Fender positioning tool and fender adaptive positioning method

Abstract

The application discloses a fender positioning tool and a fender self-adaptive positioning method. The tool comprises a bottom frame, an upper frame and a centering mechanism. The bottom frame is provided with a positioning mechanism at the bottom for three-way positioning with a vehicle body. The upper frame is installed above the bottom frame through a sliding mechanism. The X-direction displacement of the upper frame relative to the vehicle body can be adjusted through the sliding mechanism. The centering mechanism is installed at the top of the upper frame. The Y-direction displacement of the upper frame relative to the vehicle body can be adjusted through the centering mechanism. The upper frame is provided with clamping mechanisms on both sides for fixing the fender. The upper frame is further provided with a linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism is connected with the clamping mechanisms on both sides. The X-direction and Y-direction displacements of the fender relative to the vehicle body can be adjusted through the linkage mechanism and the clamping mechanisms. The application ensures that the relative positions of the left and right fenders and peripheral parts can be considered after positioning and assembling, and the installation efficiency and production quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automotive assembly technology, specifically relating to a fender positioning fixture and a fender adaptive positioning method. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive fenders are divided into two independent pieces, left and right, each with its own relative position to the left and right front doors and A-pillars, but also to the hood. Currently, most domestic automakers assemble fenders either by first assembling one fender to the door and then adjusting the position between the hood and fender, or by first assembling the hood and fender and then adjusting the door. These existing assembly methods fail to consider the overall position of the door, fender, and hood in one go. Because the positions of each part fluctuate and are unstable, it's difficult to simultaneously meet the relative positional requirements with surrounding parts after the left and right fenders are assembled. Adjustments can only be made in later stages by rework personnel, severely impacting both production efficiency and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology and provide a fender positioning fixture and a fender adaptive positioning method.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a fender positioning fixture, including a bottom frame, an upper frame, and a centering mechanism. The bottom frame is provided with a positioning mechanism for three-dimensional positioning with the vehicle body. The upper frame is installed above the bottom frame through a sliding mechanism, which can adjust the X-axis displacement of the upper frame relative to the vehicle body. The centering mechanism is installed on the top of the upper frame, which can adjust the Y-axis displacement of the upper frame relative to the vehicle body. Clamping mechanisms for fixing the fender are provided on both sides of the upper frame. The upper frame is also provided with a linkage mechanism, the two ends of which are connected to the clamping mechanisms on both sides. The X-axis and Y-axis displacements of the fender relative to the vehicle body can be adjusted through the linkage mechanism and the clamping mechanism.

[0005] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism includes a first guide pin, a second guide pin, and several clamping blocks. The first guide pin and the second guide pin are respectively disposed on both sides of the bottom of the bottom frame. The first guide pin has a cylindrical structure, and the second guide pin has a flat structure. The clamping block includes a clamping part and a driving cylinder. The driving cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the bottom frame. The opening and closing degree of the clamping part can be adjusted by the driving end of the driving cylinder, so that the clamping part is clamped to the vehicle body.

[0006] Furthermore, the sliding mechanism includes a first driving part, a limiting part, and a first sliding part. The first driving part is mounted on the bottom frame, and the driving end of the first driving part is connected to the upper frame. The X-direction displacement of the upper frame is adjusted by the first driving part. The limiting part is disposed on both sides of the upper frame. The maximum X-direction stroke of the upper frame is limited by the positional relationship between the limiting part and the vehicle body. The first sliding part is installed between the upper frame and the bottom frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the first sliding part includes a mounting base, an upper sliding end, an upper pressing block, a lower sliding end, and a lower pressing block. The mounting base has a gate-shaped structure and is fixed to the bottom frame. The upper pressing block is fixed to the top and bottom of the mounting base, and the lower sliding end is fixed to the bottom and top of the mounting base. The upper sliding end and the lower pressing block are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the upper frame. The movable end of the upper sliding end slides in contact with the upper pressing block, and the movable end of the lower sliding end slides in contact with the lower pressing block.

