A method and system for collecting data of Internet of Things in IPv6 environment

Abstract

The present invention relates to an Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition system in an IPv6 environment, comprising: an IoT data acquisition system server for registering and authenticating gateways and storing data collected by sensors; multiple sensor nodes, to which the types and quantities of sensors and controllers can be added in real time according to actual user needs, each sensor node having a specific, globally unique MAC address and a unique registration serial number; and sensor and controller modules connected to the sensor nodes for collecting sensor data and uploading the data via the sensor nodes. The present invention also discloses an IoT data acquisition method in an IPv6 environment. The acquisition system of the present invention utilizes the IPv6 protocol, and both the sensor nodes and the IoT data acquisition system server have globally unique IPv6 addresses. Therefore, the sensor nodes and the IoT data acquisition system server can communicate in real-time, bidirectional communication, without the need for NAT conversion, allowing staff to remotely debug or perform fault maintenance on the sensor nodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, and in particular to an Internet of Things data collection method and system under an IPv6 environment. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the depletion of IPv4 network address resources has severely hampered the application and development of the Internet. IPv6, designed as a next-generation IP protocol to replace IPv4, boasts the ability to give every grain of sand a web address. IPv6 will undoubtedly become a fundamental prerequisite for the development of the next-generation Internet. However, very few IoT devices and systems have been designed and developed for IPv6. Traditional IoT data collection systems typically consist of sensors, sensor nodes, sensor node gateways, and backend servers. Data typically flows from sensors collecting data, which then transmits it to sensor nodes. The sensor nodes then transmit the data to the sensor node gateway, which then transmits the data to the backend server. In previous IPv4 network environments, data transmission from the sensor node gateway to the backend server typically required NAT translation before the data could be sent to the server within the local area network. Therefore, system construction required the independent establishment of the data collection node gateway to the sensor's local area network and the backend server network, and NAT translation was also required. Consequently, direct two-way communication between the sensor nodes and the backend server was impossible. When problems arise in the local area network between the sensor node gateway and the sensor, due to its high complexity and difficulty, troubleshooting can only be done on-site by specialized technicians, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, the complex data transfer consumes more power in the system, placing significant energy demands on the independently powered nodes.

[0003] When building a traditional IoT data acquisition system, adding new sensor types or adding more sensors requires establishing connections between the sensors and sensor nodes, establishing communication between the sensor nodes and the sensor node gateway, and then adding the new device parameters from the backend server. This results in a very complex system architecture and network structure, making subsequent system upgrades and troubleshooting very difficult. Furthermore, data collected by traditional sensors must be forwarded locally through the gateway. This means that all sensor nodes must transmit the collected data to the gateway, which then forwards it to the backend server. This inevitably increases the latency of the data acquisition system, which in turn makes the system less sensitive to monitored environmental variables, potentially having a significant negative impact on some rare and environmentally sensitive plants and animals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortage of IPv4 addresses, NAT64 and tunnels have defects such as complex configuration, high latency, many dumb terminals, difficult node equipment maintenance and management, and high energy consumption. The primary purpose of the present invention is to provide an Internet of Things data collection method in an IPv6 environment that can not only conveniently and quickly add new sensor nodes remotely or perform fault maintenance and firmware upgrades, but also effectively reduce data latency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for collecting Internet of Things data in an IPv6 environment, the method comprising the following steps in order:

[0006] (1) Register the sensor node in the IoT data acquisition system server. During registration, write the globally unique IPv6 address, globally unique MAC address, and system-unique serial number of the IoT data acquisition system server into the lower computer of the sensor node. Then, enter the MAC address of the sensor node, the unique serial number assigned to the sensor node, and the attributes into the database of the IoT data acquisition system server.

