Battery heat dissipation baffle and battery module

Abstract

The application provides a battery heat dissipation partition plate and a battery module. The battery heat dissipation partition plate comprises a first plate, a second plate and a third plate. The first plate and the second plate are arranged in parallel. A plurality of third plates are arranged between the first plate and the second plate. A plurality of through holes are formed in the first plate and the second plate to form a plurality of longitudinal plate bodies and a plurality of transverse plate bodies. The third plate is arranged in the longitudinal plate body or the transverse plate body, and the arrangement density of the third plate gradually increases from the center line of the longitudinal plate body or the transverse plate body to the end of the longitudinal plate body or the transverse plate body, and longitudinal flow channels and transverse flow channels are formed. When the battery expands, the third plate can be compressed to absorb the expansion amount of the battery, so that the battery can be effectively prevented from being squeezed and broken. In addition, the battery heat dissipation partition plate can also adapt to the breathing effect of the battery by the third plate, the battery module can be prevented from being transformed between being tightened and being loosened, and the stability of the battery module is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power battery technology, and in particular to a battery heat dissipation separator and a battery module. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy sources, electric vehicle-related technologies are rapidly advancing, and lithium batteries used to power electric vehicles are also diversifying. Currently, the mainstream lithium battery systems include ternary lithium, lithium iron phosphate, and lithium titanate, while their shapes include aluminum-plastic film pouch, steel-cased cylindrical, and square aluminum-cased designs. To maintain optimal operating conditions, lithium batteries require a series of heat dissipation and fire prevention measures. In battery modules, separators are placed between batteries for buffering and heat dissipation.

[0003] The existing utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN217485524U discloses a duct plate for lithium batteries, including a duct plate body. The duct plate body has multiple heat dissipation duct cavities inside. The inner wall of the duct cavity has multiple heat dissipation teeth, and the heat dissipation teeth are the same length as the duct cavity and extend to both ends of the duct cavity.

[0004] In the above technical solution, the air duct plate body is made of aluminum alloy, but it is only suitable for one side of the battery. Using it as a battery heat dissipation partition poses certain risks.

[0005] Firstly, as batteries age, they gradually expand. The aforementioned air duct structure lacks elasticity, which creates significant resistance to battery expansion, potentially causing batteries to rupture due to mutual compression or the explosion-proof valve to open accidentally, resulting in leakage. Furthermore, the aforementioned air duct uses the air duct body itself to conduct heat first and then dissipate heat, which results in low heat dissipation efficiency.

[0006] Secondly, during the charging and discharging process, the battery exhibits a "breathing effect," meaning its thickness changes. Battery modules are typically composed of several batteries arranged side-by-side, resulting in significant variations in the overall module thickness. This further increases the risk of battery crushing and accidental opening of the explosion-proof valve. Simultaneously, since battery modules are often bound with steel straps, which lack elasticity, and the aforementioned air duct plates also lack elasticity, they cannot adapt to the battery's breathing effect. This causes the battery module to fluctuate between tightness and looseness, affecting its stability and consequently its safety. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention proposes a battery heat dissipation separator and a battery module, which can effectively adapt to the expansion and breathing effect of the battery, thereby avoiding battery rupture and leakage, and improving the safety of the battery module.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0009] On one hand, the present invention provides a battery heat dissipation separator, comprising a first plate, a second plate, and a third plate, wherein,

[0010] The first and second sections are set up in parallel, and multiple third sections are set up between the first and second sections;

[0011] Multiple through holes are provided on both the first and second plates to form multiple longitudinal plates and multiple transverse plates;

[0012] The third section, with the center line of the longitudinal or transverse plate as the reference, gradually increases in density towards the ends of the longitudinal or transverse plate, forming longitudinal and transverse flow channels.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, both the longitudinal plate and the transverse plate are elongated strip structures, and the third plate is angular in shape. The corners of the third plate in the longitudinal plate all face the center line of the longitudinal plate, and the corners of the third plate in the transverse plate all face the center line of the transverse plate.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions, the preferred option is that the thickness of the third plate gradually decreases from the center line.