[0008] Furthermore, the centering mechanism includes a left connecting rod, a right connecting rod, a linkage rod, a second drive unit, a first arm, and a second arm. The second drive unit is fixed to the upper frame, and the first and second arms are movably mounted on the upper frame. The drive end of the second drive unit is connected to one end of the linkage rod, and the middle part of the linkage rod is movably connected to the upper frame. One end of the left connecting rod is connected to one end of the linkage rod, and the other end is connected to the first arm. One end of the right connecting rod is connected to the other end of the linkage rod, and the other end is connected to the second arm. The drive end of the second drive unit drives the linkage rod to rotate, thereby causing the left and right connecting rods to move and adjusting the Y-direction displacement of the first and second arms relative to the upper frame. The Y-direction displacement of the upper frame relative to the vehicle body is adjusted by the positional relationship between the first and second arms and the vehicle body.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism is mounted on the upper frame via a second sliding part, the second sliding part including a sliding rod and a sliding groove, the sliding groove being fixed to the upper frame, the sliding rod being fixed to the clamping mechanism, and the sliding rod and the sliding groove being slidably engaged.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping arm, a profile block, and a positioning pin. The top of the clamping arm is connected to the linkage mechanism, the profile block is fixed to the bottom inner side of the clamping arm, and the positioning pin is installed on the lower sides of the upper frame. The fender is clamped by the cooperation of the positioning pin and the profile block.

[0011] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a fixed base and two third drive units, with the fixed end of the third drive unit fixed to the fixed base and the drive end of the third drive unit connected to the clamping mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, both the upper and lower frames are grid-type frames formed by connecting multiple horizontal and vertical bars.

[0013] An adaptive positioning method for a fender based on the aforementioned fender positioning fixture includes the following steps:

[0014] Pre-install the fenders on the vehicle body;

[0015] The underlying frame is fixed to the vehicle body using a positioning mechanism;

[0016] Adjust the sliding mechanism to move the upper frame along the X direction until the limiting part on the sliding mechanism abuts the front end of the vehicle body;

[0017] Adjust the centering mechanism to move the upper frame along the Y direction until the first and second arms of the centering mechanism are both in contact with the doors on both sides;

[0018] Adjust the linkage mechanism and clamping mechanism to position the fender in the X and Y directions so that the fender reaches the positioning point.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] The fender positioning fixture of this invention adopts a double-layer frame structure design. The bottom frame serves as the three-way support carrier for the entire fixture, supporting the upper frame. The bottom frame is clamped to the vehicle body by a positioning mechanism to form a positioning reference. The upper frame is an adaptive frame, which, in cooperation with the sliding mechanism, centering mechanism, linkage mechanism, and clamping mechanism, can simultaneously achieve three functions: 1. The left and right fenders can move in the X direction (along the length of the vehicle body) to follow the position of the left and right front doors; 2. The left and right fenders can be aligned and adapted in the Y direction (along the width of the vehicle body) to follow the opening of the left and right front doors, ensuring the relative positional relationship between the fenders and the front doors; 3. The fenders are first placed in the theoretical position with the correct relative positional relationship with the hood, thus ensuring the consistency of the relative positional relationship between the left and right fenders and the hood.

