Three-dimensional combined seismic isolation bearing for controlling bending vibration

Abstract

The application relates to a three-dimensional combined shock insulation support for bending vibration control, which comprises a combined shock insulation support distributed lower support plate, a combined shock insulation support upper support plate, vertical shock insulation elements and horizontal shock insulation elements arranged between the combined shock insulation support distributed lower support plate and the combined shock insulation support upper support plate; the vertical shock insulation elements are connected with the combined shock insulation support upper support plate through slidable connecting pieces, and a preset movable space is formed between the slidable connecting pieces and the combined shock insulation support upper support plate, three-dimensional shock insulation in the bending vibration process is realized under the cooperation of the horizontal shock insulation elements, and structural inclination and displacement caused by insufficient vertical rigidity are avoided. Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional combined shock insulation support can have strong vertical bearing capacity, realize three-dimensional shock insulation and limit displacement, and has excellent shock insulation effect for vertical shock insulation of a structure with large self weight.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shock isolation of buildings, bridges and electrical equipment, in particular to the field of shock absorption of columnar electrical equipment for bending vibration control. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, earthquakes have occurred frequently in China, posing a threat to people's lives and property safety. The damage of earthquake action to a substation is an important disaster type, which seriously affects the stable operation of the power system.

[0003] Due to the requirement of insulation, the equipment in the substation often appears in the form of a long cantilever beam structure. Under the action of earthquakes, the columnar equipment is prone to bending damage due to insufficient bending stiffness of the structure itself. Common bending damage of structures under earthquakes can be divided into the following types: 1) super-bending damage: the bending deformation of the structure exceeds its limit, resulting in instability and damage of the structure; 2) local bending damage: the bending deformation of a local area of the structure exceeds its limit, resulting in damage of the area; 3) shear-bending damage: shear deformation occurs in the structure during bending vibration, resulting in shear and bending damage of the structure; 4) overturning and sliding: when the earthquake action exceeds the bearing capacity of the structure, the structure may be damaged by overturning and sliding. These bending damage types may present different forms such as cracks, deformation, displacement, etc. for different structures. For bending damage under the influence of earthquakes, effective structure control and reinforcement methods need to be used to improve the seismic resistance of the structure.

[0004] Aiming at the damage of earthquake to the substation, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a lot of research work, and put forward a variety of control schemes. Among them, the use of shock absorber, damper and other control devices is a common control method. When the earthquake occurs, these devices can reduce the vibration response of the structure and reduce the impact of the earthquake disaster. Common seismic isolation technologies include spring isolation, hydraulic isolation, gas spring isolation, friction isolation, etc. Common devices for bending vibration control include: 1) damper: by adding damping elements, the vibration energy of the structure is absorbed, and the vibration amplitude is reduced; 2) elastic rod: a system composed of piezoelectric ceramics and elastic rods can adjust the stiffness and damping through external voltage and control signals to reduce structural vibration; 3) magneto-rheological damper: by controlling the viscosity of the magneto-rheological fluid to adjust the damping of the structure to reduce vibration; 4) shape memory alloy: when excited by temperature or stress, the alloy can change shape and stiffness to achieve control of structural vibration. These devices can be combined with different control strategies to achieve bending vibration control. For power equipment, steel wire rope isolation bearing is widely used in bending vibration control because of its simple preparation, stable material mechanical properties and good economy. However, the steel wire rope damper is difficult to recover to the initial position after the earthquake, and the vertical stiffness of the steel wire rope has the characteristics of compression softening. Under the action of the earthquake, the vertical displacement of the steel wire rope is large, which causes the angle of the overall rotation of the electrical equipment to be too large, and the top structure has a soft or hard wire connection structure. The tensile damage caused by the insufficient vertical stiffness of the steel wire rope damper will lead to the failure of the isolation and cause serious consequences. Secondly, the steel wire rope damper is in a long-term compression deformation state in heavy equipment, which seriously affects its performance under the action of the earthquake, and cannot achieve the expected isolation effect, thereby failing to ensure the efficiency of vibration control.

