and pressure during artificial respiration is shown;

[0036] Figure 3 The diagram shows two valves of different sizes connected in parallel, with two parallel controlled pumps achieving two control pressures.

[0037] Figure 4Two valves of the same size connected in parallel are shown, with a controlled pump achieving two control pressures;

[0038] Figure 5 The diagram shows two valves of different sizes connected in parallel, where the controlled pump achieves the control pressure of the smaller valve, and the control pressure of the larger valve is diverted.

[0039] Figure 6 It shows according to Figure 5 A variation of the design scheme, in which a third valve is connected in parallel;

[0040] Figure 7 Three exemplary characteristic lines are shown for three valves of different sizes, each illustrating the control pressure depending on the volumetric flow rate. Detailed Implementation

[0041] In this embodiment, the present invention is used to perform artificial respiration on a patient, Pt. A patient-side connection unit 9 (e.g., a breathing mask, tube, or catheter) is fixed to or contained within the patient's body.

[0042] Figure 1 An example of artificial respiration for patient Pt is illustrated schematically. The ventilator 100, shown only schematically, performs a series of breathing strokes, delivering a specific amount of gas mixture to the patient-side connection unit 9 and thus to patient Pt in each stroke. This gas mixture contains a specific proportion (volume percentage) of oxygen. The user presets the desired oxygen content in the gas mixture. For example, the user manually sets the desired oxygen content at knob 30. This oxygen proportion may be higher than the oxygen proportion in breathing air. To increase the oxygen proportion relative to breathing air, a gas mixture consisting of breathing air and pure oxygen is generated in this embodiment.

[0043] According to Figure 1 In the example, the connecting components according to the invention are used twice, namely in the inspiratory connecting component 110 and the expiratory connecting component 120. A gas mixture including oxygen is supplied to the patient-side connecting unit 9 through the inspiratory passage of the inspiratory connecting component 110. Exhaled air from the patient Pt is discharged from the patient-side connecting unit 9 through the expiratory passage of the expiratory connecting component 120. Preferably, both connecting components 110 and 120 are connected to the patient-side connecting unit 9 via a Y-shaped member. In one design, the expiratory passage leads to the environment or to a fixed fluid reservoir (not shown).

[0044] Blower 2 or other conveying unit draws in ambient air through inlet E. Filter 12 filters out particles and harmful substances from the drawn-in ambient air.

[0045] Supply port 20 provides pure oxygen. In this embodiment, supply port 20 is fixed and arranged in the wall W, and provides pure oxygen at a pressure between 2 bar and 5 bar.

[0046] A gas mixture consisting of pure oxygen and breathing air is generated or produced at mixing point 8. Supply interface 20 provides pure oxygen, and blower 2 provides breathing air.

[0047] Possibly, the anesthetic vaporizer produces a mixture of at least one anesthetic agent and a carrier gas, and feeds this mixture into the inhalation channel. In this design, the gas mixture delivered to the patient-side connection unit 9 includes oxygen and at least one anesthetic agent. The patient, Pt, is thus anesthetized or sedated.

[0048] In one design, blower 2 generates pressure in the inspiratory passage section between mixing point 8 and patient-side connection unit 9, the pressure being between 20 mbar and 100 mbar, preferably between 30 mbar and 60 mbar, and this pressure is, in one design, constant over time (except for unavoidable fluctuations due to the operation of blower 2). In another design, the pressure and / or volumetric flow rate generated by blower 2 are adjusted to meet a preset time-varying adjustment target.

[0049] In addition, the following components of the ventilator 100 are arranged in the inspiratory channel:

[0050] - Pressure reducer 1,

[0051] - A controlled intake proportioning valve 4.1, which serves as a valve assembly according to the invention.

[0052] - Pneumatic resistance component 5.1,

[0053] - Volumetric flow sensor 6.1,

[0054] - Pressure sensor 7.1, and

[0055] - Overpressure valve 10.

[0056] A pressure reducer is understood as a component having a pre-pressure inlet and a post-pressure outlet, wherein the pressure at the post-pressure outlet is at most the same as the pressure at the pre-pressure inlet, and further at most the same as the upper pressure limit preset by the structure of the pressure reducer.

[0057] Line 21 extends from the supply port 20 for pure oxygen to the inlet of the pressure reducer 1. Line 22 extends from the outlet of the pressure reducer 1 to the mixing point 8. Line 23 extends from the outlet of the blower 2 to the mixing point 8. Line 24 extends from the mixing point 8 to the inspiratory proportioning valve 4.1. Line 25 extends from the inspiratory proportioning valve 4.1 to the patient-side connection unit 9. Lines 21 to 25 belong to the inspiratory passage of this embodiment. Line 24 serves as a source-side fluid guiding unit located upstream, and line 25 serves as a patient-side fluid guiding unit located downstream of the inspiratory connection assembly 110.

