A horizontal displacement monitoring device for foundation pits

Abstract

This application discloses a horizontal displacement monitoring device for foundation pits, relating to the field of foundation pit horizontal displacement monitoring technology. It includes a scale and a ruler sleeve. A first insert rod is installed on the bottom surface of the scale, and a second insert rod is installed on the bottom surface of the ruler sleeve. The scale is marked with graduations. A sliding cavity is formed inside the ruler sleeve, extending through the sleeve along its length. The scale is slidably installed within the sliding cavity along the length of the ruler sleeve. A transmission rod is installed at one end of the scale inside the ruler sleeve, and the transmission rod is slidably installed within the sliding cavity. A transmission block is slidably installed on the transmission rod, and a moving contact is installed on the transmission block. A stationary contact is installed at the end of the ruler sleeve away from the scale. A warning light is installed on the ruler sleeve. The warning light is electrically connected to both the moving and stationary contacts. When the moving and stationary contacts come into contact, the warning light forms a closed circuit and illuminates. This application effectively conveys a warning to construction personnel that the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit has reached a critical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of foundation pit horizontal displacement monitoring technology, and in particular to a foundation pit horizontal displacement monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] An excavation pit refers to a pit dug at the designed location of a building foundation, according to the base elevation and foundation dimensions. Horizontal displacement of an excavation pit refers to the horizontal displacement of the pit's slope crest. By monitoring this horizontal displacement, construction workers can analyze the stress and deformation trends within the soil surrounding the pit's slope crest. This allows them to identify potential safety hazards early and take timely emergency measures, thereby reducing economic losses and personnel casualties during construction.

[0003] Existing foundation pit horizontal displacement monitoring devices can usually only measure the amount of horizontal displacement of the foundation pit. When the foundation pit horizontal displacement monitoring device shows that the displacement has reached the critical value, it is not convenient to transmit a warning signal to the construction personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to facilitate the communication of warnings to construction workers that the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit has reached a critical value, this application provides a foundation pit horizontal displacement monitoring device.

[0005] This application provides a foundation pit horizontal displacement monitoring device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A horizontal displacement monitoring device for a foundation pit includes a scale and a ruler sleeve. A first insert rod is mounted on the bottom surface of the scale, and a second insert rod is mounted on the bottom surface of the ruler sleeve. The scale is marked with graduations. A sliding cavity is formed inside the ruler sleeve, extending through the sleeve along its length. The scale is slidably mounted within the sliding cavity along the length of the ruler sleeve. A transmission rod is mounted at one end of the scale inside the ruler sleeve, and this transmission rod is slidably mounted within the sliding cavity. A transmission block is slidably mounted on the transmission rod, and a moving contact is mounted on the transmission block. A stationary contact is mounted at the end of the ruler sleeve furthest from the scale. A warning light is mounted on the ruler sleeve. The warning light is electrically connected to both the moving and stationary contacts. When the moving and stationary contacts come into contact, the warning light forms a closed circuit and illuminates.

[0007] Using the above technical solution, the operator first adjusts the distance between the transmission block and the stationary contact point according to the critical displacement value of the foundation pit soil, so that the distance between the moving contact point and the stationary contact point is equal to the critical displacement value of the foundation pit soil. Then, the first and second insertion rods are inserted into the soil to be monitored. When the foundation pit soil displaces, the soil moves either the first or the second insertion rod. At this time, the scale slides in the sliding cavity, and the operator can read the soil displacement according to the scale shown on the scale. When the soil displacement reaches the critical value, the moving and stationary contacts come into contact, and the warning light forms a closed circuit, thereby illuminating the warning light. This facilitates the communication of the warning that the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit has reached the critical value to the surrounding construction and monitoring personnel. At this time, the construction and monitoring personnel can evacuate the construction site in time and take emergency measures, thereby reducing the economic losses and casualties of the construction.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the present application may be further configured such that: the circumferential surface of the transmission rod is provided with threads, the transmission rod is threadedly connected to the end of the scale, and the stationary contact is detachably installed at the end of the scale sleeve.

