A pick structure and preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pick structure and preparation method, the pick includes an alloy head, a tooth head, and a shank, the alloy head is arranged in the tooth head, and a gasket, an anti-exit block, and a locking plug are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the alloy head; a clamping ring groove is arranged inside the tooth head, and an internal tensioning C-ring is clamped in the clamping ring groove; a locking bolt is connected to the anti-exit block, and the shank is fixed to the tooth head by a locking bolt, and a closed structure is provided at one end of the locking bolt. The tooth head and the shank of the present invention are processed independently, and the tooth head is heat-treated before the alloy is inlaid, so as to avoid the alloy head and the tooth body being heat-treated together, effectively solving the problem of the shank and the tooth head falling off, enhancing the bonding strength between the tooth-protecting alloy bean and the tooth body, improving the retention capacity of the tooth-protecting alloy bean, extending the retention time, making the tooth protection more effective for a long time, and improving the service life of the pick.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration and coal mining, and in particular to a pick structure and a preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Carbide picks and diamond composite picks (including coal picks, rotary cutting teeth, tunneling teeth, etc.) are widely used excavation tools in the current mining industry, geological and petroleum industry, infrastructure pile foundation industry, tunneling, roadway excavation, and highway maintenance and milling. Since picks are needed for construction on hard rock on the ground, the working conditions of rock construction are very harsh, which places high demands on the manufacturing technology of picks. The pick head and shank on the market are of an integral structure. When the product is heat treated, it is generally subjected to an overall quenching heat treatment and then back-processing. The pick alloy and the tooth body are mostly connected by brazing process, which does not ensure that the solder is fully melted and the brazing temperature needs to be above 800℃; the pick body is an integral forging structure, and the stress is concentrated at the transition arc, which has a high risk of fracture. In addition, when the integral structure alloy is brazed with the tooth body, the brazing quality fluctuates greatly due to the alloy tolerance, mounting hole tolerance, and solder tolerance, which makes the pick easy to lose alloy during use; when the alloy is brazed with the tooth body, the thermal expansion coefficients of the tooth body material and the alloy material are inconsistent, and internal stress will exist after welding, affecting the strength of the pick; after the alloy is brazed with the tooth body, it will be quenched together with the tooth body, and the quenching process will affect the strength of the alloy; at the same time, the pick head and the shank are integral and need to be heat treated together, and the pick requires the tooth head to be wear-resistant and have high hardness in actual use to increase the service life; the shank has high toughness and fatigue strength requirements to prevent the shank from breaking. It is difficult to achieve both requirements with existing technology. In actual use, the tooth head is not wear-resistant or the handle is easily broken, which reduces the service life of the rotary excavator teeth. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, a pick structure and a method of making the same are provided.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A pick structure, the pick includes an alloy head, a tooth head, and a tooth shank, the alloy head is arranged inside the tooth head, and a gasket, an anti-exit block, and a locking plug are arranged in sequence at the bottom of the alloy head; a clamping ring groove is arranged inside the tooth head, and the internal tensioning C-ring is clamped in the clamping ring groove; the locking bolt is connected to the anti-exit block, and the tooth shank is fixed to the tooth head by the locking bolt, and a closing structure is provided at one end of the locking bolt.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the alloy head and the tooth head are connected by an inlay connection.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the alloy head and the tooth head are interference fit.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the anti-exit block is connected to the inner tensioning C-ring.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the anti-exit block is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is provided with threads.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the locking bolt passes through the hollow structure of the shank and is connected to the anti-exit block.

[0011] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a pick structure, the process comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Prepare the tooth head. Select wear-resistant materials for the tooth head, perform heat preservation treatment after forging or extrusion molding, and then perform rough processing. Then, heat treat the tooth head separately to achieve the designed wear resistance strength requirements, and then fine-process the tooth head to meet the assembly size requirements;

[0013] Step 2: Use a press to press the alloy head into the tooth head, and the alloy head and the tooth body are interference fit;

[0014] Step 3: Place gaskets, anti-exit blocks, and lock the plugs on the gear body in sequence;

[0015] Step 4: Use a press to press the inner tensioning C-ring into the clamping ring groove in the direction shown in the figure;

[0016] Step 5: Prepare the shank. Select materials with good toughness, perform forging or extrusion insulation treatment, and then perform rough processing. Heat treat the shank according to design requirements to achieve high toughness and high fatigue strength. Fine-process the heat-treated shank to further improve its fatigue strength.

[0017] Step 6: Use a press to press the independent tooth shank into the tooth head in the direction shown in the figure;

[0018] Step 7. Install high-strength bolts to prevent the shank from falling off and the plug from loosening. Use welding, bonding, etc. to fix the high-strength bolts to prevent them from loosening and falling off.