[0015] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, it also includes a reinforcing plate. The battery heat dissipation partition has a rectangular structure as a whole, and reinforcing plates are provided at the intersection of the longitudinal plate end and the transverse plate end, as well as at the intersection of the transverse plate end and the longitudinal plate end.

[0016] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the reinforcing plate is a flat plate, and the reinforcing plate is perpendicular to the first plate and the second plate.

[0017] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, slots are provided at the intersection of the longitudinal plate and the transverse plate.

[0018] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, it also includes an elastic element, which is disposed in the slot and is used to apply a force that separates the first plate and the second plate.

[0019] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the elastic element includes a baffle and a spring, wherein,

[0020] The baffle plate connects to the second panel.

[0021] The spring has one end abutting against the baffle and the other end abutting against the first plate.

[0022] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the slots are filled with fire extinguishing material.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention provides a battery module including a plurality of batteries arranged in parallel, and also including the aforementioned battery heat dissipation partition, which is disposed between two adjacent batteries.

[0024] The battery heat dissipation separator and battery module of the present invention have the following advantages over the prior art:

[0025] (1) When the battery expands, the third plate of the battery heat dissipation plate can be compressed to absorb the battery expansion, thereby effectively preventing the battery from being squeezed and cracked. In addition, the battery heat dissipation plate can also adapt to the battery breathing effect by relying on the third plate, avoiding the battery module from changing between tightness and looseness, thereby effectively improving the stability of the battery module.

[0026] (2) The center line of the longitudinal or transverse plate of the third plate is used as a reference, and the density of the plate gradually increases towards the end of the longitudinal or transverse plate. This allows the heat dissipation plate of the battery to better adapt to the expansion shape of the battery module, further improving the safety of the battery. The longitudinal and transverse flow channels formed can better ventilate and dissipate heat from the battery. The first and second plates are provided with through holes, which allows the heat dissipation airflow to directly contact the battery, further improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery.

[0027] (3) A slot is provided at the intersection of the longitudinal plate and the transverse plate. An elastic element can be installed in the slot so that the battery heat dissipation plate can be reset better when dealing with the battery breathing effect, which is conducive to the battery heat dissipation plate being tightly attached to the battery. In addition, the structure also forms a through hole, which is conducive to the airflow carrying away the heat on the battery surface and also conducive to improving the energy density of the battery module.

[0028] (4) Fire extinguishing materials can also be installed in the slot. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery, the fire extinguishing materials can cool down and extinguish the contents ejected from the battery to prevent the spread of thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the battery heat dissipation separator of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Structure diagram of point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery heat dissipation separator structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a top view of the battery heat dissipation separator of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the elastic element of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the third section of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a layout diagram of the third section of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the battery module of the present invention;

[0038] In the figure: longitudinal plate 1, transverse plate 2, first plate a1, second plate a2, third plate a3, through hole a4, longitudinal flow channel 101, transverse flow channel 201, reinforcing plate 3, elastic element 4, baffle 41, spring 42, battery 5, cable tie 6, slot 0, battery heat dissipation partition S, center line CL. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the battery heat dissipation separator S of the present invention includes a longitudinal plate 1, a transverse plate 2, a reinforcing plate 3, and an elastic member 4. The battery module of the present invention includes the battery heat dissipation separator S, a battery 5, and cable ties 6.

[0041] The battery heat dissipation partition S is used to separate batteries 5 and serves to dissipate heat and provide buffering. The battery heat dissipation partition S and batteries 5 are tied together and fixed by cable ties 6 to form a battery module.

[0042] The battery heat dissipation separator S includes a first plate a1, a second plate a2, and a third plate a3. The first plate a1 and the second plate a2 are arranged in parallel. The third plate a3 has multiple sections between the first plate a1 and the second plate a2, forming longitudinal flow channels 101 and transverse flow channels 201. The first plate a1 and the second plate a2 each have multiple through holes a4 to form multiple longitudinal plates 1 and multiple transverse plates 2. With the above structure, after the battery heat dissipation separator S is installed in the battery module, it is attached to two adjacent batteries 5 with the first plate a1 and the second plate a2. In this way, when the battery 5 expands or when the thickness of the battery 5 changes due to the breathing effect, the third plate a3 can be compressed. The third plate a3 can absorb the expansion of the battery 5 by elastic deformation, thereby preventing the batteries 5 from being squeezed and broken.