[0021] The tooling structure of this invention is reasonably designed, which ensures that the relative position of the left and right fenders with the surrounding parts can be taken into account after the left and right fenders are positioned and assembled, greatly increasing the first-time assembly pass rate. While ensuring quality, it effectively reduces the rework time in the fender area, and improves installation efficiency and production quality. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the sliding mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping block of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram, 1-bottom frame; 1.1-lifting rod; 2-upper frame; 3-sliding mechanism; 3.1-first drive unit; 3.2-limiting unit; 3.3-first sliding unit; 3.4-mounting base; 3.5-upper sliding end; 3.6-upper clamping block; 3.7-lower sliding end; 3.8-lower clamping block; 3.9-limiting pin; 3.10-fixing block; 3.11-handle; 4-centering mechanism; 4.1-left connecting rod; 4.2-right connecting rod; 4.3-linking rod; 4.4-second drive unit; 4.5-fixed shaft; 4.6 4.7 - First arm; 5.7 - Second arm; 6.8 - Clamping mechanism; 7.1 - Second sliding part; 8.2 - Slide rod; 9.3 - Slide groove; 10.4 - Clamping arm; 11.5 - Profile block; 12.6 - Positioning pin; 13.7 - Cylinder; 14.8 - Handle; 15.9 - Linkage mechanism; 16.1 - Fixed seat; 17.2 - Third drive part; 18.7 - Positioning mechanism; 19.1 - First guide pin; 19.2 - Second guide pin; 19.3 - Clamping block; 19.4 - Clamping part; 19.5 - Drive cylinder; 19.6 - Fixed part; 19.7 - Movable part; 10.8 - Fender. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a fender positioning fixture, including a bottom frame 1, an upper frame 2, and a centering mechanism 4. Both the upper frame 2 and the bottom frame 1 are grid-type frames formed by connecting multiple horizontal and vertical bars. The bottom of the bottom frame 1 is provided with a positioning mechanism 7 for three-way positioning with the vehicle body. The positioning mechanism 7 clamps and positions the bottom frame 1 on the vehicle body. The upper frame 2 is installed above the bottom frame 2 by a sliding mechanism 3. The sliding mechanism 3 can adjust the X-direction displacement of the upper frame 2 relative to the vehicle body. The centering mechanism 4 is installed on the top of the upper frame 2. The centering mechanism 4 can adjust the Y-direction displacement of the upper frame 2 relative to the vehicle body. The upper frame 2 is provided with clamping mechanisms 5 for fixing the fender 8 on both sides. The upper frame 2 is also provided with a linkage mechanism 6. The two ends of the linkage mechanism 6 are connected to the clamping mechanisms 5 on both sides. The linkage mechanism 6 and the clamping mechanisms 5 can adjust the X-direction and Y-direction displacement of the fender 8 relative to the vehicle body.

[0031] The fender positioning fixture of this invention adopts a double-layer frame structure design. The bottom frame 1 serves as the three-way support carrier for the entire fixture, supporting the upper frame 2. The bottom frame 1 is clamped to the vehicle body by the positioning mechanism 7, forming a positioning reference. The upper frame 2 is an adaptive frame, which, in cooperation with the sliding mechanism 3, the centering mechanism 4, the linkage mechanism 6, and the clamping mechanism 5, can simultaneously achieve three functions: 1. The left and right fenders can move in the X direction (along the length of the vehicle body) to follow the position of the left and right front doors; 2. The left and right fenders can be aligned and adapted in the Y direction (along the width of the vehicle body) to follow the opening of the left and right front doors, ensuring the relative positional relationship between the fenders and the front doors; 3. The fenders are first placed in the theoretical position with the correct relative positional relationship to the hood, thus ensuring the consistency of the relative positional relationship between the left and right fenders and the hood. The entire fixture structure is reasonably designed, ensuring that the relative position of the left and right fenders with surrounding parts can be taken into account after positioning and assembly, improving installation efficiency and production quality.

[0032] In the above scheme, the positioning mechanism 7 includes a first guide pin 7.1, a second guide pin 7.2, and four clamping blocks 7.3. The first guide pin 7.1 and the second guide pin 7.2 are respectively disposed on both sides of the bottom of the bottom frame 1. The first guide pin 7.1 has a cylindrical structure, and the second guide pin 7.2 has a flat structure. The clamping block 7.3 includes a clamping part 7.4 and a driving cylinder 7.5. The driving cylinder 7.5 is fixed to the bottom of the bottom frame 1 by a bracket. The clamping part 7.4 includes a fixed part 7.6 and a movable part 7.7. The fixed part 7.6 is hinged to the middle of the movable part 7.7. One end of the fixed part 7.6 is fixed to the bottom of the fixed end of the driving cylinder (i.e., on the bracket), and one end of the movable part 7.7 is connected to the driving end of the driving cylinder 7.5. When positioning the fender, the first guide pin 7.1 and the second guide pin 7.2 are inserted into the front wheel arch damping mounting holes to achieve X-axis and Y-axis positioning on the vehicle body. The opening and closing degree of the clamping part 7.4 can be adjusted by the drive end of the drive cylinder 7.5 so that the clamping part 7.4 is clamped to the vehicle body to achieve Z-axis (along the height direction of the vehicle body) positioning on the vehicle body.

