Self-cleaning type crushing pulper for processing kitchen waste

Abstract

The present application relates to solid waste treatment technical field, specifically to a kind of self-cleaning type breaking pulping machine for handling kitchen waste, self-cleaning type breaking pulping machine includes shell, filter assembly and breaking assembly.Shell is provided with slag outlet and sieve material mouth;Filter assembly is built-in in shell, and sieve material mouth is located below filter assembly;Breaking assembly includes breaking unit, and breaking unit is rotatably connected with shell, and located in filter assembly, and breaking assembly can axially push material to slag outlet;Self-flushing pipeline is arranged in filter assembly;Self-cleaning passage is opened in breaking unit.Filter assembly can simultaneously play the role of limiting and filtering, and automatically selects material.Rationally set the length of breaking period, and not in line with the material can be screened, practicality is strong, and screening efficiency is high.Self-flushing pipeline and self-cleaning passage are arranged in shell interior, and the mechanism in shell interior can be automatically washed directly in breaking process, cleaning is more timely, and breaking efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a self-cleaning type crushing and pulping machine for treating kitchen waste. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the treatment of kitchen waste, wet anaerobic fermentation is a mainstream process. In the pretreatment process, the material needs to be crushed and pulped, the material is broken into particles, the particle size is beneficial to the subsequent process, and the substances that cannot be crushed and are not conducive to the reaction are screened out.

[0003] Crushing and pulping is a key link in the wet anaerobic process. The existing ordinary crushing and pulping machine mostly adopts a horizontally arranged hammer crusher. When applied to kitchen waste treatment, the material composition is complex, the average hardness of the material is low, and the material often contains film-shaped or strip-shaped substances, which are easy to adhere to the screen wall, thereby reducing the filtering capacity of the screen, reducing the passing efficiency of the qualified material (i.e. the material with a particle size meeting the specified requirements), and further reducing the overall crushing efficiency of the equipment and the efficiency of the production line. Similarly, the material is also easy to adhere to the shaft of the crushing and pulping machine. The shaft is provided with a plurality of blades, which crush the material. When the crushing and pulping machine operates for a long time, the material accumulates on the blades, and the crushing efficiency decreases.

[0004] The existing treatment method is to manually flush the inside of the crushing and pulping machine with high-pressure water. The crushing and pulping machine cannot operate at the same time during cleaning, and frequent cleaning affects the crushing efficiency. If the crushing and pulping machine is operated for a long time before cleaning, more material adheres to the screen and the blades, making cleaning more difficult. Sometimes, manual disassembly and replacement are required, which is time-consuming and inefficient. SUMMARY

[0005] (I) Technical problem to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a self-cleaning type crushing and pulping machine for treating kitchen waste, which solves the technical problem of reducing the crushing and pulping efficiency caused by cleaning the crushing and pulping machine.

[0007] (II) Technical scheme

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the self-cleaning type crushing and pulping machine for treating kitchen waste of the present application comprises:

[0009] A shell is provided with a slag outlet and a screening port;

[0010] A filter assembly is built-in the shell, and the screening port is located below the filter assembly;

[0011] The crushing assembly comprises a crushing unit rotatably connected with the shell and located in the filtering assembly, and the crushing assembly is capable of axially pushing the material to the slag outlet;

[0012] The filtering assembly is provided with a self-flushing pipeline.

[0013] Optionally, the filtering assembly comprises a filtering piece and a connecting piece detachably connected, and the connecting piece is located below the crushing unit.

[0014] The self-flushing pipeline is arranged between the filtering piece and the connecting piece or in the connecting piece, and a water outlet of the self-flushing pipeline faces the inner side of the filtering piece.

[0015] Optionally, the filtering piece and / or the connecting piece is provided with a mounting groove, and the self-flushing pipeline is embedded in the mounting groove, so that the filtering piece and the connecting piece are in surface-to-surface abutment.

[0016] Optionally, the filtering piece comprises an intercepting part and a filtering part connected with each other, and the intercepting part is located above the filtering part.