[0058] Volumetric flow sensor 6.1 measures the volumetric flow rate through the intake passage and upstream of intake proportional valve 4.1 (i.e., through line 24). To measure the volumetric flow rate, volumetric flow sensor 6.1 measures the pressure difference ΔP upstream and downstream of pneumatic resistance element 5.1 and derives the volumetric flow rate in intake passages 21 to 25. Pressure sensor 7.1 measures the pressure in intake passages 21 to 25, in this embodiment, the pressure downstream of intake proportional valve 4.1 and in line 25. When the pressure in line 25 exceeds a preset limit, overpressure valve 10 opens, thereby reducing the pressure in line 25.

[0059] In the example shown, the pneumatic resistance element 5.1 is arranged upstream of the intake proportional valve 4.1. Alternatively, the intake proportional valve 4.1 may also be arranged upstream of the pneumatic resistance element 5.1.

[0060] Controller 3 receives and processes measurements from sensors 6.1 and 7.1, and controls the inspiratory proportional valve 4.1 based on the processed measurements. Controller 3 performs regulation aimed at ensuring that the actual time variation of the volumetric flow rate in line 25 follows a preset theoretical time variation of the volumetric flow rate. The required volumetric flow rate for breathing patient Pt can be between 1 L / min and 200 L / min.

[0061] It is also possible that the adjustment target is that the actual time change of pressure in pipeline 25 follows a preset theoretical change process.

[0062] The following components are arranged in the expiratory passage:

[0063] - Controlled expiratory proportioning valve 4.2, which serves as a valve assembly.

[0064] - Pneumatic resistance component 5.2,

[0065] - Volumetric flow sensor 6.2,

[0066] - Pressure sensor 7.2, and

[0067] - PEEP valve 11.

[0068] PEEP stands for Positive End-Expiratory Pressure. It is possible that the same component can perform the functions of both the proportional expiratory valve 4.2 and the PEEP valve 11.

[0069] Tube 31 extends from the patient-side connection unit 9 to the expiratory proportional valve 4.2. Tube 32 extends from the expiratory proportional valve 4.2 to the PEEP valve 11. Tube 33 extends from the PEEP valve 11 to the environment or back to the inspiratory channels 21 to 25. Tubes 31 to 33 belong to the expiratory channels through which exhaled air is guided. Tube 31 serves as a fluid guiding unit on the patient side and is located upstream, while tube 33 serves as a fluid guiding unit on the source side and is located downstream of the expiratory connection assembly 120.

[0070] If exhaled air is guided back to inspiratory channels 21 to 25 through expiratory channels 31 to 33, a breathing circuit is achieved. (The retraction occurs...) Figure 1 The diagram illustrates this point.

[0071] The expiratory proportional valve 4.2, the pneumatic resistance element 5.2, and the sensors 6.2 and 7.2 are designed to be identical to the corresponding components in the inspiratory channels 21 to 25. The PEEP valve 11 ensures that the end-expiratory pressure in the lungs of patient Pt does not fall below a preset limit.

[0072] In this embodiment, the volumetric flow rate (i.e., gas flow rate per unit time) through the inspiratory channels 21 to 25 to the patient-side connection unit 9, and the volumetric flow rate from the patient-side connection unit 9 through the expiratory channels 31 to 33, should each follow a preset time variation process. Figure 2 The upper part shows an exemplary required time change process for volumetric flow rate (Vol'), and the lower part shows an exemplary required time change process for pressure (P). The values ​​above the x-axis represent the flow of the gas mixture toward the patient Pt (inhalation), and the values ​​below the x-axis represent the flow away from the patient Pt (exhalation). Figure 2 The theoretical change process of pressure P is shown in solid lines at the bottom, and the actual change process of pressure P is shown in dashed lines.

[0073] At the two proportional valves 4.1 and 4.2, there are pre-pressure and post-pressure, respectively. At the inspiratory proportional valve 4.1, the pre-pressure is the pressure in line 24, and the post-pressure is the pressure in line 25. At the expiratory proportional valve 4.2, the pre-pressure is the pressure in line 32, and the post-pressure is the pressure in line 33. The post-pressure is less than or equal to the pre-pressure, or at most equal to the pre-pressure.

[0074] Figure 2The diagram illustrates the time adjustment range Rb and the time switching range Sb. In the switching range Sb, the pre-pressure and post-pressure differ significantly, and the valve is opened rapidly to quickly reduce this pressure difference. Typically, a large volumetric flow rate Vol' occurs in the switching range Sb. In the adjustment range Rb, the pre-pressure and post-pressure differ only relatively little, and the control pressure at valves 4.1 and 4.2 is adjusted. Typically, only a small volumetric flow rate Vol' occurs in the adjustment range Rb.

