Spherical bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, extrusion die and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of bearing molds, and in particular to a spherical bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, an extrusion mold thereof, and a manufacturing method thereof. The spherical bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings provided by the present disclosure includes a limiting portion, which is used to limit the movement of the mating section toward the central axis of the bearing outer ring. The extrusion mold of the spherical bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings provided by the present disclosure includes an upper mold, a lower mold, a positioning core column, a support spring, and a bearing gasket; the upper mold is connected to the upper anvil, the lower mold is connected to the lower anvil, a guide column is provided on the lower anvil, the upper anvil is sleeved on the guide column, and the upper anvil can slide up and down along the guide column; the positioning core column is provided on the lower anvil, the positioning core column is sleeved with a support spring, the bottom of the support spring abuts the lower anvil, and the positioning core column is located in the center of the lower mold; the bearing gasket is detachably sleeved on the positioning core column, a limiting boss is provided on the bearing gasket, and the limiting boss is engaged with the limiting portion, which can avoid the problem of circular contact during the extrusion molding of the inner and outer rings of the bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of bearing molds, and in particular to a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, an extrusion mold, and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A radial spherical plain bearing (SPR) operates by sliding contact between the lubricant on the outer surface of the bearing's inner ring and the inner surface of its outer ring. This spherical contact surface allows the bearing to rotate and oscillate at any angle during operation. It is widely used in modern industrial applications such as construction machinery, automotive shock absorbers, and hydraulic cylinders. Extruded integral SPR bearings are increasingly popular due to their simple structure, high reliability, and high value. During the extrusion process, the inner and outer rings of common integral SPR bearings form a circular contact pattern. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, an extrusion die, and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0004] A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, comprising: a bearing outer ring;

[0005] Along the height direction Z, the bearing outer ring includes a fitting section and a pressure-assisting section located above the fitting section;

[0006] A limiting portion is provided on the bottom surface of the mating section, and the limiting portion is used to limit the mating section from moving toward the central axis of the bearing outer ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the limiting portion includes a limiting protrusion, the limiting protrusion protrudes from the bottom surface, and the limiting protrusion extends along the circumference of the matching segment;

[0008] The matching section includes a first inner surface, and a clamping groove is formed on a side of the limiting protrusion close to the first inner surface, and the clamping groove extends along the circumference of the matching section;

[0009] And / or, the mating segment includes a first outer surface, the first outer surface is provided with a pressure-bearing boss, and the pressure-bearing boss extends along the circumference of the mating segment;

[0010] And / or, a connecting section is provided between the pressure-assisting section and the fitting section, the connecting section comprises a second inner surface, the second inner surface is provided with a variable-assisting groove, and the variable-assisting groove extends along the circumference of the connecting section.

[0011] Furthermore, along the height direction Z, the height H1 of the limiting protrusion satisfies: 0.7 mm≤H1≤0.8 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the auxiliary groove includes a first side wall and a second side wall, the first side wall and the second side wall intersect, and an angle β between the first side wall and the second side wall satisfies: 58°≤β≤62°;

[0013] And / or, the depth a of the auxiliary groove satisfies: 0.9 mm ≤ a ≤ 1 mm;

[0014] And / or, the height b of the auxiliary change groove satisfies: 1.3 mm ≤ b ≤ 1.4 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the pressure-assisting section includes a second outer surface and a third inner surface;

[0016] Along the height direction Z and from top to bottom, the second outer surface is inclined in a direction away from the central axis;

[0017] An included angle α between the second outer surface and the third inner surface satisfies: 29°≤α≤32°.

[0018] Furthermore, the first inner surface of the fitting segment includes a spherical surface, and the second inner surface is a vertical surface.

[0019] Furthermore, the invention further comprises a bearing inner ring, wherein a gap L is provided between the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring, and the gap L satisfies: 0.2≤L≤0.6mm;

[0020] And / or, the bearing inner ring material has a Rockwell hardness of 55-62;

[0021] And / or, the Rockwell hardness of the bearing outer ring material is 28-37; the inner surface roughness of the bearing outer ring is Ra=2-8μm.

