A variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device with unidirectional energy transmission and a design method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device and design method for unidirectional energy transmission, which comprises a first ratchet mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an elastic element and a damping element. The first ratchet mechanism is used for connecting between a controlled structure and the transmission mechanism, the first ratchet mechanism is connected with the elastic element, the transmission mechanism is connected with the damping element, and the movement of the controlled structure can make the first ratchet mechanism rotate, so that the elastic element stores energy. When the elastic element releases energy, the damping element can work through the transmission mechanism. The present application makes the first ratchet mechanism intervene in the vibration of the controlled structure unidirectionally, so that the elastic element absorbs the vibration energy of the controlled structure when intervening, and restores the deformation to release energy when not intervening. Through the unidirectional conduction characteristics of the transmission mechanism and the first ratchet mechanism, the energy released by the elastic element can only be dissipated by the damping element and cannot be transmitted back to the controlled structure, so as to realize the unidirectional transmission of the vibration energy of the controlled structure and maximize the consumption of the vibration energy of the controlled structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of structural vibration reduction and energy dissipation, and particularly relates to a variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device with unidirectional energy transmission and a design method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Structures are prone to vibration under dynamic load, and structural vibration control is an important technology to ensure the safety of structures. By adding some energy dissipation devices to the structure, the dynamic response of the structure under external load is reduced, and the safety of the structure is ensured. TMD (Tuned Mass Damper, Tuned Mass Damper) is widely used in practical engineering due to its low cost, easy installation, and good vibration reduction performance.

[0003] The TMD is composed of a mass block, a spring unit and a damping unit. When the structure vibrates, most of the vibration energy of the controlled structure is transmitted to the TMD mass block through the spring unit, and energy dissipation is achieved through the damping unit installed between the TMD mass and the controlled structure.

[0004] However, due to the limited energy dissipation efficiency, the remaining kinetic energy on the TMD mass block will be transmitted back to the controlled structure through the spring unit, which will result in insufficient vibration energy dissipation of the controlled structure and still in a large vibration state. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a device that can maximize the dissipation of vibration energy of the controlled structure. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the problem that the remaining kinetic energy on the traditional TMD mass block is transmitted back to the controlled structure through the spring unit, which will result in insufficient vibration energy dissipation of the controlled structure and still in a large vibration state, and provides a variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device with unidirectional energy transmission and a design method.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device with unidirectional energy transmission, which comprises a first ratchet mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an elastic element and a damping element. The first ratchet mechanism is connected between the controlled structure and the transmission mechanism. The first ratchet mechanism is connected to the elastic element, and the transmission mechanism is connected to the damping element. The movement of the controlled structure can make the first ratchet mechanism rotate, so that the elastic element stores energy. When the elastic element releases energy, it can make the damping element work through the transmission mechanism.

[0008] The energy one-way transmission variable stiffness damping mechanical device has the advantages that the first ratchet mechanism is arranged to intervene in the vibration of the controlled structure in one direction, the elastic element can absorb the vibration energy of the controlled structure when the elastic element intervenes, and the elastic element can restore deformation and release energy when the elastic element does not intervene; the energy released by the elastic element can only be dissipated by the damping element due to the one-way transmission characteristics of the transmission mechanism and the first ratchet mechanism, and the energy is not transmitted back to the controlled structure, so that the vibration energy of the controlled structure is transmitted in one direction; and the stiffness of the system structure is changed by the action of the elastic element and the damping element, the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, good effect, and maximum consumption of the vibration energy of the controlled structure.

[0009] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the first ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet bar and a first rotating wheel, the first rotating wheel is provided with a plurality of first pawls capable of cooperating with the ratchet bar, the first rotating wheel is connected with the elastic element, the ratchet bar is used for connecting the controlled structure, the first rotating wheel is connected with the transmission mechanism, the ratchet bar can drive the first rotating wheel to rotate, and the first rotating wheel drives the elastic element to store energy.

[0010] As a further preferred technical scheme of the present application, the elastic element is a torsion spring.

[0011] As a further preferred technical scheme of the present application, the transmission mechanism is a second ratchet mechanism, a gear mechanism, a friction wheel mechanism or a synchronous pulley mechanism.

[0012] As a further preferred technical scheme of the present application, the second ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel and a second rotating wheel, the first rotating wheel and the ratchet wheel are coaxially arranged, the second rotating wheel is provided with a plurality of second pawls capable of cooperating with the ratchet wheel, and the second rotating wheel is connected with the damping element, the elastic element can drive the ratchet wheel to rotate and drive the second rotating wheel to rotate when the elastic element releases energy.

[0013] As a further preferred technical scheme of the present application, the damping element is a rotary damper.