[0043] Specifically, the longitudinal plate 1 and the transverse plate 2 are arranged perpendicularly and staggered. As described above, the staggered arrangement of the longitudinal plate 1 and the transverse plate 2 forms several through holes a4 on the battery heat dissipation separator S. This facilitates airflow directly onto the surface of the battery 5 during air cooling of the battery heat dissipation separator S, and allows air to circulate through the longitudinal flow channel 101 and the transverse flow channel 201, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. At the same time, the through holes a4 reduce the overall weight of the battery heat dissipation separator S, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of this battery module.

[0044] To optimize the structure of the battery heat dissipation separator S and better adapt it to the expansion of the battery 5, the third plate a3 in the battery heat dissipation separator S has a gradually increasing density towards the end of the longitudinal plate 1 or the transverse plate 2, with the center line CL as the reference. As described above, the density of the third plate a3 in the battery heat dissipation separator S decreases as it approaches the center point. This is because the expansion deformation is most pronounced in the middle of the large surface area of ​​the battery 5 during expansion. The middle of the large surface area of ​​the battery 5 corresponds to the center of the battery heat dissipation separator S. The gradually increasing density of the third plate a3 makes the middle of the battery heat dissipation separator S easier to compress, thus facilitating the expansion of the large surface area of ​​the battery 5 and preventing excessive expansion resistance, which could lead to breakage due to obstructed expansion. Simultaneously, the higher density of the third plate a3 around the periphery of the battery heat dissipation separator S not only adapts well to the expansion shape of the battery 5 but also improves the overall structural stability of the battery heat dissipation separator S, preventing deformation.

[0045] Specifically, the spacing of the third plates a3 is adaptively adjusted. As the third plates a3 gradually move away from the center line CL, the spacing between them gradually decreases. Taking five third plates a3 on one side of the center line CL as an example, the spacing between the third plates a3 closest to the center line CL and the third plates a3 furthest from the center line CL is 10mm, 9mm, 8mm, and 7mm, respectively. This structural design allows the battery heat dissipation separator S to have better deformation performance, so as to fully match the expansion shape of the battery S.

[0046] Furthermore, the battery heat dissipation separator S has an overall rectangular structure, and reinforcing plates 3 are provided at the intersections of the ends of the longitudinal plate 1 and the transverse plate 2, as well as at the intersections of the ends of the transverse plate 2 and the longitudinal plate 1. As described above, the intersections of the ends of the longitudinal plate 1 and the transverse plate 2 are actually located at the edges of the battery heat dissipation separator S. The reinforcing plates 3 at these intersections help to better ensure the stability of the shape of the battery heat dissipation separator S, thus preventing deformation of the overall frame of the battery heat dissipation separator S.

[0047] Specifically, the reinforcing plate 3 is a flat plate, and it is perpendicular to the first plate a1 and the second plate a2. This structure allows the reinforcing plate 3 to better support the first plate a1 and the second plate a2, ensuring that the battery heat dissipation separator S does not deform. In some cases, the reinforcing plate 3 can be replaced by a block structure.

[0048] The battery heat dissipation partition S with the above structure also forms a longitudinal flow channel 101 and a transverse flow channel 201, which makes the battery heat dissipation partition have better ventilation performance and can improve heat dissipation efficiency. At the same time, when the contents of the battery 5 are ejected due to thermal runaway, the contents diffuse onto the battery heat dissipation partition S and can be quickly discharged through the longitudinal flow channel 101 and the transverse flow channel 201. The contents are mainly a large amount of gas and some liquid, which can prevent the accumulation of high-temperature liquid contents from affecting the adjacent battery 5.

