Antenna of a dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna with a dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole director, comprising: a reflection cavity, a radiator, a feeding probe and a director; the reflection cavity comprises a metal ground, the radiator comprises four groups of folded vertical metal plates placed on the metal ground, and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the vertical metal plates; the feeding probe is non-connectedly arranged on the radiator; the director comprises four groups of folded second vertical metal plates, and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the second vertical metal plates, and adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected; the director is fixed to the radiator in the upper and lower directions by nylon studs. The dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole director of the present application makes up for the disadvantage of the single polarization of the electric dipole. At the same time, due to the integration of the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole, the gain of the antenna can be steadily improved over a wider frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna with a dual-polarization magnetoelectric dipole director. Background Art

[0002] Among antennas, dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antennas are becoming increasingly popular due to their broadband capabilities, stable radiation patterns, and low cross-polarization.

[0003] However, the antenna gain of traditional dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antennas is insufficient to meet the requirements of modern communication systems that require high antenna gain, and there is still much room for improvement. Traditional electric dipole directors can only increase antenna gain in a single polarization direction and are therefore not suitable for dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antennas.

[0004] Although the antenna gain can be improved by arranging antennas into arrays, it will lead to a complex feeding network, larger size and power loss.

[0005] literature

[0006] A dual-polarized ridge gap waveguide magnetoelectric dipole antenna is proposed in "A.Dadgarpour, N.Bayat-Makou, M.A.Antoniades, A.A.Kishkand A.Sebak,"A Dual-Polarized Magnetoelectric Dipole Array Based on Printed Ridge Gap Waveguide With Dual-Polarized Split-Ring Resonator Lens," in IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol.68, no.5, pp.3578-3585, May 2020", which is excited by microstrip lines printed on different board layers.

[0007] The antenna's dual polarization is achieved through a two-layer ridge-gap waveguide structure. To improve antenna gain, a dual-polarized split resonant ring was designed and placed above the antenna's radiation source. Each layer consists of three resonant rings, each 3x3 in total. This stacked resonant ring structure achieves a 3dB gain boost. Furthermore, the authors further constructed a 1x4 antenna array based on this structure, further increasing the gain. However, this multi-layer structure is complex to manufacture, and the array of resonant rings further increases the antenna's aperture.

[0008] literature

[0009] A dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna was proposed in "JY Yin and L. Zhang," Design of a Dual-Polarized Magnetoelectric Dipole Antenna with Gain Improvement at Low Elevation Angle for a Base Station," in IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 756-760, May 2020.", which is fed by two cross-placed Γ-shaped probes.

[0010] To improve antenna gain, this antenna uses a notched reflector cavity. This cavity can increase antenna gain by 2dB. However, the overall gain of the antenna is still low, with a gain of only 7.4dB at both ports.

[0011] literature

[0012] "J.Tao, Q.Feng and T.Liu,"Dual-wideband magnetoelectric dipole antenna with directorl oaded,"in IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol.17, no.10, pp.1885-1889, Oct.2018." proposed a dual-band magnetoelectric dipole antenna with a double-layer horizontal plate. A metal rectangular horizontal plate with a length of ld = 30 mm and a width of wd = 6 mm was loaded above the antenna at hd = 13 mm as an electric dipole director, so that the antenna operates in a quasi-Yagi antenna mode.

[0013] However, the electric dipole director can only increase the antenna gain by about 2 dB in a higher frequency range, and has little effect on the gain improvement in the lower frequency band.

[0014] Therefore, the antenna gain improvement of a single electric dipole director in the prior art can only act in one polarization direction and is concentrated in a narrow frequency range, and is not applicable to dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art that the improvement of antenna gain by electric dipole directors can only act on single-polarization antennas and is not applicable to dual-polarization magneto-electric dipole antennas, and to provide an antenna with a dual-polarization magneto-electric dipole director.

[0016] The present application provides an antenna for a dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director, comprising: a reflector cavity, a radiator, a feeding probe, and a director;

[0017] The reflection cavity includes a metal floor and a panel surrounding the metal floor vertically or at a certain angle;

[0018] The radiator includes four groups of folded vertical metal plates placed on the metal ground, and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the vertical metal plates;

[0019] The feeding probe is non-connectedly arranged on the radiator and is composed of two Γ-shaped probes at different heights and placed crosswise without connection. The vertical portion is parallel to the bend of the vertical metal plate to form an air microstrip line, and the horizontal portion extends to the diagonal horizontal metal plate through a rectangular slot provided on the horizontal plate.