[0022] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides an extrusion die for a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, which is used to extrude the spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings as described in the first aspect, comprising: an upper die, a lower die, a positioning core column, a support spring, and a load-bearing gasket;

[0023] The upper mold is connected to the lower surface of the upper anvil, the lower mold is connected to the upper surface of the lower anvil, a guide column is provided on the lower anvil, the upper anvil is sleeved on the guide column, and the upper anvil can slide up and down along the guide column under the action of the extrusion drive device;

[0024] The positioning core column is arranged on the lower anvil, the positioning core column is provided with a support spring, the bottom of the support spring abuts against the lower anvil, and the positioning core column is located at the center of the lower mold;

[0025] The bearing gasket is detachably sleeved on the positioning core column, and a limiting boss is provided on the bearing gasket, and the limiting boss is clamped with the limiting portion.

[0026] Furthermore, the extrusion drive device is a press, a return spring is sleeved on the guide column, the top of the return spring abuts against the upper anvil, the upper mold is provided with a cavity, and the second outer surface of the bearing outer ring cooperates with the cavity;

[0027] The cavity of the upper mold is a tapered cavity.

[0028] A third aspect of the present disclosure discloses a method for manufacturing a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, using the spherical plain bearing extrusion die with non-contact inner and outer rings provided by the second solution, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Place the inner ring of the bearing into the outer ring from the top, and adjust the position of the inner ring of the bearing so that the center axes of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing coincide.

[0030] Place the bearing gasket, the bearing inner ring, and the bearing outer ring as a whole into the lower die of the extrusion die. The bearing gasket and the bearing inner ring are sleeved on the positioning core column of the lower die. The lower surfaces of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring are attached to the bearing gasket. The limiting boss of the bearing gasket is clamped on the inner edge of the limiting part on the bottom surface of the bearing outer ring and defines the position of the bearing outer ring.

[0031] The extrusion drive device squeezes the upper anvil, which drives the upper die to move downward and squeeze the outer ring of the bearing inward. The extrusion drive device squeezes to the set displacement and maintains pressure for a period of time. The outer ring of the bearing is deformed, so that the upper part of the inner surface of the outer ring of the bearing is close to the inner ring of the bearing and a certain gap is maintained;

[0032] Remove the extrusion drive device, lift and reset the upper mold under the action of the reset spring, take out the extruded bearing inner ring and bearing outer ring assembly, and perform fine processing on the bearing outer ring to remove the excess.

[0033] Furthermore, before removing the bearing inner ring and bearing outer ring assembly, a bearing inner ring fixing agent is first added to the gap between the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring.

[0034] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0035] The disclosed embodiments provide a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, comprising an outer ring; along the height direction Z, the outer ring comprises a mating section and a pressure-assisting section located above the mating section; a limiter is provided on the bottom surface of the mating section, the limiter being configured to restrict movement of the mating section toward the central axis of the outer ring. During the extrusion process of the spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, the pressure-assisting section of the outer ring deforms, but the lower mating section, under the action of the limiter, does not deform inward, preventing the outer ring from contacting the inner ring. This solves the problem of circular contact between the inner and outer rings during the extrusion molding process of conventional spherical plain bearings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the matching structure of an spherical plain bearing extrusion die with non-contact inner and outer rings and a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings before extrusion provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the semi-finished outer ring of the spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings before extrusion and the inner ring of the bearing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the semi-finished outer ring of the spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings after extrusion and the inner ring of the bearing;

[0043] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of a finished spherical bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure markings: 1. bearing outer ring; 11. fitting section; 111. first inner surface; 112. slot; 113. first outer surface; 12. connecting section; 121. second inner surface; 13. pressure-assisting section; 131. third inner surface; 132. second outer surface; 2. gap; 3. bearing inner ring; 5. pressure-assisting groove; 51. first side wall; 52. second side wall; 6. pressure-bearing boss; 7. limiting boss; 8. load-bearing gasket; 9. limiting part; 14. supporting spring; 15. positioning core column; 16. lower mold; 17. upper anvil; 18. guide column; 19. reset spring; 20. upper mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict.

[0046] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0047] During the extrusion molding process of common integral radial spherical plain bearings, a circular contact is formed between the inner and outer rings. The outer ring is formed under the extrusion action of the mold with its contact position with the inner ring as the fulcrum. The internal lubrication layer of the bearing is easily damaged and the lubrication layer is inconvenient to replace. At the same time, the consistency of the gap between the inner and outer rings of the bearing is very low, and the stress concentration phenomenon of the bearing is obvious, resulting in reduced bearing life, unstable performance, and frequent accidents of jamming and dislocation.

