A direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device for a wide particle size range

Abstract

The present invention discloses a direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device for a wide particle size range, which relates to the technical field of ventilation dust removal. The device comprises an inertial particle separator and an array of vortex tubes; the inertial particle separator includes a housing, a central body and a diverter, the central body is divided into a high-rebound part and a diversion part, the high-rebound part is used for the primary separation of the dust-containing air flow, and the central body and the inertial particle separator are coaxial; the array of vortex tubes includes a fixed panel, a plurality of vortex tubes arranged in an array, a cylinder body and a dust discharge port, the fixed panel is used for fixing the vortex tubes in the cylinder body, the length of the cylinder body is greater than the length of the vortex tubes, and the vortex tubes are used for the secondary separation of the dust-containing air flow. The present invention solves the technical problem that when the existing direct-flow vortex tube dust removal device separates large particle size pollutant particles, the particles are easily rebounded from the wall surface and back-mixed into the clean air flow, thereby reducing the separation efficiency, and realizes the efficient separation of the dust-containing air flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ventilation and dust removal, and in particular to a direct-current two-stage separation dust removal device for a wide particle size range. Background Art

[0002] The invention patent with the publication number CN104741253A discloses a direct-current guide vane type cyclone dust collector, which includes an air inlet, an outer cylinder, guide vanes, a fluid guide body, and a dust discharge device at the air outlet. It relies on the spiral vanes to generate centrifugal force, and uses the motion inertia of the solid-phase particles contained in the air flow to throw them towards the wall surface to separate from the air, thereby improving the air cleanliness. However, in the actual working process, the particle size range of the solid-phase particles in the air is usually between 5 microns and 500 microns. For large-particle-size particles, due to their greater motion inertia, after being thrown towards the wall surface by the centrifugal force, they often cannot completely lose their initial velocity and be captured by the wall surface, but instead bounce back into the main flow channel and mix back into the cleaned air flow that has completed separation, reducing the dust removal efficiency of the device. In addition, small-particle-size particles require sufficient motion speed to enable them to reach the wall surface and be captured. In order to ensure a high dust removal efficiency for small-particle-size particles, the dust collector requires a higher air flow inlet speed, which also exacerbates the efficiency loss caused by large-particle-size particles bouncing from the wall surface into the cleaned air flow. The above characteristics make it difficult for this direct-current vortex tube dust collector to be applied in occasions with high wind speeds and a wide particle size range. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Object of the Invention: In order to solve the technical problem that the existing direct-current vortex tube dust collector has low dust removal efficiency for large-particle-size particles at high inlet wind speeds, the present invention aims to provide a direct-current two-stage separation dust removal device that is easy to install, has high dust removal efficiency, is applicable to a wide particle size range, and has high separation efficiency for different particle sizes at different inlet wind speeds.

[0004] Technical solution: The direct-current two-stage separation and dust removal device for a wide particle size range of the present invention includes an inertial particle separator and an array of vortex tubes. The inertial particle separator includes a housing, a central body, and a diverter. The housing is divided into a receiving section and a separation section. The receiving section is a straight cylinder, and the inside of the receiving section is a flow channel. The separation section is arc-shaped. The central body is arranged inside the separation section and is divided into a high-rebound part and a diversion part. The diverter is arranged around the diversion part of the central body. A cleaning channel is formed between the diverter and the housing, and a main flow channel is formed between the diversion part of the central body and the diverter. The central body and the inertial particle separator are coaxial. The array of vortex tubes includes a fixed panel, a plurality of vortex tubes arranged in an array, a cylinder, and a dust discharge port. The fixed panel is used to fix the vortex tubes inside the cylinder. The length of the cylinder is greater than the length of the vortex tubes. The vortex tube includes a cylindrical tube, a guide vane, and an outlet tube. The guide vane is arranged inside the cylindrical tube. The length of the guide vane is less than the length of the cylindrical tube. The outlet tube is arranged at the outlet end of the cylindrical tube. The diameter of the outlet tube is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical tube. The outlet tube and the cylindrical tube are coaxial. The dust discharge port is arranged at the position of the cylinder relative to the outlet tube. An outflow channel is formed between the outlet end of the vortex tube and the cylinder. The inner wall of the diverter and the cylinder of the array of vortex tubes are integrally formed. The inertial particle separator and the array of vortex tubes are coaxial.

