Compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater

Abstract

The present invention provides a compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater, comprising a housing, a dripping platform, an evaporating platform, and a heating platform. A tributary inlet and a main flow inlet are provided on one side of the housing, and a flow outlet is provided on the other side. A tributary liquid chamber is formed between the dripping platform and the top housing, an evaporating chamber is formed between the dripping platform and the evaporating platform, and a main flow chamber is formed between the heating platform and the bottom housing. The tributary inlet is connected to the tributary liquid chamber, and both the main flow inlet and the flow outlet are connected to the main flow chamber. The dripping platform is provided with a plurality of leakage holes, which connect the tributary liquid chamber and the evaporating chamber. The evaporating platform and the heating platform are arranged closely together, and both are provided with penetrating fin column mounting holes, in which hollow fin columns are provided, connecting the evaporating chamber and the main flow chamber. The heating platform is used to heat the liquid in the evaporating chamber and the main flow chamber simultaneously. The organic combination of the tributary and main flow heating modes results in high heat exchange efficiency. Both sides of the heating membrane can heat the fluid working medium, avoiding heat waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heaters, and in particular to a compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater. Background Art

[0002] New energy electric vehicles have been widely used and adopted in recent years. However, in low temperatures, such as winter, the lithium ion activity in the vehicle's battery decreases, significantly reducing the battery's power supply and affecting range. Therefore, maintaining a suitable temperature for the battery and cabin through a vehicle thermal management system is essential in winter.

[0003] The heater is an important component in the thermal management system of new energy vehicles. The heater can quickly heat the fluid in the thermal management system. The fluid acts as a link for transmitting energy, transporting heat to the battery pack, cockpit and other locations.

[0004] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The figure shows the heater structure of an electric vehicle in the prior art. Existing on-board liquid heaters often use a cold plate structure, primarily consisting of a water-cooled plate 1, aluminum alloy fins 2, a heating film 4, and a flow channel substrate 5. The heating film 4 generates heat, which is then transferred to the water-cooled plate 1. The fluid then removes the heat through the water-cooled plate 1, which has corrugated aluminum alloy fins 2. A sheet or membrane heater transfers heat to the fluid through a heat exchange structure, such as fins. In this structure, only one side of the heating film conducts heat to the water-cooled plate, while the other side is exposed to the air, causing heat to dissipate into the air and waste energy. The cold plate heat exchange structure is limited by its volume, resulting in a small heat exchange area. This limits the heat exchange area within the cold plate, and the heat exchange capacity per unit area is limited. While a complex fin structure can improve heat exchange capacity to a certain extent, it also increases internal resistance within the water-cooled plate, increasing pressure drop as the fluid passes through the heater pipeline, negatively impacting the overall performance of the thermal management system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater, which (1) adopts a combination of boiling vaporization heat transfer and cold plate heat transfer to greatly increase the heat transfer efficiency under the same heat transfer area; (2) does not require complex heat transfer structures such as fins, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the fluid; (3) the heat generated by the heating film is absorbed by the upper and lower layers of fluid working medium, and there is basically no energy waste.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater, comprising a shell, and a dripping table, an evaporating table and a heating table arranged in parallel from top to bottom in the shell, wherein a branch inlet and a main flow inlet are provided on one side of the shell, and an outflow outlet is provided on the other side, a first layer of branch liquid cavity is formed between the dripping table and the top shell, a second layer of evaporation cavity is formed between the dripping table and the evaporating table, and a third layer of main flow cavity is formed between the heating table and the bottom shell; the branch inlet is connected to the branch liquid cavity, and the main flow inlet and the outflow outlet are both connected to the main flow cavity; a plurality of leakage holes are provided on the dripping table, and the leakage holes connect the branch liquid cavity and the evaporation cavity; the evaporating table and the heating table are arranged tightly together up and down, and the evaporating table and the heating table are both provided with penetrating fin column mounting holes, and hollow fin columns are provided in the fin column mounting holes, and the hollow fin columns connect the evaporation cavity and the main flow cavity; the heating table is used to heat the liquid in the evaporation cavity and the main flow cavity at the same time.

[0007] Part of the liquid enters the branch liquid cavity from the branch inlet. The dripping table is composed of a stainless steel plate covered with leakage holes. Its main function is to allow the liquid entering the branch inlet to drip evenly into the evaporation cavity of the second layer according to the distribution of the leakage holes after filling the branch liquid cavity; the liquid dripping into the second evaporation cavity is heated and evaporated by the evaporation table in contact with the heating table, and the evaporated liquid enters the main liquid cavity of the third layer through the hollow wing column; the other part of the liquid enters the main liquid cavity below the heating table from the main inlet. The heat from the lower surface of the heating table heats the liquid in the main liquid cavity. The heated gas-liquid mixture is mixed with the vaporized part entering from the second layer evaporation cavity and flows out from the outflow port; the heat on both sides of the heating table is effectively utilized, thereby improving the utilization rate.