[0033] In the above scheme, the sliding mechanism 3 includes a first driving part 3.1, a limiting part 3.2, and four first sliding parts 3.3. The first driving part 3.1 is installed on the bottom frame 1, and the driving end of the first driving part 3.1 is connected to the upper frame 2. The X-direction displacement of the upper frame 2 is adjusted by the first driving part 3.1. The limiting part 3.2 is set on both sides of the upper frame 2. The positional relationship between the limiting part 3.2 and the vehicle body can limit the maximum X-direction stroke of the upper frame 2. The first sliding parts 3.3 are installed between the upper frame 2 and the bottom frame 1. The four first sliding parts 3.3 are distributed in four edge positions to support the upper frame 2 and facilitate the movement of the upper frame 2. The limiting part 3.2 includes a limiting pin 3.9, a fixing block 3.10, and a handle 3.11. The fixing block 3.10 is fixed to the first arm 4.6 and the second arm 4.7 of the centering mechanism 4. Before positioning the fender, the limiting pin 3.9 is extended by controlling the handle 3.11. After the fender is positioned, when disassembling the fixture, the limiting pin 3.9 is retracted by controlling the handle 3.11 for easy disassembly. During positioning and installation, the limiting pin 3.9 is inserted between the door and the fender. When moving the upper frame 2, the upper frame 2 reaches its maximum travel when the limiting pin 3.9 abuts against the door. The limiting pin 3.9 is a round pin or a flat pin, and its diameter or thickness determines the gap between the door and the fender.

[0034] The first sliding part 3.3 includes a mounting base 3.4, an upper sliding end 3.5, an upper clamping block 3.6, a lower sliding end 3.7, and a lower clamping block 3.8. The mounting base 3.4 is a door-shaped structure and is fixed to the bottom frame 1. The upper clamping block 3.6 is fixed to the top and bottom of the mounting base 3.4, and the lower sliding end 3.7 is fixed to the top of the bottom of the mounting base 3.4. The upper sliding end 3.5 and the lower clamping block 3.8 are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the upper frame 2. The movable end of the upper sliding end 3.5 slides in contact with the upper clamping block 3.6, and the movable end of the lower sliding end 3.7 slides in contact with the lower clamping block 3.8. Both the upper sliding end 3.5 and the lower sliding end 3.7 are designed as universal ball bearing structures. The universal ball bearing structure allows the upper frame to slide back and forth and left and right on the bottom frame, thus achieving the self-adaptive purpose of the upper frame.

[0035] In the above scheme, the centering mechanism 4 includes a left connecting rod 4.1, a right connecting rod 4.2, a connecting rod 4.3, a second drive unit 4.4, a first arm 4.6, and a second arm 4.7. The second drive unit 4.4 is fixed to the upper frame 2. The first arm 4.6 and the second arm 4.7 are movably mounted on the upper frame 2 via corresponding slide rods and slide grooves. The drive end 4.41 of the second drive unit 4.4 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 4.3. The middle part of the connecting rod 4.3 is movably connected to the upper frame 2 via a fixed shaft 4.5. The left connecting rod 4.1... One end of the connecting rod 4.3 is connected to the first arm 4.6, and the other end of the right connecting rod 4.2 is connected to the other end of the connecting rod 4.3 and the other end of the right connecting rod 4.7. The driving end of the second driving unit 4.4 drives the connecting rod 4.3 to rotate around the fixed shaft 4.5, thereby causing the left connecting rod 4.1 and the right connecting rod 4.2 to move, thereby adjusting the Y-direction displacement of the first arm 4.6 and the second arm 4.7 relative to the upper frame 2. The Y-direction displacement of the upper frame 2 relative to the vehicle body is adjusted by the positional relationship between the first arm 4.6 and the second arm 4.7 and the vehicle body. When the upper frame 2 is not in the center position, the first arm 4.6 or the second arm 4.7 will be adjusted to move left or right to fit the vehicle body. At this time, the upper frame 2 will not move. After the first arm 4.6 or the second arm 4.7 fits the vehicle body, the second drive unit 4.4 continues to work. The first arm 4.6 or the second arm 4.7 will not move at this time, but will be subjected to the reverse force of the vehicle body. The upper frame 2 will move towards the center position based on this force until the first arm 4.6 and the second arm 4.7 are both in the center position. Then the upper frame 2 reaches the center position, that is, the Y-axis positioning of the upper frame 2 and the vehicle body is achieved.