[0014] As a further preferred technical scheme of the present application, the rotary damper is a liquid damper, a gas damper or an electromagnetic damper.

[0015] As a further preferred technical scheme of the present application, the electromagnetic damper comprises a conductor plate and a permanent magnet, the second rotating wheel comprises a rotating shaft and a shell in rotating cooperation with the rotating shaft, the second pawls are connected outside the shell, the conductor plate is connected inside the shell, and the permanent magnet is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0016] As a further preferred technical scheme of the present application, the rotating shaft is provided with a bracket, and the permanent magnet is connected to the rotating shaft through the bracket.

[0017] As a further preferred technical solution of the present application, the gear mechanism comprises a first gear and a second gear engaged with the first gear, the first rotating wheel and the first gear are coaxially arranged, the second gear is connected with the damping element, and the elastic element can drive the first gear to rotate and further drive the second gear to rotate when the elastic element is unloaded.

[0018] As a further preferred technical solution of the present application, the friction wheel mechanism comprises a first friction wheel and a second friction wheel, the first rotating wheel and the first friction wheel are coaxially arranged, the first friction wheel and the second friction wheel are in contact and frictionally driven, the second friction wheel is connected with the damping element, and the elastic element can drive the first friction wheel to rotate and further drive the second friction wheel to rotate when the elastic element is unloaded.

[0019] As a further preferred technical solution of the present application, the synchronous belt wheel mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the first rotating wheel and the driving wheel are coaxially arranged, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected through a synchronous belt, the driven wheel is connected with the damping element, and the elastic element can drive the driving wheel to rotate and further drive the driven wheel to rotate when the elastic element is unloaded.

[0020] As a further preferred technical solution of the present application, the synchronous belt is a belt, and the belt is tensioned to connect the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0021] As a further preferred technical solution of the present application, the synchronous belt is a chain, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are sprockets, and the sprockets are engaged to connect the chain.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a design method of the variable stiffness damping mechanical device with one-way energy transmission as described above, the elastic element is a torsional spring, and the additional damping ratio of the controlled structure is:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, k is the stiffness of the controlled structure, m is the mass of the controlled structure, is the elastic stiffness of the torsional spring, I1 is the moment of inertia of the first rotating wheel and the ratchet wheel, and r1 is the radius of the first rotating wheel.

[0025] The design method of the variable stiffness damping mechanical device with one-way energy transmission provided by the present application uses a double ratchet structure, and by adjusting the elastic stiffness of the torsional spring, the moment of inertia of the first rotating wheel and the ratchet wheel, and the radius of the first rotating wheel, an additional damping ratio required by the controlled structure can be designed.

[0026] In summary, by adopting the technical scheme, the application has the advantages of:

[0027] 1. The energy unidirectional transmission variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device can make the elastic element absorb the vibration energy of the controlled structure when intervening, and restore the deformation to release the energy when not intervening, by setting the first ratchet mechanism to intervene the vibration of the controlled structure unidirectionally, so that the energy released by the elastic element can only be dissipated by the damping element and cannot be transmitted back to the controlled structure, thereby realizing the unidirectional transmission of the vibration energy of the controlled structure, and the stiffness of the system structure is changed by the action of the elastic element and the damping element, so that the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, good effect and maximized consumption of the vibration energy of the controlled structure.

[0028] 2. The design method of the energy unidirectional transmission variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device uses a double ratchet structure, and by adjusting the elastic stiffness of the torsional spring, the moment of inertia of the first runner and the ratchet, and the radius of the first runner, an additional damping ratio required by the controlled structure can be designed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic diagram of the energy unidirectional transmission variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device in embodiment 1.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of the second runner and the damping element in embodiment 1.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first stage of the working principle in embodiment 1.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the second stage of the working principle in embodiment 1.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the third stage of the working principle in embodiment 1.

[0034] Markings in the figure: 1-ratchet bar, 2-ratchet, 3-torsional spring, 4-first pawl, 5-first runner, 6-second pawl, 7-second runner, 8-housing, 9-conductor plate, 10-permanent magnet, 11-bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0036] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] As shown in the drawings, the present application provides a variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device with one-way energy transmission, which comprises a first ratchet mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an elastic element and a damping element. Figures 1 to 5 The first ratchet mechanism is used to be connected between a controlled structure and the transmission mechanism, the first ratchet mechanism is connected with the elastic element, the transmission mechanism is connected with the damping element, and the movement of the controlled structure can drive the first ratchet mechanism to rotate, so that the elastic element stores energy, and the elastic element can drive the damping element to work through the transmission mechanism when the elastic element releases energy.