[0005] At present, the structure engineering field mainly uses controlled control. Due to the requirements of economy and stability of the damper performance, rubber isolation bearing and friction pendulum isolation bearing, and steel wire rope isolation bearing are widely used. Rubber isolation bearing and friction pendulum isolation bearing can provide large vertical bearing capacity but cannot meet the vertical isolation requirements. Steel wire rope damper can provide three-dimensional isolation, but its mechanical softening performance after compression will reduce the isolation effect and even cause the equipment to collapse.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to develop a three-dimensional isolation combined isolation bearing for bending vibration control. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a three-dimensional isolation bearing for bending vibration control, which can have strong vertical bearing capacity and achieve three-dimensional isolation, and has excellent isolation effect for vertical isolation of structures with large self-weight.

[0008] In the research and development process, the applicant considers that the three-dimensional isolation combined isolation bearing for bending vibration control needs to have a displacement limiting function, can provide vertical bearing capacity when no earthquake occurs, reduces the deformation of the steel wire rope damper, can provide large vertical stiffness after the action of the earthquake, does not increase the horizontal stiffness, ensures the isolation efficiency of the isolation bearing, and controls the bending vibration of the upper electrical equipment of the equipment under the action of the earthquake.

[0009] The object of the application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0010] The three-dimensional combined isolation bearing for bending vibration control in the application comprises a combined isolation bearing distributed lower bearing plate and a combined isolation bearing upper bearing plate, and further comprises a vertical isolation element and a horizontal isolation element arranged between the combined isolation bearing distributed lower bearing plate and the combined isolation bearing upper bearing plate.

[0011] The vertical isolation element is connected with the combined isolation bearing upper bearing plate through a slidable connecting piece, and a preset movement space is formed between the slidable connecting piece and the combined isolation bearing upper bearing plate, three-dimensional isolation in the bending vibration process is realized under the cooperation of the horizontal isolation element, and structural inclination and displacement caused by insufficient vertical stiffness are avoided.

[0012] Further, the combined isolation bearing distributed lower bearing plate comprises a plurality of separately arranged lower bearing unit plates.

[0013] Further, a plurality of vertical isolation elements and a plurality of horizontal isolation elements are arranged on one lower bearing unit plate one by one in correspondence.

[0014] Further, the vertical isolation element comprises at least two symmetrically arranged damping springs.

[0015] Further, the vertical isolation element further comprises a spring internal energy dissipation element, and the spring internal energy dissipation element is an elastic metal rod or an elastic non-metal rod.

[0016] Further, the vertical isolation element further comprises a damping spring lower plate connected with the damping spring, and the damping spring lower plate is fixedly connected to the lower bearing unit plate.

[0017] Further, the horizontal isolation element comprises a steel wire rope damper upper plate and a steel wire rope damper lower plate, and further comprises a steel wire rope spirally and alternately penetrating through the steel wire rope damper upper plate and the steel wire rope damper lower plate.

[0018] The steel wire rope damper lower plate is connected with the lower bearing unit plate, and the steel wire rope damper upper plate is fixedly connected with the combined isolation bearing upper bearing plate.

[0019] Further, the slidable connecting piece comprises a slidable connecting piece connecting bolt, a slidable connecting piece upper clamping plate sleeved on the tail of the slidable connecting piece connecting bolt, and a slidable connecting piece lower clamping plate sleeved on the head of the slidable connecting piece connecting bolt.

[0020] Further, the slidable connecting piece lower clamping plate is connected with the spring internal energy consumption element and the metal spring respectively.

[0021] The slidable connecting piece lower clamping plate and the slidable connecting piece upper clamping plate are both provided with connecting holes, the upper support plate of the combined seismic isolation support is provided with upper support plate limiting holes, and the centers of the connecting holes and the upper support plate limiting holes are located on the same vertical line.

[0022] Further, an active gap is preset between the slidable connecting piece upper clamping plate and the upper support plate of the combined seismic isolation support, so as to ensure high vertical bearing capacity, prevent the horizontal seismic isolation element from being deformed under the action of gravity, reduce the overall horizontal stiffness, and improve the horizontal shock absorption efficiency.

