Self-feedback monitoring system for improving fishway fish passing efficiency

Abstract

The application discloses a self-feedback monitoring system for improving fishway fish passing efficiency, and belongs to the field of fish passing facility construction of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and the self-feedback monitoring system for improving fishway fish passing efficiency is used for enabling the fishway to help the hindered fish bodies to pass through the fishway vertical joint through monitoring and automatic scheduling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a self-feedback monitoring system for improving the efficiency of fish passage in fishways, belonging to the field of fish passage facility construction in water conservancy and hydropower projects. Background Technology

[0002] Fishways are important facilities for connecting fish migration routes and are a key component of ecological protection and restoration technologies in water conservancy projects.

[0003] Vertical slotted fishways are a commonly used fishway design in engineering. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the fishway is a vertical slit running from top to bottom through the fish hole. Based on the complexity of the slit structure, it can be divided into general vertical slit type and vertical slit type with guide plates, etc. Based on the number of slits, it can be divided into double-sided and single-sided vertical slit types, etc. The vertical slit type mainly utilizes the diffusion and counter-current effects of water flow to dissipate energy, and its energy dissipation effect is more complete than that of general orifice type and overflow weir type, but its flow pattern is complex. The most famous example of a vertical slit fishway is the Hell's Gate fishway on the Fraser River in Canada, and this type is currently widely used abroad. In my country, single-sided guide vertical slit fishways include the Limin River Sluice Fishway, the Qililong Fishway in Zhejiang, the Yuxi Sluice Fishway in Anhui, and the Xijiang Fish Weir Fishway in Guangxi.

[0004] Due to differences in fish behavior, the operational effectiveness of fishways varies. In particular, the efficiency of fish passage varies greatly. Sometimes, through fishway fishing surveys or fixed-position monitoring from a fishway observation room, it can be observed that many fish gather at the fishway entrance or remain in a certain section of the fishway for a long time, unable to swim to the next section. In such cases, adjusting the upstream water flow or the flow field characteristics of the section will allow these fish to easily enter the fishway or swim to the next section.

[0005] However, since fishways are typically designed with only a gate at the upstream exit, the only adjustable feature is this gate. The inventors made some adjustments to the upstream gate in practice and found it helped improve fish passage. However, this adjustment has two drawbacks: 1. Fishway operators cannot adjust the gates in real time, and fish being blocked often goes unnoticed; 2. The fishway has too few adjustable mechanisms, meaning that even after adjusting the gates, there are still many situations where fish cannot pass through. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the above problems, this invention discloses a self-feedback monitoring system to improve the efficiency of fish passage in fishways, with the aim of solving the problem of fish being blocked at the entrance of the fishway or in the fishway pool.

[0007] The present invention discloses a self-feedback monitoring system for improving the efficiency of fish passage in fishways. Before the system is built, the fish passage situation in the fishway is monitored and analyzed.

[0008] The monitoring steps are as follows:

[0009] a) Install monitoring equipment;

[0010] a1) For fish passages with good visibility during the fish passage period, install video monitoring devices; the video monitoring devices are installed downstream of the fish passage entrance and downstream of the vertical joints of each pool chamber;

[0011] a2) For fish passages with poor visibility during the fish passage period, install PIT marker monitoring devices; the monitoring devices are installed downstream of the fish passage entrance and downstream of the vertical slits in each pool chamber.

[0012] b) Judgment and analysis of monitoring results;

[0013] When individuals that have crossed the dam are found to linger and repeatedly appear at a certain location in the video or among the fish marked by PIT, the fishway operation should first be reviewed to ensure that the fishway is not experiencing the following conditions:

[0014] Changes in water levels upstream and downstream of the fishway do not meet the original design requirements, and new low-speed fish species have appeared in the fishway, requiring a redefinition of the fish species crossing the dam.

[0015] Proceed to the next steps if the fishway does not present any of the above-mentioned situations requiring structural modifications.

[0016] c) Adjust the fishway outlet gate to obtain the relationship between the gate's movement and the fish's upward movement;

[0017] Adjusting the fishway outlet gate will affect the inflow rate of the fishway, which in turn will affect the water level of the fishway.

[0018] The following three situations may occur after the adjustment:

[0019] c1) If a fish that is stationary at the entrance of the fishway or at a certain point in the fishway swims into the fishway or passes through the upstream vertical slit, it indicates that the adjustment is effective and the adjustment method is stored in the set of effective values ​​for automatic control.