[0007] (2) After the sensor node is placed at the monitoring point, powered on and connected to the IPv6 network, the lower computer immediately sends a communication connection authentication request message to the IoT data acquisition system server based on its own registration information and the globally unique IPv6 address, globally unique MAC address and system unique serial number entered in the IoT data acquisition system server during registration;

[0008] (3) After receiving the communication connection authentication request message sent by the sensor node, the IoT data acquisition system server extracts the MAC address and serial number of the sensor node in the request message and the MAC address and serial number of the IoT data acquisition system server, and then matches the extracted information in the database; after the matching verification is successful, the IoT data acquisition system server will send an authentication request response to the sensor node through the communication connection request; after the sensor node receives the authentication request response returned by the IoT data acquisition system server and confirms that the connection is successful, the sensor node will send the data collected by the downstream sensor to the IoT data acquisition system server; if the match in the database fails, the message will be discarded without response;

[0009] (4) After the Internet of Things data acquisition system server and the sensor node establish an IPv6 communication connection, the Internet of Things data acquisition system server changes the marking status of the MAC address and serial number of the sensor node with which the communication connection has been established from offline to online in the database;

[0010] (5) After completing authentication and status identification between the sensor node and the IoT data acquisition system server, the sensor node compresses the sensor data according to the compression rules and sends the data to the IoT data acquisition system server after compression is completed;

[0011] (6) The compressed data uploaded by the sensor node according to the compression rules will be sent to the database by the IoT data acquisition system for matching. According to the matching results, the data will be recorded in the table in the database that matches the MAC and serial number of the sensor node. At the same time, the attributes of the data will be automatically matched in the database, and the data will be labeled with the matched attribute according to the matching results. When the user views the data through the host computer, he can directly see the data with attributes without having to define the data attributes separately.

[0012] The step (5) specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] (5a) The IPv6 header carries the sensor data into the adaptation layer;

[0014] (5b) The adaptation layer matches the IPv6 header of the data with the compression rule table. If a match is found in the compression rule table, the corresponding compression is performed. If not, the process proceeds to the next step.

[0015] (5c) Parse the IPv6 header, record each field in the header, and generate a basic table based on the fields;

[0016] (5d) Count the number of times the message that generates the same basic table is repeated;

[0017] (5e) After the number of repetitions of the monitoring basic table table reaches the maximum number of repetitions, the basic table table is compressed to generate a compression rule table;

[0018] (5f) Delete the base table table;

[0019] (5g) Publish the compression rule table.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide an Internet of Things data acquisition system in an IPv6 environment, comprising:

[0021] The IoT data collection system server is used to register and authenticate the gateway and store the data collected by the sensors;

[0022] Multiple sensor nodes use the IPv6 protocol to communicate with the IoT data acquisition system server. The types and quantities of sensors and controllers can be added in real time according to actual user needs. Each sensor node has a specific globally unique MAC address and a unique registration serial number for identification, verification and differentiation by the IoT data acquisition system.

[0023] The sensor and controller module is connected to the sensor node and is used to collect sensor data and upload the data through the sensor node.

[0024] The Internet of Things data acquisition system server includes:

[0025] Registration machine, used to register sensor nodes;

[0026] The host computer is used to receive and process the connection authentication request sent by the lower computer in the sensor node, and provide users with the display of collected data, setting parameters and issuing control commands;

[0027] The database is used to record the IPv6 address of the Internet of Things data acquisition system server, the globally unique MAC address of the Internet of Things data acquisition system server, the unique serial number of the Internet of Things data acquisition system server in the system, and the MAC address and system unique serial number of the registered sensor node; record the registration table of the registered sensor nodes, and match the data collected by the sensor nodes and save them to the table of the corresponding sensor node device, and automatically match the sensor data attributes and label the data with attribute tags.

[0028] The sensor node comprises:

[0029] Central processing module, used for data calculation, resource control and information processing;

[0030] The lower computer, installed in the central processing module, sends a connection authentication request to the IoT data acquisition system server through the network adapter module based on the existing registration information;

[0031] The serial port module is interactively connected with the sensor and controller module and the central processing module respectively;

[0032] Power module, used to supply power to the system;

[0033] A network adapter module, interactively connected to the central processing module;

[0034] The sensor and controller module includes:

[0035] Sensors, including air humidity sensors, soil temperature and humidity sensors, and light intensity sensors;

[0036] controllers, including relays;

[0037] The sensor and controller are both connected to the central processing module through the serial port module; the sensor and controller send the collected data to the central processing module through the serial port module, and the central processing module controls the controller accordingly through the serial port module according to the instructions received by the lower computer.