[0005] Further, the diameters of the incoming flow channel, the main flow channel, and the outflow channel are the same, so that the inertial particle separator and the array of vortex tubes are combined front and back to form a direct-current separation and dust removal device.

[0006] Further, the guide vane is composed of a guide cone and spiral blades fixed on the guide cone and developed in a spiral shape. The number of the spiral blades is 3-6. The front end and the rear end of the guide cone are hemispheres. The circumferential angle of the spiral blades is 180°.

[0007] Further, the inner wall of the cylindrical tube is provided with a low-rebound material in the interval from the lower part of the guide vane to the upper part of the outlet tube. The low-rebound material can inhibit the large movement inertia of the large-particle-size particles contained in the dust-containing air flow, so that after colliding with the inner wall of the cylindrical tube, they cannot bounce back into the outlet tube along with the tube wall and return to the cleaning channel through the outlet tube (the low-rebound material can inhibit the violent rebound caused by the collision of the large-particle-size particles contained in the dust-containing air flow with the inner wall of the cylindrical tube. A large degree of rebound will cause the particles to escape from the wall surface of the cylinder and re-enter the outlet tube, and return to the cleaning channel through the outlet tube, reducing the separation efficiency).

[0008] Further, the diameter of the outlet tube is 1 / 2-1 / 5 of the diameter of the cylindrical tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the cylindrical tube, the deflector, and the outlet tube in the vortex tube are all made of low-rebound and low-density materials to inhibit large-sized particles from rebounding back into the clean flow channel on the vortex tube wall, while reducing the weight of the separator. The cylindrical tube and the outlet tube are directly opposite to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixed panel includes a front-end fixed panel and a rear-end fixed panel. A number of fixing holes are provided on the front-end fixed panel and the rear-end fixed panel, and the fixing holes correspond to the vortex tubes one by one. The front-end fixed panel is used to fix the cylindrical tube, and the rear-end fixed panel is used to fix the outlet tube. The cylindrical tube and the outlet tube maintain their relative positions through the fixed panel without being directly connected.

[0011] Furthermore, the vortex tubes arranged in an array are vortex tubes arranged in a honeycomb pattern to provide a larger intake area for the vortex tubes.

[0012] Furthermore, connection flanges are provided at the inlet end of the inertial particle separator and the outlet end of the array of vortex tubes for connecting the direct-flow two-stage separation and dust removal device to the air extraction fan and the support device.

[0013] Furthermore, the particle size range is 5 - 500 microns.

[0014] Principle of the invention: The working principle of the inertial particle separator of the present invention is as follows: Through the sharp bend of the flow channel, large-sized particles with a large motion inertia maintain their original motion state, collide with the upper shell, and then flow out through the cleaning channel to achieve the separation effect; The working principle of the vortex tube is as follows: Through the guiding action of the spiral blades, the fluid makes a swirling motion. Under the action of centrifugal force, particles with a large motion inertia gradually move towards the wall surface of the cylinder. After the particles reach the wall surface, they lose their original speed and move along the wall surface towards the dust discharge channel and are separated.

[0015] Advantageous effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable advantages:

[0016] (1) In the present invention, through the fluid bend between the central body and the shell in the inertial particle separator, large-sized particles with poor airflow followability are separated from the dust-containing airflow under the action of inertial force. The airflow outlet of the inertial particle separator is connected to the intake channel of the array of vortex tubes through the main flow channel. The small-sized particles can be separated in the vortex tube by the centrifugal force generated by the guiding blades. By coating the inner wall surface of the vortex tube with a low-rebound material, large-sized particles are inhibited from rebounding back into the clean airflow after reaching the wall surface, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency of the vortex tube;

[0017] (2) The present invention separates particulate matter in the dusty airflow twice and coats the inner wall of the vortex tube with a low-rebound material to inhibit particle backmixing, making up for the problems of low dust removal efficiency of inertial particle separators for small-sized particles and array-type vortex tubes for large-sized particles. Compared with the existing ventilation dust removal technology, it is flexibly installed, applicable to higher wind speeds, and can separate and remove dust for particles with a wider range of particle sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a direct-current two-stage separation and dust removal device of the present invention for a wide range of particle sizes;

[0019] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic axial half-section and working principle diagram of the inertial particle separator of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic axial half-section diagram of the array-type vortex tube of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic axial half-section diagram of the vortex tube of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the flow deflector of the present invention;