[0017] Optionally, the water outlet of the self-flushing pipeline is provided with a one-way valve group comprising a limiting piece and a guide column.

[0018] The limiting piece is arranged in a pipeline of the self-flushing pipeline, and the guide column is slidably connected with the limiting piece.

[0019] A top end of the limiting piece is provided with a first taper surface, a maximum outer diameter of the first taper surface is equal to an inner diameter of the self-flushing pipeline, a bottom end of the limiting piece is provided with a second taper surface, an outer diameter of the second taper surface is smaller than the inner diameter of the self-flushing pipeline, a top part of the guide column is capable of being in surface-to-surface contact with the first taper surface, and a bottom part of the guide column is capable of being in surface-to-surface contact with the second taper surface.

[0020] The limiting piece is provided with a plurality of jet holes arranged between the second taper surface and an outer wall of the limiting piece.

[0021] Optionally, the crushing unit comprises a rotating shaft, a plurality of cutter discs and a plurality of crushing hammers.

[0022] The rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the shell.

[0023] The plurality of cutter discs are arranged in an array along an axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0024] A plurality of crushing hammers are arranged between adjacent cutter discs, the plurality of crushing hammers are uniformly arranged around the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the plurality of crushing hammers are distributed in a spiral shape in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0025] Optionally, the rotating shaft is provided with the self-cleaning channel; the self-cleaning channel comprises a main channel and a plurality of branch channels communicated with the main channel;

[0026] The main channel and the plurality of branch channels are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0027] The plurality of branch channels are arranged in the radial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0028] Optionally, the crushing surface of the crushing hammer forms an angle of 5-10° with the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0029] Optionally, the shell further comprises a feeding port.

[0030] The feeding port is arranged at the head end of the pushing direction of the crushing unit.

[0031] The screening port is arranged at the tail end of the pushing direction of the crushing unit.

[0032] Optionally, the self-cleaning crushing pulper further comprises a compressor communicated with the self-flushing pipeline and the self-cleaning channel respectively.

[0033] (III) Beneficial effects

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present application are that the filter assembly is built in the shell, the crushing unit is rotationally connected with the shell and located in the filter assembly. The material is extruded between the filter assembly and the crushing unit, the material is crushed by the crushing unit, the material is screened by the filter assembly, the qualified material is discharged through the filter assembly, and the unqualified material remains in the filter assembly for further crushing. The filter assembly can simultaneously limit and filter the material, and automatically screen the material.

[0035] The screening port is located below the filter assembly, the qualified material is collected through the screening port after being filtered, and the subsequent process is facilitated. The crushing assembly can axially push the material to the slag discharge port, the time from the material entering the shell to the material being discharged from the shell is the crushing period of the material, and the material is continuously crushed in the crushing period. After the crushing period ends, the qualified material is discharged from the filter assembly, and the unqualified material is discharged into the slag discharge port. The crushing period can screen the material, and the material that still does not meet the size standard after the crushing period ends indicates that the crushing difficulty of such unqualified material is large and is not conducive to the subsequent reaction. Therefore, by reasonably setting the length of the crushing period, the unqualified material can be screened, the practicality is strong, and the screening efficiency is high.

[0036] The self-cleaning type broken pulping machine for processing kitchen waste is provided with a self-flushing pipeline in the filtering assembly to flush the filtering assembly; a self-cleaning passage is arranged in the broken unit to flush the broken unit; and since the broken unit is arranged in the filtering assembly, the self-cleaning passage can also flush the filtering assembly. The self-flushing pipeline and the self-cleaning passage are arranged in the shell, which can directly automatically flush the mechanism in the shell during the breaking process, and the cleaning is more timely; and the self-cleaning type broken pulping machine does not need to be stopped for manual cleaning, and the breaking progress and efficiency are not affected, the cost of manual maintenance and cleaning is reduced, and the breaking efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a self-cleaning type broken pulping machine for processing kitchen waste according to the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic view of a side of a self-cleaning type broken pulping machine for processing kitchen waste according to the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic view of a filtering assembly according to the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view of a filtering piece according to the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a structural schematic view of a connecting piece according to the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a structural schematic view of a self-flushing pipeline according to the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a structural schematic view of a first limit state of a one-way valve group according to the present application;