[0075] Normally, the expiratory proportional valve 4.2 is closed during the inspiratory phase, and the time-varying process of the volumetric flow rate Vol' is controlled by the inspiratory proportional valve 4.1. Conversely, during the expiratory phase, the inspiratory proportional valve 4.1 is closed, and the time-varying process of Vol' is controlled by the expiratory proportional valve 4.2. Figure 2 Two exceptions are indicated. During the inspiratory phase, the interfering quantity Sg.I affects the volumetric flow rate Vol' and pressure, while during the expiratory phase, the interfering quantity Sg.E affects both volumetric flow rate and pressure. For example, the interfering quantity Sg.I causes a relatively high difference between the pre- and post-pressure at the inspiratory proportional valve 4.1 during the inspiratory phase, or causes the patient Pt to cough. For example, the interfering quantity Sg.E causes the patient Pt to spontaneously inhale. To compensate for the effect of the interfering quantity Sg.I, the controller 3 causes the expiratory proportional valve 4.2 to be briefly opened during the inspiratory phase. Correspondingly, the controller 3 causes the inspiratory proportional valve 4.1 to be briefly opened during the expiratory phase to compensate for the effect of the interfering quantity Sg.E.

[0076] Figures 3 to 6 Three exemplary design schemes for the inspiratory proportioning valve 4.1 are shown. The expiratory proportioning valve 4.2 can be constructed accordingly. In these designs, the inspiratory proportioning valve 4.1 includes two valves 40.1 and 40.2 arranged in parallel, according to… Figure 6 The design also includes a third valve 40.3, which is arranged in parallel with valves 40.1 and 40.2. Each valve 40.1, 40.2, and 40.3 includes:

[0077] - Ideally circular recesses 41.1, 41.2, 41.3 made of rigid material.

[0078] - Enclosures in the form of flexible membranes or rigid plates 42.1, 42.2, 42.3, and

[0079] - Flexible seals 43.1, 43.2, 43.3.

[0080] Due to the flexible seals 43.1, 43.2, and 43.3, the closures 42.1, 42.2, and 42.3 are movable relative to the recesses 41.1, 41.2, and 41.3. The closures 42.1, 42.2, and 42.3 serve as valve bodies, and the recesses 41.1, 41.2, and 41.3 serve as valve body seats.

[0081] A first supply line 24.1 extends from line 24 to recess 41.1, a second supply line 24.2 extends from line 24 to recess 41.2, and a third supply line 24.3 extends from line 24 to recess 41.3. In the example shown below, there is a pre-pressure at one side of the closures 42.1, 42.2, and 42.3. In one design, the corresponding pre-pressure is equal to the pressure in supply lines 24.1, 24.2, and 24.3. The side of recesses 41.1, 41.2, and 41.3 pointing towards supply lines 24.1, 24.2, and 24.3 serves as the connection point for the pre-pressure side of valves 40.1, 40.2, and 40.3. The pressure in supply lines 24.1, 24.2, and 24.3, and therefore the pre-pressure, depends on the pressure in line 24 leading to the intake proportional valve 4.1. In one design scheme, the pressure in pipes 24, 24.1, 24.2, and 24.3 is the same.

[0082] In the example shown above, control pressure exists from the other side at the seals 42.1, 42.2, and 42.3. Seals 43.1, 43.2, and 43.3 are connection points on the control pressure side of valves 40.1, 40.2, and 40.3. At least two existing control pressures can be different from each other. The various design schemes differ particularly in how this control pressure is generated and how it changes as needed.

[0083] The first discharge pipe 25.1 extends from the gap between the closure 42.1 and the recess 41.1 to pipe 25; the second discharge pipe 25.2 extends from the gap between the closure 42.2 and the recess 41.2 to pipe 25; and the third discharge pipe 25.3 extends from the gap between the closure 42.3 and the recess 41.3 to pipe 25. The gaps between the closures 42.1, 42.2, 42.3 and the recesses 41.1, 41.2, 41.3 belong to the connection points on the rear pressure side of valves 40.1, 40.2, 40.3.

[0084] If the control pressure is greater than the pre-pressure, the sealing elements 42.1, 42.2, 42.3 are pressed against the recesses 41.1, 41.2, 41.3, sealing them completely. If the pre-pressure is greater than the control pressure, the sealing elements 42.1, 42.2, 42.3 move away from the recesses 41.1, 41.2, 41.3. This results in a volumetric flow rate through the gap between the recesses 41.1, 41.2, 41.3 and the sealing elements 42.1, 42.2, 42.3. This volumetric flow rate causes a post-pressure in the pipes 25.1, 25.2, 25.3. In one design, this post-pressure is equal to the pressure in pipe 25. The volumetric flow rate depends on the effective cross-sectional area between the closures 42.1, 42.2, 42.3 and the recesses 41.1, 41.2, 41.3.