[0048] Therefore, the key to solving the above problems is to research and develop an extrusion manufacturing process and product that does not produce ring line contact during extrusion molding, does not damage the lubricating layer, and has good consistency in the gap between the inner and outer rings.

[0049] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the disclosed embodiment of a non-contact spherical plain bearing includes a bearing outer ring 1. Along the height direction Z, the bearing outer ring 1 includes a mating section 11 and a pressure-assisting section 13 located above the mating section 11. A stopper 9 is provided on the bottom surface of the mating section 11 to restrict movement of the mating section 11 toward the central axis of the bearing outer ring 1. During the extrusion process of the non-contact spherical plain bearing, the pressure-assisting section 13 of the bearing outer ring 1 deforms, but the lower mating section 11 is prevented from deforming inward by the stopper 9. This prevents the bearing outer ring 1 from contacting the bearing inner ring 3, thereby eliminating the problem of circular contact between the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 1 during the extrusion molding process of conventional non-contact spherical plain bearings. By controlling the extrusion position of the upper mold 20, the bearing outer ring 1 is prevented from contacting the bearing inner ring 3, maintaining the smoothness of the bearing friction surface, and thus ensuring the lubrication performance of the finished non-contact spherical plain bearing.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, the limiting portion 9 includes a limiting protrusion that protrudes from the bottom surface and extends circumferentially along the mating segment 11. The mating segment 11 includes a first inner surface 111, and a retaining groove 112 is formed on a side of the limiting protrusion near the first inner surface 111. The retaining groove 112 extends circumferentially along the mating segment 11. During the extrusion process of the spherical plain bearing in which the inner and outer rings do not contact each other, the pressure-assisting section 13 of the bearing outer ring 1 deforms. However, the lower mating segment 11 does not deform inward under the action of the limiting protrusion, so that the bearing outer ring 1 does not contact the bearing inner ring 3.

[0051] In some specific embodiments, the height H1 of the limiting protrusion along the height direction Z satisfies the following conditions: 0.7 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 0.8 mm. This prevents eccentricity caused by movement of the bearing outer ring 1 during extrusion. It also facilitates the application of bearing fixing agent after extrusion and before removing the remaining material, thus allowing for further processing of the remaining material. If the size is too small, the limiting protrusion will not function as a limiting factor.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, the mating segment 11 includes a first outer surface 113, which is provided with a pressure-bearing boss 6 extending circumferentially along the mating segment 11. The pressure-bearing boss 6 on the exterior of the bearing outer ring 1 prevents the bearing outer ring 1 from sinking into the lower bearing die 16 during extrusion, thereby reducing or avoiding the possibility of the bearing outer ring 1 becoming trapped in the lower die 16 during extrusion and becoming unable to be removed.

[0053] Preferably, the pressure-bearing boss 6 of the bearing outer ring 1 has a height H2 of 2 mm, an upper edge length L2 of 2 mm, and a lower edge length L3 of 2.5 mm. This effectively prevents the bearing outer ring 1 from falling into the lower die 16 and becoming unable to be removed during extrusion. It also improves the internal stress state of the bearing outer ring 1 during forming, making the overall internal stress of the bearing outer ring 1 more uniform. If the pressure-bearing boss 6 is too short, it will not be able to provide support.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, a connecting section 12 is provided between the pressure-assisting section 13 and the mating section 11. The connecting section 12 includes a second inner surface 121, which is provided with a deformation-assisting groove 5. The deformation-assisting groove 5 extends along the circumference of the connecting section 12. The deformation-assisting groove 5 on the second inner surface 121 facilitates deformation of the bearing outer ring 1 during compression, allowing the bearing outer ring 1 to abut against the outer surface of the bearing inner ring 3.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, the deformation-assisting groove 5 includes a first sidewall 51 and a second sidewall 52, which intersect at an angle β satisfying the following conditions: 58° ≤ β ≤ 62°. This facilitates deformation of the bearing outer ring 1 during extrusion. If the angle is too small, the two surfaces of the deformation-assisting groove 5 may prematurely contact during extrusion, causing a sudden change in the extrusion force on the bearing outer ring 1 and affecting the forming effect. If the angle is too large, insufficient extrusion may occur, resulting in a larger gap 2 between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 3 of the spherical plain bearing after forming, where the inner and outer rings do not contact each other.