[0023] In terms of the overall innovation concept: the slidable connecting piece is used to connect the vertical seismic isolation damping spring and the horizontal seismic isolation steel wire rope damper, the slidable connecting piece is mainly composed of upper and lower clamping plates and limiting holes, the limiting holes of the upper support plate of the combined seismic isolation support are located between the slidable connecting piece upper clamping plate and the slidable connecting piece lower clamping plate, and the centers are located on the same vertical line. The slidable connecting piece provides low horizontal stiffness and high vertical stiffness, ensures that the damping spring is not affected by horizontal seismic action while realizing vertical shock absorption, and the sliding connection enables the horizontal seismic action to be transmitted to the steel wire rope damper through the upper support plate to realize energy dissipation under horizontal seismic action. The horizontal seismic isolation element and the vertical seismic isolation element are effectively combined through the slidable connecting assembly, the three-dimensional seismic isolation problem in the bending vibration process is solved, and the structure inclination and displacement caused by insufficient vertical stiffness of the seismic isolation support under the action of long-term gravity load are avoided. The seismic isolation support also has an energy dissipation system, which can realize shock absorption under small vibration amplitude, reduce the harm of long-term small vibration to the upper structure, realize high vertical bearing capacity in daily operation, seismic isolation effect under impact load, and shock absorption scheme under small amplitude vibration.

[0024] In terms of specific principles:

[0025] The steel wire rope damper unit should have small horizontal stiffness for horizontal isolation in two directions. When the horizontal stiffness is small, the steel wire rope provides small vertical stiffness to ensure that the combined seismic isolation support has sufficient displacement in vertical seismic isolation to ensure the consumption of vertical seismic energy, solving the engineering problem that rubber seismic isolation supports and friction pendulum seismic isolation supports cannot provide vertical seismic isolation. The height of the steel wire rope should be consistent with the height of the damping spring in the seismic isolation support.

[0026] The damping spring unit mainly provides high vertical bearing capacity and vertical energy dissipation, and provides static load bearing capacity when no earthquake occurs to ensure that the steel wire damper is not deformed under long-term load. The vertical stiffness of the damping spring should match the stiffness of the steel wire damper, and the winding height and diameter should be selected according to the isolation effect in the actual project. The damping spring is symmetrically arranged to meet the base isolation requirements of bending vibration.

[0027] The slidable connecting piece is mainly composed of upper and lower clamping plates and a limiting hole of the upper support plate. The core of the slidable assembly is to eliminate the horizontal force of the damping spring, so as to prevent the damping spring from being damaged under horizontal earthquake action (the spring cannot provide horizontal stiffness and is easy to be sheared). At the same time, the slidable assembly slides along the upper support plate under the action of earthquake, so as to provide low horizontal stiffness and high vertical stiffness, and transmit the horizontal earthquake action to the steel wire damper through the upper support plate to realize energy dissipation under horizontal earthquake action. The lower clamping plate of the slidable connecting piece is in close connection with the damping spring during sliding, and always provides large vertical bearing capacity to prevent overturning of the upper structure whether there is earthquake or not. The upper clamping plate of the slidable connecting piece can be in close connection with the upper support plate or not, which depends on the vertical force required to resist bending vibration of the structure under the action of earthquake, and also depends on the displacement limit of the top of the structure.

[0028] The slidable connecting piece is the core unit of the present application, which has flexible adjustability and integrates horizontal isolation elements and vertical isolation elements in the same combined isolation support, and works coordinately.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following technical advantages:

[0030] 1) The horizontal isolation element and the vertical isolation element are effectively combined together through the slidable connecting assembly, so as to solve the three-dimensional isolation problem in the bending vibration process, and avoid the structure tilting and displacement caused by insufficient vertical stiffness of the isolation support under the action of long-term gravity load.