[0085] The following explains why, according to the present invention, at least two valves connected in parallel (each having a recess, a closure, and a seal) are used instead of a single valve. As previously mentioned, the desired volumetric flow rate can vary between 1 L / min and 200 L / min. Despite this significant variation, the actual volumetric flow rate over time should differ only slightly from the desired variation. This objective is achieved through adjustment. It is precisely at relatively low volumetric flow rates that the spacing between the closure and the recess varies around the circumference of the closure, and / or the closure vibrates or “dances” on the recess—similar to a lid on a pot filled with boiling water. This can lead to the actual volumetric flow rate changing in an undesirable manner (e.g., oscillation) and / or becoming unreliable for measurement. In experiments, the inventors have found that this undesirable effect occurs less frequently and less strongly when at least two valves are used instead of a single valve.

[0086] exist Figure 3 and Figure 5 In the example, the diameter of recess 41.1 is smaller than the diameter of recess 41.2. Correspondingly, the diameter of closure 42.1 is smaller than the diameter of closure 42.2. Therefore, valve 40.1 will be referred to as the "smaller valve" and valve 40.2 as the "larger valve". Figure 4 In the example, the two recesses 41.1 and 41.2 have the same diameter, and the closures 42.1 and 42.2 also have the same diameter. Figure 6 In the example, the two recesses 41.2 and 41.3 have the same diameter, and this consistent diameter is smaller than the diameter of the recess 41.1.

[0087] According to Figure 3In the design, the intake proportional valve 4.1 also includes two fluid delivery units in the form of two controllable pumps 44.1 and 44.2. The controller 3 can independently control the two pumps 44.1 and 44.2.

[0088] Two pumps, 44.1 and 44.2, are connected to line 24 on the inlet side. The pressure in line 24 (excluding unavoidable leakage and other pressure drops) is equal to the pressure generated by blower 2 at its outlet. On the outlet side, pump 44.1 generates a control pressure for the smaller valve 40.1, and pump 44.2 generates a control pressure for the larger valve 41.2. The function of pump 44.1 is to ensure that the control pressure present at the smaller valve 40.1 is greater than or less than the pressure in line 24, and therefore greater than or less than the pressure generated by blower 2. For example, blower 2 generates a constant pressure of 30 mbar, while pump 44.1, depending on the operation, increases or decreases this pressure by a maximum of 20 bar, such that the control pressure at the smaller valve 40.1 is between 10 and 50 mbar. Pump 44.2 operates in the same manner. Because the connection points on the control pressure side of valves 40.1 and 40.2 are fluidly connected to line 24, it is not necessary for pumps 44.1 and 44.2 to apply control pressure separately. Instead, the pressure is controlled by superimposing the pressure in pipeline 24 with the pressure at the outlet of pumps 44.1 and 44.2.

[0089] In one implementation, a characteristic curve is preset for each valve 40.1, 40.2 and stored in a form that can be evaluated by a computer. The controller 3 automatically evaluates the corresponding characteristic curve to control the pumps 44.1, 44.2. The characteristic curve describes the control pressure to be achieved as a function of the volumetric flow rate to valves 40.1, 40.2. This characteristic curve may depend on the pressure generated by the blower 2.

[0090] Figure 7 Three characteristic lines KI.1, KI.2, and KI.3 of three different valves V.1, V.2, and V.3 are illustrated exemplarily, which are similar in construction to two valves 40.1 and 40.2 and connected in parallel. The diameter of the recess in valve V.3 is larger than that in valve V.2, and the diameter of the recess in valve V.2 is larger than that in valve V.1. The volumetric flow rate is expressed in [l / min] on the y-axis, and the difference ΔP_c between the preload pressure and the control pressure is expressed on the x-axis. When the difference ΔP_c > 0, the preload pressure is greater than the control pressure, and the valve is closed or at least largely closed. In this example, therefore, all three valves are open when the volumetric flow rate is large, and only two valves or even only one valve is open when the volumetric flow rate is small.

