A high-power heat transfer pipe with anti-gravity capability

Abstract

This invention provides a high-power heat pipe with anti-gravity capability. The heat pipe has a columnar structure, including an evaporation end, a condensation end, and a liquid storage end. The two sides of the evaporation end are connected to the condensation end and the liquid storage end, respectively. The evaporation end includes a capillary structure, a first shell, and a first connector. The condensation end includes a second shell, a third shell, a first end cap, a second end cap, a second connector, a connecting pipe, a cavity, and a second vapor channel. The liquid storage end includes a fourth shell, a third end cap, and a filling port. This invention achieves heat conduction through the evaporation and condensation of the working fluid at the evaporation and condensation ends. Driven by the pressure difference, the liquid working fluid returns to the liquid storage end through the connecting pipe and enters the capillary structure through the first connector, forming a self-circulating two-phase fluid loop. Simultaneously, by increasing capillary force and reducing flow resistance, the heat transfer power is improved, and the anti-gravity capability is enhanced. With a simple condensation section length design, it can be applied to various application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat dissipation technology, and in particular to a high-power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional sintered heat pipes can be viewed as capillary pressure-driven two-phase fluid loops. The working fluid evaporation typically occurs on the vapor chamber side surface of the capillary structure at the evaporation end, while condensation occurs on the vapor chamber side surfaces of other capillary structures. Liquid working fluid, driven by capillary pressure, flows back to the evaporation end capillary structure through the flow path to replenish the liquid. The magnitude of the capillary force driving the system and the flow resistance hindering the recirculation of the working fluid are both related to the porous material. High capillary force requires the porous material to have small pore size, low flow resistance, and high permeability; however, porous materials cannot simultaneously meet these two completely contradictory requirements.

[0003] In existing technologies, due to cost requirements of mass production processes, large pore size (on the order of 10 μm) and high permeability (10-13 μm) are typically selected. 2 Because they are porous materials (on the order of magnitude), sintered heat pipes are usually constrained by capillary limits, resulting in low heat transfer power and poor anti-gravity capability.

[0004] The patent document with publication number [CN114838607A] discloses a heat pipe, including a tube body and a first capillary wick; the inner wall of the tube body is uniformly arranged with multiple groove structures along the axial direction of the tube body; the tube body is provided with an evaporation section and a condensation section; the first capillary wick is attached to the groove structure of the evaporation section, and evaporates and vaporizes the liquid working fluid in the evaporation section to form steam; the groove structure on the inner wall of the condensation section allows the condensed working fluid liquid to flow back to the evaporation section. This patent employs a grooved capillary structure and utilizes the change in the meniscus radius of the working fluid within the groove to generate capillary force. Although the capillary force is relatively small, it has a high permeability K and very low liquid backflow resistance, achieving a high axial heat transfer capacity. This solves the contradiction between the capillary force and the working fluid backflow resistance in heat pipes with a single type of capillary structure, thereby improving the heat transfer power of the heat pipe. However, in this patent, when the heat pipe is in an anti-gravity working state with the evaporation section above, it cannot fully utilize its backflow speed advantage, resulting in a weaker anti-gravity capability and a smaller capillary force, which limits the heat transfer power to some extent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems of existing heat pipes, which are typically constrained by capillary limits, resulting in low heat transfer power and poor anti-gravity capability, this invention achieves the following:

[0006] A high-power heat transfer pipe with anti-gravity capability includes an evaporation end, a condensation end, and a liquid storage end; the two sides of the evaporation end are respectively connected to the condensation end and the liquid storage end.

[0007] The evaporation end includes a capillary structure, a first shell, and a first connector;

[0008] The capillary structure is interference-fitted with the first tube shell.

[0009] The first tube shell is connected to the first connector;

[0010] The condenser end includes a second shell, a third shell, a first end cap, a second end cap, a second connector, a connecting pipe, a cavity, and a second steam passage;

[0011] One side of the second tube shell is connected to the second connector, and the other side is connected to the second end cap;

[0012] One side of the third tube shell is connected to the second connector, and the other side is connected to the first end cap;

[0013] The second connector is fitted into the capillary structure;

[0014] The space within the second and third tube shells forms the second steam passage;

[0015] The connecting tube passes through the first connector, the second connector, and the first end cap to enter the liquid storage end;

[0016] The second connector and the first end cap are fixedly connected to the connecting pipe;

[0017] The cavity is formed between the third tube shell, the first end cap, the second connector, and the connecting tube;

[0018] The liquid storage end includes a fourth tube shell and a third end cap;

[0019] One end of the fourth tube shell is connected to the third end cap, and the other end is connected to the first connector.