[0039] In this embodiment, as shown in the drawings, the first ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet bar 1 and a first rotating wheel 5, the first rotating wheel 5 is provided with a plurality of first pawls 4 capable of cooperating with the ratchet bar 1, the first rotating wheel 5 is connected with the elastic element, the ratchet bar 1 is used to be connected with the controlled structure, the first rotating wheel 5 is connected with the transmission mechanism, the ratchet bar 1 can drive the first rotating wheel 5 to rotate, the first rotating wheel 5 drives the elastic element to store energy, and the elastic element is a torsion spring 3.

[0040] Figure 1 In a specific embodiment, as shown in the drawings, the ratchet bar 1 comprises a ratchet area and a smooth plate area.

[0041] In this embodiment, as shown in the drawings, the transmission mechanism is a second ratchet mechanism, the second ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel 2 and a second rotating wheel 7, the first rotating wheel 5 and the ratchet wheel 2 are coaxially arranged, the second rotating wheel 7 is provided with a plurality of second pawls 6 capable of cooperating with the ratchet wheel 2, the second rotating wheel 7 is connected with the damping element, the elastic element can drive the ratchet wheel 2 to rotate when the elastic element releases energy, and the second rotating wheel 7 is driven to rotate, the damping element is a rotary damper, and the rotary damper is a liquid damper, a gas damper or an electromagnetic damper. Figure 1 In a specific embodiment, as shown in the drawings, the ratchet bar 1 comprises a ratchet area and a smooth plate area.

[0042] Figure 1 In this embodiment, as shown in the drawings, the transmission mechanism is a second ratchet mechanism, the second ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel 2 and a second rotating wheel 7, the first rotating wheel 5 and the ratchet wheel 2 are coaxially arranged, the second rotating wheel 7 is provided with a plurality of second pawls 6 capable of cooperating with the ratchet wheel 2, the second rotating wheel 7 is connected with the damping element, the elastic element can drive the ratchet wheel 2 to rotate when the elastic element releases energy, and the second rotating wheel 7 is driven to rotate, the damping element is a rotary damper, and the rotary damper is a liquid damper, a gas damper or an electromagnetic damper.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, as shown in the drawings, the ratchet bar 1 comprises a ratchet area and a smooth plate area. Figure 2 ​​As shown, the electromagnetic damper includes a conductor plate 9 and a permanent magnet 10. The second rotating wheel 7 includes a rotating shaft and a housing 8 that rotates with the rotating shaft. The second pawl 6 is connected to the outside of the housing 8, and the conductor plate 9 is connected to the inside of the housing 8. A bracket 11 is provided on the rotating shaft, and the permanent magnet 10 is connected to the rotating shaft through the bracket 11. Both the housing 8 and the bracket 11 are steel structures, which can increase the magnetic flux.

[0044] The working principle of this variable stiffness vibration damping device that transmits energy in one direction is as follows:

[0045] Phase 1, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the controlled structure does not vibrate, it is in equilibrium position. At this time, the first pawl 4 is located at the junction of the ratchet area and the smooth plate area of ​​the ratchet 1. The left side of the ratchet 1 in the figure is the ratchet area, and the right side is the smooth plate area. When the ratchet 1 moves to the right with the controlled structure, the ratchet on the ratchet 1 slides over the first pawl 4. The first rotating wheel 5 will not rotate with the movement of the ratchet 1, the torsion spring 3 will not undergo elastic deformation, and the ratchet 2, the housing 8, and the conductor plate 9 will not rotate.

[0046] The second stage, such as Figure 4 As shown, under the drive of the controlled structure, the ratchet 1 turns around and moves to the left after reaching the rightmost end. At this time, the ratchet teeth on the ratchet 1 insert into the first pawl 4 to drive the first rotating wheel 5 and the ratchet 2 to rotate clockwise. The rotation of the first rotating wheel 5 causes the torsion spring 3 to undergo elastic deformation and store energy. The kinetic energy generated by the vibration of the controlled structure is converted into the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring 3. When the ratchet 2 rotates, the ratchet teeth on the ratchet 2 slide over the second pawl 6. The housing 8 and the conductor plate 9 do not rotate with the rotation of the ratchet 2.

[0047] The third stage, such as Figure 5 As shown, under the drive of the controlled structure, the ratchet 1 returns to the equilibrium position and continues to move to the left. At this time, the first pawl 4 separates from the ratchet teeth on the ratchet 1. The first pawl 4 corresponds to the light plate area, and the elastic potential energy stored in the torsion spring 3 is released, thereby driving the first rotating wheel 5 and the ratchet 2 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the ratchet teeth on the ratchet 2 insert into the second pawl 6 to drive the housing 8 to rotate clockwise, driving the conductor plate 9 to move relative to the permanent magnet 10, thereby cutting the magnetic field lines generated by the permanent magnet 10 and dissipating eddy current energy.