[0056] The bottom of the 5-corner auxiliary groove can be rounded to facilitate machining without affecting the overall forming effect.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, the depth a of the auxiliary groove 5 satisfies the following: 0.9 mm ≤ a ≤ 1 mm. If the depth a of the auxiliary groove 5 is too long, the upper half of the bearing outer ring 1 may contact the bearing inner ring 3 during the forming process, resulting in excessive extrusion. If the depth a of the auxiliary groove 5 is too short, insufficient extrusion may occur.

[0058] Optionally, the upper end of the auxiliary groove 5 is flush with the top end of the bearing inner ring 3, which makes it easier to process and remove excess material after the bearing is formed, without scratching the outer surface of the inner ring.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, the height b of the auxiliary groove 5 satisfies the following conditions: 1.3 mm ≤ b ≤ 1.4 mm. If the height b of the auxiliary groove 5 is too deep, the upper end of the auxiliary groove 5 may break during extrusion, or the material may be over-extruded. If the height b of the auxiliary groove 5 is too shallow, the extrusion force required during extrusion may increase, resulting in insufficient extrusion.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, the pressure-assisting section 13 includes a second outer surface 132 and a third inner surface 131. Along the height direction Z and from top to bottom, the second outer surface 132 is inclined away from the central axis. The included angle α between the second outer surface 132 and the third inner surface 131 satisfies the following conditions: 29°≤α≤32°. A top angle α of the bearing outer ring 1 blank between 29° and 32° provides excellent forming results, minimizes damage to the die forming surface, and extends the die's service life.

[0061] If the angle α is too large, the gap 2 between the inner and outer rings of the bearing will be too small during the forming process, affecting the forming effect. At the same time, a too large angle will cause the contact area between the bearing top angle and the mold forming surface to be too large, increasing frictional resistance and further damaging the mold forming surface. If the angle α is too small, the gap 2 between the inner and outer rings of the bearing will be too large during the forming process, which will not meet the requirements of the final bearing product.

[0062] In some specific embodiments, the second outer surface 132 smoothly transitions to the third inner surface 131. Under the extrusion of the mold cavity, the second outer surface 132 of the bearing shrinks and deforms inwardly, with a large deformation amount, and drives the second inner surface 121 of the bearing to deform inwardly, ensuring molding under a good internal stress state.

[0063] In some specific embodiments, the first inner surface 111 of the mating segment 11 comprises a spherical surface, while the second inner surface 121 is a vertical surface. Because the first inner surface 111 undergoes substantially no deformation during molding, the spherical first inner surface 111 can better adapt to the shape of the bearing inner ring 3. However, the second inner surface 121 deforms significantly during molding. Thanks to special structural designs such as the internal deformation-assisting groove 5 of the bearing outer ring 1 blank and the angle α at the top of the bearing outer ring 1, the mating segment 11 can be substantially parallel to the shape of the bearing inner ring 3 after molding, leaving an appropriate gap for filling with lubricant.

[0064] In some specific embodiments, the bearing further includes an inner ring 3. A gap L is defined between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 1, satisfying the following conditions: 0.2 ≤ L ≤ 0.6 mm. A solid lubricant can be injected into the gap 2 to create a lubricant-filled, integral, radial non-contact spherical plain bearing. Different types of bearing lubricants can be injected into the gap 2 between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 1 to create radial non-contact spherical plain bearings that meet various requirements.

[0065] The gap 2 between the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 1 of the spherical plain bearing whose inner and outer rings do not contact each other is filled with lubricating material to replace the inner ring fixing agent.

[0066] If the hardness of the bearing inner ring 3 is too low, the outer spherical surface of the bearing inner ring 3 is more susceptible to scratching during operation. If the hardness of the bearing inner ring 3 is too high, it is prone to fracture under impact loads. If the hardness of the bearing inner ring 3 is too high and the hardness of the bearing outer ring 1 is too low, the performance of the spherical plain bearing after forming will be affected, resulting in reduced strength and wear resistance of the spherical plain bearing. If the hardness of the bearing outer ring 1 is too high, the forming pressure required during forming will increase, and the contact pressure between the top of the bearing and the mold will increase, which will increase mold damage. If the inner surface roughness of the bearing outer ring 1 is too low and the surface is too smooth, the interface between the lubricant material in gap 2 and the inner surface of the bearing outer ring 1 will be poor, and the lubricant material will easily peel off. If the inner surface roughness of the bearing outer ring 1 is too high, it will easily cause stress concentration under alternating loads, reducing fatigue strength. Based on this, in the disclosed embodiments, the material of the bearing inner ring 3 has a Rockwell hardness of 55-62; and / or the material of the bearing outer ring 1 has a Rockwell hardness of 28-37; and the inner surface roughness of the bearing outer ring 1 has an Ra of 2-8 μm.

