A fruit post-harvest sterilization and conveying production line

Abstract

The present invention relates to a post-harvest sterilization and conveying production line for fruits, which solves the problem that the fruit pulp of bayberry-type fruits is exposed to the outside and the time for water to remain on the surface of the fruit needs to be minimized during the spray sterilization process. A plurality of groups of conveyor belts are arranged on the workbench of the device, each group of conveyor belts is composed of a first conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt, an inclined lower hopper is arranged on the upper part of the front end of the conveyor belt, and a lower hopper is provided with a lowering port for each group of conveyor belts, and a first nozzle and a second nozzle for spraying sterilizing liquid are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction on the rear side of the lower hopper above the front part of each group of conveyor belts, an incoming material sensor is arranged on the front side of the first nozzle, a discharging slope is arranged below the rear end of the conveyor belt, a tray rack is arranged on the rear side of the discharging slope, a tray track is arranged on the tray rack, and the tray is fed from the tray track and aligned with the end of the discharging slope. The present invention disperses and conveys bayberry-type fruits and performs sterilization spraying, and the sterilization liquid is sprayed evenly and the water can be fully controlled during the transportation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of post-harvest fruit processing, relates to fruit picking and sterilization equipment, and in particular to a post-harvest fruit sterilization and conveying production line. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the industry and people's higher requirements for the quality of life, people have higher requirements for the quality of fruits consumed in daily life. For fruits that are eaten directly without peels, such as bayberry, they need to go through a series of processes such as sorting, sterilization, and packaging after picking to ensure the quality of the fruit. Bayberry-type fruits are exposed to the outside during production in the wild, and the growth environment is complex. Sterilization after picking can effectively extend the shelf life and give full play to the economic value of the fruit. However, bayberry-type fruits cannot be cleaned after picking because the flesh is directly exposed to the outside. They need to be kept dry during sterilization and packaging to minimize the residual time of moisture on the surface of the fruit. The current sterilization of bayberry after picking is usually done by manually spraying a sterilizing liquid, and the sterilization spraying is uneven, and too much bayberry stacking will cause moisture to accumulate on the surface of the bayberry, affecting the quality.

[0003] Chinese patent application number 2021116519210 discloses a method for reducing pesticides for post-harvest preservation of bayberry. By spraying a low-concentration peracetic acid sterilizing solution in combination with atmospheric plasma treatment, the purpose of reducing pesticides and increasing efficiency for post-harvest preservation of bayberry can be achieved. The sterilizing solution spraying in this method can be handled manually in the laboratory method, but the uniformity of the manual spraying method cannot be guaranteed, and it cannot be applied industrially. In particular, the residual time of the sterilizing solution in the industrial process is too long, which will affect the preservation of bayberry fruit. At present, there is no good way to directly solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the fruit pulp of bayberry type fruits is exposed to the outside and the time that moisture remains on the surface of the fruit needs to be minimized during the spray sterilization process. A fruit post-harvest sterilization and conveying production line is provided, which can disperse and convey the bayberries after size sorting, spray the sterilization liquid separately and evenly, and quickly remove excess moisture on the surface of the pulp. The width of the conveyor belt can be adjusted according to the shape of the bayberry fruit during the conveying process to reduce the falling of the bayberries during the conveying process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a fruit post-harvest sterilization conveying production line, including a workbench, on which a plurality of groups of conveyor belts are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction, each group of conveyor belts consists of a first conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt, an upper portion of the front end of the conveyor belt is provided with an inclined lower hopper, and the lower hopper is provided with a lowering port for each group of conveyor belts, and a first nozzle and a second nozzle for spraying sterilizing liquid are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction on the rear side of the lower hopper above the front portion of each group of conveyor belts, a material incoming sensor is arranged on the front side of the first nozzle, a discharging slope is arranged below the rear end of the conveyor belt, a pallet rack is arranged on the rear side of the discharging slope, a pallet track is arranged on the pallet rack, and the pallet is fed from the pallet track and aligned with the end of the discharging slope.