[0020] Preferably, the first connector includes a first shell mounting end face, a liquid channel, and a fourth shell mounting end face;

[0021] The first tube shell mounting end face is connected to the first tube shell;

[0022] The fourth tube shell mounting end face is connected to the fourth tube shell;

[0023] The liquid channel is connected to the capillary structure.

[0024] Preferably, the second connector includes a second shell mounting end face, a third shell mounting end face, a plurality of first steam passages, and a first connecting pipe mounting hole;

[0025] The mounting end face of the second tube shell is connected to the other side of the second tube shell;

[0026] The mounting end face of the third tube shell is connected to one side of the third tube shell;

[0027] The plurality of first steam passages are connected to the second steam passage;

[0028] The first connecting pipe mounting hole connects to and fixes the connecting pipe.

[0029] Preferably, the first end cap includes a second connecting pipe mounting hole and a mounting end face;

[0030] The mounting end face is connected to the other side of the third tube shell;

[0031] The second connecting pipe mounting hole connects to and fixes the connecting pipe.

[0032] Preferably, the capillary structure includes a plurality of steam channels and liquid channels;

[0033] The plurality of steam channels are connected to the plurality of first steam passages;

[0034] The liquid trunk line is connected to the liquid channel line.

[0035] Preferably, the diameter of the first connecting pipe mounting hole is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting pipe.

[0036] Preferably, the capillary structure is a porous material formed by metal sintering.

[0037] Preferably, the liquid storage end is further provided with a filling port; the filling port is located on one side of the fourth tube shell.

[0038] Preferably, the positions of the plurality of steam channels are 120°-180° apart;

[0039] The positions of the plurality of first steam channels are between 120° and 180°.

[0040] Preferably, the connection method is selected from one of laser welding, electron beam welding, brazing or argon arc welding.

[0041] Implementing this invention can solve the technical problems in the prior art where heat pipes are usually constrained by capillary limits, resulting in low heat transfer power and poor anti-gravity capability. By increasing capillary force and reducing flow resistance, this invention achieves the technical effects of strong heat transfer capability, low system flow resistance, and anti-gravity capability on the order of 10 meters. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the evaporation end in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of the capillary structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the first connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a front sectional view of the condenser end in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a front sectional view of the second connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a front sectional view of the first end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a front sectional view of the liquid storage end in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] In the above figures, the figure numbers respectively indicate: 1 Evaporation end

[0052] 1-1 Capillary Structure

[0053] 1-1-1 Steam Channel

[0054] 1-1-2 Liquid Main Channel

[0055] 1-2 First Tube Shell

[0056] 1-3 First Connector

[0057] 1-3-1 First Tube Shell Mounting End Face

[0058] 1-3-2 Liquid Channel

[0059] 1-3-3 Fourth tube shell mounting end face 2 Condensation end

[0060] 2-1 Second Tube Shell

[0061] 2-2 Third Tube Shell

[0062] 2-3 First end cap

[0063] 2-3-1 Second connecting pipe mounting hole

[0064] 2-3-2 Mounting end face

[0065] 2-4 Second Connector

[0066] 2-4-1 Second Tube Shell Mounting End Face

[0067] 2-4-2 Third Tube Shell Mounting End Face

[0068] 2-4-3 First Steam Passage

[0069] 2-4-4 First connecting pipe mounting hole

[0070] 2-5 Second end cap

[0071] 2-6 Connecting pipe

[0072] 2-7 Cavity

[0073] 2-8 Second Steam Passage

[0074] 3. Liquid storage end

[0075] 3-1 Fourth Tube Shell

[0076] 3-2 Third end cap

[0077] 3-3 Filling port Detailed Implementation

[0078] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0079] Example

[0080] In one specific embodiment, a high-power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability, such as Figure 1 As shown, the heat pipe has a columnar structure, including an evaporation end 1, a condensation end 2, and a liquid storage end 3. The two sides of the evaporation end 1 are connected to the condensation end 2 and the liquid storage end 3, respectively.