[0067] Optionally, the material of the bearing inner ring 3 is 440C stainless steel, and the material of the bearing outer ring 1 is 17-4PH alloy stainless steel.

[0068] The extrusion die for a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is used to extrude the spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The extrusion die for a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings includes an upper die 20, a lower die 16, a positioning core column 15, a support spring 14, and a bearing gasket 8; the upper die 20 is connected to the lower surface of an upper anvil 17, and the lower die 16 is connected to the upper surface of the lower anvil; a guide column 18 is provided on the lower anvil, and the upper anvil 17 is sleeved on the guide column 18. The upper anvil 17 can slide up and down along the guide column 18 under the action of an extrusion drive device; the positioning core column 15 is provided on the lower anvil, and the positioning core column 15 is sleeved with a support spring 14. The bottom of the support spring 14 abuts the lower anvil, and the positioning core column 15 is located at the center of the lower die 16; the bearing gasket 8 is detachably sleeved on the positioning core column 15, and a limiting boss 7 is provided on the bearing gasket 8, and the limiting boss 7 is engaged with the limiting portion 9.

[0069] The outer ring 1 of the bearing is provided with an auxiliary deformation groove 5, which makes it easier to deform during extrusion, so that the outer ring 1 of the bearing is close to the outer surface of the inner ring 3 of the bearing; at the same time, the outer surface of the outer ring 1 of the bearing is provided with a pressure-bearing boss 6, which reduces or avoids the outer ring 1 of the bearing from sinking into the lower mold 16 during the extrusion process, making it difficult to remove; the positioning core column 15 and the lower mold 16 determine the concentricity of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, so that there will be no deviation; during the extrusion of the bearing, the upper part of the outer ring 1 of the bearing is deformed, and the lower part will not be deformed inward under the action of the limiting boss 7, and the outer ring will not contact the inner ring 3 of the bearing; when the extrusion descends to a fixed position, the guide column 18 contacts the end face of the press , prevent overpressure, ensure the accuracy of the mold pressing position, ensure the extrusion accuracy of the spherical bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings and the smoothness of the outer surface of the bearing inner ring 3, and will not affect the lubrication performance of the finished bearing; the guide column 18 ensures the horizontality of the upper mold 20 when it descends, so that it will not tilt, ensuring the accuracy of processing; the support spring 14 not only plays a certain buffer to prevent the bearing from overpressure, but also relieves pressure and resets after the extrusion is completed, pushing the spherical bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings upward to facilitate removal; paraffin is injected into the gap between the inner and outer rings of the bearing after extrusion, fixing the position of the inner ring to avoid collision and contact is beneficial to processing, ensuring processing quality and processing speed.

[0070] During extrusion, the lower half of the bearing outer ring 1 is restrained by the limiting boss 7 and prevents inward displacement, while the upper half of the bearing outer ring 1 deforms. Controlling the extrusion position of the upper die 20 ensures that the semi-finished bearing outer ring 1 does not contact the bearing inner ring 3, unaffecting the finish of the bearing friction surface and ensuring the lubrication performance of the finished bearing. Simultaneously, the guide post 18 ensures the horizontality of the upper die 20 as it descends, preventing it from tilting and ensuring precise machining. The height of the guide post 18 defines the die pressing position, where it stabilizes against contact with the press end face, preventing overpressure and ensuring both extrusion accuracy and the bearing's precision.

[0071] There are multiple load-bearing spacers 8, and the multiple load-bearing spacers 8 correspond to different inner and outer ring gaps 2 and types of bearing inner ring 3 and bearing outer ring 1 combinations.

[0072] The guide column 18 is height-adjustable, which is beneficial for providing different extrusion positions to process products of different specifications.

[0073] The extrusion drive device is a press, and a return spring 19 of the upper anvil plate 17 is provided on the guide column 18.