[0023] In the figure: 1, incoming flow channel; 2, inertial particle separator; 21, housing; 22, central body; 23, diverter; 24, cleaning flow channel; 3, main flow channel; 4, array-type vortex tube; 41, fixed panel; 411, front-end fixed panel; 412, rear-end fixed panel; 42, vortex tube; 421, cylindrical tube; 422, flow deflector; 4221, spiral blade; 4222, flow guiding cone; 423, low-rebound material; 424, outlet pipe; 5, outgoing flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a direct-current two-stage separation and dust removal device provided by the present invention includes an inertial particle separator 2 and an array-type vortex tube 4. The inertial particle separator 2 includes a housing 21, a central body 22 and a diverter 23. The array-type vortex tube 4 includes a fixed panel 41, a plurality of vortex tubes 42 arranged in a honeycomb pattern, a cylinder body 43 and a dust discharge port 44. The inner wall of the diverter 23 and the cylinder body 43 of the array-type vortex tube 4 are integrally formed. The inertial particle separator 2 and the array-type vortex tube 4 are coaxial. Connecting flanges are provided at the inlet end of the inertial particle separator 2 and the outlet end of the array-type vortex tube 4 for connecting the direct-current two-stage separation and dust removal device to an air extraction fan and a support device.

[0026] As shown in Figure 2 the axial half-sectional schematic view of the inertial particle separator 2, the housing 21 is divided into a receiving section and a separating section. The receiving section is straight cylindrical, and the inside thereof is the incoming flow channel 1. The separating section is arc-shaped. The central body 22 is disposed inside the separating section. The central body 22 is divided into a high-rebound part and a drainage part. The diverter 23 is disposed around the drainage part of the central body 22. A scavenging channel 24 is formed between the diverter 23 and the housing 21. A main flow channel 3 is formed between the drainage part of the central body 22 and the diverter 23; the central body 22 and the inertial particle separator 2 are coaxial.

[0027] As shown in Figure 3 the axial half-sectional schematic view of the array vortex tube 4 and Figure 4 the axial half-sectional schematic view of the vortex tube 42, the fixing panel 41 is used to fix the vortex tube 42 inside the cylinder 43. The length of the cylinder 43 is greater than the length of the vortex tube 42. The flow guide 422 is disposed inside the cylindrical tube 421. The length of the flow guide 422 is less than the length of the cylindrical tube 421. The outlet pipe 424 is disposed at the outlet end of the cylindrical tube 421. The diameter of the outlet pipe 424 is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical tube 421. The diameter of the outlet pipe 424 is 1 / 2 - 1 / 5 of the diameter of the cylindrical tube 421. Both the cylindrical tube 421 and the outlet pipe 424 are made of low-rebound and low-density materials. The outlet pipe 424 and the cylindrical tube 421 are coaxial. The inner wall of the cylindrical tube 421 is provided with a low-rebound material 423 in the interval from the lower part of the flow guide 422 to the upper part of the outlet pipe 424. The dust discharge port 44 is disposed at the position of the cylinder 43 relative to the outlet pipe 424. An outflow channel 5 is formed between the outlet end of the vortex tube 42 and the cylinder 43; the fixing panel 41 includes a front fixing panel 411 and a rear fixing panel 412. A plurality of fixing holes are provided on the front fixing panel 411 and the rear fixing panel 412, and the fixing holes correspond to the vortex tubes 42 one by one.

[0028] As shown in Figure 5 shown, the flow guide 422 is composed of a flow guide cone 4222 and spiral vanes 4221 fixed on the flow guide cone 4222 and distributed in a spiral shape. The number of the spiral vanes 4221 is 3 - 6. The front end and the rear end of the flow guide cone 4222 are hemispheres. The circumferential angle of the spiral vanes 4221 is 180°.

[0029] The central body 22 and the flow guide cone 4222 in the present invention can be composed of a solid body or a hollow body. In order to reduce the weight of the device, it is preferred that the inside of the central body 22 and the flow guide cone 4222 is a hollow body.