[0081] like Figure 2As shown, the evaporation end 1 includes a capillary structure 1-1, a first shell 1-2, and a first connector 1-3. In this embodiment, the capillary structure 1-1 is a nickel-sintered porous material with an average pore size of 1 μm and a porosity of 70%. It is installed inside the first shell 1-2 by interference fit. The capillary structure 1-1 has a small pore size and high porosity, and the capillary force can reach tens of thousands of Pa, supporting 1000W-level heat and 100W / cm². 2 A heat source with high heat flux density has a large heat transfer power.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, the capillary structure 1-1 is a cylindrical through-hole structure. The capillary structure includes two steam channels 1-1-1 and a liquid main channel 1-1-2. The two steam channels 1-1-1 are positioned at 180° apart. The central hole of the capillary structure 1-1 serves as the liquid main channel 1-1-2.

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown, the first connector 1-3 includes a first shell mounting end face 1-3-1, a liquid channel 1-3-2, and a fourth shell mounting end face 1-3-3. The first shell 1-2 is connected to the first shell mounting end face 1-3-1 by laser welding, thus connecting the first shell 1-2 to the first connector 1-3. The liquid channel 1-3-2 is connected to the liquid main channel 1-1-2 of the capillary structure 1-1.

[0084] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The condenser end 2 shown includes a second shell 2-1, a third shell 2-2, a first end cap 2-3, a second connector 2-4, a second end cap 2-5, a connecting pipe 2-6, a cavity 2-7, and a second steam passage 2-8.

[0085] The second connector 2-4 includes a second shell mounting end face 2-4-1, a third shell mounting end face 2-4-2, two first steam passages 2-4-3, and a first connecting pipe mounting hole 2-4-4. The first connecting pipe mounting hole 2-4-4 is located at the center of the second connector 2-4, and the diameter of the first connecting pipe mounting hole 2-4-4 is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting pipe 2-6.

[0086] The first end cap 2-3 includes a second connecting pipe mounting hole 2-3-1 and a mounting end face 2-3-2. The second connecting pipe mounting hole 2-3-1 is located at the center of the first end cap 2-3, and the diameter of the hole is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting pipe 2-6.

[0087] The second connector 2-4 is attached to the capillary structure 1-1, and the first tube shell 1-2 is connected to the second connector 2-4 by laser welding.

[0088] One side of the second shell 2-1 is connected to the second shell mounting end face 2-4-1 by laser welding to the second connector 2-4, and the other side is connected to the second end cap 2-5 by laser welding. One side of the third shell 2-2 is connected to the third shell mounting end face 2-4-2 by laser welding to the second connector 2-4, and the other side is connected to the first end cap 2-3 by laser welding.

[0089] A circular second steam channel 2-8 is formed between the second shell 2-1 and the third shell 2-2, and the two first steam channels 2-4-3 on the second connector 2-4 are connected to the second steam channel 2-8.

[0090] Connecting pipe 2-6 passes through first connector 1-3, second connector 2-4, and first end cap 2-3 respectively, and enters the liquid storage end 3 through the liquid main channel 1-1-2 of capillary structure 1-1. Connecting pipe 2-6 is fixedly connected to the first connecting pipe mounting hole 2-4-4 in second connector 2-4 and the second connecting pipe mounting hole 2-3-1 in first end cap 2-3 by brazing. Thus, a cavity 2-7 is formed between the third shell 2-2, first end cap 2-3, second connector 2-4, and connecting pipe 2-6, which serves as thermal insulation between the vapor channel 2-8 and connecting pipe 2-6.

[0091] like Figure 8 As shown, the liquid storage end 3 includes a fourth tube shell 3-1, a third end cap 3-2, and a filling port 3-3. One end of the fourth tube shell 3-1 is connected to the third end cap 3-2 by laser welding, and the other end is connected to the first connector 1-3 by laser welding. The filling port 3-3 is integral with the fourth tube shell 3-1 and is located above the fourth tube shell 3-1.