[0009] With the above technical solution, when the operator needs to adjust the distance between the moving contact and the stationary contact according to the critical displacement value of the soil, the stationary contact is first removed, then the transmission rod is rotated to facilitate its removal. Next, the distance between the installation positions of the moving contact and the stationary contact is adjusted. Finally, the transmission rod and the stationary contact are installed in sequence to complete the distance between the moving contact and the stationary contact. This allows for the monitoring of different soil displacements based on the critical displacement values ​​of different soil types.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, this application can be further configured as follows: a driving cavity is provided inside the ruler sleeve, a through groove is provided on the top surface of the ruler sleeve, the through groove is connected to the driving cavity, a lifting plate is slidably installed in the driving cavity along the vertical direction, the warning light is installed on the top surface of the lifting plate, and a driving mechanism for driving the lifting plate to move vertically is provided in the driving cavity.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the warning light is located inside the drive cavity, which reduces the possibility of accidental damage to the warning light caused by construction equipment and strengthens the protection of the warning light. When the soil in the foundation pit is displaced, the drive mechanism drives the lifting plate to move upward. At this time, the warning light moves upward with the lifting plate so that the surrounding construction personnel and monitoring personnel can promptly detect the warning light.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the present application may be further configured such that: the driving mechanism includes a gear, a rack, and a lead screw; the gear is rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the driving cavity; the rack is mounted on the vertical side wall of the scale; the gear and the rack cooperate with each other; the lead screw is rotatably mounted in the driving cavity; and the lead screw and the gear are coaxially connected; and the lifting plate is threadedly connected to the lead screw.

[0013] With the above technical solution, when the soil in the foundation pit is displaced, the scale can drive the gear to rotate through the rack, the gear to rotate the lead screw, and the lead screw to move the lifting plate upward, so that the warning light can move upward with the lifting plate, making it easier for construction workers and monitoring personnel in the vicinity to notice the warning light in time.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, this application may be further configured such that: a guide rod is installed on the bottom wall of the drive cavity, the lifting plate is slidably installed on the guide rod, and the length direction of the guide rod is consistent with the length direction of the lead screw.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the lifting plate is guided by the guide rod, which reduces the possibility of the lifting plate rotating with the lead screw, thereby enabling the warning light to move upward with the lifting plate.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the present application may be further configured such that: a sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the through groove, and a sealing plate for sealing the through groove is slidably installed in the sealing groove.

[0017] The above technical solution, by setting up a closed plate, further strengthens the protection of the warning lights.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, this application may be further configured such that: a second gear is mounted on the top of the lead screw, the second gear and the lead screw are coaxially connected, and a second rack is mounted on the side wall of the closed plate, the second rack and the second gear cooperating with each other.

[0019] With the above technical solution, when the soil in the foundation pit is displaced, the scale can drive the first gear to rotate through the rack, the first gear to rotate the lead screw, the lead screw to rotate the second gear, and the second gear to drive the rack to move. At this time, the rack moves the closing plate in the closed groove, thereby opening the through groove so that the warning light of the warning light can radiate to the surrounding area and convey warning information.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the present application may be further configured such that the device also includes another scale and another scale sleeve, each scale having a connecting component at one end away from the scale sleeve, and the two scales being connected as a whole by the connecting component.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, this device is equipped with two sets of scales and scale sleeves to facilitate the monitoring of displacement in different directions of the foundation pit. For example, if this device is installed at the corner of the foundation pit, it can monitor the displacement of the soil on the two adjacent sides of the corner of the foundation pit.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the present application may be further configured such that: the connecting component includes a connecting rod, the connecting rod includes a straight segment and a curved segment, the curved segments of the two connecting rods are hinged to each other, and the two straight segments are installed on the two scales in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, on the one hand, the operator can adjust the angle between the two scales according to the angle at the corner of the foundation pit, so as to monitor the soil displacement of the foundation pit at different corner angles; on the other hand, when the device is not in use, the operator can hold the scale sleeve and rotate it until the two scale sleeves are in a state where their relative inner sides fit together, so as to reduce the space occupied by the device and facilitate storage.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the present application may be further configured such that: a sliding hole is provided at the end of the scale away from the scale sleeve, and the end of the straight segment away from the curved segment is slidably installed in the sliding hole.