[0031] 2) The isolation support also has an energy dissipation system, which can also realize the vibration reduction problem under small vibration amplitude, reduce the harm of long-term small vibration to the upper structure, realize the high vertical bearing capacity in daily operation, the isolation effect under impact load and the vibration reduction scheme under small amplitude vibration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the three-dimensional combined isolation support for bending vibration control

[0033] Figure 2 It is a top view of the three-dimensional combined isolation support

[0034] Figure 3 is a front view of a three-dimensional combined seismic isolation support

[0035] Figure 4 is a 45° oblique view of a three-dimensional combined seismic isolation support

[0036] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of a steel wire damper

[0037] Figure 6 is a front view of a steel wire damper

[0038] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional view of a damper spring and sliding connector installation

[0039] Figure 8 is a half-section view of a damper spring and sliding connector installation

[0040] Figure 9 is a top view of a damper spring and sliding connector installation

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic view of a lower sliding connector plate structure

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic view of the spatial arrangement of a damper spring device and a steel wire damper

[0043] Figure 12 is a schematic view of the arrangement of limiting holes in an upper support plate of a combined seismic isolation support

[0044] Figure 13 is a schematic view of the relative distance between an upper sliding connector plate and an upper support plate of a combined seismic isolation support with limiting holes.

[0045] In the figure: 1 is a distributed lower support plate of a combined seismic isolation support; 2 is a damper spring device; 3 is a steel wire damper; 4 is an upper support plate of a combined seismic isolation support; 5 is a slidable connector; 6 is an upper plate of a steel wire damper; 7 is a steel wire; 8 is a lower plate of a steel wire damper; 9 is a slidable connector connecting bolt; 10 is an upper sliding connector plate; 11 is a lower sliding connector plate; 12 is a metal spring; 13 is an internal energy dissipation element of a spring; 14 is a lower damper spring plate; 15 is a sliding connector lower plate bolt hole; 16 is a limiting hole in an upper support plate of a combined seismic isolation support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the technical solution, if the implementation means, materials, structures or control methods are not explicitly described, they are considered as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0047] As Figure 1As shown, the three-dimensional combined isolation bearing for bending vibration control in the present solution is mainly applied at the root of long cantilever structure, and vertical and horizontal damping elements are used to reduce the structural overturning caused by earthquake action, so that three-dimensional isolation with high vertical bearing capacity can be achieved. It mainly includes the following components: combined isolation bearing distributed lower support plate 1, damping spring device 2, steel wire rope damper 3, combined isolation bearing upper support plate with limiting hole 4, and slidable connecting piece 5. The slidable connecting piece 5 connects the damping spring device 2 and the upper support plate with limiting hole 4, which not only ensures high vertical bearing capacity, but also makes the steel wire rope damper 3 not deformed under the action of gravity, and the slidable opening provides low horizontal stiffness, so that the horizontal damping efficiency is guaranteed.

[0048] In specific implementation, the three-dimensional combined isolation bearing for bending vibration control includes the combined isolation bearing distributed lower support plate 1 and the combined isolation bearing upper support plate 4, and further includes vertical isolation elements and horizontal isolation elements arranged between the combined isolation bearing distributed lower support plate 1 and the combined isolation bearing upper support plate 4. The vertical isolation elements are connected with the combined isolation bearing upper support plate 4 through the slidable connecting piece, and a pre-set movement space is provided between the slidable connecting piece and the combined isolation bearing upper support plate 4, so that three-dimensional isolation in the bending vibration process is realized under the cooperation of the horizontal isolation elements, and the structural tilt and displacement caused by insufficient vertical stiffness are avoided.

[0049] In specific implementation, the combined isolation bearing distributed lower support plate 1 includes a plurality of separately arranged lower support unit plates. A plurality of vertical isolation elements and a plurality of horizontal isolation elements are respectively arranged on each lower support unit plate one by one. The vertical isolation elements include at least one damping spring 2. The vertical isolation elements further include a spring internal energy dissipation element 13, which is an elastic metal rod or an elastic non-metal rod. The vertical isolation elements further include a damping spring lower plate 14 connected with the damping spring 2, which is fixedly connected to the lower support unit plate.