[0044] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a structural schematic view of a second limit state of a one-way valve group according to the present application;

[0045] Figure 9 FIG. 9 is a structural schematic view of a broken unit according to the present application;

[0046] Figure 10 FIG. 10 is a structural schematic view of a self-cleaning passage according to the present application;

[0047] Figure 11 FIG. 11 is a structural schematic view of a broken hammer according to the present application;

[0048] Figure 12 FIG. 12 is a side view of a broken hammer according to the present application;

[0049] Figure 13 FIG. 13 is a top view of a broken hammer according to the present application.

[0050]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0051] 1: housing; 11: slag outlet; 12: screening port; 13: feeding port;

[0052] 2: filter assembly; 21: self-flushing pipeline; 211: main pipeline; 212: branch pipeline; 22: self-cleaning passage; 221: main passage; 222: branch passage; 23: connecting piece; 24: mounting groove; 25: filter piece; 251: intercepting part; 252: filtering part; 26: one-way valve group; 261: limiting piece; 2611: first taper surface; 2612: second taper surface; 2613: jet hole; 262: guide column;

[0053] 3: crushing assembly; 31: crushing unit; 311: rotating shaft; 312: cutter head; 313: crushing hammer; 32: transmission assembly;

[0054] 4: access door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to better explain the present application, so as to be understood, the present application is described in detail by specific embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] It should be noted that all directional indications, such as upper, lower, left, right, front, back, etc., in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0057] In addition, the description such as "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0058] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "fixing" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; "connection" can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] Reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 2The application provides a self-cleaning type crushing pulping machine for processing kitchen waste, which comprises a shell 1, a filtering assembly 2 and a crushing assembly 3. The shell 1 is provided with a slag outlet 11 and a screening port 12; the filtering assembly 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and the screening port 12 is located below the filtering assembly 2; the crushing assembly 3 comprises a crushing unit 31, the crushing unit 31 is rotationally connected with the shell 1 and located in the filtering assembly 2, and the crushing assembly 3 can axially push the material to the slag outlet 11; wherein the filtering assembly 2 is provided with a self-flushing pipeline 21; and the crushing unit 31 is provided with a self-cleaning channel 22.

[0060] The filtering assembly 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and the crushing unit 31 is rotationally connected with the shell 1 and located in the filtering assembly 2. The material is extruded between the filtering assembly 2 and the crushing unit 31, the material is crushed by the crushing unit 31, and the material is screened by the filtering assembly 2, the qualified material is discharged through the filtering assembly 2, and the unqualified material remains in the filtering assembly 2 for continuous crushing. The filtering assembly 2 can simultaneously limit and filter the material and automatically screen the material.

[0061] The screening port 12 is located below the filtering assembly 2, the qualified material is collected through the screening port 12 after being filtered, and the subsequent process is facilitated. The crushing assembly 3 can axially push the material to the slag outlet 11, the time of the material from entering the shell 1 to being discharged from the shell 1 is a crushing period of the material, and the material is continuously crushed in the crushing period; after the crushing period ends, the qualified material is discharged from the filtering assembly 2, and the unqualified material is discharged into the slag outlet 11. The crushing period can screen the material, and the material that still does not meet the size standard after the crushing period ends indicates that the crushing difficulty of the material is large and the material is not conducive to the subsequent reaction, so that the crushing period is reasonably set, the material of this type can be screened, the practicability is high, and the screening efficiency is high.

[0062] The filtering assembly 2 is provided with the self-flushing pipeline 21 to flush the filtering assembly 2; the crushing unit 31 is provided with the self-cleaning channel 22 to flush the crushing unit 31; and since the crushing unit 31 is arranged in the filtering assembly 2, the self-cleaning channel 22 can also flush the filtering assembly 2. The self-flushing pipeline 21 and the self-cleaning channel 22 are arranged in the shell 1, can directly automatically flush the mechanism in the shell 1 in the crushing process, and are cleaned more timely; the self-cleaning type crushing pulping machine does not need to be manually cleaned after being stopped, the crushing progress and efficiency are not affected, the cost of manual maintenance and cleaning is reduced, and the crushing efficiency is improved.