[0091] exist Figure 3 and Figure 6In the example, operating ranges are preset for each of the valves 40.1, 40.2, i.e., an operating range of a1 [l / min] to b1 [l / min] is preset for the smaller valve 40.1, and an operating range of a2 [l / min] to b2 [l / min] is preset for the larger valve 40.2. In Figure 6 the example, it is preferred to also preset an operating range of a2 [l / min] to b2 [l / min] for the third valve 40.3. Each operating range is a sub-range of the range of possible volume flows to the valves 40.1, 40.2. The operating range of the smaller valve 40.1 is to the left of the operating range of the larger valve 40.2, i.e., a1 < a2 and b1 < b2. Preferably, the two operating ranges overlap, i.e., a2 > b1. When the volume flow in the pipeline 24 is outside the operating range of a1 [l / min] to b1 [l / min], especially in the case of a large volume flow, the smaller valve 40.1 closes. When the volume flow in the pipeline 24 is outside the operating range of a2 [l / min] to b2 [l / min], i.e., in the case of a small volume flow, the larger valve 40.2 and the third valve 40.3 close. In Figure 3 the example, in addition, characteristic lines are preset for each operating range, which illustrate the control pressures to be implemented respectively. The controller 3 accordingly controls the two pumps 44.1 and 44.2.

[0092] In one design, the controller 3 uses the volume flow Vol' measured by the volume flow sensor 6.1 in the pipeline 24 and controls the two pumps 44.1 and 44.2 according to the stored characteristic lines. In another design, the controller 3 adjusts the corresponding control pressures present at the valves 40.1 and 40.2. Thus, on the one hand, the volume flow sensor 6.1 mentioned above measures the volume flow in the pipeline 24. The volume flow sensor 6.1.1 measures the volume flow in the supply pipeline 24.1 from the pipeline 24 to the smaller valve 40.1, and the volume flow sensor 6.1.2 measures the volume flow in the supply pipeline 24.2 from the pipeline 24 to the larger valve 40.2. Thus, in one implementation form, two pneumatic resistance elements 5.1.1 and 5.1.2 are arranged in the two supply pipelines 24.1 and 24.2 to the valves 40.1 and 40.2, and the volume flow sensor measures the pressure difference as a measure of the volume flow. The design with multiple volume flow sensors results in redundancy and / or enables error correction, because ideally, the volume flow measured by the sensor 6.1 in the pipeline 24 is equal to the sum of the volume flows measured by the sensors 6.1.1 and 6.1.2 from the pipeline 24 to the two valves 40.1 and 40.2.

[0093] When two valves 40.1 and 40.2 have recesses and closures of the same diameter, the control pressures of the two valves 40.1 and 40.2 can be set in the same way. The two control pressures can be identical. Alternatively, for valves 40.1 and 40.2 of the same size, the control pressures can be different.

[0094] Figure 4 A variation is shown in which the two valves 40.1 and 40.2 are of the same size, i.e., having equally sized recesses 41.1 and 41.2 and equally sized closures 42.1 and 42.2. In the illustrated design, the same control pressure is always present at both valves. This is achieved by using a single, controlled pump 44.3, instead of two pumps 44.1 and 44.2 connected in parallel. This single pump 44.3 generates the control pressure for both valve 40.1 and valve 40.2. The inlet of pump 44.3 is fluidly connected to line 24. Controller 3 operates pump 44.3.

[0095] According to Figure 5 In the design scheme, only one controlled pump 44.1 is used. (And...) Figure 3 As in the previous example, valve 40.1 is smaller than valve 40.2. Nevertheless, different control pressures typically exist at the two valves, 40.1 and 40.2. Pump 44.1 changes the pressure in line 24, and thus produces the smaller control pressure at valve 40.1, as shown in the reference. Figure 3 As described above. In the illustrated design, only schematically shown pipe 27 connects the supply pipe 24.1 to the smaller valve 40.1 to the inlet on the control pressure side of the larger valve 40.2. The control pressure present at the larger valve 40.2 is less than the pre-pressure present at the smaller valve 40.1, thus reducing the pressure drop caused by the pneumatic resistance element 5.1.1 and the flow through pipe 27. The control pressure is, for example:

[0096] P_c=P_v–R(5.1.1)*Vol'(27),

[0097] Where P_c is the control pressure at the larger valve 40.2, P_v is the pre-pressure at the smaller valve 40.1, R(5.1.1) is the pneumatic resistance of line 27, and Vol'(27) is the volumetric flow rate through line 27. The larger volumetric flow rate supplied to line 24.1 also results in a larger volumetric flow rate through line 27, and thus a smaller control pressure at the larger valve 40.2, which is therefore further opened. This, in turn, results in a larger volumetric flow rate from the larger valve 40.2 to line 25.

[0098] exist Figures 3 to 5In the embodiment shown, the inspiratory proportioning valve 4.1 includes two valves 40.1 and 40.2 connected in parallel. Alternatively, the inspiratory proportioning valve 4.1 may include three or more valves connected in parallel. The recesses of these valves may have the same diameter or at least two different diameters. Preferably, the expiratory proportioning valve 4.2 also includes at least two valves connected in parallel.

