An open-pit mine blasting hole air spacing device and blasting structure, and a mounting method

Abstract

The application discloses an air spacing device for blasting holes in an open-pit mine and a blasting structure. The air spacing device comprises support rods A, support rods B, a circular ring a, a connecting component and a pull rod. The upper end of each support rod A is welded with a connecting ring. Four connecting rods are perpendicularly welded at one end on the inner side of the circular ring a. A circular ring b is arranged at the central position of the inner side of the circular ring a. The circular ring b is welded with the other end of the four connecting rods. Four support rods A are respectively sleeved at four empty spaces of the circular ring a. One end of each support rod B is rotatably connected to the middle position of each support rod A. The other end of each support rod B is rotatably connected to the connecting component. The upper end of the connecting component is welded with a circular ring c. The pull rod is connected to the circular ring c through the circular ring b for cooperation. The device greatly reduces the workload, guarantees the smooth development of the charging work, achieves the charging design of air spacing charging, makes the explosion energy uniformly distributed, improves the rock blasting effect, is simple in operation and improves the production benefit of the mine.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mining blasting engineering, in particular to an air interval device for blasting boreholes in an open-pit mine, a blasting structure and a mounting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is rich in mineral resources, and currently, rock drilling and blasting technology is still the main means for resource exploitation in open-pit mines.

[0003] In order to carry out mine production operations using rock drilling and blasting technology, first, drilling operations need to be carried out above the blasted rock mass, and the cylindrical holes drilled are the boreholes. When carrying out blasting operations, explosives need to be filled into the holes, and the air gap needs to be packed, and finally, the initiation device is used for initiation. The traditional continuous charging has the disadvantages of high unit consumption, large disturbance, and excessively broken rock, etc. The segmented air interval charging technology for filling explosives can reduce unit consumption, save production cost, reduce environmental disturbance, and improve the blasting effect, etc.

[0004] The air interval method has always been a big problem in mine blasting design, and it is often difficult to achieve the interval purpose. At present, although many intervals and interval methods have been developed and used, they all have certain shortcomings, such as complicated process, difficult to meet the design requirements, and most mines are reluctant to adopt them, resulting in many problems in the blasting effect. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide an air interval device for blasting boreholes in an open-pit mine, a blasting structure and a mounting method, which effectively solves the problem that the air interval purpose is difficult to achieve in the background technology, resulting in a poor blasting effect.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: an air interval device for blasting boreholes in an open-pit mine, comprising an air interval device, wherein the air interval device comprises support rods A, support rods B, a circular ring a, a connecting component, and a pull rod; the upper end of the support rod A is welded with a connecting ring; four connecting rods are vertically welded at the inner side of the circular ring a; a circular ring b is arranged at the center position of the inner side of the circular ring a; the circular ring b is welded with the other end of the four connecting rods; four support rods A are respectively sleeved at the four empty spaces of the circular ring a; one end of the support rod B is rotationally connected to the middle position of each support rod A; the other end of each support rod B is rotationally connected to the connecting component; the upper end of the connecting component is welded with a circular ring c; and the pull rod is connected to the circular ring c through the circular ring b for use.

[0007] Preferably, the middle inner side of each support rod A is provided with a U-shaped connecting buckle; the U-shaped connecting buckle is provided with a screw hole; the two ends of each support rod B are respectively provided with a connecting block one and a connecting block two; each connecting block one and two are provided with a screw hole; each connecting block one is inserted into the U-shaped connecting buckle and matched with the second rotating pin through the screw hole.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting component is in a circular shape, and a convex groove is symmetrically arranged in each of the four directions of the connecting component; each groove is provided with a screw hole; the connecting block two on each support rod B is inserted into the groove and matched with the first rotating pin through the screw hole.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the pull rod is provided with a hook; the hook is used with the ring c on the connecting component.

[0010] An explosive structure, wherein the blast hole is provided with the air spacing device and the explosive as claimed in claim 1.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the blast hole is provided with a filling material; the lower end of the filling material is pre-buried with an explosive; the lower part of the explosive is provided with an air spacing device to form an air spacing; a woven mesh bag is laid between the air spacing device and the explosive; and the bottom of the blast hole is pre-buried with an explosive.