[0074] The upper mold 20 is provided with a cavity, and a cross-section that cooperates with the cavity is provided on the upper portion of the bearing outer ring 1. The cavity of the upper mold 20 is a conical cavity. In some specific embodiments, the extrusion drive device is a press, a return spring 19 is sleeved on the guide column 18, and the top of the return spring 19 abuts the upper anvil 17. The upper mold 20 is provided with a cavity, and the second outer surface 132 of the bearing outer ring 1 cooperates with the cavity. Under the extrusion of the cavity, the second outer surface 132 of the bearing will shrink and deform inward, with a large amount of deformation, and will also cause the second inner surface 121 of the bearing to deform inward. However, due to the special shape design of the auxiliary groove 5 and the outer surface of the bearing outer ring 1, the deformation of the second inner surface 121 is relatively small, which can ensure molding under a good internal stress state.

[0075] In some specific embodiments, the cavity of the upper mold 20 is a tapered cavity. The tapered cavity ensures mold forming accuracy and gradually contracts inward after contacting the second outer surface of the bearing during extrusion. The contraction process is relatively smooth and does not produce sudden changes, thus ensuring a stable stress state within the bearing after molding.

[0076] A third aspect of the present disclosure discloses a method for manufacturing a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, using the spherical plain bearing extrusion die with non-contact inner and outer rings provided by the second solution, comprising the following steps:

[0077] Place the bearing inner ring 3 into the bearing outer ring 1 from the top, and adjust the position of the bearing inner ring 3 so that the central axis of the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 1 coincide. Figure 2 shown.

[0078] Place the bearing pad 8, the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 1 as a whole into the lower die 16 of the extrusion die, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the bearing gasket 8 and the bearing inner ring 3 are sleeved on the positioning core column 15 of the lower mold 16, and the lower surfaces of the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 1 are attached to the bearing gasket 8. The limiting boss 7 of the bearing gasket 8 is clamped on the inner edge of the limiting part on the bottom surface of the bearing outer ring 1 and defines the position of the bearing outer ring 1. Figure 1 As shown; the bearing outer ring 1 is limited in position by the limiting boss 7 on the bearing gasket 8 to ensure that it does not deviate inward during extrusion.

[0079] The extrusion drive device squeezes the upper anvil 17, and the upper anvil 17 drives the upper die 20 to move downward to squeeze the outer ring of the bearing inward. The extrusion drive device squeezes to a set displacement and maintains pressure for a period of time, and the outer ring 1 of the bearing is deformed, so that the upper inner surface of the outer ring 1 is close to the inner ring 3 of the bearing and a certain gap 2 is maintained; Figure 5 As shown; the gap 2 between the inner and outer rings ensures that the inner and outer rings do not contact each other when the bearing is formed, and the bearing has a gap 2 filled with lubricating material after forming.

[0080] Remove the extrusion drive device, lift and reset the upper mold 20 under the action of the reset spring 19, take out the extruded bearing inner ring 3 and bearing outer ring 1 assembly, and perform fine processing on the bearing outer ring 1 to remove the excess and process it into a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings that meets the requirements, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0081] In some specific embodiments, before removing the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 1 assembly, a bearing inner ring fixing agent is first added to the gap 2 between the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 1 to prevent the inner smooth surfaces of the inner and outer rings from contacting and colliding and being damaged when the bearing outer ring 1 is processed to remove the excess.

[0082] Optionally, the bearing inner ring fixing agent is paraffin.

[0083] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device that includes the element.

[0084] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present disclosure, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments, but is to be construed in the broadest manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, characterized in that: include: Bearing outer ring (1); Along the height direction (Z), the bearing outer ring (1) comprises a fitting section (11) and a pressure-assisting section (13) located above the fitting section (11); A limiting portion (9) is provided on the bottom surface of the mating section (11), and the limiting portion (9) is used to limit the mating section (11) from moving toward the central axis of the bearing outer ring (1) during the extrusion molding process of the spherical bearing; A connecting section (12) is provided between the pressure-assisting section (13) and the matching section (11), and the connecting section (12) includes a second inner surface (121). The second inner surface (121) is provided with an auxiliary change groove (5), and the auxiliary change groove (5) extends along the circumference of the connecting section (12). The auxiliary change groove (5) includes a first side wall (51) and a second side wall (52), and the first side wall (51) and the second side wall (52) intersect.

2. The spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting portion (9) includes a limiting protrusion, the limiting protrusion protrudes from the bottom surface, the limiting protrusion extends along the circumference of the matching section (11), the matching section (11) includes a first inner surface (111), and a clamping groove (112) is formed on a side of the limiting protrusion close to the first inner surface (111), and the clamping groove (112) extends along the circumference of the matching section (11); And / or, the mating segment (11) comprises a first outer surface (113), the first outer surface (113) is provided with a pressure-bearing boss (6), and the pressure-bearing boss (6) extends along the circumference of the mating segment (11).