[0099] according to Figure 6 The design scheme is extended by the third valve 40.3 according to... Figure 5 The design scheme is as follows: Pipeline 27.1 connects to the control pressure side of the third valve 40.3 from the supply pipeline 24.2. The control pressure at the third valve 40.3 is less than the pre-pressure at the intermediate valve 40.2, which reduces the pressure drop caused by the pneumatic resistance element 5.1.2 and the flow through pipeline 27.1.

[0100] List of reference numerals

[0101] 1. A pressure reducer, connected to the supply port 20 at the inlet and to the pipeline 22 at the outlet.

[0102] 2. The blower of the ventilator 100 has an inlet E

[0103] 3. A controller for processing signals, which controls proportional valves 4.1 and 4.2, and pumps 44.1, 44.2, and 44.3.

[0104] 4.1 Proportional valves in the intake channels 21 to 25, controlled by controller 3, including valves 40.1, 40.2, and 40.3.

[0105] 4.2 The proportional valves in the expiratory channels 31 to 33 are controlled by the controller 3.

[0106] 5.1 Pneumatic resistance components in intake channels 21 to 25

[0107] 5.1.1 Pneumatic resistance component upstream of the smaller valve 40.1

[0108] 5.1.2 Pneumatic resistance component upstream of the larger valve 40.2

[0109] 5.1.3 Pneumatic resistance component upstream of the third valve 40.3

[0110] 5.2 Pneumatic resistance components in exhalation channels 31 to 33

[0111] 6.1 A volumetric flow sensor measures the pressure difference ΔP upstream and downstream of the pneumatic resistance element 5.1 and derives the volumetric flow rate in the pipe 24 of the intake channels 21 to 25.

[0112] 6.1.1 A volumetric flow sensor measures the pressure difference ΔP upstream and downstream of the pneumatic resistance element 5.1.1 and derives the volumetric flow rate through the supply line 24.1 to the smaller valve 40.1.

[0113] 6.1.2 A volumetric flow sensor measures the pressure difference ΔP upstream and downstream of the pneumatic resistance element 5.1.2 and derives the volumetric flow rate through the supply line 44.2 to the larger valve 40.2.

[0114] 6.1.3 A volumetric flow sensor measures the pressure difference ΔP upstream and downstream of the pneumatic resistance element 5.1.3 and derives the volumetric flow rate through the supply line 44.3 to the third valve 40.3.

[0115] 6.2 A volumetric flow sensor measures the pressure difference ΔP upstream and downstream of the pneumatic resistance element 5.2, and derives the volumetric flow rate in the exhalation channels 31 to 33.

[0116] 7.1 Pressure sensor that measures the pressure in the inhalation channels 21 to 25

[0117] 7.2 Pressure sensor that measures the pressure in expiratory channels 31 to 33

[0118] 8. Mixing point, through which pipes 22 and 23 lead, and where breathing air is mixed with pure oxygen.

[0119] 9. Patient-side connection unit, which connects to the patient Pt and ventilator 100.

[0120] 10. Overpressure valves in intake channels 21 to 25

[0121] 11 PEEP valves in expiratory channels 31 to 33

[0122] 12. Filter between inlet E and blower 2

[0123] The supply interface for pure oxygen in wall W 20

[0124] 21. Piping from supply interface 20 to pressure reducer 1

[0125] 22 Piping from pressure reducer 1 to mixing point 8

[0126] 23 Piping from blower 2 to mixing point 8

[0127] 24. Piping from mixing point 8 to intake proportioning valve 4.1

[0128] 24.1 First supply line, which leads from line 24 to the pre-pressure side connection of the smaller valve 40.1

[0129] 24.2 Second supply line, which leads from line 24 to the pre-pressure side connection of the larger valve 40.2

[0130] 24.3 The third supply line, which connects from line 24 to the pre-pressure side connection of the third valve 40.3.

[0131] 25. Tubing from inspiratory proportional valve 4.1 to patient-side connection unit 9

[0132] 25.1 The first discharge line, which leads from the post-pressure side connection of the smaller valve 40.1 to line 25

[0133] 25.2 The second discharge line extends from the pressure-side connection of the larger valve 40.2 to line 25.

[0134] 25.3 The third discharge line, which connects to the pressure-side connection of the third valve 40.3, leads to line 25.

[0135] 27. Piping from supply line 24.1 to the control pressure side connection of the larger valve 40.2

[0136] 27.1 Piping from supply line 24.2 to the control pressure side connection of the third valve 40.3

[0137] 30. A knob that the user can turn to set the required oxygen content in the gas mixture delivered to the patient-side connection unit 9.

[0138] 31. Tubing from patient-side connection unit 9 to expiratory proportional valve 4.2

[0139] 32. Line from expiratory proportional valve 4.2 to PEEP valve 11

[0140] 33. Piping from PEEP valve 11 to the environment or to intake passages 21 to 25

[0141] 40.1 A smaller valve, comprising a recess 41.1, a diaphragm 42.1, and a seal 43.1

[0142] 40.2 A larger valve, comprising a recess 41.2, a diaphragm 42.2, and a seal 43.2.