[0008] When the liquid inflow from the tributary inlet exceeds the liquid discharge from all the drain holes, liquid may accumulate in the tributary liquid chamber. Therefore, a drainage hole is provided on the upper surface of the drip platform away from the tributary inlet, connecting the tributary liquid chamber and the evaporation chamber. Preferably, the drainage hole is a large rectangular hole extending along the width of the drip platform, with a span that covers the range of the drain holes as much as possible, to drain excess liquid and prevent liquid accumulation in this layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the leakage hole does not exceed 2 mm, so that the droplets are as small as possible. The fine and small liquid is conducive to accelerating the evaporation and vaporization in the second layer.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to prevent the liquid dripping from the leakage hole from directly entering the main liquid cavity without being heated, no leakage hole is provided on the dripping platform at a position directly opposite to the hollow wing column.

[0011] Furthermore, the evaporation table is covered with a plurality of depressions on its surface, forming evaporation plates. The evaporation plates are numerous and shaped like circular depressions. The depressions are closer to the heating film below the evaporation table, resulting in higher temperatures and facilitating liquid evaporation. Furthermore, the depressions increase the heat exchange area, facilitating the collection of small droplets falling from the dripping table and their rapid heating and evaporation.

[0012] Furthermore, the heating table includes a heating film substrate and a heating film. The heating film is composed of a resistance wire and two layers of insulating film. The resistance wire is evenly distributed between the upper and lower layers of insulating film. The heating film is the existing thick film technology. The heating film is combined with the upper surface of the heating film substrate through a lamination process and is clamped between the heating film substrate and the evaporation table, which can reduce the thermal resistance between the evaporation table and the evaporation table and transfer heat to the two plates more efficiently.

[0013] Preferably, the heating film is made of silica gel, epoxy resin or polyimide polymer material.

[0014] Preferably, the hollow wing columns are elliptical and arranged in an inclined and staggered manner.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to have enough heat to evaporate the droplets on the evaporation table, temperature sensors are provided at the main flow inlet, the outlet and the interior of the evaporation table.

[0016] Furthermore, in order to realize electric heating of the heating film, a power connector is also provided on the shell. The internal part of the power connector is electrically connected to the heating film and is used to provide heating current to the resistance wire; the external part of the power connector is used to connect an external power supply.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] (1) Use dripping to form small droplets that are easy to evaporate.

[0019] (2) The circular pit-shaped evaporation plate on the evaporation table is conducive to accelerating evaporation.

[0020] (3) The fluid to be heated is divided into two parts. A small part is evaporated and mixed into the mainstream, and the other part is heated by conventional means. The two heating methods are organically combined to achieve high heat exchange efficiency.

[0021] (4) Both sides of the heating film can heat the fluid, avoiding heat waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an electric vehicle heater in the prior art.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heater of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 is a top view of the heater.

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heater.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the drip table.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the evaporation table.

[0031] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the heating table.

[0032] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of a hollow wing column.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the heater.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Stainless steel substrate, 2. Aluminum alloy fins, 4. Heating film, 5. Flow channel substrate; 6. Shell, 7. Power connector, 8. Branch inlet, 9. Main inlet, 10. Outlet, 11. Branch liquid chamber, 12. Evaporation chamber, 13. Main liquid chamber, 14. Hollow fin column, 15. Evaporation plate, 16. Leakage hole, 17. Drain hole, 18. Drip table, 19. Evaporation table, 20. Heating table, 21. Heating film substrate, 22. Heating film, 23. Resistance wire, 24. Fin column mounting hole. Implementation Method