3. The spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the height direction (Z), the height H1 of the limiting protrusion satisfies: 0.7 mm≤H1≤0.8 mm.

4. The spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle β between the first side wall (51) and the second side wall (52) satisfies: 58°≤β≤62°; And / or, the depth a of the auxiliary change groove (5) satisfies: 0.9 mm ≤ a ≤ 1 mm; And / or, the height b of the auxiliary change groove (5) satisfies: 1.3 mm ≤ b ≤ 1.4 mm.

5. The spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure-assisting section (13) includes a second outer surface (132) and a third inner surface (131); Along the height direction (Z) and from top to bottom, the second outer surface (132) is inclined in a direction away from the central axis; An included angle α between the second outer surface (132) and the third inner surface (131) satisfies: 29°≤α≤32°.

6. The spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first inner surface (111) comprises a spherical surface, and the second inner surface (121) is a vertical surface.

7. The spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a bearing inner ring (3), wherein a gap (2) L is provided between the bearing inner ring (3) and the bearing outer ring (1), and the gap (2) L satisfies: 0.2≤L≤0.6mm; and / or, the bearing inner ring (3) material has a Rockwell hardness of 55-62; And / or, the Rockwell hardness of the material of the bearing outer ring (1) is 28-37; the inner surface roughness of the bearing outer ring (1) is Ra=2-8 μm.

8. An extrusion die for a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, used for extruding the spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: An upper mold (20), a lower mold (16), a positioning core column (15), a supporting spring (14) and a bearing gasket (8); The upper mold (20) is connected to the lower surface of the upper anvil (17), the lower mold (16) is connected to the upper surface of the lower anvil, a guide column (18) is provided on the lower anvil, the upper anvil (17) is sleeved on the guide column (18), and the upper anvil (17) can slide up and down along the guide column (18) under the action of the extrusion drive device; The positioning core column (15) is arranged on the lower anvil, the positioning core column (15) is sleeved with a support spring (14), the bottom of the support spring (14) abuts against the lower anvil, and the positioning core column (15) is located at the center of the lower mold (16); The bearing gasket (8) is detachably sleeved on the positioning core column (15), and a limiting boss (7) is provided on the bearing gasket (8), and the limiting boss (7) is engaged with the limiting portion (9).

9. The spherical plain bearing extrusion die with non-contact inner and outer rings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The extrusion drive device is a press, the guide column (18) is provided with a return spring (19), the top of the return spring (19) is in contact with the upper anvil (17), the upper mold (20) is provided with a cavity, and the second outer surface (132) of the bearing outer ring (1) is matched with the cavity; The cavity of the upper mold (20) is a tapered cavity.

10. A method for manufacturing a spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings, using the extrusion die for the spherical plain bearing with non-contact inner and outer rings according to claim 9, characterized in that: Including steps: Place the bearing inner ring (3) into the bearing outer ring (1) from the top, and adjust the position of the bearing inner ring (3) so that the central axes of the bearing inner ring (3) and the bearing outer ring (1) coincide with each other; The bearing gasket (8) and the bearing inner ring (3) and the bearing outer ring (1) are placed as a whole in the lower mold (16) of the extrusion mold, the bearing gasket (8) and the bearing inner ring (3) are sleeved on the positioning core column (15) of the lower mold (16), the lower surfaces of the bearing inner ring (3) and the bearing outer ring (1) are attached to the bearing gasket (8), and the limiting boss (7) of the bearing gasket (8) is clamped on the inner edge of the limiting portion (9) on the bottom surface of the bearing outer ring (1) to limit the position of the bearing outer ring (1); The extrusion drive device squeezes the upper anvil (17), and the upper anvil (17) drives the upper mold (20) to move downward to squeeze the bearing outer ring (1) inward, and the extrusion drive device squeezes to a set displacement and maintains pressure for a period of time, so that the bearing outer ring (1) is deformed, so that the upper part of the inner surface of the bearing outer ring (1) is close to the bearing inner ring (3) and maintains a certain gap (2); The extrusion drive device is removed, and the upper mold (20) is lifted and reset under the action of the reset spring (19), and the extruded bearing inner ring (3) and bearing outer ring (1) assembly is taken out, and the bearing outer ring (1) is finely processed to remove the excess.

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