[0025] With the above technical solution, when one set of scales slides in the sliding cavity due to soil displacement, the straight section of the connecting rod also slides in the sliding hole of the scale. This reduces the interference of this scale on the displacement monitoring of the other scale, thereby improving the accuracy of displacement monitoring of this device.

[0026] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. When the soil displacement reaches the critical value, the moving contact and the stationary contact come into contact, and the warning light forms a closed circuit, thereby illuminating the warning light to convey the warning that the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit has reached the critical value to the surrounding construction and monitoring personnel.

[0028] 2. Operators can adjust the distance between the moving and stationary contacts according to the critical displacement values ​​of different soil types, thereby monitoring the displacement of different soil types;

[0029] 3. The warning light is located inside the drive chamber and is protected by a sealing plate, enhancing its protection. Furthermore, the warning light can move upwards in conjunction with the drive mechanism and a scale, making it easier for nearby construction and monitoring personnel to promptly spot its warning light.

[0030] 4. By setting up connecting rods, on the one hand, soil displacement in different directions can be monitored; on the other hand, the interference of one scale on the displacement monitoring of another scale can be reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application, mainly illustrating the construction of the connecting components, the scale, and the ruler sleeve.

[0032] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction mainly illustrates the structure of the transmission rod and the sliding cavity.

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of part B mainly illustrates the structure of the conductive block, stationary contact, and moving contact.

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction. Figure 4 and Figure 2 They have the same cross-sectional direction but different depths.

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of part D in the diagram mainly illustrates the structure of the drive cavity, drive mechanism, and warning light.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] 1. Scale; 11. Insert rod one; 12. Sliding hole; 2. Scale sleeve; 21. Insert rod two; 22. Sliding cavity; 23. Stationary contact; 24. Drive cavity; 241. Guide rod; 25. Through groove; 26. Closed groove; 3. Transmission rod; 31. Transmission block; 311. Moving contact; 4. Warning light; 41. Lifting plate; 5. Drive mechanism; 51. Gear one; 52. Rack one; 53. Lead screw; 531. Gear two; 6. Closed plate; 61. Rack two; 7. Connecting assembly; 71. Connecting rod; 711. Straight section; 712. Curved section. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0039] This application discloses a device for monitoring the horizontal displacement of a foundation pit. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes two rulers 1 and two ruler sleeves 2, with one ruler 1 and one ruler sleeve 2 arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The cross-section of both the ruler sleeve 2 and the ruler 1 is rectangular. The top surface of each ruler 1 is marked with graduations, and the bottom surface is fixedly connected to a first insertion rod 11. The bottom surface of each ruler sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to a second insertion rod 21. The bottom of both the first insertion rod 11 and the second insertion rod 21 are pointed to facilitate insertion into the soil. Each ruler sleeve 2 has a sliding cavity 22 inside, and the sliding cavity 22 extends through the ruler sleeve 2 along its length. The two rulers 1 are slidably installed in the corresponding sliding cavities 22 along the length of the two ruler sleeves 2, one for each ruler 1. Each scale 1 has a connecting component 7 at the end away from the scale sleeve 2. The two scales 1 are connected as a whole by the connecting component 7. The connecting component 7 includes a connecting rod 71, which includes an integrally formed straight segment 711 and a curved segment 712. The curved segments 712 of the two connecting rods 71 ​​are hinged to each other. Each scale 1 has a sliding hole 12 at the end away from the scale sleeve 2. The length direction of the sliding hole 12 is consistent with the length direction of the straight segment 711. The end of the straight segment 711 away from the curved segment 712 is slidably installed in the sliding hole 12 along the length direction of the sliding hole 12.