[0143] 40.3 A third valve, comprising a recess 41.3, a diaphragm 42.3, and a seal 43.3.

[0144] 41.1 Smaller valve recess 40.1

[0145] 41.2 Larger valve recesses 40.2

[0146] 41.3 The recessed portion of the third valve 40.3

[0147] 42.1 Smaller valves 40.1 with diaphragm or plate closures that restrict the connection on the downstream pressure side.

[0148] 42.2 Larger valves 40.2 with diaphragm or plate closures that restrict the connection on the downstream pressure side.

[0149] 42.3 The diaphragm or plate closure of the third valve 40.3 restricts the connection on the downstream pressure side.

[0150] 43.1 The seal of the smaller valve 40.1, which restricts the connection on the control pressure side.

[0151] 43.2 The seal of the larger valve 40.2, which restricts the connection on the control pressure side.

[0152] 43.3 The seal of the third valve 40.3, which restricts the connection on the control pressure side.

[0153] 44.1 The first pump is controlled, which achieves the control pressure of the smaller valve 40.1.

[0154] 44.2 A controlled second pump, which achieves the control pressure of the larger valve 40.2.

[0155] 44.3 A controlled common pump that achieves pressure control for two valves 40.1 and 40.2.

[0156] 100. A ventilator that uses connecting components 110 and 120 to maintain the breathing circuit in the breathing circuit.

[0157] 110 Inspiratory connection assembly, which guides the gas mixture to the patient-side connection unit 9

[0158] 120 Expiratory connection assembly, which discharges the gas mixture from the patient-side connection unit 9.

[0159] ΔP represents the pressure difference at points 5.1, 5.1.1, 5.1.2, 5.1.3, and 5.2 of the pneumatic resistance components.

[0160] Inlet E, through which ambient air flows to blower 2, serving as the source for intake channels 21 to 25.

[0161] Characteristic curves KI.1, KI.2, and KI.3 determine the target control pressure based on volumetric flow rate.

[0162] P Time-varying pressure in inspiratory channels 21 to 25 and expiratory channels 31 to 33

[0163] The patient, Pt, was receiving artificial respiration via ventilator 100 and was wearing a patient-side connection unit 9.

[0164] Rb is the time adjustment range within which the control pressure at the intake proportional valve 4.1 is adjusted.

[0165] Sb is the time switching range within which the control pressure at the intake proportional valve 4.1 is changed by switching.

[0166] Sg.E. interferences, which affect pressure P and volumetric flow rate Vol' during the expiratory phase.

[0167] Sg.I. Disturbances, which affect pressure P and volumetric flow rate Vol' during the intake phase.

[0168] Vol' volumetric flow rate through the pipeline

[0169] The W wall has a supply port 20 for pure oxygen.

Claims

1. A connecting assembly (110, 120) for use in - Source (8) or sink of gas mixture - The patient-side connection unit (9) is connected. in, The patient-side connection unit (9) is at least temporarily connected to or can be connected to the patient (Pt). The connection components (110, 120) include: - Source-side fluid guiding unit, - Patient-side fluid guidance unit, and - A valve assembly (4.1, 4.2) having a first valve (40.1) and a second valve (40.2). The source-side fluid guiding unit is capable of establishing, or at least temporarily establishing, a fluid connection between the source (8) or the manifold and the valve assembly (4.1, 4.2). The patient-side fluid guiding unit is capable of establishing, or at least temporarily establishing, a fluid connection between the patient-side connecting unit (9) and the valve assembly (4.1, 4.2). The valve assembly (4.1, 4.2) includes the first valve (40.1) and the second valve (40.2). - Parallel connection, and Both are arranged between the source-side fluid guiding unit and the patient-side fluid guiding unit. The connecting components (110, 120) are designed such that the gas mixture - Flows in the flow direction from the source (8) to the patient-side connection unit (9) or from the patient-side connection unit (9) to the sink, and - During flow from a fluid guiding unit arranged upstream of the valve assembly (4.1) with respect to the flow direction to a fluid guiding unit arranged downstream of the valve assembly (4.1, 4.2), the flow passes through the first valve (40.1) and / or the second valve (40.2). The connecting components (110, 120) are designed to be such that, - Control pressures are set at the first valve (40.1) and the second valve (40.2) of the valve assembly (4.1, 4.2), respectively, and - The volumetric flow rate through the fluid guiding unit located downstream and / or the pressure within the fluid guiding unit located downstream are controlled or regulated by setting the control pressure at each valve. The objective of the control or regulation is to ensure that the time variation of the actual volumetric flow rate of the fluid guiding unit located downstream and / or the pressure in the fluid guiding unit located downstream follows a preset time variation process.