[0038] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: first, the acquisition system of the present invention adopts the IPv6 protocol, and the sensor nodes and the Internet of Things data acquisition system server both have globally unique IPv6 addresses. Therefore, the sensor nodes and the Internet of Things data acquisition system server can communicate in real time and bidirectionally without NAT conversion, and the staff can remotely debug the sensor nodes or perform fault maintenance on the sensor nodes; second, after the sensor nodes in the present invention are registered with the Internet of Things data acquisition system server, the sensors are placed at the data monitoring point, powered on and connected to the IPv6 network, and a communication connection can be established quickly and intelligently with the Internet of Things data acquisition system server, without any on-site configuration operations, and without the need for professional personnel to add additional configuration on-site, which effectively reduces the workload of the staff and the complexity of the system and network architecture; third, the sensor nodes in the present invention communicate directly with the Internet of Things data acquisition system server for data transmission, avoiding local forwarding, and having It effectively reduces the time delay and effectively improves the system's control accuracy over the environment; Fourth, since the present invention is that the sensor node directly sends the data uploaded by the downstream sensor through the serial port module to the Internet of Things data acquisition system server, therefore, when adding new sensor data and types, it is only necessary to directly connect the new sensor to the serial port module of the sensor node, without the need for additional debugging, which is simple, convenient and practical; Fifth, the node sensor data in the present invention will be compressed according to the compression rules and then sent to the Internet of Things data acquisition system server. By compressing and sending the sensor data, the data transmission efficiency is improved and the energy consumption of the system is effectively reduced; Sixth, the present invention enters all sensor attributes that meet the Chinese sensor national standards in the database in advance, and can automatically match data attributes when receiving sensor data, and automatically tag the data with attributes without the need to define data attributes separately, effectively reducing the workload of staff and greatly improving the accuracy of data attributes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is the system architecture diagram of this system;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a circuit principle block diagram of the sensor node, Internet of Things data acquisition system server, sensor and controller module in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the sensor node, sensor, and controller module in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the method for establishing connection between the sensor node and the Internet of Things data acquisition system server in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the method of sensor data flow in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, an Internet of Things data collection system in an IPv6 environment includes:

[0045] The IoT data collection system server is used to register and authenticate the gateway and store the data collected by the sensors;

[0046] Multiple sensor nodes use the IPv6 protocol to communicate with the IoT data acquisition system server. The types and quantities of sensors and controllers can be added in real time according to actual user needs. Each sensor node has a specific globally unique MAC address and a unique registration serial number for identification, verification and differentiation by the IoT data acquisition system.

[0047] The sensor and controller module is connected to the sensor node and is used to collect sensor data and upload the data through the sensor node.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the Internet of Things data acquisition system server includes:

[0049] Registration machine, used to register sensor nodes;

[0050] The host computer is used to receive and process the connection authentication request sent by the lower computer in the sensor node, and provide users with the display of collected data, setting parameters and issuing control commands;

[0051] The database is used to record the IPv6 address of the Internet of Things data acquisition system server, the globally unique MAC address of the Internet of Things data acquisition system server, the unique serial number of the Internet of Things data acquisition system server in the system, and the MAC address and system unique serial number of the registered sensor node; record the registration table of the registered sensor nodes, and match the data collected by the sensor nodes and save them to the table of the corresponding sensor node device, and automatically match the sensor data attributes and label the data with attribute tags.

[0052] like Figure 2 、 3 As shown, the sensor node includes:

[0053] Central processing module, used for data calculation, resource control and information processing;

[0054] The lower computer, installed in the central processing module, sends a connection authentication request to the IoT data acquisition system server through the network adapter module based on the existing registration information;

[0055] The serial port module is interactively connected with the sensor and controller module and the central processing module respectively;

[0056] Power module, used to supply power to the system;

[0057] A network adapter module, interactively connected to the central processing module;

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the sensor and controller module includes:

[0059] Sensors, including air humidity sensors, soil temperature and humidity sensors, and light intensity sensors;

[0060] controllers, including relays;

[0061] The sensor and controller are both connected to the central processing module through the serial port module; the sensor and controller send the collected data to the central processing module through the serial port module, and the central processing module controls the controller accordingly through the serial port module according to the instructions received by the lower computer.

[0062] like Figure 4 、 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps in order:

[0063] (1) Register the sensor node in the IoT data acquisition system server. During registration, write the globally unique IPv6 address, globally unique MAC address, and system-unique serial number of the IoT data acquisition system server into the lower computer of the sensor node. Then, enter the MAC address of the sensor node, the unique serial number assigned to the sensor node, and the attributes into the database of the IoT data acquisition system server.