[0020] c2) If a fish that is stuck at the entrance of the fishway or at a certain point in the fishway has not entered the fishway or passed through the upstream vertical gap, it means that the adjustment is invalid and the gate should be readjusted.

[0021] c3) If repeated adjustments still fail to make the fish continue to move upwards, then step d) is used to adjust the flow field of the fishway;

[0022] d) Fishway flow field adjustment refers to installing a controllable energy dissipation baffle in the fishway and adjusting the angle of the energy dissipation baffle when facing different fish passing objects, so that fish can quickly find an upward passage.

[0023] The aforementioned controllable energy dissipation baffle is installed in the next-level pool chamber above the pool chamber where fish cannot pass through;

[0024] When the aforementioned controllable energy dissipation baffle is installed, the distance from the downstream vertical joint shall not exceed 50cm and shall not be less than 35cm.

[0025] The aforementioned controllable energy dissipation baffle includes: a longitudinal support frame for the baffle, a transverse support frame for the baffle, and a water flow adjustment plate;

[0026] The aforementioned longitudinal support frame for the baffle is fixed to the fishway partition.

[0027] The aforementioned longitudinal support frame and transverse support frame of the baffle are fixed together by a threaded lifting shaft;

[0028] The aforementioned water flow adjustment plate occupies 50% to 65% of the length of the transverse support frame of the baffle;

[0029] The aforementioned water flow adjustment plate consists of multiple louvered blades, with a maximum opening angle of 90° and a single louvered blade height of 35cm. It is fixed to the horizontal support frame of the baffle via a pivot.

[0030] The aforementioned louver switch is controlled by a linkage mechanism and driven by a stepper motor;

[0031] The aforementioned threaded lifting shaft uses a wirelessly controlled servo motor to drive the crown gear for lifting.

[0032] The aforementioned louver blade cross-section curve consists of multiple straight lines and multiple curves connected together;

[0033] The aforementioned curves include: circular arcs and elliptical curves;

[0034] The elliptic curve mentioned above is the head-top water curve, and its equation is: ;

[0035] Connect the upper straight line segment;

[0036] Connect the following line segments sequentially below:

[0037] Circular arc radius 7, central angle 66°; circular arc radius 5, central angle 90°; circular arc radius 16, central angle 33°; circular arc radius 8, central angle 47°; straight line segment;

[0038] When fish are found staying in the fishway pool, the longitudinal support frame of the upper baffle is lowered into the water from the top of the fishway, and the transverse support frame of the baffle begins to block the water. The water flow changes its speed and direction under the action of the louvers. After being stimulated by the water flow, the fish find the area with lower flow velocity and pass through the entrance or vertical slit area.

[0039] e) When the fish that have been staying enter the next level of the pool, it indicates that the adjustment method of the controllable energy dissipation baffle is effective, and the adjustment method of the controllable energy dissipation baffle is stored in the set of effective values ​​for automatic control.

[0040] Based on the monitoring, analysis, and modification prior to the construction of the above system, this invention provides a self-feedback monitoring system for improving fish passage efficiency in fishways, comprising the following:

[0041] Fishway monitoring system, fishway outlet gate and its control system, fishway controllable energy dissipation baffle and its control system, and set of effective values ​​for automatic control of fishway outlet gate and fishway controllable energy dissipation baffle.

[0042] The above system operates as follows:

[0043] 1) The fishway monitoring system monitors the status of fish passing through the fishway in real time. When the identification system detects that there is a fish blocked in a certain place in the fishway and the alarm threshold is reached, the scheduling plan is activated.

[0044] 2) The control system of the fishway outlet gate controls the opening and closing of the outlet gate to achieve the effective value of automatic control recorded in advance during system debugging. When this scheduling is effective, the gate position returns to the initial state after the number of blocked fish is lower than the alarm threshold; when the scheduling is ineffective, the gate position returns to the initial state and the next scheduling is performed.

[0045] 3) The angle of the controllable energy dissipation baffle in the fishway is controlled by the fishway controllable energy dissipation baffle system, so that it completes the effective value of automatic control recorded in advance during system debugging. When this scheduling is effective, the controllable energy dissipation baffle returns to the initial state after the number of blocked fish is lower than the alarm threshold, and waits for the next scheduling. When the scheduling is ineffective, the fishway controllable energy dissipation baffle performs a full-stroke adjustment from 0 to 90°, stopping for 15 minutes every 10°. At the same time, the monitoring system calculates the number of fish that are stopped. When the number of fish is lower than the alarm threshold, the adjustment method of the controllable energy dissipation baffle is stored in the set of effective values ​​of automatic control.