[0012] Preferably, two foot lines are penetrated through the filling material; the lower end of each foot line is connected with a detonator; each detonator is pre-buried into one of the explosives at the upper end of the blast hole and the other explosive at the bottom of the blast hole.

[0013] A mounting method of an explosive structure, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step one: Before blasting, the blasting area is surveyed to understand the lithology and hydrological conditions of the blasting area, and the blasting scheme is designed according to the lithology and hydrological conditions of the blasting area.

[0015] Step two: According to the blasting design, the on-site drilling operation is carried out, and the hole row distance and depth of the blast hole must meet the design requirements; if the hole collapses or misses, the hole must be repaired in time; if the blast hole contains water, it must be reported in time and prepared.

[0016] Step three: In the blast hole, a certain amount of explosive required by the design is first poured, the charge height is measured multiple times during the pouring of the explosive, and when the height reaches the height of the air spacing charge design, the air spacing height required by the design is reserved, the air spacing device is placed above the air spacing area, and when the air spacing device is placed, the connecting ring at the top of the spacing device is resisted by the cannon stick, the pull rod is pulled through the rope connected with the pull rod, the support rod A is opened, and the device is tightly clamped in the hole wall until it cannot be pulled.

[0017] Step four: lay a woven mesh bag above the air spacing device to prevent the upper charge from leaking down, and then continue charging above the woven mesh bag, and after reaching the charging height, perform hole packing.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0019] The open-pit mine blasting hole air spacing device and blasting structure and installation method, by binding the pull rod with a rope, placing the device in the hole as a whole, measuring the length of the rope before placing the device in the hole, can place the device at the specified position, at this time, the cannon rod is inserted into the hole and abuts against the top connecting ring, and then the pull rod is pulled by the rope, so that the upper support rod is opened until it cannot be pulled, at this time, because the hole wall in the hole is relatively barren, the upper support rod can be firmly erected in the hole, at this time, the cannon rod can be pulled out, and the charging or packing above the device can be continued, which can guarantee air spacing charging, greatly reduce the workload, guarantee the smooth development of the charging work, achieve the charging design of air spacing charging, make the explosion energy evenly distributed, improve the rock blasting effect, and improve the mine production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Fig. 1 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0021] Fig. 2 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the present application A;

[0022] Fig. 3 The figure is a use schematic diagram of the open-pit mine blasting hole air spacing device of the present application;

[0023] In the figure, 1 is a support rod A, 2 is a support rod B, 201 is a connecting block one, 202 is a connecting block two, 3 is a circular ring a, 301 is a circular ring b, 302 is a connecting rod, 4 is a connecting part, 401 is a groove, 402 is a first rotating pin, 5 is a pull rod, 501 is a hook, 6 is a U-shaped connecting buckle, 601 is a second rotating pin, 7 is a circular ring c, 8 is a packing material, 9 is an explosive, 10 is an air spacing device, 11 is a woven mesh bag, 12 is a detonator, 13 is a foot line, and 14 is a blast hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] Please refer to Figs. 1 to 3The application provides a technical scheme: an air spacing device for blasting borehole in open-pit mine, which comprises an air spacing device 10, wherein the air spacing device 10 comprises support rods A1, support rods B2, a circular ring a3, a connecting component 4 and a pull rod 5; the upper end of the support rod A1 is welded with a connecting ring 101; four connecting rods 302 are vertically and cross-welded at one end of the inner side of the circular ring a3; a circular ring b301 is arranged at the central position of the inner side of the circular ring a3; the circular ring b301 is welded with the other end of the four connecting rods 302; four support rods A1 are respectively sleeved at the four empty spaces of the circular ring a3; one end of the support rod B2 is rotationally connected to the middle position of each support rod A1; the other end of each support rod B2 is rotationally connected to the connecting component 4; the upper end of the connecting component 4 is welded with a circular ring c7; the pull rod 5 is connected to the circular ring c7 through the circular ring b301 and is used in cooperation, so that the device is firmly clamped on the inner wall of the borehole 14 and is convenient for the operator to use.