[0030] The usage method of the direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device of the present invention is as follows: First, the direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device is fixed on the air extraction fan and the support device through the connecting flange. The air extraction fan introduces the dust-containing air flow into the incoming flow channel 1. The air flow enters the inertial particle separator 2 through the incoming flow channel 1, and then turns in the flow channel after passing through the central body 22. Among them, the solid-phase particles with larger particle sizes have greater motion inertia and poor fluid following ability, and fail to enter the clean flow channel from the bend. Instead, they maintain their original motion state, collide with the upper shell and then turn into the cleaning flow channel 24 and are collected, completing the first separation. Another part of the clean air flow, carrying a part of the small-particle-size particles that are not separated due to their small motion inertia, passes through the diversion of the central body 22 and turns to the main flow channel 3, and then enters the array-type vortex tube 4 and flows into each vortex tube 42. Under the action of the guide vane 422 and the spiral blade 4221 of the vortex tube 42, a swirling flow is generated, and a swirling motion is made in the cylindrical tube 421. Under the action of the centrifugal force, the solid-phase particles collide with the inner wall surface of the cylindrical tube 421, lose their original speed, and are separated along the wall surface, and then are collected through the dust discharge port 44, completing the secondary separation. The cleaned air flow flows out through the outlet pipe 424.

Claims

1. A direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device for a wide particle size range, characterized in that, It includes an inertial particle separator (2) and an array of vortex tubes (4). The inertial particle separator (2) includes a housing (21), a central body (22) and a diverter (23). The housing (21) is divided into a receiving section and a separating section. The receiving section is straight cylindrical, and the inside thereof is an incoming flow channel (1). The separating section is arc-shaped. The central body (22) is disposed inside the separating section. The central body (22) is divided into a high-rebound part and a diversion part. The diverter (23) is disposed around the diversion part of the central body (22). A cleaning flow channel (24) is formed between the diverter (23) and the housing (21). A main flow channel (3) is formed between the diversion part of the central body (22) and the diverter (23). The central body (22) and the inertial particle separator (2) are coaxial. The array of vortex tubes (4) includes a fixed panel (41), a number of vortex tubes (42) arranged in an array, a cylinder (43) and a dust discharge port (44). The fixed panel (41) is used to fix the vortex tubes (42) inside the cylinder (43). The length of the cylinder (43) is greater than the length of the vortex tubes (42). The vortex tube (42) includes a cylindrical tube (421), a flow guide (422) and an outlet tube (424). The flow guide (422) is disposed inside the cylindrical tube (421). The length of the flow guide (422) is less than the length of the cylindrical tube (421). The outlet tube (424) is disposed at the outlet end of the cylindrical tube (421). The diameter of the outlet tube (424) is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical tube (421). The outlet tube (424) and the cylindrical tube (421) are coaxial. The dust discharge port (44) is disposed at the position of the cylinder (43) relative to the outlet tube (424). An outflow channel (5) is formed between the outlet end of the vortex tube (42) and the cylinder (43). The inner wall of the diverter (23) and the cylinder (43) of the array of vortex tubes (4) are integrally formed. The inertial particle separator (2) and the array of vortex tubes (4) are coaxial.

2. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incoming flow channel (1), the main flow channel (3) and the outflow channel (5) have the same diameter.

3. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide (422) is composed of a flow guide cone (4222) and spiral blades (4221) fixed on the flow guide cone (4222) and developing in a spiral shape. The number of the spiral blades (4221) is 3 - 6.

4. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device according to claim 3, wherein, The front end and the rear end of the flow guide cone (4222) are hemispheres. The circumferential angle of the spiral blades (4221) is 90 - 360°.

5. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device according to claim 1, wherein, The inner wall of the cylindrical tube (421) is provided with a low-rebound material (423) in the interval from the lower part of the flow guide (422) to the upper part of the outlet tube (424).

6. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the outlet tube (424) is 1 / 2 - 1 / 5 of the diameter of the cylindrical tube (421).

7. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device according to claim 1, wherein, The cylindrical tube (421), the flow guide (422) and the outlet tube (424) in the vortex tube (42) are all made of low-rebound and low-density materials.

8. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed panel (41) includes a front-end fixed panel (411) and a rear-end fixed panel (412). A number of fixed hole positions are provided on the front-end fixed panel (411) and the rear-end fixed panel (412), and the fixed hole positions correspond one-to-one to the vortex tubes (42).

9. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vortex tubes arranged in an array are vortex tubes arranged in a honeycomb pattern.

10. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Connecting flanges are provided at the inlet end of the inertial particle separator (2) and the outlet end of the array of vortex tubes (4) for connecting the DC two-stage separation dust removal device to an air extraction fan and a support device.

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