[0006] Taking bayberry as an example, in this device, the bayberry after size sorting can be introduced into the lower hopper, and the lower hopper drops from each discharge port onto the conveyor belt for dispersion and separate transportation. When the incoming material sensor detects that the current conveyor belt has bayberries coming, the first nozzle sprays the sterilization liquid, and then the second nozzle sprays the sterilization liquid after a fixed interval according to the conveying speed of the conveyor belt. In order to ensure that the sterilization liquid is sprayed evenly, a third nozzle can also be set behind the second nozzle. During the backward transportation of the bayberry sprayed with the sterilization liquid, the excess water drips from the gap of the conveyor belt, and there is very little water when it is discharged from the rear end to the tray. After each tray uses a weighing sensor to collect the bayberries of a fixed weight, they are uniformly sent to the plasma sterilization chamber. The plasma sterilization chamber uses plasma gas to blow for 3-5 minutes to achieve plasma sterilization and dry the residual water in the sterilization liquid.

[0007] Preferably, each first conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of first pulleys in the longitudinal direction, the first pulleys of adjacent first conveyor belts are aligned transversely, and all the mutually aligned first pulleys are arranged on the same first rotating shaft; each second conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of second pulleys in the longitudinal direction, the second pulleys of adjacent second conveyor belts are aligned transversely, and the mutually aligned second pulleys are arranged on the same second rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are parallel to each other and staggered, and the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft can be adjusted by transverse telescopic adjustment; or both the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft can be adjusted by transverse telescopic adjustment. The spacing between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt can be adjusted by transverse telescopic adjustment of the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft. Taking bayberry as an example, the outer diameter of the bayberry after sorting is basically the same, and the spacing between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt can be adjusted according to the outer diameter of the bayberry.

[0008] Preferably, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft at the front end of the conveyor belt are active rotating shafts.

[0009] Preferably, a discharge gap of not less than 10 cm is left between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft at the rear end, that is, the longitudinal spacing between the first conveyor belt end and the second conveyor belt end is not less than 10 cm, and the fruit is discharged from between the first conveyor belt end and the second conveyor belt end, and the work table below the discharge gap is beveled to form a discharge slope that is higher in the front and lower in the back. In traditional conveyor belts, the fruit is delivered from the ends of the conveyor belts. In the present application, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are not coaxial, so the ends of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are not flush. Therefore, the present application increases the spacing between the ends of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, and sets a discharge slope below the gap between the ends of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt. The discharge to the slope solves the discharge problem caused by the uneven ends of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt.

[0010] Preferably, there is a speed difference between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, and the speed difference does not exceed 5% of the average speed of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt. Taking bayberry as an example, the speed difference between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt can be adjusted according to the size of the bayberry to ensure that the bayberry can rotate more than one circle between the first nozzle and the second nozzle, so that the two nozzles can spray and sterilize the bayberry as evenly as possible.

[0011] Preferably, the workbench is provided with a groove below the conveyor belt, and a plurality of air suction ports are arranged on the bottom surface of the groove in a longitudinal direction, and the air suction ports are connected to an air suction pump. Air suction below the workbench can reduce moisture during the conveying process, suck out the residual moisture, and reduce the diffusion of the sterilization liquid, thus forming a more friendly sterilization working environment.

[0012] Preferably, the workbench is provided with a grooved cover plate above the conveyor belt, the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the incoming material sensor are mounted on the grooved cover plate, and a grid strip-shaped hollow is arranged on the top surface of the rear part of the grooved cover plate. The grooved cover plate can cooperate with the suction under the workbench to reduce the evaporation and diffusion of the sterilizing liquid, and the grid strip-shaped hollow on the top surface of the rear part of the grooved cover plate can form an airflow blowing over the surface of the fruit when the suction is done under the workbench, thereby drying the moisture on the surface of the fruit.