[0048] The variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device with one-way energy transmission provided by the embodiment can intervene in the vibration of the controlled structure in one direction through the first ratchet mechanism, so that the elastic element can absorb the vibration energy of the controlled structure when intervening, and can restore the deformation to release the energy when not intervening, the energy released by the elastic element can only be dissipated by the damping element due to the one-way conduction characteristics of the transmission mechanism and the first ratchet mechanism, and cannot be transmitted back to the controlled structure, so that one-way transmission of the vibration energy of the controlled structure is realized, and the stiffness of the system structure is changed by the action of the elastic element and the damping element. The device has simple structure, convenient use, good effect, and can maximize the consumption of the vibration energy of the controlled structure.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] As shown in Figures 1 to 5 The design method of the variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device with one-way energy transmission according to the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:

[0051] Let x0 be the amplitude of vibration of the controlled structure in any period, k be the stiffness of the controlled structure, E p be the elastic potential energy of the system, then E p can be represented as formula (1):

[0052]

[0053] The speed of the controlled structure at the maximum displacement position in the second stage is represented by , wherein m is the mass of the controlled structure, E k is the kinetic energy of the controlled structure, then E k can be represented as formula (2):

[0054]

[0055] is the maximum torsion angle of the torsion spring 3 when the controlled structure is at the maximum displacement position in the second stage, is the angular velocity of the rotation of the first runner 5 when the controlled structure is at the maximum displacement position in the second stage, E q is the energy transmitted by the controlled structure to the first runner 5 when the controlled structure returns to the equilibrium position, then E q can be represented as formula (3):

[0056]

[0057] wherein, is the elastic stiffness of the torsion spring 3, and I1 is the moment of inertia of the first runner 5 and the ratchet 2.

[0058] According to the law of conservation of energy:

[0059] E p = E k + E q (4)

[0060] By geometric relationship, it is known that:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] wherein r1 is the radius of the first runner 5.

[0064] Let x1 be the vibration amplitude of the next cycle, according to the energy conservation, it is known that:

[0065]

[0066] Let ζ be the additional damping ratio of the controlled structure, then:

[0067]

[0068] Substituting formula (1)-(7) into formula (8), the additional damping ratio of the controlled structure is:

[0069]

[0070] In actual engineering, the elastic stiffness of the torsional spring 3 can be designed by formula (9) The moment of inertia I1 of the first runner 5 and the ratchet wheel 2, the radius r1 of the first runner 5.

[0071] The design method of the variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device of one-way energy transmission in the embodiment uses a double ratchet structure, and by adjusting the elastic stiffness of the torsional spring 3, the moment of inertia of the first runner 5 and the ratchet wheel 2, and the radius of the first runner 5, the additional damping ratio required by the controlled structure can be designed.

[0072] Embodiment 3

[0073] The variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device of one-way energy transmission in the embodiment is different from that in embodiment 1, and the transmission mechanism in the embodiment is a gear mechanism.

[0074] The gear mechanism comprises a first gear and a second gear, the first gear and the second gear are engaged with each other, the first runner 5 and the first gear are coaxially arranged, the second gear is connected to the damping element, the damping element is an electromagnetic damper, the elastic element can drive the first gear to rotate to drive the second gear to rotate when the elastic element is unloaded, and the elastic element is a torsional spring 3.

[0075] The working principle of the variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device with unidirectional energy transmission is as follows:

[0076] In the first stage, the ratchet bar 1 moves to the right, at this time, the ratchet on the ratchet bar 1 slides on the first pawl 4, the first rotating wheel 5 does not rotate with the movement of the ratchet bar 1, the torsional spring 3 does not elastically deform, and the first gear, the second gear and the conductor plate 9 also do not rotate.

[0077] In the second stage, the ratchet bar 1 moves to the left, at this time, the ratchet on the ratchet bar 1 inserts into the first pawl 4 to drive the first rotating wheel 5 and the first gear to rotate clockwise.

[0078] The rotation of the first rotating wheel 5 causes the torsional spring 3 to elastically deform and store energy, and the kinetic energy generated by the vibration of the controlled structure is converted into the elastic potential energy of the torsional spring 3.

[0079] The rotation of the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, drives the conductor plate 9 to move relative to the permanent magnet 10, and cuts the magnetic induction lines generated by the permanent magnet 10 to perform eddy current energy dissipation.