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating the basic structure of the present invention only in a schematic manner. They therefore only show components relevant to the present invention, and directions and references (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.) may be used solely to facilitate the description of features in the drawings. The following detailed description is therefore not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined solely by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0036] like Figure 3-Figure 5As shown, a compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater of the present invention includes a shell 6, and a dripping table 18, an evaporating table 19 and a heating table arranged parallel to each other in the shell 6 from top to bottom. The dripping table 18, the evaporating table 19 and the heating table 20 divide the inner chamber of the shell 6 into three layers from top to bottom. A first-layer tributary liquid cavity 11 is formed between the dripping table 18 and the top shell 6, a second-layer evaporating cavity 12 is formed between the dripping table 18 and the evaporating table 19, and a third-layer mainstream liquid cavity 13 is formed between the heating table 20 and the bottom shell 6.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the shell 6 is provided with a branch inlet 8, a main inlet 9, an outlet 10 and a power connector 7, wherein the branch inlet 8 and the main inlet 9 are located on the right side of the shell 6, and the branch inlet 8 is connected to the branch liquid cavity 11 of the first layer, and the main inlet 9 is connected to the main liquid cavity 13 of the third layer; the outlet 10 is located on the left side of the shell 6, and the outlet 10 is connected to the main liquid cavity 13 of the third layer; the power connector 7 is internally electrically connected to the heating film 22 for providing heating current to the resistance wire 23; the outside of the power connector 7 is used to connect an external power supply.

[0038] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the drip platform 18 is located on the first layer and is constructed from a stainless steel plate covered with leak holes 16. The leak holes 16 connect the tributary liquid chamber 11 and the evaporation chamber 12. Their primary function is to allow the tributary liquid to drip evenly onto the second layer, following the distribution of the leak holes 16 after filling the first layer. The diameter of the leak holes 16 does not exceed 2 mm, minimizing the droplet size. These small, fine droplets facilitate accelerated evaporation and vaporization on the second layer. Drain holes 17 are provided on the upper surface of the drip platform 18, distal from the tributary inlet 8. These drain holes 17 connect the tributary liquid chamber 11 and the evaporation chamber 12. Preferably, the drain holes 17 are large rectangular holes extending along the width of the drip platform 18, spanning as much as possible across the leak holes 16. This serves to drain excess liquid and prevent accumulation in this layer. Preferably, to prevent liquid dripping from the leak holes 16 from directly entering the main liquid chamber 13 without being heated, the drip platform 18 is not provided with leak holes 16 above and below the hollow fin columns 14.

[0039] like Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the evaporation table 19 and the heating table 20 are arranged in close proximity one above the other, and both the evaporation table 19 and the heating table 20 are provided with penetrating fin column mounting holes 24. The fin column mounting holes 24 are provided with hollow fin columns 14, which connect the evaporation chamber 12 and the mainstream liquid chamber 13. The evaporation table 19 is made of a metal with a high thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum alloy, to ensure that its surface temperature is uniform and can reach a high temperature that causes the droplets to evaporate quickly. Its upper surface is covered with a number of pits to form evaporation plates 15. The number of evaporation plates 15 is large and their shape is similar to circular pits. The pit portion is closer to the heating film 22 below the evaporation table 19 and has a higher temperature, which is conducive to liquid evaporation and vaporization. The pit shape increases the heat exchange area, which is conducive to collecting small liquid columns falling from the drip table 18 and heating them quickly for evaporation.

[0040] like Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the heating platform 20 is positioned below the evaporation platform 19 and is used to simultaneously heat the liquid in the evaporation chamber 12 and the mainstream liquid chamber 13. The heating platform 20 includes a heating film substrate 21 and a heating film 22. The heating film 22 is composed of a resistance wire 23 and two layers of insulating film. The resistance wire 23 is evenly distributed between the upper and lower insulating films. Due to the limitations of the thick film lamination process, the heating film substrate 21 can only be made of stainless steel. The heating film 22 is made of a polymer material (i.e., a metal wire) wrapped around the resistance wire 23, including but not limited to silicone, epoxy resin, or polyimide. The heating film 22 is sandwiched between the evaporation platform 19 and the heating film substrate 21, directly transferring heat to the two plates. During operation, the heating film 22 heats the evaporation platform 19, causing it to reach a high temperature and rapidly evaporate the fluid, while simultaneously heating the heating film substrate 21, allowing it to transfer heat to the mainstream fluid in the third layer.

[0041] like Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, the hollow fins 14 are constructed from thin, elliptical stainless steel sheets embedded in the evaporation table 19 and extend through the evaporation table 19, the heating film 22, and the heating film substrate 21. The upper and lower ends of the hollow fins 14 extend above the upper surface of the evaporation table 19 and the lower surface of the heating film substrate 21, respectively. These fins serve three functions: first, they serve as channels for the high-temperature steam generated by the evaporation table 19 to be introduced into the third layer's mainstream fluid for mixing; second, they act as fins to enhance heat transfer from the heating film substrate 21 to the third layer's mainstream fluid; and third, the elliptical shape of the hollow fins 14 helps reduce pressure drop in the third layer's mainstream fluid. Their tilted, staggered arrangement and the steam jets ejected from them act as spoilers, creating localized turbulence and disturbance in the mainstream flow, further enhancing heat transfer.