[0064] (2) After the sensor node is placed at the monitoring point, powered on and connected to the IPv6 network, the lower computer immediately sends a communication connection authentication request message to the IoT data acquisition system server based on its own registration information and the globally unique IPv6 address, globally unique MAC address and system unique serial number entered in the IoT data acquisition system server during registration;

[0065] (3) After receiving the communication connection authentication request message sent by the sensor node, the IoT data acquisition system server extracts the MAC address and serial number of the sensor node in the request message and the MAC address and serial number of the IoT data acquisition system server, and then matches the extracted information in the database; after the matching verification is successful, the IoT data acquisition system server will send an authentication request response to the sensor node through the communication connection request; after the sensor node receives the authentication request response returned by the IoT data acquisition system server and confirms that the connection is successful, the sensor node will send the data collected by the downstream sensor to the IoT data acquisition system server; if the match in the database fails, the message will be discarded without response;

[0066] (4) After the Internet of Things data acquisition system server and the sensor node establish an IPv6 communication connection, the Internet of Things data acquisition system server changes the marking status of the MAC address and serial number of the sensor node with which the communication connection has been established from offline to online in the database;

[0067] (5) After completing authentication and status identification between the sensor node and the IoT data acquisition system server, the sensor node compresses the sensor data according to the compression rules and sends the data to the IoT data acquisition system server after compression is completed;

[0068] (6) The compressed data uploaded by the sensor node according to the compression rules will be sent to the database by the IoT data acquisition system for matching. According to the matching results, the data will be recorded in the table in the database that matches the MAC and serial number of the sensor node. At the same time, the attributes of the data will be automatically matched in the database, and the data will be labeled with the matched attribute according to the matching results. When the user views the data through the host computer, he can directly see the data with attributes without having to define the data attributes separately.

[0069] The step (5) specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] (5a) The IPv6 header carries the sensor data into the adaptation layer;

[0071] (5b) The adaptation layer matches the IPv6 header of the data with the compression rule table. If a match is found in the compression rule table, the corresponding compression is performed. If not, the process proceeds to the next step.

[0072] (5c) Parse the IPv6 header, record each field in the header, and generate a basic table based on the fields;

[0073] (5d) Count the number of times the message that generates the same basic table is repeated;

[0074] (5e) After the number of repetitions of the monitoring basic table table reaches the maximum number of repetitions, the basic table table is compressed to generate a compression rule table;

[0075] (5f) Delete the base table table;

[0076] (5g) Publish the compression rule table.

[0077] Users can access the IoT data acquisition system server through the terminal to obtain real-time data collected by sensors. They can also set thresholds to allow the controller to automatically control the corresponding equipment to keep environmental variables within the set thresholds, or directly send instructions to the sensor node to control the controller to perform corresponding actions.

[0078] In summary, the present invention can solve the deficiencies in the prior art. In an IPv6 environment, using the data acquisition system described in the present invention, the Internet of Things data acquisition system server can automatically identify sensor nodes that have been registered in the system, and can remotely and intelligently establish a communication connection with the sensor nodes. After receiving the data uploaded by the sensor, the Internet of Things data acquisition system server can automatically match the uploaded data attributes through the database, so that remote new sensor nodes or fault maintenance and firmware upgrades can be conveniently and quickly performed. At the same time, since the sensor node gateway is no longer used, local forwarding is avoided, and the data delay rate is effectively reduced. The node compresses the sensor data according to the compression rules and sends it to the Internet of Things data acquisition system server. By compressing and sending the sensor data, the data transmission efficiency is improved and the energy consumption of the system is effectively reduced.