[0049] Furthermore, both the longitudinal plate 1 and the transverse plate 2 are elongated structures, while the third plate a3 is angular. The corners of the third plate a3 in the longitudinal plate 1 all face the center line CL of the longitudinal plate 1, and the corners of the third plate a3 in the transverse plate 2 all face the center line CL of the transverse plate 2. As described above, the third plate a3 on a longitudinal plate 1 or transverse plate 2 is actually positioned with its center line CL as a reference, with the corners of the two third plates a3 facing each other. This helps to further improve the structural stability of the battery heat dissipation separator S. Simultaneously, the expansion of the battery 5 is a curved change, which also helps the battery heat dissipation separator S better adapt to the battery expansion changes.

[0050] Since the longitudinal plate 1 and the transverse plate 2 are perpendicularly intersecting, an intersection point is inevitably generated. As a processing blind spot, the intersection point cannot be set with a third plate a3, which makes the intersection point a solid structure, which will affect the expansion of the battery 5. Therefore, the heat dissipation plate S of this battery can be manufactured by injection molding process, and a slot 0 is left at the intersection point of the longitudinal plate and the transverse plate 2.

[0051] Battery heat dissipation separators (S) are typically injection molded using modified ABS, ABS+PC, or nylon+glass fiber. Their elasticity is actually limited, and their bending and compressive strengths are poor. Therefore, the specific layout structure of the third plate (a3) ​​can be further adjusted. The thickness of the third plate (a3) ​​gradually decreases from the centerline (CL) towards the center.

[0052] Specifically, on a single longitudinal plate 1 or a single transverse plate 2, using its center line CL as a reference, the third plate a3 closest to the center line CL on both sides is made the thinnest, for example, the thickness of this third plate a3 is set to 0.8mm. The thickness of the other third plates a3 gradually increases as they move further away from the center line CL, for example, by 0.1mm. Thus, taking five third plates a3 on one side of the center line CL as an example, the thicknesses from the third plate a3 closest to the center line CL to the third plate a3 furthest from the center line CL would be 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, and 1.2mm, respectively.

[0053] As described above, after adjusting the shape of the third plate a3, the third plate a3 near the center line CL will be thinner. Under the influence of factors such as bumps and large temperature differences in the battery's operating environment, the thinner third plate a3 will have problems such as poor elasticity and delayed reset, and will not be able to adapt to the contraction caused by temperature changes and the breathing effect. This can be compensated by setting the first plate a1 or the second plate a2 as a solid plate and setting the third plate a3 to be the same width or length as the first plate a1, but this will affect the energy density of the battery film assembly and will also cause it to no longer adapt to the expansion changes of battery 5.

[0054] Therefore, in the structure of the battery heat dissipation separator S, the space left by the slot 0 can be fully utilized, and an elastic element 4 is provided in the slot 0 to apply a force that separates the first plate a1 and the second plate a2. As described above, the setting of the elastic element 4 can further improve the deformation capability of the battery heat dissipation separator S. When the battery expands and squeezes the first plate a1 and the second plate a2, the elastic element 4 applies a repulsive force opposite to the battery expansion to ensure that the first plate a1 and the second plate a2 can fully fit the battery 5, thereby preventing the battery module as a whole from becoming loose, so as to better adapt to the deformation of the battery 5.

[0055] Specifically, the elastic element 4 includes a baffle 41 and a spring 42. The baffle 41 is connected to the second plate a2; one end of the spring 42 abuts against the baffle 41, and the other end abuts against the first plate a1. As described above, the elastic element 4 relies on the spring 42 to provide elastic force. The first plate a1 supports one end of the spring 42, and the other end of the spring 42, relying on the baffle 41, transmits the elastic force to the second plate a2, thereby pushing the first plate a1 and the second plate a2 to separate and fully conform to the battery 5. This structure mainly makes full use of the rebound energy of the spring 42. Although it may introduce some resistance to battery expansion, in extreme environments such as low temperatures, the combination of the spring 42 and the thinner third plate a3 provides better reset performance and is more adaptable to the battery expansion requirements than using either a thicker or thinner third plate a3 alone.