[0026] Further, the middle inner side of each support rod A1 is provided with a U-shaped connecting buckle 6; the U-shaped connecting buckle 6 is provided with a screw hole; the two ends of each support rod B2 are respectively provided with a connecting block one 201 and a connecting block two 202; each connecting block one 201 and connecting block two 202 are provided with a screw hole; each connecting block one 201 is inserted into the U-shaped connecting buckle 6 and is used in cooperation through the second rotating pin 601 passing through the screw hole, so that the device is conveniently used.

[0027] Further, the connecting component 4 is in a circular shape, and the connecting component 4 is symmetrically provided with protruding grooves 401 in four directions; each groove 401 is provided with a screw hole; the connecting block two 202 on each support rod B2 is respectively inserted into the groove 401 and is used in cooperation through the first rotating pin 402 passing through the screw hole.

[0028] Further, the lower end of the pull rod 5 is provided with a hook 501; the hook 501 is pulled and used with the circular ring c7 on the connecting component 4, so that the operator can operate and use on the ground.

[0029] An explosive structure, wherein the borehole 14 is provided with the air spacing device 10 and the explosive 9.

[0030] Further, the upper end of the borehole 14 is provided with a filling material 8; the lower end of the filling material 8 is pre-buried with the explosive 9; the lower part of the explosive 9 is provided with the air spacing device 10 to form an air spacing; the air spacing device 10 and the explosive 9 are laid with a woven mesh bag 11; the bottom of the borehole 14 is pre-buried with the explosive 9.

[0031] Further, the filling material 8 is penetrated by two foot lines 13; the lower end of each foot line 13 is connected with a detonator 12; each detonator 12 is embedded into the explosive 9 at the upper end of the blast hole 14 and the other is embedded into the explosive 9 at the bottom of the blast hole 14.

[0032] A method for installing an explosive structure, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step one: before blasting, the blasting area is surveyed to find out the lithology and hydrological conditions of the blasting area, and the blasting scheme is designed according to the lithology and hydrological conditions of the blasting area.

[0034] Step two: according to the blasting design, the on-site drilling operation is carried out, the hole row distance and depth of the blast hole 14 must meet the design requirements, if there is a hole collapse or missing, it must be timely supplemented, and if there is a water-containing blast hole, it must be reported in time and prepared well.

[0035] Step three: in the blast hole 14, a certain amount of explosive 9 required by the design is first poured, during the pouring of the explosive 9, the charge height is measured multiple times, when the height reaches the height of the air interval charge design, the air interval height required by the design is reserved, and the air interval device 10 is placed above the air interval area, when placing the air interval device 10, the cannon stick is used to support the top connecting ring of the interval device, the pull rod is pulled through the rope connected with the pull rod, so that the supporting rod A1 is opened until it cannot be pulled, so that the device is tightly clamped in the hole wall.

[0036] Step four: the woven mesh bag 11 is laid on top of the air interval device 10 to prevent the upper charge from leaking, and then the charge is continued above the woven mesh bag 11, and after reaching the charge height, the blast hole 14 is filled.

[0037] In use, after the pull rod 5 is tied with a rope, the device is placed in the blast hole 14, the length of the rope is measured before the device is placed in the blast hole 14, so that the device can be placed at a specified position, at this time, the cannon stick is inserted into the blast hole 14 and abuts against the ring a3, and then the pull rod 5 is pulled through the rope, so that the supporting rod A1 is opened until it cannot be pulled, at this time, because the hole wall in the blast hole 14 is relatively barren, the supporting rod A1 can be firmly erected in the blast hole 14, at this time, the cannon stick can be pulled out, and the charge above the device can be continued or the filling can be carried out, which can guarantee the air interval charge and greatly reduce the workload, guarantee the smooth development of the charge work, achieve the air interval charge design, make the explosion energy evenly distributed, improve the rock blasting effect, and the operation is simple, which improves the mine production benefit.