[0020] The director includes four groups of folded second vertical metal plates, and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the second vertical metal plates, and adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected;

[0021] The director is fixed to the radiator in the vertical direction through nylon studs.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes:

[0023] The reflection cavity and the radiator are manufactured integrally, or the radiator is manufactured separately and then installed on the metal ground of the reflection cavity.

[0024] Optionally, the feeding probe comprises two horizontal metal plates placed diagonally to each other to form an electric dipole, and each slot formed by two groups of vertical metal plates placed in the same row is equivalent to a magnetic dipole.

[0025] Optionally, it also includes:

[0026] The other end of the probe extends downward through the horizontal metal plate, and the impedance of the probe can be adjusted by adjusting the downward extension length.

[0027] Optionally, the feeding probes placed diagonally and crossed with each other are fed respectively through two ports, thereby forming dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole radiation in which the radiators do not interfere with each other.

[0028] Advantages and benefits of this application:

[0029] The present application provides an antenna for a dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director, comprising: a reflection cavity, a radiator, a feeding probe, and a director; the reflection cavity comprises a metal ground, and a surrounding plate surrounding the metal ground at a vertical or inclined angle; the radiator comprises four groups of folded vertical metal plates placed on the metal ground, and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the vertical metal plates; the feeding probe is non-connectedly arranged on the radiator, and is composed of two Γ-shaped probes of different heights and non-connected and cross-placed, the vertical portion of which is parallel to the bend of the vertical metal plate to form an air microstrip line, and the horizontal portion extends to the diagonal horizontal metal plate through a rectangular slot provided on the horizontal plate; the director comprises four groups of folded second vertical metal plates, and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the second vertical metal plates, and adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected; the director is fixed to the radiator in the upper and lower directions by nylon studs. The dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole director of the present application makes up for the shortcomings of the single polarization of the electric dipole. At the same time, due to the integration of the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole, the gain of the antenna can be steadily improved over a wider frequency band. The dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole director of the present application makes up for the shortcomings of the single polarization of the electric dipole. At the same time, due to the integration of the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole, the gain of the antenna can be steadily improved over a wider frequency band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in this application.

[0031] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the radiator and feeding probe in this application.

[0032] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the feeding probe structure in this application.

[0033] Figure 4 The figure is a side view schematic diagram of the antenna structure in this application.

[0034] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram comparing the performance of the reference antenna of this application and the proposed antenna.

[0035] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram comparing the measurement and simulation results of the antenna of this application.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of antenna directions during simulation and measurement of port 1 and port 2 at 2.75 GHz in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it.

[0038] The following contents are all examples of specific implementation processes provided for detailed description of the technical solutions to be protected by this application. However, this application can also be implemented in other ways different from the descriptions here. Those skilled in the art can adopt different technical means to implement this application under the guidance of the concept of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments below.

[0039] This application belongs to the field of antennas, and solves the following technical problems: combining magnetic dipoles and electric dipoles to form a magneto-electric dipole director to improve the effect of the director; and achieving simultaneous improvement of the antenna gain in two polarization directions through the director structure.

[0040] The present application provides an antenna for a dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director, comprising a reflection cavity, a radiator, a feeding probe and a director.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the reflection cavity includes a metal floor and a surrounding plate that surrounds the metal floor vertically or at a certain angle.

[0042] Specifically, the reflective cavity is formed by surrounding a metal floor with a height Hf = 26 mm and a vertical or tilted metal plate to form a horn-like shape, thereby achieving the effect of enhancing the forward radiation of the antenna. Preferably, the reflective cavity size Gl (side length) = 200 mm.

[0043] The reflector cavity can be manufactured integrally with the radiator through machining, or it can be manufactured separately and then the radiator is mounted on the reflector cavity floor. Preferably, the thickness of the metal wall around the reflector cavity is 2mm, and the floor thickness is set to 4mm to install and fix the SMA connector.

[0044] The radiator includes four groups of folded vertical metal plates placed on the metal ground, and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the vertical metal plates.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the radiator is a dual-polarization radiator of the antenna, including four groups of folded vertical metal plates with a height of Hr=26 mm and a width of Vr=18.5 mm, and four horizontal metal plates with a side length of Wr=29.2 mm.