[0050] In specific implementation, the horizontal isolation element includes a steel wire rope damper upper plate 6 and a steel wire rope damper lower plate 8, and further includes a steel wire rope 7 spirally and alternately penetrating through the steel wire rope damper upper plate 6 and the steel wire rope damper lower plate 8. The steel wire rope damper lower plate 8 is connected with the lower support unit plate, and the steel wire rope damper upper plate 6 is fixedly connected with the combined isolation bearing upper support plate 4. The slidable connecting piece includes a slidable connecting piece connecting bolt 9, a slidable connecting piece upper clamping plate 10 sleeved at the tail of the slidable connecting piece connecting bolt 9, and a slidable connecting piece lower clamping plate 11 sleeved at the head of the slidable connecting piece connecting bolt 9. The slidable connecting piece lower clamping plate 11 is respectively connected with the spring internal energy dissipation element 13 and the metal spring 12.

[0051] The installation process and implementation steps of the above-mentioned rotation-limiting spherical vibration damping device are as follows:

[0052] First step: according to the specific isolation requirements, select the appropriate number of damping springs 2 and steel wire rope dampers 3, and design the distributed lower support plate 1 of the combined isolation support according to the number of the two kinds of dampers. The distributed design is convenient to connect with the foundation and is used to adapt to the isolation installation requirements in different scenes.

[0053] Second step: respectively connect the damping spring lower plate 14 and the steel wire rope damper lower plate 8 with the distributed lower support plate 1 of the combined isolation support through bolts, and install them on the foundation. The spatial arrangement of the damping spring device 2 and the steel wire rope damper 3 should be determined according to the structure form and the mass center position, as shown in Figure 11

[0054] Third step: install the slidable connecting piece 5: connect the slidable connecting piece lower clamp plate 11 with the upper part of the metal spring 12, wherein the slidable connecting piece lower clamp plate 11 is provided with a bolt hole 15, as shown in Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 10

[0055] Fourth step: connect the combined isolation support upper support plate 4 with the steel wire rope damper upper plate 6, as shown in Figure 11 Figure 5 Figure 6 It is worth noting that the combined isolation support upper support plate limiting hole 16 should coincide with the bolt hole 15 of the slidable connecting piece lower clamp plate 11 at the center of the circle, as shown in Figure 12

[0056] Fifth step: respectively place the slidable connecting piece upper clamp plate 10 on the combined isolation support upper support plate 4, wherein the opening of the slidable connecting piece upper clamp plate 10 coincides with the center of the combined isolation support upper support plate limiting hole 16, as shown in Figure 1 Figure 4 Figure 7 Figure 8

[0057] Sixth step: connect the slidable connecting piece upper clamp plate 10 and the slidable connecting piece lower clamp plate 11 with the slidable connecting piece connecting bolt 9, wherein the combined isolation support upper support plate 4 with limiting holes is located between the slidable connecting piece upper clamp plate 10 and the lower clamp plate 11, as shown in Figure 7 Figure 8

[0058] Seventh step: according to the size of the vibration in the actual project, the relative distance between the slidable connecting piece upper clamp plate 10 and the combined isolation support upper support plate 4 with limiting holes can be adjusted, and the two can be closely connected, as shown in Figure 1 , or a certain distance can be left, as shown in​​​​​​​​​​​​​Figure 13 as shown.

[0059] Eighth step: install the upper structure which needs to be isolated on the upper bearing plate.