[0036] In the above scheme, the clamping mechanism 5 is installed on the upper frame 2 via a second sliding part 5.1. The second sliding part 5.1 includes a sliding rod 5.2 and a sliding groove 5.3. The sliding groove 5.3 is fixed to the upper frame 2, and the sliding rod 5.2 is fixed to the bottom of the clamping arm 5.4. The sliding rod 5.2 and the sliding groove 5.3 are slidably engaged. The clamping mechanism 5 includes a clamping arm 5.4, a profile block 5.5, and a positioning pin 5.6. The top of the clamping arm 5.4 is connected to the linkage mechanism 6. The profile block 5.5 is fixed to the bottom inner side of the clamping arm 5.4. The positioning pin 5.6 is installed on both sides of the lower part of the upper frame 2 via a cylinder 5.7. Adjusting the cylinder 5.7 and the corresponding handle 5.8 can adjust the height of the positioning pin 5.6 so that it falls into the corresponding positioning hole of the fender, thereby clamping the fender with the profile block 5.5. The linkage mechanism 6 includes a fixed base 6.1 and two third drive units 6.2. The fixed end of the third drive unit 6.2 is fixed on the fixed base 6.1, and the drive end of the third drive unit 6.2 is connected to the clamping arm 5.4 of the clamping mechanism 5. The first drive unit 3.1, the second drive unit 4.4 and the third drive unit 6.2 can all be drive cylinders.

[0037] The present invention also provides an adaptive positioning method for a fender based on the above-mentioned fender positioning fixture, comprising the following steps:

[0038] First, place the fenders on the car body, but do not tighten the bolts in the corresponding positions.

[0039] After the initial assembly of the positioning fixture is completed, the positioning fixture is lifted to the top of the vehicle body by lifting equipment and lifting rod 1.1. First, the bottom frame 1 is positioned. The X and Y directions of the bottom frame 1 on the vehicle body are achieved by inserting the first guide pin 7.1 and the second guide pin 7.2 into the front wheel cover shock absorber mounting holes. The four Z directions are achieved by clamping the four clamping blocks 7.3 onto the vehicle body.

[0040] The Z-axis positioning of the upper frame 2 is achieved by its own weight being supported on the lower frame 1 by four first sliding parts 3.3. The X-axis positioning with the vehicle body is achieved by the sliding mechanism 3. The first driving part 3.1 is adjusted to drive the upper frame 2 to move along the X-axis. The limiting pin of the limiting part 3.2 is inserted between the door and the fender. When the upper frame 2 moves to its maximum stroke along the X-axis, the limiting pin 3.2 just abuts against the door, and the X-axis positioning is achieved at this time. The Y-axis positioning with the vehicle body is achieved by the centering mechanism 4. The positioning process has been described above.

[0041] After the upper frame 2 is positioned, the next step is to position the fender parts on the clamping mechanism 5. The fender 8 is positioned in the X and Y directions by the protruding profile block 5.5 and the positioning pin 5.6 on the clamping mechanism 5. The positioning reference of the hood is then used to position the fender through the positioning holes (holes that mate with the positioning pin 5.6) to ensure the accurate relative position of the hood and the fender. During positioning, the X-direction position of the fender and the height of the positioning pin 5.6 are first finely adjusted so that the positioning pin 5.6 is inserted into the positioning hole on the fender, completing the X-direction positioning. Then, the linkage mechanism 6 is adjusted to clamp the arm until the profile block 5.5 on it presses the fender, completing the Y-direction positioning.

[0042] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Contents not described in detail in this specification belong to prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fender positioning tool characterized by: The application relates to a wing panel positioning device, which comprises a bottom layer frame, an upper layer frame and a centering mechanism, the bottom layer frame is provided with a positioning mechanism at the bottom for three-way positioning with a vehicle body, the upper layer frame is installed above the bottom layer frame through a sliding mechanism, the X-direction displacement of the upper layer frame relative to the vehicle body can be adjusted through the sliding mechanism, the centering mechanism is installed at the top of the upper layer frame, the Y-direction displacement of the upper layer frame relative to the vehicle body can be adjusted through the centering mechanism, clamping mechanisms for fixing wing panels are respectively arranged at the two sides of the upper layer frame, a linkage mechanism is further arranged on the upper layer frame, the two ends of the linkage mechanism are connected with the clamping mechanisms at the two sides respectively, and the X-direction and Y-direction displacements of the wing panels relative to the vehicle body can be adjusted through the linkage mechanism and the clamping mechanisms. The centering mechanism comprises left connecting rods, right connecting rods, a linkage rod, a second driving part, a first arm and a second arm, the second driving part is fixed on the upper layer frame, the first arm and the second arm are movably installed on the upper layer frame, the driving end of the second driving part is connected with one end of the linkage rod, the middle part of the linkage rod is movably connected with the upper layer frame, one end of the left connecting rod is connected with one end of the linkage rod, and the other end of the left connecting rod is connected with the first arm, one end of the right connecting rod is connected with the other end of the linkage rod, and the other end of the right connecting rod is connected with the second arm, the driving end of the second driving part drives the linkage rod to rotate, drives the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod to act, and further adjusts the Y-direction displacement of the first arm and the second arm relative to the upper layer frame, and the Y-direction displacement of the upper layer frame relative to the vehicle body is adjusted through the positional relationship between the first arm, the second arm and the vehicle body.