[0046] The top ends of the horizontal metal plates and the vertical metal plates are connected in a one-to-one correspondence. Preferably, the thickness of the metal plates is 2 mm.

[0047] The feeding probe is non-connectedly arranged on the radiator and consists of two Γ-shaped probes at different heights that are not connected and placed crosswise. The vertical part is parallel to the bend of the vertical metal plate to form an air microstrip line, and the horizontal part extends to the diagonal horizontal metal plate through a rectangular slot provided on the horizontal plate.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the feeding probe structure of the antenna is as follows:

[0049] The device has two feed probes. Both probes are made from a bent copper strip with a thickness of 0.5 mm and a width of Fm = 2 mm. The differences lie in the height and overall length of the probes. Specifically, the total length of probe 1 is a1 + Fl1 + Fh1 = 51.5 mm, with the height of probe 1 being Fh1 = 28 mm. The total length of probe 2 is a2 + Fl1 + Fh2 = 50 mm, with the height of probe 1 being Fh2 = 27 mm.

[0050] The different heights prevent short circuits from occurring when the two probes are placed crosswise.

[0051] The horizontal plate also features a rectangular slot with a width of W1 = 4mm. This ensures that the probe does not electrically connect to the radiator when passing through it. The vertical portion of the probe forms an air microstrip line with the bend of the vertical metal plate, while the horizontal portion extends through the rectangular slot in the radiator's horizontal plate to the other horizontal metal plate. This couples energy to the horizontal metal plate, while the other end of the probe extends downward through the horizontal metal plate. Adjusting the length of this downward extension, i.e., the lengths a1 and a2, adjusts the probe's impedance.

[0052] It should be noted that the rectangular slot on the radiator is slightly wider than the width of the probe, so the probe and radiator are not connected to each other.

[0053] By placing the feeding probes diagonally across each other and feeding through the two ports respectively, dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole radiation is formed without interfering with the radiators.

[0054] Each pair of horizontal metal plates placed diagonally along the feed probe's direction forms an electric dipole, while each pair of vertical metal plates placed in the same row creates a slot that is equivalent to a magnetic dipole. Therefore, the cross-shaped slots in the radiator are equivalent to two magnetic dipoles. The vector sum of these two magnetic dipoles is orthogonal to the horizontal electric dipole. Therefore, the coexistence of electric and magnetic dipoles creates a magneto-electric dipole radiation pattern.

[0055] Preferably, the antenna's radiator and reflector can be machine-cut together, carving the designed shape from a single piece of aluminum. This method offers greater precision and eliminates positional deviations during radiator installation. Alternatively, each radiator's metal plate can be machined separately and then mounted in its corresponding position on the reflector cavity floor. This method is more cost-effective but also more prone to installation errors.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the director includes four groups of folded second vertical metal plates, and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the second vertical metal plates, and adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected;

[0057] The improvement of antenna gain is mainly due to the loading of the director structure. The overall shape of the director is similar to that of the dual-polarization radiator, but the size is quite different.

[0058] Specifically, every two metal plates placed perpendicular to each other with a height of Hd = 28 mm and a width of Vd = 22 mm constitute a group of second vertical metal plates. The four groups of second vertical metal plates and the cross-shaped ground together constitute a cross groove, which is equivalent to two groups of magnetic dipoles. These two groups of magnetic dipoles can synthesize a vector sum.

[0059] Four second horizontal metal plates, each with a width of Wd = 26 mm, are connected to the top of the second vertical metal plate. Two second horizontal metal plates on each diagonal line form a pair of electric dipoles. The vector sum of the magnetic dipoles is orthogonal to the electric dipoles on the horizontal diagonals, and together they form a magnetic electric dipole director.

[0060] The director is fixed to the radiator in the vertical direction through nylon studs.

[0061] Specifically, each of the four horizontal metal plates of the radiator has a 4mm diameter hole for mounting nylon studs. Similar to the radiator, the director also has a 4mm diameter hole in the second horizontal metal plate. During manufacturing, the antenna director can be fabricated separately and then secured to the bottom radiator using 4mm diameter nylon studs. The distance between the director and radiator can be fine-tuned by adjusting the height of the nuts. This structure is easy to install and disassemble, offers adjustable distance, and is relatively simple to manufacture.

[0062] When different ports of the antenna are working, the radiator has different polarization directions. Similarly, the director can also improve the antenna gain in the corresponding polarization direction.