[0060] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 When the upper structure or foundation is subjected to earthquake, the upper bearing plate 4 of the combined isolation bearing will move horizontally and rotate. When the horizontal displacement is within the range of the diameter of the upper bearing plate limiting hole 16 of the combined isolation bearing and the vertical displacement is within the distance between the upper bearing plate 4 of the combined isolation bearing and the upper clamping plate 10 of the slidable connecting piece, the steel wire rope damper 3 and the damping spring 2 will deform to consume the earthquake energy. When the horizontal and vertical limit displacement exceeds any limit, the upper bearing plate limiting hole 16 of the combined isolation bearing or the upper clamping plate 10 of the slidable connecting piece will contact the upper bearing plate 4 of the isolation bearing, which will increase the deformation stiffness, so that the damper has strong deformation stiffness, so that the damper returns to the original energy consumption position. This device not only limits the excessive horizontal and vertical displacement of the damper, but also provides energy dissipation capacity, and has good application prospect for three-dimensional isolation which needs high vertical bearing capacity.

[0061] The above description of the embodiments is for the purpose of enabling a person of ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention. Those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without having to go through creative labor. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional combined seismic isolation bearing for bending vibration control, characterized in that, It includes a distributed lower support plate (1) and a combined seismic isolation bearing upper support plate (4), and also includes a vertical seismic isolation element and a horizontal seismic isolation element disposed between the distributed lower support plate (1) and the combined seismic isolation bearing upper support plate (4). The vertical seismic isolation element and the horizontal seismic isolation element are a damping spring device (2) and a wire rope damper (3), respectively. The vertical isolation element is connected to the upper support plate (4) of the combined isolation support through a sliding connector, and a preset movable space is made between the sliding connector and the upper support plate (4) of the combined isolation support. With the cooperation of the horizontal isolation element, three-dimensional isolation is achieved during bending vibration, and structural tilting and displacement caused by insufficient vertical stiffness are avoided. The combined seismic isolation bearing distributed lower support plate (1) includes multiple separately arranged lower support unit plates; Multiple vertical isolation elements and multiple horizontal isolation elements are respectively installed on a lower support unit plate; The vertical isolation element includes at least two symmetrically arranged metal springs (12). The vertical vibration isolation element also includes an internal energy dissipation element (13) of the spring, which is an elastic metal rod or an elastic non-metal rod; The slidable connector includes a slidable connector connecting bolt (9), a slidable connector upper clamping plate (10) sleeved on the tail of the slidable connector connecting bolt (9), and a slidable connector lower clamping plate (11) sleeved on the head of the slidable connector connecting bolt (9). The sliding connector lower clamp (11) is connected to the energy dissipation element (13) inside the spring and the metal spring (12) respectively; Both the lower clamping plate (11) and the upper clamping plate (10) of the sliding connector are provided with connecting holes. The upper support plate (4) of the combined seismic isolation bearing is provided with a limiting hole (16). The center of the connecting hole and the limiting hole (16) of the upper support plate of the combined seismic isolation bearing are located on the same vertical line. When the horizontal displacement range is within the diameter range of the limiting hole (16) of the upper support plate of the combined seismic isolation bearing, and the vertical displacement is within the distance between the upper support plate (4) of the combined seismic isolation bearing and the upper clamping plate (10) of the sliding connector, the wire rope damper (3) and the damping spring device (2) will deform and consume seismic energy.

2. The three-dimensional combined seismic isolation bearing for bending vibration control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical vibration isolation element also includes a damping spring lower plate (14) connected to the metal spring (12), and the damping spring lower plate (14) is fixedly connected to the lower support unit plate.

3. A three-dimensional combined seismic isolation bearing for bending vibration control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal isolation element includes a wire rope damper upper plate (6) and a wire rope damper lower plate (8), and also includes a wire rope (7) that spirally and alternately passes through the wire rope damper upper plate (6) and the wire rope damper lower plate (8). The lower plate (8) of the wire rope damper is connected to the lower support unit plate, and the upper plate (6) of the wire rope damper is fixedly connected to the upper support plate (4) of the combined seismic isolation support.

4. A three-dimensional combined seismic isolation bearing for bending vibration control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding connector upper clamp plate (10) and the combined seismic isolation bearing upper support plate (4) have a preset movable gap, which ensures high vertical bearing capacity, so that the horizontal seismic isolation element does not produce pressure deformation under gravity, and reduces the overall horizontal stiffness, thereby improving the horizontal vibration reduction efficiency.

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