2. The connecting components (110, 120) according to claim 1, Its features are, There is a pre-pressure at each valve in the valve assembly (4.1, 4.2), and the corresponding pre-pressure depends on the pressure in the fluid guiding unit arranged upstream. The volumetric flow rate (Vol') through the fluid guiding unit located downstream depends on the corresponding pre-pressure and the corresponding control pressure present at each valve.

3. The connecting assembly (110, 120) according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, Each valve in the valve assembly (4.1, 4.2) includes a valve body and a valve body seat. The valve body seat is capable of allowing fluid to flow through it. The valve body is movable relative to the valve body seat.

4. The connecting components (110, 120) according to claim 3, Its features are, The cross-sectional area of ​​the valve body seat of the first valve (40.1) is smaller than that of the valve body seat of the other valve.

5. The connecting assembly (110, 120) according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, At least one valve (40.1, 40.2) is associated with a controllable fluid delivery unit (44.1, 44.2). The fluid delivery units (44.1, 44.2) are designed to be set at the control pressure present at the associated valves (40.1, 40.2), and The connection assembly (110, 120) is designed to set the control pressure at the valve (40.1, 40.2) by manipulating the fluid delivery unit (44.1, 44.2) associated with the valve (40.1, 40.2).

6. The connecting components (110, 120) according to claim 5, Its features are, The connection assembly (110, 120) includes at least one volumetric flow sensor (6.1, 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.3). The volumetric flow sensors (6.1, 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.3) are designed to measure the volumetric flow rate through the upstream fluid guiding unit (24) to the valves arranged in parallel. The connecting components (110, 120) are designed to control the fluid delivery unit (44.1, 44.2) based on the measured volumetric flow rate of each valve arranged in parallel.

7. The connecting assembly (110, 120) according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, Each valve includes: - Connection point on the front pressure side, - The connection point on the rear pressure side, and - Control the connection points on the pressure side. The connection point on the upstream pressure side is fluidly connected to the fluid guiding unit located upstream. The connection point on the rear pressure side is fluidly connected to the fluid guiding unit located downstream, and Among them, at the connection point on the control pressure side, there is a control pressure that can be set or is to be set at each valve.

8. The connection assembly (110, 120) according to claim 7, Its features are, The pressure-side connection of the first valve (40.1) in the valve is fluidly connected to the control pressure-side connection of the second valve (40.2) in the valve.

9. The connection assembly (110, 120) according to claim 8, Its features are, The connecting assembly (110, 120) includes, in addition to the second valve (40.2), a third valve having a control pressure-side connection portion. The three valves are connected in parallel and arranged between the source-side fluid guiding unit and the patient-side fluid guiding unit. The pre-pressure side connection of the second valve (40.2) is fluidly connected to the control pressure side connection of the third valve.

10. The connection assembly (110, 120) according to claim 8 or claim 9, Its features are, The first valve (40.1) is associated with a controllable fluid delivery unit. The fluid delivery unit is designed to set the control pressure present at the first valve (40.1), and The connection assembly is designed such that the control pressure present at the second valve (40.2) is set according to the pre-pressure and control pressure present at the first valve (40.1).

11. The connection assembly (110, 120) according to claim 2, Its features are, The upstream pressure is equal to the pressure in the fluid guiding unit located upstream.

12. The connecting components (110, 120) according to claim 5, Its features are, The fluid delivery units (44.1, 44.2) are pumps.

13. A supply assembly for supplying a gas mixture comprising oxygen to a patient-side connection unit (9), in, The supply components include: - Conveying unit (2), and - The connection component (110, 120) according to any one of the preceding claims, The delivery unit (2) is designed to deliver the gas mixture to the patient-side connection unit (9) in such a way that... The gas mixture - From the source (8) of the gas mixture - First, through the source-side fluid guiding unit. - Then through the valve assembly (4.1), and - Then through the patient-side fluid guiding unit - Flow to the patient-side connection unit (9).

14. The supply component according to claim 13, Its features are, The supply component includes a mixing point, and, The supply assembly is designed to generate the gas mixture at the mixing point by mixing at least two gas components. The mixing point serves as the source of the gas mixture.

15. An exhaust assembly for exhausting a gas mixture including oxygen from a patient-side connection unit (9), in, The discharge assembly includes the connecting assembly (110, 120) according to any one of claims 1 to 12. The discharge assembly is designed as follows: The gas mixture - From the patient-side connection unit (9) - First, through the patient-side fluid guidance unit. - Then through the valve assembly (4.2), and - Then through the source-side fluid guiding unit - Flow to the confluence.

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