[0046] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0047] This invention proposes a self-feedback monitoring system to improve the efficiency of fish passage through fishways, enabling fishways to help obstructed fish pass through the vertical gaps of the fishway through monitoring and automatic scheduling. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of fishway layout in existing technology;

[0049] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of adding controllable energy dissipation baffles between pool chambers;

[0050] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the controllable energy dissipation baffle fully open;

[0051] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the controllable energy dissipation baffle fully closed;

[0052] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the streamline shape and fish distribution of a controllable energy dissipation baffle when it is partially opened under water flow conditions.

[0053] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the controllable energy dissipation baffle;

[0054] Figure 7 Overall schematic diagram of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1

[0056] After the fishway was completed, the fish passage situation was monitored and analyzed.

[0057] a) Install monitoring equipment

[0058] a1) In this embodiment, a video monitoring device is installed in the fishway where the visibility is relatively good during the fish passage; the video monitoring device is installed downstream of the fishway entrance and downstream of the vertical seam of each pool chamber;

[0059] b) Judgment and analysis of monitoring results

[0060] The video shows 15 individuals that crossed the dam and remained in the fourth pool near the exit for an extended period of time.

[0061] The monitoring personnel reviewed the operation of the fishway to ensure that the water levels upstream and downstream of the fishway met the original design requirements, and that any individuals in the fishway that could not swim upstream were the original fish passage targets.

[0062] c) Manually adjust the fishway outlet gate. When the fishway outlet gate is closed to 0.6, 9 out of the 15 fish in the 4th tank chamber swim through the upstream vertical gap. The number of fish exceeding the warning threshold in the 4th tank chamber near the outlet and the outlet gate opening of 0.6 are stored in the automatic control effective value set. Example 2

[0063] Similar to Example 1, after the fishway was built, the fish passage situation was first monitored and analyzed.

[0064] a) Install monitoring equipment

[0065] a1) In this embodiment, a video monitoring device is installed in the fishway where the visibility is relatively good during the fish passage; the video monitoring device is installed downstream of the fishway entrance and downstream of the vertical seam of each pool chamber;

[0066] b) Judgment and analysis of monitoring results

[0067] The video shows 17 fish that lingered near the fishway entrance for an extended period of time.

[0068] The monitoring personnel reviewed the operation of the fishway to ensure that the water levels upstream and downstream of the fishway met the original design requirements, and that any individuals in the fishway that could not swim upstream were the original fish passage targets.

[0069] When the fishway exit gate was manually adjusted to a depth of 0.1-1.0, none of the 17 fish were able to swim into the fishway.

[0070] A controllable energy dissipation baffle is installed at the vertical joint of the downstream pool chamber. The controllable energy dissipation baffle includes: a longitudinal support frame 21, a transverse support frame 22, and a water flow adjustment plate 23.

[0071] When the aforementioned controllable energy dissipation baffle is installed, the distance from the downstream vertical joint shall not exceed 50cm and shall not be less than 35cm.

[0072] The aforementioned longitudinal support frame 21 of the baffle is fixed to the fishway partition;

[0073] The aforementioned longitudinal support frame 21 and transverse support frame 22 of the baffle are fixed together by a threaded lifting shaft 24;

[0074] The aforementioned water flow adjustment plate 23 occupies 50%~65% of the length of the transverse support frame 22 of the baffle;

[0075] The aforementioned water flow adjustment plate 23 consists of multiple louvered blades, with a maximum opening angle of 90° and a single louvered blade height of 35cm. It is fixed to the horizontal support frame 22 of the baffle via a pivot.

[0076] The aforementioned threaded lifting shaft 24 uses a wirelessly controlled servo motor to drive the crown gear for lifting.

[0077] The aforementioned louver switch is controlled by a linkage mechanism and driven by a stepper motor;

[0078] The aforementioned louver blade cross-section curve consists of multiple straight lines and multiple curves connected together;

[0079] The aforementioned curves include: circular arcs and elliptical curves;

[0080] The elliptic curve mentioned above is the head-top water curve, and its equation is: ;

[0081] Connect the upper straight line segment;

[0082] Connect the following line segments sequentially below:

[0083] Circular arc radius 7, central angle 66°; circular arc radius 5, central angle 90°; circular arc radius 16, central angle 33°; circular arc radius 8, central angle 47°; straight line segment;

[0084] The longitudinal support frame of the baffle is lowered into the water from the top of the fishway, and the transverse support frame of the baffle begins to block the water. The water flow changes its speed and direction under the action of the louvers. After being stimulated by the water flow, 10 fish find the area with lower flow velocity and pass through the entrance or vertical slit area.