[0056] In some embodiments, the elastic element 4 can be replaced with foamed silicone or PU foam. This offers advantages such as light weight and ease of installation.

[0057] In some embodiments, the slot 0 is filled with fire extinguishing material. Thus, when the battery 5 experiences thermal runaway and the temperature rises, the high temperature can cause the fire extinguishing material to decompose. After decomposition, the fire extinguishing material will diffuse into the gas, thereby isolating oxygen and other combustion-supporting gases to extinguish the fire. The fire extinguishing material can be a mixture of aerosol agent and fire extinguishing particle generator, which is in a solid state and can be bonded to the first plate a1. When heated, it decomposes and diffuses to extinguish the fire.

[0058] Specific implementation steps

[0059] Multiple battery heat dissipation partitions S and batteries 5 are arranged side-by-side with intervals between them, and then bundled together with cable ties 6 to form a battery module. When the battery 5 expands, it will compress the battery heat dissipation partition S. The first plate a1 and the second plate a2 of the battery heat dissipation partition S will compress the third plate a3 and the elastic element 4 to absorb the deformation of the battery 5. Since the battery heat dissipation partition S has longitudinal flow channels 101 and transverse flow channels 201, it has good ventilation and heat dissipation effect. Fire extinguishing material can be filled in the slots 0. The high-temperature contents ejected by the uncontrolled battery 5 can flow into the battery heat dissipation partition S and trigger the fire extinguishing material, which will then cool and extinguish the fire.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery heat dissipation separator, characterized in that: It includes the first section (a1), the second section (a2), and the third section (a3), among which, The first plate (a1) and the second plate (a2) are arranged in parallel, and multiple third plates (a3) ​​are arranged between the first plate (a1) and the second plate (a2); The first plate (a1) and the second plate (a2) are each provided with multiple through holes (a4) to form multiple longitudinal plates (1) and multiple transverse plates (2); The third plate (a3) ​​is based on the center line (CL) of the longitudinal plate (1) or the transverse plate (2), and the density of the arrangement gradually increases towards the end of the longitudinal plate (1) or the transverse plate (2), forming a longitudinal flow channel (101) and a transverse flow channel (201). The battery heat dissipation plate is manufactured by injection molding process, and slots (0) are provided at the intersection of the longitudinal plate (1) and the transverse plate (2); An elastic element (4) or fire extinguishing material is provided in the slot (0), and the elastic element (4) is used to apply a force that separates the first plate (a1) and the second plate (a2).

2. The battery heat dissipation separator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the longitudinal plate (1) and the transverse plate (2) are elongated structures, and the third plate (a3) ​​is angular. The corners of the third plate (a3) ​​in the longitudinal plate (1) are all oriented toward the center line (CL) of the longitudinal plate (1), and the corners of the third plate (a3) ​​in the transverse plate (2) are all oriented toward the center line (CL) of the transverse plate (2).

3. The battery heat dissipation separator as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the third plate (a3) ​​gradually decreases from the center line (CL) as it gets closer to the center line.

4. The battery heat dissipation separator as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a reinforcing plate (3). The battery heat dissipation partition has a rectangular structure as a whole, and the intersection of the end of the longitudinal plate (1) and the transverse plate (2) and the intersection of the end of the transverse plate (2) and the longitudinal plate (1) are provided with reinforcing plates (3).

5. The battery heat dissipation separator as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The reinforcing plate (3) is a flat plate, and the reinforcing plate (3) is perpendicular to the first plate (a1) and the second plate (a2).

6. The battery heat dissipation separator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element (4) includes a baffle (41) and a spring (42), wherein, The baffle (41) is connected to the second plate (a2); The spring (42) abuts against the baffle (41) at one end and against the first plate (a1) at the other end.

7. A battery module comprising a plurality of batteries (5) arranged in parallel, characterized in that: It also includes a battery heat dissipation partition as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the battery heat dissipation partition is disposed between two adjacent batteries (5).

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