[0013] Preferably, the tray track of the tray rack feeds the tray from the back to the front, and the front end of the tray track is a discharge station aligned with the end of the discharge slope; the tray track is a double-track track, and a lifting cylinder for lifting from bottom to top is provided between the double tracks of the tray track below the discharge station, and a lifting platform is provided on the top of the piston of the lifting cylinder, and a weighing sensor is provided on the lifting platform, and a vertical stacking bin is provided above the discharge station, and tongues for one-way passage from bottom to top are symmetrically provided on the tray rack on both sides of the bottom of the stacking bin, and spacing columns are provided at the four corners of the tray to ensure the spacing between the upper and lower trays. The weighing sensor is used to monitor the weight of the fruit on the tray, and the tray replacement is completed. After the stacking bin stacks a set number of trays, they are uniformly transferred to the subsequent plasma sterilization bin and blown with plasma gas for 3-5 minutes to achieve plasma sterilization and dry the residual moisture in the sterilization liquid.

[0014] Preferably, the latch has an inverted L-shaped structure, the lower end of the vertical arm of the latch is arranged on a rotating shaft with elastic return, the horizontal arm of the latch extends inward from the upper end of the vertical arm to support the bottom surface of the tray, and a limit block is provided below the horizontal arm of the latch.

[0015] Preferably, the front and rear sides of the lifting platform are respectively provided with swing blocks extending upward and higher than the top surface of the lifting platform, and the upper end of the swing block can swing unidirectionally toward the inside of the lifting platform, and the height of the pallet track is higher than the top surface of the lifting platform and lower than the top of the swing block. The swing block on the rear side of the lifting platform is pushed to swing when the pallet is fed, and the feeding status of the pallet can be identified by combining with a sensor. The swing block on the front side of the lifting platform is limited after being hit by the pallet and will not swing, so as to detect whether the pallet is in place. The inner side surface of the top of the swing block is an inclined guide surface, which can correct the position of the pallet when lifting.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the device can disperse and transport bayberry fruits after size sorting and sterilize and air-dry them. The sterilization liquid can be sprayed evenly and the moisture can be fully controlled during the transportation process, preparing for further sterilization treatment in the plasma gas chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention without a cover plate.

[0020] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram at point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the conveyor belt output end and the pallet rack of the present invention.

[0022] 1. Workbench, 2. Conveyor belt, 3. First conveyor belt, 4. Second conveyor belt, 5. First pulley, 6. Second pulley, 7. First rotating shaft, 8. Second rotating shaft, 9. Discharge hopper, 10. Discharge port, 11. Groove cover, 12. Grid strip hollowing, 13. First nozzle, 14. Second nozzle, 15. Incoming material sensor, 16. Groove, 17. Exhaust port, 18. Discharge slope, 19. Pallet rack, 20. Pallet, 21. Spacer column, 22. Pallet track, 23. Lifting cylinder, 24. Lifting platform, 25. Tongue, 26. Swing stopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Embodiment: A post-harvest sterilization and transportation production line for bayberry fruit, such as Figure 1 The device comprises a workbench 1, on which a plurality of conveyor belts 2 are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction, and each conveyor belt consists of a first conveyor belt 3 and a second conveyor belt 4. Figure 2 , 3 As shown, each first conveyor belt 3 is provided with a plurality of first pulleys 5 along the longitudinal direction, the first pulleys of adjacent first conveyor belts are aligned transversely, and the first pulleys 5 of different groups of conveyor belts aligned with each other are arranged on the same first rotating shaft 7; each second conveyor belt 4 is provided with a plurality of second pulleys 6 along the longitudinal direction, the second pulleys of adjacent second conveyor belts are aligned transversely, and the second pulleys of different groups of conveyor belts aligned with each other are arranged on the same second rotating shaft 8; the first rotating shaft 7 and the second rotating shaft 8 are parallel to each other and staggered, and the first rotating shaft 7 and the second rotating shaft 8 can be adjusted to be telescopic in the transverse direction. The first rotating shaft 7 and the second rotating shaft 8 at the front end of the conveyor belt 2 are active rotating shafts. There is a speed difference between the conveying speeds of the first conveyor belt 3 and the second conveyor belt 4, and the speed difference does not exceed 5% of the average speed of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt. The workbench 1 is provided with a groove 16 below the conveyor belt 2, and two air extraction ports 17 are arranged on the bottom surface of the groove along the longitudinal direction, and the air extraction ports are connected to the air extraction pump. The workbench 1 is provided with a grooved cover plate 11 above the conveyor belt 2, the first nozzle 13, the second nozzle 14 and the incoming material sensor 15 are mounted on the grooved cover plate 11, and a grid strip-shaped hollow 12 is provided on the top surface of the rear portion of the grooved cover plate.