[0080] In the third stage, the ratchet bar 1 continues to move to the left, at this time, the first pawl 4 is separated from the ratchet on the ratchet bar 1, the elastic potential energy stored in the torsional spring 3 is released to drive the first rotating wheel 5 and the first gear to rotate counterclockwise, at this time, the first gear drives the second gear to rotate clockwise, drives the conductor plate 9 to move relative to the permanent magnet 10, and cuts the magnetic induction lines generated by the permanent magnet 10 to perform eddy current energy dissipation.

[0081] The variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device with unidirectional energy transmission can absorb the vibration energy of the controlled structure through the elastic element in the second stage of work, dissipate a part of the vibration energy through the damping element, and release the energy of the elastic element in the third stage of work, which is not transmitted back to the controlled structure, so that the unidirectional transmission of the vibration energy of the controlled structure is realized, and the energy absorption and dissipation time is reduced compared with the device of embodiment 1.

[0082] Embodiment 4

[0083] The variable stiffness vibration reduction mechanical device with unidirectional energy transmission is different from that of embodiment 3 in that the transmission mechanism in the embodiment is a friction wheel mechanism.

[0084] The friction wheel mechanism comprises a first friction wheel and a second friction wheel, the first rotating wheel 5 and the first friction wheel are coaxially arranged, the first friction wheel and the second friction wheel are in friction transmission, the second friction wheel is connected with the damping element, and the elastic element can drive the first friction wheel to rotate to drive the second friction wheel to rotate when the elastic element is unloaded.

[0085] Embodiment 5

[0086] The variable stiffness damping mechanical device with one-way energy transmission of the present application is different from the embodiment 3 or the embodiment 4 in that the transmission mechanism in the present embodiment is a synchronous pulley mechanism.

[0087] The synchronous pulley mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the first rotating wheel 5 and the driving wheel are coaxially arranged, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected through a synchronous belt, the first driven wheel is connected with the damping element, and the elastic element can drive the driving wheel to rotate to drive the driven wheel to rotate when the elastic element is unloaded.

[0088] In a specific embodiment, the synchronous belt is a belt, and the belt is connected in tension with the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0089] In a specific embodiment, the synchronous belt is a chain, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both sprockets, and the sprockets are engaged to connect the chain.

[0090] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device for unidirectional energy transmission, characterized in that, It includes a first ratchet mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an elastic element, and a damping element. The first ratchet mechanism is used to connect the controlled structure and the transmission mechanism. The first ratchet mechanism is connected to the elastic element, and the transmission mechanism is connected to the damping element. The movement of the controlled structure can cause the first ratchet mechanism to rotate, so that the elastic element stores energy. When the elastic element releases energy, it can cause the damping element to work through the transmission mechanism. The first ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet rack (1) and a first rotating wheel (5). The first rotating wheel (5) is provided with a plurality of first pawls (4) that can cooperate with the ratchet rack (1). The first rotating wheel (5) is connected to the elastic element. The ratchet rack (1) is used to connect to the controlled structure. The first rotating wheel (5) is connected to the transmission mechanism. The ratchet rack (1) can drive the first rotating wheel (5) to rotate. The rotation of the first rotating wheel (5) drives the elastic element to store energy. The transmission mechanism is a second ratchet mechanism, a gear mechanism, a friction wheel mechanism, or a synchronous belt pulley mechanism.

2. The variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device for unidirectional energy transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is a torsion spring (3).

3. The variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device for unidirectional energy transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet (2) and a second wheel (7). The first wheel (5) and the ratchet (2) are coaxially arranged. The second wheel (7) is provided with a plurality of second pawls (6) that can cooperate with the ratchet (2). The second wheel (7) is connected to the damping element. When the elastic element releases energy, it can drive the ratchet (2) to rotate and drive the second wheel (7) to rotate.

4. The variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device for unidirectional energy transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that, The damping element is a rotary damper.

5. The variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device for unidirectional energy transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating damper is a liquid damper, a gas damper, or an electromagnetic damper.

6. The variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device for unidirectional energy transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electromagnetic damper includes a conductor plate (9) and a permanent magnet (10). The second wheel (7) includes a shaft and a housing (8) that rotates with the shaft. The second pawl (6) is connected to the outside of the housing (8). The conductor plate (9) is connected to the inside of the housing (8). The permanent magnet (10) is connected to the shaft.

7. The variable stiffness vibration damping mechanical device for unidirectional energy transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear mechanism includes a first gear and a second gear meshing with the first gear. The first rotating wheel (5) and the first gear are coaxially arranged. The second gear is connected to the damping element. When the elastic element releases energy, it can drive the first gear to rotate and drive the second gear to rotate.

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