Claims

1. A self-feedback monitoring system for improving fish passage efficiency in fishways, characterized in that: Includes the following: Fishway monitoring system, fishway outlet gate and its control system, fishway controllable energy dissipation baffle and its control system, and set of effective values ​​for automatic control of fishway outlet gate and fishway controllable energy dissipation baffle. The above system operates as follows: 1) The fishway monitoring system monitors the status of fish passing through the fishway in real time. When the identification system detects that there is a fish obstructed in a certain place in the fishway and the alarm threshold is reached, the scheduling plan is activated. 2) The control system of the fishway outlet gate controls the opening and closing of the outlet gate to achieve the effective value of automatic control recorded in advance during system debugging. When this scheduling is effective, the gate position returns to the initial state after the number of blocked fish is lower than the alarm threshold; when the scheduling is ineffective, the gate position returns to the initial state and the next scheduling is performed. 3) The angle of the controllable energy dissipation baffle in the fishway is controlled by the fishway controllable energy dissipation baffle system, so that it completes the effective value of automatic control recorded in advance during system debugging. When this scheduling is effective, the controllable energy dissipation baffle returns to the initial state after the number of blocked fish is lower than the alarm threshold, waiting for the next scheduling. When the scheduling is ineffective, the fishway controllable energy dissipation baffle performs a full-stroke adjustment from 0 to 90°, stopping for 15 minutes every 10°. At the same time, the monitoring system calculates the number of fish that are stopped. When the number of fish is lower than the alarm threshold, the adjustment method of the controllable energy dissipation baffle is stored in the set of effective values ​​of automatic control, and the controllable energy dissipation baffle returns to the initial state.

2. The self-feedback monitoring system for improving fish passage efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before system construction, the fish passage conditions in the fishway must be monitored and analyzed; the monitoring steps are as follows: Install monitoring equipment a1) For fish passages with good visibility during the fish passage period, install video monitoring devices; the video monitoring devices are installed downstream of the fish passage entrance and downstream of the vertical joints of each pool chamber; a2) For fish passages with poor visibility during the fish passage period, install PIT marker monitoring devices; the monitoring devices are installed downstream of the fish passage entrance and downstream of the vertical slits in each pool chamber; Judgment and analysis of monitoring results When individuals that have crossed the dam are found to linger and repeatedly appear at a certain location in the video or among the fish marked by PIT, the fishway operation should first be checked to ensure that the fishway is not experiencing the following conditions: Changes in water levels upstream and downstream of the fishway do not meet the original design requirements, and new low-speed fish species have appeared in the fishway, requiring a redefinition of the fish species crossing the dam. Proceed to the next steps if the fishway does not present any of the above-mentioned situations requiring structural modifications. Adjusting the fishway exit gate to obtain the relationship between the gate's movement and the fish's ascent. Adjusting the fishway outlet gate will affect the inflow rate of the fishway, which in turn will affect the water level of the fishway. The following three situations may occur after the adjustment: c1) If a fish that is stationary at the entrance of the fishway or at a certain point in the fishway swims into the fishway or passes through the upstream vertical slit, it indicates that the adjustment is effective and the adjustment method is stored in the set of effective values ​​for automatic control. c2) If a fish that is stuck at the entrance of the fishway or at a certain point in the fishway has not entered the fishway or passed through the upstream vertical gap, it means that the adjustment is invalid and the gate should be readjusted. c3) If repeated adjustments still fail to make the fish continue to move upwards, then step d) is used to adjust the flow field of the fishway; The relationship between the attitude of the controllable energy dissipation baffle and the upward movement of fish was obtained by adjusting the controllable energy dissipation baffle.

3. A controllable energy dissipation baffle according to claim 2, characterized in that: Its function is to adjust the angle of the energy dissipation baffle when facing different fish, so that the fish can quickly find an upward passage. The installation method is as follows: the controllable energy dissipation baffle is installed in the upper level pool chamber of the pool chamber that fish cannot pass through; the distance between the controllable energy dissipation baffle and the downstream vertical seam should not exceed 50cm and should not be less than 35cm.

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