[0040] When operators need to monitor the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit, they first align the end face of the ruler 2 near the scale 1 with the zero mark of the scale 1. Then, they rotate one of the ruler 2 so that the displacement direction of either ruler 2 is consistent with that of the soil to be monitored. Next, they insert the first insertion rod 11 and the second insertion rod 21 into the soil to be monitored. When the soil in the foundation pit is displaced, the soil will cause the first insertion rod 11 or the second insertion rod 21 to be displaced. At this time, the scale 1 slides in the sliding cavity 22. The operator can read the amount of soil displacement according to the scale shown on the scale 1.

[0041] When the device is not in use, the operator can rotate the two ruler sleeves 2 so that the inner sidewalls of the two ruler sleeves 2 fit together, thereby reducing the space occupied by the device and making it easier to store.

[0042] Since the two rulers 1 have the same structure and the two ruler sleeves 2 have the same structure, only one ruler 1 and its corresponding ruler sleeve 2 will be described in detail below, while the other ruler 1 and its corresponding ruler sleeve 2 will not be described in detail.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a guide rod 3 is installed at one end of the scale 1 inside the scale sleeve 2. The length direction of the guide rod 3 is consistent with the length direction of the scale 1. The guide rod 3 is slidably installed in the sliding cavity 22 along the length direction of the sliding cavity 22. The circumferential surface of the guide rod 3 is provided with threads. The guide rod 3 is threadedly connected to the end of the scale 1 near the scale sleeve 2.

[0044] Reference Figure 4and Figure 5 As shown, the ruler sleeve 2 has two driving cavities 24, which are located on both sides of the sliding cavity 22. The top surface of the ruler sleeve 2 has two through slots 25, which connect to the two driving cavities 24 respectively. Each driving cavity 24 has a vertically sliding lifting plate 41, and each lifting plate 41 is equipped with a warning light 4 that can emit a warning signal. The through slot 25 is located directly above the warning light 4. Combined with... Figure 3 Two transmission blocks 31 are slidably installed on the transmission rod 3 along its length. Moving contacts 311 are installed on the inner sides of the two transmission blocks 31 respectively. The two moving contacts 311 are electrically connected to the two warning lights 4 one-to-one. A stationary contact 23 is detachably installed on the end of the ruler sleeve 2 away from the scale 1. Both sides of the stationary contact 23 can conduct electrical signals. The stationary contact 23 is electrically connected to the two warning lights 4. The two moving contacts 311 are symmetrically arranged about the stationary contact 23. After the moving contacts 311 and the stationary contact 23 come into contact with each other, they form a closed circuit and emit a warning signal.

[0045] Before inserting rod 11 and rod 21 into the soil, the operator first removes the static contact 23, then rotates and removes the transmission rod 3. Based on the critical displacement value of the foundation pit soil, the operator moves two transmission blocks 31 on the transmission rod 3 so that the distance between the installation positions of the moving contact 311 and the static contact 23 is equal to the critical displacement value of the foundation pit soil. Then, the operator installs the transmission rod 3 so that the installation positions of the two transmission blocks 31 are symmetrical about the static contact 23. Next, the operator installs the static contact 23 at the end of the ruler sleeve 2. Finally, the operator inserts rod 11 and rod 21 into the soil to complete the setup and installation of this device.

[0046] When the soil displacement reaches the critical value, that is, when the soil displacement is equal to the distance between the moving contact 311 and the stationary contact 23, one of the moving contact 311 and the stationary contact 23 will come into contact. At this time, the corresponding warning light 4 will form a closed loop and convey the warning that the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit has reached the critical value to the surrounding construction personnel and monitoring personnel. At this time, the construction personnel and monitoring personnel can evacuate the construction site in time and take emergency measures, thereby reducing the economic losses and casualties of the construction.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, each drive cavity 24 is equipped with a drive mechanism 5 for driving the lifting plate 41 to move vertically. The following description focuses on the drive mechanism 5 in one of the drive cavities 24. The drive mechanism 5 includes a gear 51 rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the drive cavity 24, a rack 52 fixedly connected to the vertical side wall of the scale 1, and a lead screw 53 rotatably mounted in the drive cavity 24. The length direction of the rack 52 is consistent with the length direction of the scale 1, and the gear 51 and rack 52 mesh with each other. The lead screw 53 is coaxially connected to the gear 51. The lifting plate 41 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 53. A guide rod 241 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the drive cavity 24, and the lifting plate 41 is slidably mounted on the guide rod 241. The length direction of the guide rod 241 is consistent with the length direction of the lead screw 53.