[0063] The crushing assembly 3 further comprises a transmission assembly 32, and the transmission assembly 32 is connected with the crushing unit 31. The transmission assembly 32 can be a motor or a motor plus a belt structure for transmission, and can drive the rotation of the crushing unit 31.

[0064] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the filter assembly 2 includes a detachable connection filter 25 and a connecting piece 23, the connecting piece 23 is located below the crushing unit 31; the filter 25 and the connecting piece 23 can be connected by bolts, which is convenient for the maintenance and replacement of the self-cleaning pipeline 21; the self-cleaning pipeline 21 is arranged between the filter 25 and the connecting piece 23, or arranged in the connecting piece 23; the water outlet of the self-cleaning pipeline 21 is directed to the inside of the filter 25. Because the self-cleaning type crushing pulper of the embodiment is horizontally arranged, even if the material is extruded between the filter assembly 2 and the crushing assembly 3, the material has a natural tendency to fall due to its own gravity, so the bottom end of the filter assembly 2 is the place where the material accumulates the most, and the bottom end is more prone to blockage than the side end and the top end. Based on this, the self-cleaning pipeline 21 is arranged at the bottom end of the filter assembly 2 to focus on washing the bottom end of the filter assembly 2. Since the self-cleaning pipeline 21 is embedded in the filter assembly 2, it will not affect the operation of the crushing unit 31 and the crushing efficiency of the self-cleaning type crushing pulper, and realize the self-cleaning of the filter assembly 2 during the crushing process, ensure the filtering efficiency of the filter assembly 2 during long-time operation, and reduce the frequency of replacing, manual cleaning and maintaining the filter assembly 2.

[0065] Specifically, the filter 25 can be selected as a screen, and in the embodiment, a filter barrel is selected, which is not limited to barrel-shaped, but can also be a prism or other shapes. A plurality of through holes are provided on the filter barrel as filter holes, and the qualified material can pass through the filter holes and fall into the screening port 12, which is beneficial to the subsequent wet anaerobic fermentation process. The water outlet of the self-cleaning pipeline 21 is directed to the inside of the filter 25, and then the filter holes can be washed from the inside to the outside, and the material adhered and blocked in the filter holes can be washed into the screening port 12, realizing the self-cleaning of the filter 25. Of course, the connecting piece 23 and the self-cleaning pipeline 21 can be arranged anywhere on the filter 25, and the bottom of the filter 25 is more prone to blockage, and the bottom of the filter 25 is more emphasized to be washed.

[0066] Secondly, the self-cleaning pipeline 21 is arranged between the filter element 25 and the connecting element 23, or arranged in the connecting element 23, including two embodiments, both of which can splice the filter element 25 and the connecting element 23 into a barrel, that is, a filter barrel. Embodiment one is that a slot is formed on the filter element 25, the slot is used to install the connecting element 23, and the self-cleaning pipeline 21 is arranged between the filter element 25 and the connecting element 23; the slot can be arranged in the inside direction or the outside direction of the filter element 25, and the outside direction is preferred, which is more convenient for maintenance. Embodiment two is that a through hole is formed on the filter element 25, and the connecting element 23 is installed at the through hole, the connecting element 23 can be regarded as a part separated from the filter barrel, the connecting element 23 includes a first connecting element and a second connecting element, the self-cleaning pipeline 21 is installed between the first connecting element and the second connecting element, and then the connecting element 23 is connected with the filter element 25, and embodiment two is more convenient to disassemble and maintain than embodiment one. As for the connection mode between the filter element 25, the connecting element 23 and the self-cleaning pipeline 21, it can be common bolt connection, welding or buckle structure, etc., which will not be described in detail.