Claims

1. A method for collecting Internet of Things data in an IPv6 environment, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps in sequence: (1) Register the sensor node in the IoT data acquisition system server. During registration, write the globally unique IPv6 address, globally unique MAC address, and system-unique serial number of the IoT data acquisition system server into the lower computer of the sensor node. Then, enter the MAC address of the sensor node, the unique serial number assigned to the sensor node, and the attributes into the database of the IoT data acquisition system server. (2) After the sensor node is placed at the monitoring point, powered on and connected to the IPv6 network, the lower computer immediately sends a communication connection authentication request message to the IoT data acquisition system server based on its own registration information and the globally unique IPv6 address, globally unique MAC address and system unique serial number entered in the IoT data acquisition system server during registration; (3) After receiving the communication connection authentication request message sent by the sensor node, the IoT data acquisition system server extracts the MAC address and serial number of the sensor node in the request message and the MAC address and serial number of the IoT data acquisition system server, and then matches the extracted information in the database; after the matching verification is successful, the IoT data acquisition system server will send an authentication request response to the sensor node through the communication connection request; after the sensor node receives the authentication request response returned by the IoT data acquisition system server and confirms that the connection is successful, the sensor node will send the data collected by the downstream sensor to the IoT data acquisition system server; if the match in the database fails, the message will be discarded without response; (4) After the Internet of Things data acquisition system server and the sensor node establish an IPv6 communication connection, the Internet of Things data acquisition system server changes the marking status of the MAC address and serial number of the sensor node with which the communication connection has been established from offline to online in the database; (5) After completing authentication and status identification between the sensor node and the IoT data acquisition system server, the sensor node compresses the sensor data according to the compression rules and sends the data to the IoT data acquisition system server after compression is completed; (6) The compressed data uploaded by the sensor node according to the compression rules will be sent to the database by the IoT data acquisition system for matching. According to the matching results, the data will be recorded in the table in the database that matches the MAC and serial number of the sensor node. At the same time, the attributes of the data will be automatically matched in the database, and the data will be labeled with the matched attribute according to the matching results. When the user views the data through the host computer, he can directly see the data with attributes without having to define the data attributes separately.

2. The method for collecting Internet of Things data in an IPv6 environment according to claim 1, wherein: The step (5) specifically includes the following steps: (5a) The IPv6 header carries the sensor data into the adaptation layer; (5b) The adaptation layer matches the IPv6 header of the data with the compression rule table. If a match is found in the compression rule table, the corresponding compression is performed. If not, the process proceeds to the next step. (5c) Parse the IPv6 header, record each field in the header, and generate a basic table based on the fields; (5d) Count the number of times the message that generates the same basic table is repeated; (5e) After the number of repetitions of the monitoring basic table table reaches the maximum number of repetitions, the basic table table is compressed to generate a compression rule table; (5f) Delete the base table table; (5g) Publish the compression rule table.

3. A system for implementing the method for collecting Internet of Things data in an IPv6 environment according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: include: The IoT data collection system server is used to register and authenticate the gateway and store the data collected by the sensors; Multiple sensor nodes use the IPv6 protocol to communicate with the IoT data acquisition system server. The types and quantities of sensors and controllers can be added in real time according to actual user needs. Each sensor node has a specific globally unique MAC address and a unique registration serial number for identification, verification and differentiation by the IoT data acquisition system. The sensor and controller module is connected to the sensor node and is used to collect sensor data and upload the data through the sensor node.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The Internet of Things data acquisition system server includes: Registration machine, used to register sensor nodes; The host computer is used to receive and process the connection authentication request sent by the lower computer in the sensor node, and provide users with the display of collected data, setting parameters and issuing control commands; The database is used to record the IPv6 address of the Internet of Things data acquisition system server, the globally unique MAC address of the Internet of Things data acquisition system server, the unique serial number of the Internet of Things data acquisition system server in the system, and the MAC address and system unique serial number of the registered sensor node; record the registration table of the registered sensor nodes, and match the data collected by the sensor nodes and save them to the table of the corresponding sensor node device, and automatically match the sensor data attributes and label the data with attribute tags.

5. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The sensor node comprises: Central processing module, used for data calculation, resource control and information processing; The lower computer, installed in the central processing module, sends a connection authentication request to the IoT data acquisition system server through the network adapter module based on the existing registration information; The serial port module is interactively connected with the sensor and controller module and the central processing module respectively; Power module, used to supply power to the system; A network adapter module, interactively connected to the central processing module; The sensor and controller module includes: Sensors, including air humidity sensors, soil temperature and humidity sensors, and light intensity sensors; controllers, including relays; The sensor and controller are both connected to the central processing module through the serial port module; the sensor and controller send the collected data to the central processing module through the serial port module, and the central processing module controls the controller accordingly through the serial port module according to the instructions received by the lower computer.

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