2. The fender positioning tool of claim 1, wherein: The positioning mechanism comprises first guide pins, second guide pins and a plurality of clamping blocks, the first guide pins and the second guide pins are respectively arranged at the two sides of the bottom of the bottom layer frame, the first guide pin is in a cylindrical structure, and the second guide pin is in a flat structure, the clamping block comprises a clamping part and a driving cylinder, the driving cylinder is fixed on the bottom of the bottom layer frame, and the opening and closing degrees of the clamping part can be adjusted through the driving end of the driving cylinder, so that the clamping part is clamped on the vehicle body.

3. The fender positioning tool of claim 1, wherein: The sliding mechanism comprises a first driving part, a limiting part and a first sliding part, the first driving part is installed on the bottom layer frame, the driving end of the first driving part is connected with the upper layer frame, the X-direction displacement of the upper layer frame is adjusted through the first driving part, the limiting part is arranged at the two sides of the upper layer frame, the maximum stroke of the X-direction displacement of the upper layer frame is limited through the positional relationship between the limiting part and the vehicle body, and the first sliding part is installed between the upper layer frame and the bottom layer frame.

4. The fender positioning tool of claim 3, wherein: The first sliding part comprises a mounting seat, an upper sliding end, an upper pressing block, a lower sliding end and a lower pressing block, the mounting seat is in a door-shaped structure, the mounting seat is fixed on the bottom layer frame, the upper pressing block is fixed on the bottom of the top end of the mounting seat, the lower sliding end is fixed on the top of the bottom end of the mounting seat, the upper sliding end and the lower pressing block are respectively fixed on the top and the bottom of the upper layer frame, the movable end of the upper sliding end is in sliding contact with the upper pressing block, and the movable end of the lower sliding end is in sliding contact with the lower pressing block.

5. The fender positioning tool of claim 1, wherein: The clamping mechanism is installed on the upper layer frame through a second sliding part, the second sliding part comprises a sliding rod and a sliding groove, the sliding groove is fixed on the upper layer frame, and the sliding rod is fixed on the clamping mechanism and is in sliding cooperation with the sliding groove.

6. The fender positioning tool of claim 1, wherein: The clamping mechanism includes a clamping arm, a positioning pin, and a profile block. The top of the clamping arm is connected to the linkage mechanism, the positioning pin is fixed to the bottom inner side of the clamping arm, and the profile block is installed on both sides of the lower part of the upper frame. The fender is clamped by the positioning pin and the profile block.

7. The fender positioning tool of claim 1, wherein: The linkage mechanism includes a fixed base and two third drive units. The fixed end of the third drive unit is fixed to the fixed base, and the drive end of the third drive unit is connected to the clamping mechanism.

8. The fender positioning tool of claim 1, wherein: Both the upper and lower frames are grid-type frames formed by connecting multiple horizontal and vertical bars.

9. A fender self-adaptive positioning method based on the fender positioning tool of claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Pre-install the fenders on the vehicle body; The underlying frame is fixed to the vehicle body using a positioning mechanism; Adjust the sliding mechanism to move the upper frame along the X direction until the limiting part on the sliding mechanism abuts the front end of the vehicle body; Adjust the centering mechanism to move the upper frame along the Y direction until the first and second arms of the centering mechanism are both in contact with the doors on both sides; Adjust the linkage mechanism and clamping mechanism to position the fender in the X and Y directions so that the fender reaches the positioning point.

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