[0067] Further, the filter element 25 and / or the connecting element 23 is provided with a mounting groove 24, and the self-cleaning pipeline 21 is arranged in the mounting groove 24, so that the filter element 25 and the connecting element 23 abut each other. The mounting groove 24 is arranged in a staggered manner with the filter hole to avoid interference. After the mounting groove 24 is arranged, the self-cleaning pipeline 21 can be embedded in the filter assembly 2, so that the inner walls of the filter element 25 and the connecting element 23 are located on the same radius size, that is, the inner wall connection of the filter element 25 and the connecting element 23 is smooth without fault, which can effectively avoid affecting the crushing process of the crushing unit 31.

[0068] In another embodiment, the filter element 25 includes an interception part 251 and a filter part 252, and the interception part 251 is arranged above the filter part 252. Compared with the embodiment in which the filter barrel is entirely provided with the filter part 252, the additional interception part 251 makes maintenance more convenient. Specifically, a plurality of maintenance openings are formed on the interception part 251, and a maintenance door 4 is correspondingly arranged on the shell 1. During the crushing process, the maintenance door 4 is closed to ensure that the material cannot be discharged from the maintenance opening and can only be discharged from the filter hole. When the crushing efficiency of the self-cleaning type crushing pulper is reduced, the maintenance door 4 can be opened to check the internal condition, and the reserved maintenance opening is also convenient for manual maintenance.

[0069] Referring to Figures 5 to 7The outlet of the self-flushing pipeline 21 is equipped with a one-way valve assembly 26, which includes a limiting member 261 and a guide post 262. The limiting member 261 is disposed inside the pipeline of the self-flushing pipeline 21. The top end of the limiting member 261 is provided with a first conical surface 2611, the maximum outer diameter of which is equal to the inner diameter of the self-flushing pipeline 21. The bottom end of the limiting member 261 is provided with a second conical surface 2612, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the self-flushing pipeline 21. The limiting member 261 is provided with a guide hole and multiple jet holes 2613. The guide post 262 is slidably connected to the guide hole. The multiple jet holes 2613 are disposed between the second conical surface 2612 and the outer wall of the limiting member 261. The top of the guide post 262 can contact the surface of the first conical surface 2611, and the bottom can contact the surface of the second conical surface 2612.

[0070] In this embodiment, the self-flushing pipeline 21 includes a main pipeline 211 and multiple branch pipelines 212. Each branch pipeline 212 is equipped with a one-way valve assembly 26 at its outlet, allowing water inside the pipeline to be discharged outside, while preventing water outside the pipeline from entering. Specifically, the limiting member 261 has a circular ring structure and is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the branch pipeline 212. The guide post 262 can slide within the limiting member 261. The guide post 262 is I-shaped so that it can abut against the first conical surface 2611 or the second conical surface 2612.

[0071] The operating states of the one-way valve assembly 26 include a first limit state and a second limit state. The first limit state is the flushing state, i.e. Figure 7 As shown in the diagram, the arrow indicates the direction of fluid flow. At this point, the guide column 262 rises to its highest point, and the lower end of the guide column 262 abuts against the surface of the second conical surface 2612. The water flow in the branch pipe 212 can be ejected out of the pipe through the jet hole 2613, but it will be blocked by the upper end of the guide column 262, changing the direction of the water flow. This is because the shape of the side of the upper end of the guide column 262 near the limiting member 261 is consistent with the first conical surface 2611. When the water flow in the branch pipe 212 is ejected towards the upper end of the guide column 262, it will be ejected at the slope of the first conical surface 2611. By setting multiple jet holes 2613 on the limiting member 261, the water flow in the branch pipe 212 can be made to disperse in all directions around the axis of the guide column 262, thereby flushing multiple filter holes around the branch pipe 212, increasing the flushing coverage, and enabling the removal of materials adhering to the filter holes from different directions. The specific slope of the upper end of the guide post 262 and the first conical surface 2611 can be set as required.