[0025] An inclined lower hopper 9 is provided at the upper part of the front end of the conveyor belt 2. The lower hopper is provided with a lowering port 10 for each group of conveyor belts. The first rotating shaft 7 and the second rotating shaft 8 at the front end of the conveyor belt 2 are arranged below the lower hopper to reduce the vibration of the conveyor belt. Figure 2 As shown, above the front part of each group of conveyor belts 2, a first nozzle 13 and a second nozzle 14 for spraying sterilizing liquid are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction on the rear side of the lower hopper 9, and a material incoming sensor 15 is arranged on the front side of the first nozzle 13. Figure 3 As shown, there is a 20cm discharge gap between the first rotating shaft 7 and the second rotating shaft 8 at the rear end, that is, the longitudinal distance between the first conveyor belt end and the second conveyor belt end is not less than 20cm, and the fruit is discharged from between the first conveyor belt end and the second conveyor belt end, and the work surface below the discharge gap is beveled to form a discharge slope 18 with a high front and a low back. A tray rack 19 is provided at the rear side of the discharge slope 18, and a tray track 22 is provided on the tray rack 19, and a tray 20 is fed from the tray track to align with the end of the discharge slope 18.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the pallet track 22 of the pallet rack 19 feeds the pallet 20 from the back to the front, and the front end of the pallet track 22 is a discharge station aligned with the end of the discharge slope 18; the pallet track is a double-track track, and a lifting cylinder 23 for lifting from bottom to top is provided between the double tracks of the pallet track below the discharge station, and a lifting platform 24 is provided on the top of the piston of the lifting cylinder, and a weighing sensor is arranged on the lifting platform, and the front and rear sides of the lifting platform 24 are respectively provided with swing blocks 26 extending upward and higher than the top surface of the lifting platform, and the upper end of the swing block can swing unidirectionally toward the inside of the lifting platform, and the height of the pallet track 22 is higher than the top surface of the lifting platform 24 and lower than the top of the swing block 26. A vertical stacking bin is provided above the unloading station. On both sides of the bottom of the stacking bin, symmetrically arranged on the pallet rack are one-way tongues 25 that pass from bottom to top. The tongue 25 is an inverted L-shaped structure. The lower end of the vertical arm of the tongue is arranged on a rotating shaft with elastic return. The horizontal arm of the tongue extends inward from the upper end of the vertical arm to lift the bottom surface of the pallet. A limit stopper is provided below the horizontal arm of the tongue. The four corners of the pallet are provided with spacing columns 21 to ensure the spacing between the upper and lower pallets.

[0027] This device can guide the bayberries sorted by size into the lower hopper, and the lower hopper drops them from each discharge port onto the conveyor belt for dispersion and separate transportation. The width of the conveyor belt can be adjusted according to the size of the bayberries. When the incoming material sensor detects that the current conveyor belt has bayberries coming, the first nozzle sprays the sterilizing liquid, and then the second nozzle sprays the sterilizing liquid after a fixed interval according to the conveying speed of the conveyor belt. There is a speed difference between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, ensuring that the bayberries can rotate more than one circle between the first nozzle and the second nozzle, so that the two nozzles can spray and sterilize the bayberries as evenly as possible. During the backward transportation of the bayberries sprayed with the sterilizing liquid, the excess moisture drips from the gap of the conveyor belt, and the airflow sucked from the rear grid of the cover plate in combination with the exhaust of the exhaust port can dry the surface of the bayberries, so there is very little moisture on the surface of the bayberries when the last end of the conveyor belt is discharged to the tray. After each tray collects a fixed weight of bayberries using a weighing sensor, they are uniformly sent to a plasma sterilization chamber, where plasma gas is blown for 3-5 minutes to achieve plasma sterilization and dry out the residual moisture in the sterilization liquid.