[0042] Furthermore, temperature sensors are installed at the main inlet 9, outlet 10, and within the evaporation table 19. The temperature of the evaporation table 19 is crucial. The flow rate at the branch inlet 8 and the temperature of the evaporation table 19 must be calibrated in advance to ensure that the evaporation table 19 can fully evaporate the dripping branch droplets without overheating and causing meltdown failure. When the flow rate at the branch inlet 8 decreases, the power to the heating film 22 should be appropriately reduced to prevent overheating and damage to the heating film within the evaporation table 19.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] like Figure 11 As shown, the liquid is divided into two parts, one part enters the branch liquid chamber 11 from the branch inlet 8 of the first layer, and the other part enters the main liquid chamber 13 below the heating platform 20 from the main inlet 9 of the third layer.

[0045] After the liquid in the tributary liquid chamber 11 fills the drip platform 18, it drips evenly into the evaporation chamber 12 of the second layer according to the distribution of the leakage holes 16. The excess liquid flows directly into the evaporation chamber 12 from the drainage hole 17 at the tail of the drip platform 18. Since the aperture of the leakage holes 16 is small and the distribution is dense, the dripping droplets are also relatively small, which is conducive to rapid evaporation in the second layer.

[0046] Small droplets entering the second-layer evaporation chamber 12 fall onto the evaporation table 19. The impact breaks the liquid apart, spreading it evenly across the surface. Most of the droplets end up in the evaporation pan 15, which is in direct contact with the heating film 22. This heat is transferred to the evaporation pan 19, heating and vaporizing the liquid. The high temperature and large heat exchange area within the evaporation pan 15 facilitate rapid heating and evaporation of the small droplets. The evaporated, high-temperature vapor passes through the hollow fins 14 and enters the main flow chamber 13 in the third layer.

[0047] The third layer mainly passes through the mainstream fluid, and the high-temperature steam in the second layer is transmitted to the mainstream fluid through the hollow fin columns 14, and the heat of the heating film substrate 21 is also transmitted to the mainstream fluid with the assistance of the hollow fin columns 14, so that the mainstream fluid can efficiently and quickly obtain the heat generated by the heating film 22 to meet the fluid heating requirements.

[0048] The heating film 22 heats and vaporizes the branch fluid through heat conduction from the evaporation table 19, and heats the main fluid through heat conduction from the heating film substrate 21. The heat on both sides is effectively utilized, thereby improving the utilization rate.

[0049] With the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention as inspiration, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel may make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater, characterized by: It includes a shell, and a drip table, an evaporation table and a heating table arranged in parallel in the shell from top to bottom, wherein a branch inlet and a main inlet are provided on one side of the shell, and an outflow outlet is provided on the other side, a branch liquid cavity is formed between the drip table and the top shell, an evaporation cavity is formed between the drip table and the evaporation table, and a main liquid cavity is formed between the heating table and the bottom shell; the branch inlet is connected to the branch liquid cavity, and the main inlet and outflow outlet are both connected to the main liquid cavity; a plurality of leakage holes are provided on the drip table, and the leakage holes connect the branch liquid cavity and the evaporation cavity; the evaporation table and the heating table are arranged tightly together up and down, and the evaporation table and the heating table are both provided with penetrating fin column mounting holes, and hollow fin columns are provided in the fin column mounting holes, and the hollow fin columns connect the evaporation cavity and the main liquid cavity; the heating table is used to heat the liquid in the evaporation cavity and the main liquid cavity at the same time.

2. The compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage hole is provided on the upper surface of the dripping platform on a side away from the branch inlet, and the drainage hole is connected with the branch liquid cavity and the evaporation cavity.

3. The compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the leakage hole does not exceed 2 mm.

4. The compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is no leakage hole on the dripping platform at a position directly facing the hollow wing column.

5. The compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the evaporation table is provided with a plurality of pits to form an evaporation plate.

6. The compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating platform includes a heating film substrate and a heating film. The heating film is composed of a resistance wire and two layers of insulating film. The resistance wire is evenly distributed between the upper and lower layers of insulating film. The heating film is bonded to the upper surface of the heating film substrate through a lamination process and is tightly pressed between the heating film substrate and the evaporation platform.

7. The compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow wing columns are elliptical and arranged in an inclined and staggered manner.

8. The compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main flow inlet, the flow outlet and the inside of the evaporation table are all provided with temperature measuring sensors.

9. The compact and efficient new energy vehicle heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is also provided with a power connector, the interior of which is electrically connected to the heating film and is used to provide heating current to the resistance wire; the exterior of the power connector is used to connect to an external power source.

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