[0072] The second limit state is a closed state, that is... Figure 8When the water flow (or material) outside the pipeline wants to enter the pipeline, that is, when there is no pressure in the pipeline, the fluid (water flow and material) outside the pipeline flows into the pipeline, a pressure is applied to the upper end of the guide column 262 (the more material, the greater the pressure), at this time the guide column 262 drops to the lowest point, the upper end of the guide column 262 abuts the first conical surface 2611, and the guide column 262 completely blocks the branch pipeline 212, so that the fluid outside the pipeline cannot enter the pipeline, and sealing is achieved. The second limit state does not need to additionally set an electric valve, but only uses the mechanical mechanism of the one-way valve group 26 itself, combined with the pressure applied by the fluid to the one-way valve group 26 during the crushing process, to realize the automatic closing of the one-way valve group 26, thereby preventing the external viscous water flow or material from blocking the one-way valve group 26, prolonging the service life of the one-way valve group 26, reducing the frequency of maintenance and replacement, and improving the crushing efficiency.

[0073] Referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the crushing unit 31 includes a rotating shaft 311, a plurality of cutter heads 312, and a plurality of crushing hammers 313; the rotating shaft 311 is rotationally connected with the shell 1; the plurality of cutter heads 312 are arranged in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 311, and the cutter heads 312 are connected with the rotating shaft 311 by means of a key; a plurality of crushing hammers 313 are arranged between adjacent cutter heads 312, and the plurality of crushing hammers 313 are uniformly arranged around the axial direction of the rotating shaft 311, so that the material is impacted by the crushing hammers 313 and part of the material is broken and crushed; in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 311, the plurality of crushing hammers 313 are distributed in a spiral shape. The spiral distribution of the crushing hammers 313 enables the crushing unit 31 to apply a propelling force to the material when rotating, so that the material moves along the axis of the rotating shaft 311. Correspondingly, the feeding port 13 and the slag outlet 11 are correspondingly arranged on the shell 1, the material enters from the feeding port 13, is propelled and crushed by the crushing unit 31, and the qualified material is discharged from the filtering assembly 2, and the unqualified material continues to be propelled and crushed until it is directly discharged from the slag outlet 11. The rotation speed of the crushing unit 31 and the length of the filtering assembly 2 determine the residence time of the material in the filtering assembly 2, and the material is discharged from the feeding port 13 to the slag outlet 11 as a crushing cycle. If the material is crushed to the qualified size within the crushing cycle, it is discharged from the filtering assembly 2, and the unqualified material is discharged from the slag outlet 11. The material discharged from the slag outlet 11 indicates that it is difficult to crush and is not easy to handle, and can be collected and further processed by other processes.

[0074] The traditional cutter disc is arranged in the axial direction of the cutter disc, and the cutter is directly arranged at the outer edge of the cutter disc, so that the cutter disc occupies a large space. The present application is arranged between the two adjacent cutter discs 312, so that the material can also be stored between the two adjacent cutter discs 312, thereby increasing the storage capacity of the material in the filter assembly 2, and improving the crushing efficiency. It should be noted that the material stored between the two adjacent cutter discs 312 is the crushing dead angle of the breaking hammer 313, but since the crushing unit 31 itself rotates, the material can be thrown out due to centrifugal force and then collide with the breaking hammer 313 for crushing; at the same time, the present application is provided with a self-cleaning passage 22, and the high-pressure fluid in the self-cleaning passage 22 can further flush out the material stored in the crushing dead angle.

[0075] Secondly, the self-cleaning passage 22 is arranged in the rotating shaft 311; the self-cleaning passage 22 includes a main passage 221 and a plurality of branch passages 222 communicated with the main passage 221; the main passage 221 and the plurality of branch passages 222 are arranged in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 311; and the plurality of branch passages 222 are arranged in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 311. The main passage 221 and the branch passage 222 are both through-hole structures, and the water flows through the main passage 221 to each branch passage 222 for flushing. The branch passage 222 is arranged between the two adjacent cutter discs 312 to flush the breaking hammer 313, and can also flush out the material clamped between the adjacent cutter discs 312, so as to avoid the formation of a crushing dead angle and ensure the crushing efficiency.