[0063] By adding a dual-polarized magnetic-electric dipole director, the antenna of this application can simultaneously improve gain in both polarization directions. Because this director combines electric and magnetic dipoles, the antenna gain can be steadily increased over a wide range. At the same time, the antenna's inherent performance advantages, such as a high front-to-back ratio, are retained.

[0064] Traditional single-polarization directors, such as electric dipole directors, can only improve antenna gain in a single polarization direction, resulting in an uneven gain curve. This dual-polarization magnetic electric dipole director overcomes the shortcomings of the electric dipole's single polarization. Furthermore, by integrating both electric and magnetic dipoles, it can steadily improve antenna gain across a wide frequency band.

[0065] The previously proposed dual-polarization split resonant ring structure can also improve the dual-polarization gain of the antenna, but its periodic structure is more complex and increases the antenna aperture size. The director of this application has a simple structure, is easier to manufacture and install, and does not require the same stringent antenna precision as the above methods.

[0066] While antenna arrays achieve high gain, they also introduce complex feed networks and corresponding transmission losses. The antenna proposed in this application avoids the losses introduced by the feed network while still achieving gain comparable to that of antenna arrays. This makes the antenna proposed in this design more suitable for modern communication base stations.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 5 As shown, the common simulated impedance bandwidths of the reference antenna and the antenna proposed in this application for port 1 and port 2 are 67.70% (1.70-3.44 GHz) and 38.87% (2.28-3.38 GHz), respectively. The average gains of the reference antenna and the simulated antenna port 1 within their respective bandwidths are 9.5 dBi and 12.99 dBi.

[0068] Therefore, it can be concluded that after adding the proposed director, the antenna gain within the bandwidth is significantly improved by 3.49dB. Moreover, because the director integrates electric and magnetic dipole directors, the antenna gain improvement within the bandwidth is stable and smooth. In addition, the impedance bandwidth and respective gains of the two ports of the proposed antenna are well matched, demonstrating the good performance of the antenna.

[0069] like Figure 6As shown in (a) of the figure, it can be seen that the measured impedance bandwidth of port 1 is 34.63% (2.34-3.32GHz) and the average gain is 13.69dBi. At the same time, the measured impedance bandwidth of port 2 is 36.03% (2.23-3.21GHz) and the average gain is 13.59dBi. At the same time, the measured maximum gains of port 1 and port 2 are 14.13dBi and 14.07dBi respectively. The antenna measurement results are in reasonable agreement with the simulation results. In addition, as Figure 6 As shown in (b) of Figure 1, a high isolation of more than 20 dB is obtained between port 1 and port 2. This shows that the proposed antenna has good orthogonality performance.

[0070] like Figure 7 As shown. Figure 7 As can be seen in (a) and (b) of the figure, the antenna exhibits simulated cross-polarization of less than -20 dB in the E- and H-planes. The measured and simulated radiation patterns of both ports are highly consistent. Furthermore, the measured data shows a front-to-back ratio exceeding 20 dB. The antenna's strong directivity is achieved by loading a dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director.

Claims

1. An antenna for a dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director, characterized in that: include: Reflector cavities, radiators, feed probes, and directors; The reflection cavity includes a metal floor and a panel surrounding the metal floor vertically or at a certain angle; The radiator includes four groups of folded vertical metal plates arranged on the metal ground, and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the vertical metal plates; The feeding probe is non-connectedly arranged on the radiator and is composed of two Γ-shaped probes at different heights and placed crosswise without connection. The vertical portion is parallel to the bend of the vertical metal plate to form an air microstrip line, and the horizontal portion extends to the diagonal horizontal metal plate through a rectangular slot provided on the horizontal metal plate. The director includes four groups of folded second vertical metal plates, and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the second vertical metal plates, and adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected; The director is fixed to the radiator in the vertical direction through nylon studs.

2. The antenna of the dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The reflection cavity and the radiator are manufactured integrally, or the radiator is manufactured separately and then installed on the metal ground of the reflection cavity.

3. The antenna of the dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The two horizontal metal plates placed diagonally in the feeding probe form an electric dipole, and the slots formed by each two groups of vertical metal plates placed in the same row are equivalent to a magnetic dipole.

4. The antenna of the dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The other end of the probe extends downward through the horizontal metal plate, and the impedance of the probe can be adjusted by adjusting the downward extension length.

5. The antenna of the dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole director according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding probes placed diagonally and crossed with each other are fed respectively through two ports, thereby forming dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole radiation in which the radiators do not interfere with each other.

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