[0048] When the soil in the foundation pit moves along the length of the scale 1, the first insertion rod 11 or the second insertion rod 21 moves relative to each other. The scale 1 moves relative to each other in the sliding cavity 22. The scale 1 can drive the gear 51 to rotate through the rack 52. The gear 51 drives the lead screw 53 to rotate. The lifting plate 41 moves upward with the cooperation of the lead screw 53 and the guide rod 241, so that the warning light 4 can move upward with the lifting plate 41, making it easier for the surrounding construction personnel and monitoring personnel to notice the warning light of the warning light 4 in time.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, each through groove 25 has a sealing groove 26 on its inner wall. A sealing plate 6 is slidably installed in the sealing groove 26 along the horizontal direction. The sealing plate 6 is used to seal the through groove 25, thereby strengthening the protection of the warning light 4. A gear 531 is coaxially connected to the top of the lead screw 53, and a rack 61 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sealing plate 6. The gear 531 and the rack 61 mesh with each other.

[0050] When the soil in the foundation pit shifts, the scale 1 can drive the gear 51 to rotate through the rack 52, the gear 51 drives the lead screw 53 to rotate, the lead screw 53 drives the gear 531 to rotate, and the gear 531 drives the rack 61 to move. At this time, the rack 61 drives the closing plate 6 to move in the closing groove 26, thereby opening the through groove 25 so that the warning light 4 can radiate the warning light to the surrounding area and convey the warning information.

[0051] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: When the operator needs to monitor the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit soil using this device, firstly, align the end face of the ruler 2 near the scale 1 with the zero mark of the scale 1, rotate one of the ruler 2 so that the displacement direction of either ruler 2 is consistent with that of the soil to be monitored, then remove the static contact 23, rotate the transmission rod 3 and remove the transmission rod 3, and move the two transmission blocks 31 according to the critical displacement value of the foundation pit soil so that the distance between the installation positions of the moving contact 311 and the static contact 23 is equal to the critical displacement value of the foundation pit soil. Then, install the transmission rod 3 so that the installation positions of the two transmission blocks 31 are symmetrical about the static contact 23. Finally, install the static contact 23 at the end of the ruler 2 and insert the first insertion rod 11 and the second insertion rod 21 into the soil to complete the setup and installation of this device.

[0052] When the soil in the foundation pit is displaced, the soil will cause the insertion rod 11 or insertion rod 21 to be displaced. At this time, the scale 1 slides in the sliding cavity 22, and the operator can read the amount of soil displacement according to the scale shown on the scale 1.

[0053] When the soil displacement reaches the critical value, that is, when the soil displacement is equal to the distance between the moving contact 311 and the stationary contact 23, one of the moving contact 311 and the stationary contact 23 will come into contact. At this time, the corresponding warning light 4 will form a closed loop and convey the warning to the construction personnel and monitoring personnel in the surrounding area that the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit has reached the critical value. The construction personnel and monitoring personnel can evacuate the construction site in time and take emergency measures, thereby reducing the economic losses and casualties of the construction.