[0076] As shown in Figures 11 to 13 The breaking surface (collision surface) of the breaking hammer 313 is at an angle of 5°-10° with respect to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 311, that is, the breaking surface of the breaking hammer 313 is offset from the axial direction of the rotating shaft 311 by 5°-10°, which further enhances the propulsion effect of the crushing unit 31 on the material. The cross section of the breaking hammer 313 is provided with an angle, and a part of the material rotates along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 311 under the pushing of the breaking hammer 313 and the binding of the filter assembly 2, and simultaneously moves along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 311, forming a spiral motion trajectory. Since there is a speed difference between the outer material and the inner material in the filter assembly 2, and between the material and the breaking hammer 313, and the flushing of the self-cleaning passage 22 can further change the motion direction and instantaneous speed of the material, the breaking hammer 313 can efficiently crush the material.

[0077] Secondly, the shell 1 further comprises a feeding port 13; the feeding port 13 is arranged at the head end of the pushing direction of the crushing unit 31, the slagging port 11 is arranged at the tail end of the pushing direction of the crushing unit 31, and the screening port 12 is arranged below the crushing unit 31, so that the materials are effectively separated, the materials beneficial to the wet anaerobic fermentation process are collected through the screening port 12, and the materials not beneficial to the wet anaerobic fermentation process are collected through the slagging port 11 and then further processed through other processes. The height of the slagging port 11 can be slightly higher than the bottom of the filter element 25, so as to prevent the qualified materials from being discharged from the slagging port 11.

[0078] In addition, the self-cleaning type crushing pulper further comprises a compressor, and the compressor is in communication with the self-flushing pipeline 21 and the self-cleaning passage 22. In the embodiment, the compressor is in communication with an air pipe, and the air pipe is in communication with the main pipeline 211 and the main passage 221, respectively, so that the air pressure in the main pipeline 211 and the main passage 221 can be adjusted separately, and the high-pressure fluid and the high-pressure gas can be used separately or mixedly during crushing.

[0079] The high-pressure fluid is introduced into the self-flushing pipeline 21 and the self-cleaning passage 22, and the high-pressure fluid can push the materials, change the instantaneous speed and movement direction of the materials in the filter assembly 2, disturb the existing material flow ring, form local turbulent flow, and enhance the crushing effect on the materials. On this basis, the high-pressure gas is introduced by the compressor, and the high-pressure gas can be introduced continuously or intermittently. The self-cleaning is performed by using the mixed medium of the high-pressure fluid and the high-pressure gas to form a “two-phase flow”. The compressibility of air is used to change the liquid flow speed in the pipeline, form local water hammer, enhance the turbulence of the water body in the pipeline and the vibration of the pipeline, and reduce the blockage of the pipeline itself. When the high-pressure fluid is sprayed, the bubbles are broken to produce micro-explosions, local high pressure is generated, and the cleaning effect on the adhering materials on the screen wall can be improved.

[0080] Due to manufacturing errors and wear, there is a gap between the outer edge of the crushing hammer 313 after unfolding and the inner wall of the filter assembly 2, and part of the materials will adhere to the inner wall of the screen, gradually blocking the filter holes of the filter assembly 2. The weighing measurement of the feeding screw and the discharging screw can be performed, and when the data ratio of the two is abnormal, it is determined that the pulper is blocked, and the self-flushing pipeline 21 is opened to flush the inside of the filter assembly 2. When the torque of the rotating shaft 311 is too large when the rotating shaft 311 is empty, or when a large amount of sundries is found on the rotating shaft 311 through the inspection hole, the self-cleaning passage 22 is opened to flush the crushing unit 31.