Claims

1. A fruit post-harvest sterilization and conveying production line, comprising a workbench, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of conveyor belts are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction on the workbench, each group of conveyor belts is composed of a first conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt, an inclined lower hopper is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the conveyor belt, and a lower hopper is provided with a lowering port for each group of conveyor belts, and a first nozzle and a second nozzle for spraying sterilizing liquid are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction on the rear side of the lower hopper above the front part of each group of conveyor belts, and an incoming material sensor is arranged at the front side of the first nozzle, a discharging slope is arranged below the rear end of the conveyor belt, a pallet rack is arranged at the rear side of the discharging slope, a pallet track is arranged on the pallet rack, and the pallet is fed from the pallet track and aligned with the end of the discharging slope; Each first conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of first pulleys in the longitudinal direction, the first pulleys of adjacent first conveyor belts are aligned transversely, and all the mutually aligned first pulleys are arranged on the same first rotating shaft; each second conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of second pulleys in the longitudinal direction, the second pulleys of adjacent second conveyor belts are aligned transversely, and the mutually aligned second pulleys are arranged on the same second rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are parallel to each other and staggered, and the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft can be adjusted for transverse telescopic expansion; or both the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft can be adjusted for transverse telescopic expansion; There is a speed difference between the conveying speeds of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, and the speed difference does not exceed 5% of the average speed of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt.

2. A fruit post-harvest sterilization and conveying production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft at the front end of the conveyor belt are active rotating shafts.

3. A fruit post-harvest sterilization and conveying production line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There is a discharge gap of not less than 10 cm between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft at the rear end, that is, the longitudinal distance between the end of the first conveyor belt and the end of the second conveyor belt is not less than 10 cm. The fruits are discharged from between the end of the first conveyor belt and the end of the second conveyor belt, and the work table below the discharge gap is beveled to form a discharge slope which is higher in the front and lower in the back.

4. A post-harvest fruit sterilization and conveying production line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The workbench is provided with a groove below the conveyor belt, and a plurality of air suction ports are longitudinally distributed on the bottom surface of the groove, and the air suction ports are connected to an air suction pump.

5. A fruit post-harvest sterilization and conveying production line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The workbench is provided with a grooved cover plate above the conveyor belt, the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the incoming material sensor are mounted on the grooved cover plate, and a grid strip-shaped hollow is arranged on the top surface of the rear part of the grooved cover plate.

6. A post-harvest fruit sterilization and conveying production line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pallet track of the pallet rack feeds the pallet in from the back to the front, and the front end of the pallet track is a discharge station aligned with the end of the discharge slope; the pallet track is a double-track track, and a lifting cylinder for lifting from bottom to top is provided between the double tracks of the pallet track below the discharge station, and a lifting platform is provided on the top of the piston of the lifting cylinder, and a weighing sensor is provided on the lifting platform, and a vertical stacking bin is provided above the discharge station, and tongues for one-way passage from bottom to top are symmetrically provided on the pallet rack on both sides of the bottom of the stacking bin, and spacing columns for ensuring the spacing between the upper and lower pallets are provided at the four corners of the pallet.

7. The post-harvest fruit sterilization and conveying production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: The latch is an inverted L-shaped structure, the lower end of the vertical arm of the latch is arranged on a rotating shaft with elastic return, the horizontal arm of the latch extends inward from the upper end of the vertical arm to support the bottom surface of the tray, and a limit block is provided below the horizontal arm of the latch.

8. The post-harvest fruit sterilization and conveying production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the lifting platform are respectively provided with upwardly extending swing blocks higher than the top surface of the lifting platform. The upper end of the swing block can swing unidirectionally toward the inside of the lifting platform. The height of the tray track is higher than the top surface of the lifting platform and lower than the top of the swing block.

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