[0092] The working fluid is injected into the heat pipe through the filling port 3-3. The evaporation end 1 is connected to the heat source, and the condensation end 2 is connected to the cold source. After receiving heat from the outside through the evaporation end 1, the liquid working fluid evaporates on the outer surface of the capillary structure 1-1. The vapor gathers in the vapor channel 1-1-1 and enters the second vapor channel 2-8 through the first vapor channel 2-4-3. After releasing heat at the condensation end 3, the vapor gradually liquefies. Driven by the pressure difference, the liquid working fluid returns to the storage end 3 through the connecting pipe 2-6. The liquid working fluid enters the liquid trunk 1-1-2 of the capillary structure 1-1 along the liquid channel 1-3-2, forming a self-circulating two-phase fluid loop. In this way, the backflow resistance of the working fluid is effectively reduced, enabling the heat transfer heat pipe in this embodiment to have an anti-gravity capability on the order of 10m.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment, the positions of the two steam channels 1-1-1 are 120°-180° apart, and the positions of the two first steam channels 2-4-3 are consistent with those of the steam channels 1-1-1, so as to facilitate the smooth entry of the gaseous working fluid from the evaporation end 2 into the condensation end 3.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment, the connection method is selected from one of laser welding, electron beam welding, brazing or argon arc welding, which has the advantages of being less prone to oxidation, having good process repeatability and small thermal deformation. Through the above welding methods, the internal sealing of the heat pipe can be better. Compared with other connection methods, the welding method in this embodiment makes it less likely for the heat from the evaporation end 1 and the condensation end 2 to be dissipated into the liquid storage end 3, thus avoiding leakage of liquid working fluid.

[0095] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0096] 1. Strong heat transfer capacity: The small pore size and high porosity of the capillary structure 1-1 generate capillary forces of up to tens of thousands of Pa, supporting 1000W-level heat transfer and 100W / cm² heat transfer. 2 A heat source with high heat flux density;

[0097] 2. Wide range of applications: The system has low flow resistance, anti-gravity capability up to 10 meters, and can be used in any posture without performance degradation;

[0098] 3. Simple design: The length of the condenser end 2 can be designed according to the actual use scenario, and the size of the heat sink can be matched with the thermal coupling, so as to control the heat source to the ideal temperature level.

Claims

1. A high-power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability, comprising an evaporation end, a condensation end and a liquid storage end; characterized in that, The evaporation end is connected with the condensation end and the liquid storage end respectively; The evaporation end comprises a capillary structure, a first tube shell and a first joint; The capillary structure is interference fitted with the first tube shell; The first tube shell is connected with the first joint; The condensation end comprises a second tube shell, a third tube shell, a first end cover, a second end cover, a second joint, a connecting tube, a cavity and a second vapor passage; One side of the second tube shell is connected with the second joint, and the other side is connected with the second end cover; One side of the third tube shell is connected with the second joint, and the other side is connected with the first end cover; The second joint is fitted with the capillary structure; The second tube shell and the space in the third tube shell form the second vapor passage; The connecting tube passes through the first joint, the second joint and the first end cover into the liquid storage end; The second joint and the first end cover are fixedly connected with the connecting tube; The third tube shell, the first end cover, the second joint and the connecting tube form the cavity; The liquid storage end comprises a fourth tube shell and a third end cover; One end of the fourth tube shell is connected with the third end cover, and the other end is connected with the first joint; The first joint comprises a first tube shell mounting end face, a liquid passage and a fourth tube shell mounting end face; The first tube shell mounting end face is connected with the first tube shell; The fourth tube shell mounting end face is connected with the fourth tube shell; The liquid passage is communicated with the capillary structure; The capillary structure comprises a liquid trunk and a plurality of vapor grooves; The second joint comprises a plurality of first vapor passages; The plurality of vapor grooves are communicated with the plurality of first vapor passages; The liquid trunk is communicated with the liquid passage.

2. A high-power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second joint further comprises a second tube shell mounting end face, a third tube shell mounting end face and a first connecting tube mounting hole; The second tube shell mounting end face is connected with the other side of the second tube shell; The third tube shell mounting end face is connected with one side of the third tube shell; The plurality of first vapor passages are communicated with the second vapor passage; The first connecting tube mounting hole connects and fixes the connecting tube.

3. A high-power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first end cover comprises a second connecting tube mounting hole and a mounting end face; The mounting end face is connected with the other side of the third tube shell; The second connecting tube mounting hole connects and fixes the connecting tube.

4. A high-power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid storage end is further provided with a filling port; the filling port is located on one side of the fourth tube shell.

5. A large power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameters of the first connecting tube mounting hole and the second connecting tube mounting hole are equal to the outer diameter of the connecting tube.

6. A large power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capillary structure is a metal sintered porous material.

7. A large power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The positions between the plurality of vapor grooves are 120°-180°; The positions between the plurality of first vapor passages are 120°-180°.

8. A large power heat transfer heat pipe with anti-gravity capability according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The connection mode is selected from one of laser welding, electron beam welding, brazing or argon arc welding.

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