[0081] It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of the present application is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical route and characteristics of the present application, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement it, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Any changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning type crushing pulper for processing food waste, characterized by, The self-cleaning type crushing pulper comprises: a shell (1) provided with a slag outlet (11) and a screening outlet (12); a filtering assembly (2) built in the shell (1), with the screening outlet (12) below the filtering assembly (2); a crushing assembly (3) comprising a crushing unit (31) rotationally connected with the shell (1) and located in the filtering assembly (2), the crushing assembly (3) capable of axially pushing materials to the slag outlet (11); wherein the filtering assembly (2) is provided with a self-flushing pipeline (21); the crushing unit (31) is provided with a self-cleaning passage (22); the filtering assembly (2) comprises a filtering piece (25) and a connecting piece (23) detachably connected, with the connecting piece (23) below the crushing unit (31); the self-flushing pipeline (21) is arranged between the filtering piece (25) and the connecting piece (23); the water outlet of the self-flushing pipeline (21) faces the inner side of the filtering piece (25); the filtering piece (25) is a filtering barrel provided with a plurality of filtering holes; the filtering piece (25) and / or the connecting piece (23) are provided with mounting grooves (24), with the self-flushing pipeline (21) embedded in the mounting grooves (24) so that the filtering piece (25) and the connecting piece (23) face each other; the inner walls of the filtering piece (25) and the connecting piece (23) are located on the same radius dimension; the mounting grooves (24) are arranged in a staggered manner with the filtering holes; the self-flushing pipeline (21) comprises a main pipeline (211) and a plurality of branch pipelines (212) connected in communication.

2. The self-cleaning crushing and pulping machine for processing kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, the filtering piece (25) comprises an intercepting part (251) and a filtering part (252) connected with each other, with the intercepting part (251) above the filtering part (252).

3. The self-cleaning crushing and pulping machine for processing kitchen garbage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the water outlet of the self-flushing pipeline (21) is provided with a one-way valve group (26) comprising a limiting piece (261) and a guide column (262); the limiting piece (261) is arranged in the pipeline of the self-flushing pipeline (21), with the guide column (262) slidably connected with the limiting piece (261); the top end of the limiting piece (261) is provided with a first taper surface (2611) with a maximum outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the self-flushing pipeline (21); the bottom end of the limiting piece (261) is provided with a second taper surface (2612) with an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the self-flushing pipeline (21); the top of the guide column (262) can be in surface-to-surface contact with the first taper surface (2611), and the bottom can be in surface-to-surface contact with the second taper surface (2612); the limiting piece (261) is provided with a plurality of jet holes (2613) arranged between the second taper surface (2612) and the outer wall of the limiting piece (261).

4. The self-cleaning crushing and pulping machine for processing kitchen garbage according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The crushing unit (31) comprises a rotating shaft (311), a plurality of cutter heads (312) and a plurality of crushing hammers (313); The rotating shaft (311) is rotationally connected with the shell (1); The plurality of cutter heads (312) are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (311); A plurality of crushing hammers (313) are arranged between adjacent cutter heads (312), and the plurality of crushing hammers (313) are uniformly arranged around the axial direction of the rotating shaft (311); in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (311), the plurality of crushing hammers (313) are distributed in a spiral shape.

5. The self-cleaning crushing and pulping machine for processing kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, The self-cleaning passage (22) is arranged in the rotating shaft (311); the self-cleaning passage (22) comprises a main passage (221) and a plurality of branch passages (222) in communication with the main passage (221); The main passage (221) and the plurality of branch passages (222) are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (311); The plurality of branch passages (222) are arranged in the radial direction of the rotating shaft (311).

6. The self-cleaning crushing and pulping machine for processing kitchen garbage according to claim 4, wherein The crushing surface of the crushing hammer (313) forms an angle of 5°-10° with the axial direction of the rotating shaft (311).

7. The self-cleaning crushing and pulping machine for processing kitchen garbage according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The shell (1) further comprises a feeding port (13); The feeding port (13) is arranged at the head end in the pushing direction of the crushing unit (31); The screening port (12) is arranged at the tail end in the pushing direction of the crushing unit (31).

8. The self-cleaning crushing and pulping machine for processing kitchen garbage according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The self-cleaning type crushing pulper further comprises a compressor in communication with the self-flushing pipeline (21) and the self-cleaning passage (22), respectively.

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