[0019] The present invention overturns the traditional brazing process used to combine the pick alloy and the tooth body, and combines the cold inlay method with the tooth body to solve the problems of internal stress and alloy shedding after alloy brazing; the tooth head and the tooth shank are processed independently, and the tooth head is heat treated before the alloy is inlaid to avoid the alloy head and the tooth body being heat treated together, which affects the strength of the alloy head, while meeting the high wear resistance of the tooth head and the high toughness and high fatigue resistance of the tooth shank; it effectively solves the problem of shedding between the tooth shank and the tooth head, and compared with the brazing of the prior art, the cold interference pressing makes the connection more firm, improves the retention capacity of the main alloy, prolongs the retention time, prolongs the effective cutting time of the main alloy, and prolongs the life of the pick; enhances the bonding strength between the tooth guarding alloy bean and the tooth body, improves the retention capacity of the tooth guarding alloy bean, prolongs the retention time, makes the tooth guarding more effective for a long time, and prolongs the service life of the pick. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the patent of this invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1 alloy head, 2 tooth head, 21 clamping ring groove, 3 tooth shank, 4 gasket, 5 anti-exit block, 6 locking plug, 7 inner tensioning C-ring, 8 locking bolt, 9 closing structure, 10 alloy bean. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0023] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations. The drawings in the embodiments clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] according to Figure 1As shown, a pick structure, the pick includes an alloy head, a tooth head, and a tooth shank, and an alloy bean is arranged on the side of the tooth head; the alloy head is arranged in the tooth head, and the alloy head is in an inverted cone shape, which is used for cutting rocks, ores, etc., and the alloy head and the tooth head have an interference fit; a gasket, an anti-exit block, and a locking plug are arranged in sequence at the bottom of the alloy head, and the locking plug is pressed against the alloy head to eliminate the gap caused by the manufacturing tolerance of the parts. The function of the gasket is that the gasket should press against the alloy head to increase the force-bearing area of ​​the bottom of the alloy head, and the heat generated when the alloy head is in use is conducted through the gasket; a clamping ring groove is arranged inside the tooth head, and the inner tensioning C-ring is clamped in the clamping ring groove. The anti-exit block is a hollow structure, and a thread is arranged in the hollow structure. The anti-exit block is connected to the inner tensioning C-ring, and the inner tensioning C-ring can be permanently locked to prevent exit toward the shank. The anti-exit block is used in conjunction with the inner tensioning C-ring to achieve the purpose of permanently locking the shank. The shank and the tooth head are interference fit, and the shank is fixed to the tooth head by a locking bolt. The locking bolt passes through the hollow structure of the shank and is connected to the anti-exit block. The purpose of the locking bolt is to prevent the shank from falling off and prevent the plug from loosening. A closing structure is provided at one end of the locking bolt, and the closing structure is a closing block. The locking bolt is closed in the hollow structure of the shank by welding, bonding, etc., to ensure the firmness of the connection between the shank and the tooth head.

[0026] The preparation process includes the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Prepare the tooth head. Select wear-resistant materials for the tooth head, perform heat preservation treatment after forging or extrusion molding, and then perform rough processing. Then, heat treat the tooth head separately to achieve the designed wear resistance strength requirements, and then fine-process the tooth head to meet the assembly size requirements.

[0028] Step 2: Use a press (pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical, etc.) to press the alloy head into the tooth head, and the alloy head and the tooth body are interference fit.

[0029] Step 3: Place gaskets on the tooth body in sequence, prevent the back-out block, and lock the plug.

[0030] Step 4: Use a press (pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical, etc.) to press the inner tensioning C-ring into the clamping ring groove in the direction shown in the figure.

[0031] Step 5: Prepare the shank. Select materials with good toughness, perform forging or extrusion insulation treatment, and then perform rough processing. Heat treat the shank according to design requirements to achieve high toughness and high fatigue strength. Perform fine processing (including fine turning, fine grinding, rolling, surface hardening, etc.) on the heat-treated shank to further improve the fatigue strength of the shank.

[0032] Step 6: Use a press (pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical, etc.) to press the independent tooth shank into the tooth head in the direction shown in the figure.

[0033] Step 7. Install high-strength bolts to prevent the shank from falling off and the plug from loosening. Use welding, bonding, etc. to fix the high-strength bolts to prevent them from loosening and falling off.

[0034] The press can be an oil press, a pneumatic press, a mechanical press, or a riveting press.

[0035] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A pick structure, characterized in that: The cutting tooth includes an alloy head, a tooth head, and a tooth shank. The alloy head is arranged in the tooth head, and a gasket, an anti-exit block, and a locking plug are arranged in sequence at the bottom of the alloy head; a clamping ring groove is arranged inside the tooth head, and the inner tensioning C-ring is clamped in the clamping ring groove; the locking bolt is connected to the anti-exit block, and the tooth shank is fixed to the tooth head by the locking bolt, and a closed structure is provided at one end of the locking bolt; the anti-exit block is connected to the inner tensioning C-ring; the anti-exit block is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is provided with a thread; the locking bolt passes through the hollow structure of the tooth shank and is connected to the anti-exit block.

2. A pick structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alloy head and the tooth head are connected in an inlay manner.

3. A pick structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The alloy head is interference fit with the tooth head.

4. A method for preparing the pick structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Prepare the tooth head. Select wear-resistant materials for the tooth head, perform heat preservation treatment after forging or extrusion molding, and then perform rough processing. Then, heat treat the tooth head separately to achieve the designed wear resistance strength requirements, and then fine-process the tooth head to meet the assembly size requirements; Step 2: Use a press to press the alloy head into the tooth head, and the alloy head and the tooth body are interference fit; Step 3: Place gaskets, anti-exit blocks, and lock the plugs on the gear body in sequence; Step 4: Use a press to press the inner tensioning C-ring into the clamping ring groove; Step 5: Prepare the shank. Select materials with good toughness, perform forging or extrusion insulation treatment, and then perform rough processing. Heat treat the shank according to design requirements to achieve high toughness and high fatigue strength. Fine-process the heat-treated shank to further improve its fatigue strength. Step 6: Use a press to press the independent tooth shank into the tooth head; Step 7. Install high-strength bolts to prevent the shank from falling off and the plug from loosening. Use welding or bonding to fix the high-strength bolts to prevent them from loosening and falling off.

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