[0054] During the movement of the scale 1 within the sliding cavity 22, on one hand, the scale 1 can drive the gear 51 to rotate via the rack 52, the gear 51 drives the lead screw 53 to rotate, the lead screw 53 drives the gear 531 to rotate, and the gear 531 drives the rack 61 to move. At this time, the rack 61 drives the closing plate 6 to move within the closing groove 26, thereby opening the through groove 25. On the other hand, the scale 1 can drive the gear 51 to rotate via the rack 52, the gear 51 drives the lead screw 53 to rotate, and the lifting plate 41 moves upward under the cooperation of the lead screw 53 and the guide rod 241, thereby enabling the warning light 4 to move upward with the lifting plate 41, so that the warning signal of the warning light 4 can radiate to the surrounding area and convey warning information.

[0055] When the device is not in use, the operator can rotate it to the ruler sleeve 2 so that the inner sidewalls of the two ruler sleeves 2 fit together, thereby reducing the space occupied by the device and making it easier to store.

[0056] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring horizontal displacement of a foundation pit, characterized in that: The device includes two sets of scales (1) and a ruler sleeve (2). Each set of scales (1) has a first insert (11) mounted on its bottom surface, and each set of ruler sleeves (2) has a second insert (21) mounted on its bottom surface. The scales (1) are marked with graduations. Each ruler sleeve (2) has a sliding cavity (22) extending through it along its length. The scales (1) are slidably mounted within the sliding cavity (22) along the length of the ruler sleeve (2). A guide rod (3) is mounted on one end of the scales (1) inside the ruler sleeve (2). The guide rod (3) is slidably mounted within the sliding cavity (22). A guide block (31) is slidably mounted on the guide rod (3), and a moving contact (311) is mounted on the guide block (31). The ruler sleeve (2)... A stationary contact (23) is installed at the end away from the scale (1). A warning light (4) is installed on the scale sleeve (2). The warning light (4) is electrically connected to the moving contact (311) and the stationary contact (23). After the moving contact (311) and the stationary contact (23) come into contact with each other, the warning light (4) forms a closed circuit and lights up. A connecting component (7) is provided at the end of each scale (1) away from the scale sleeve (2). Two scales (1) are connected as a whole by the connecting component (7). The connecting component (7) includes a connecting rod (71). The connecting rod (71) includes a straight segment (711) and a curved segment (712). The curved segments (712) of the two connecting rods (71) are hinged to each other. The two straight segments (711) are installed one-to-one on the two scales (1). A sliding hole (12) is provided at one end away from the ruler sleeve (2), and the straight segment (711) is slidably installed in the sliding hole (12) at the end away from the curved segment (712).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential surface of the transmission rod (3) is provided with threads, the transmission rod (3) is threaded to the end of the scale (1), and the stationary contact (23) is detachably installed at the end of the ruler sleeve (2).

3. The foundation pit horizontal displacement monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ruler sleeve (2) has a drive cavity (24) inside, and a through groove (25) is provided on the top surface of the ruler sleeve (2). The through groove (25) is connected to the drive cavity (24). A lifting plate (41) is slidably installed in the drive cavity (24) along the vertical direction. The warning light (4) is installed on the top surface of the lifting plate (41). A drive mechanism (5) for driving the lifting plate (41) to move vertically is provided in the drive cavity (24).

4. The foundation pit horizontal displacement monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (5) includes a gear (51), a rack (52), and a lead screw (53). The gear (51) is rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the drive cavity (24), the rack (52) is mounted on the vertical side wall of the scale (1), the gear (51) and the rack (52) cooperate with each other, the lead screw (53) is rotatably mounted in the drive cavity (24), and the lead screw (53) and the gear (51) are coaxially connected. The lifting plate (41) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (53).

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide rod (241) is installed on the bottom wall of the drive cavity (24), and the lifting plate (41) is slidably installed on the guide rod (241). The length direction of the guide rod (241) is consistent with the length direction of the lead screw (53).

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the through groove (25) is provided with a sealing groove (26). A sealing plate (6) for sealing the through groove (25) is slidably installed in the sealing groove (26). A gear two (531) is installed on the top of the lead screw (53). The gear two (531) and the lead screw (53) are coaxially connected. A rack two (61) is installed on the side wall of the sealing plate (6). The rack two (61) and the gear two (531) cooperate with each other.

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