[0038] The above merely describes preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme of the present application and the improvement concept thereof within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An air-decoupling device for blast holes in an open pit mine, comprising an air-decoupling device (10), characterised in that: The air spacing device (10) comprises support rods A (1), support rods B (2), a circular ring a (3), a connecting component (4) and a pull rod (5); the upper end of the support rod A (1) is welded with a connecting ring (101); the inner side of the circular ring a (3) is vertically crossed and welded with four connecting rods (302) at one end; the inner side of the circular ring a (3) is provided with a circular ring b (301) at the center position; the circular ring b (301) is welded with the other end of the four connecting rods (302); the four empty spaces of the circular ring a (3) are respectively sleeved with the connecting rings (101) welded at the upper end of the four support rods A (1); the middle position of the support rod A (1) is rotationally connected with one end of the support rod B (2); the other end of the support rod B (2) is rotationally connected on the connecting component (4); the upper end of the connecting component (4) is welded with a circular ring c (7); the pull rod (5) passes through the circular ring b (301) and is connected to the circular ring c (7) for use in cooperation; the middle inner side of the support rod A (1) is provided with a U-shaped connecting buckle (6); the U-shaped connecting buckle (6) is provided with a screw hole; the two ends of the support rod B (2) are respectively provided with a connecting block one (201) and a connecting block two (202); the connecting block one (201) and the connecting block two (202) are both provided with screw holes; the connecting block one (201) is respectively inserted into the U-shaped connecting buckle (6) and passes through the screw hole by the second rotating pin (601) for use in cooperation; the connecting component (4) is in a circular shape, and the connecting component (4) is respectively and symmetrically provided with protruding grooves (401) in four directions; the grooves (401) are provided with screw holes; the connecting block two (202) on the support rod B (2) is respectively inserted into the grooves (401) and passes through the screw hole by the first rotating pin (402) for use in cooperation.

2. An air spacing device for blast holes in an open cut mine as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The lower end of the pull rod (5) is provided with a hook (501); the hook (501) is pulled for use with the circular ring c (7) on the connecting component (4).

3. An explosive structure comprising a blasthole (14), characterised in that: The blast hole (14) is provided with the air spacing device (10) and the explosive (9) in the blast hole (14).

4. An explosive structure according to claim 3, wherein: The upper end of the blast hole (14) is provided with the stemming material (8); the lower end of the stemming material (8) is pre-buried with the explosive (9); the lower part of the explosive (9) is provided with the air spacing device (10) to form air spacing; the air spacing device (10) and the explosive (9) are laid with the woven mesh bag (11) therebetween; the bottom of the blast hole (14) is pre-buried with the explosive (9).

5. An explosive structure according to claim 4, wherein: Two foot lines (13) are penetrated in the stemming material (8); the lower end of the foot line (13) is connected with a detonator (12); one of the detonators (12) is pre-buried into the explosive (9) at the upper end of the blast hole (14), and the other is pre-buried into the explosive (9) at the bottom of the blast hole (14).

6. A method of installing an explosive structure as claimed in any one of claims 4-5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step one: before blasting, the blasting area is surveyed to understand the lithology and hydrological conditions of the blasting area, and the blasting scheme is designed according to the lithology and hydrological conditions of the blasting area; Step two: according to the blasting design, the site punching operation is carried out, the hole row distance and the depth of the blast hole (14) must meet the design requirements, if the hole collapse or the hole missing phenomenon occurs, the hole must be repaired in time, if the water containing blast hole occurs, it must be reported in time, and the preparation is completed; Step three: in the blast hole (14), a certain amount of explosive (9) required by the design is poured first, during the pouring of the explosive (9), the charge height is measured multiple times, when the height reaches the height of the air interval charge design, the air interval height required by the design is reserved, and then the air interval device (10) is placed above the air interval area, when the air interval device (10) is placed, the support rod A (1) is pulled by the rope connected with the pull rod (5) to make the support rod A (1) open until it cannot be pulled, so that the device is tightly clamped on the hole wall; Step four: the woven mesh bag (11) is laid above the air interval device (10) to prevent the medicine from leaking down when the upper charge is carried out, and then the charge is continuously carried out above the woven mesh bag (11), after the charge height is reached, the blast hole (14) is tamped.

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