Portable chemical hydrogen production apparatus and use thereof
By designing a portable chemical hydrogen production device with a detachable hydrogen production box and water supply system, and combining internal heat exchange components and heat exchange channels for passive heat dissipation, the problems of limited water storage and poor heat dissipation effect are solved, enabling the device to be used multiple times and the hydrogen supply to be stable, and adapting to continuous operation in harsh environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING JINGFU TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing portable chemical hydrogen production equipment suffers from limited water storage, poor heat dissipation, and the inability to be recycled, which limits its application in remote areas and the field.
A portable chemical hydrogen production device was designed, which adopts a detachable hydrogen production box and a convenient water supply system. It uses internal heat exchange components and heat exchange channels for passive heat dissipation, utilizes external water sources for multiple cycles, and controls the hydrogen outlet pressure through a pressure regulating valve.
It achieves multiple uses of the equipment, energy-saving heat dissipation, and portability, adapts to continuous operation in harsh environments, and ensures the stability of hydrogen supply and the safety of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN116510640B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen production equipment technology, specifically a portable chemical hydrogen production device and its application. Background Technology
[0002] As fuel cell technology matures, its applications in transportation, power generation, and portable power supplies are becoming increasingly widespread. While eight key components—proton exchange membrane, carbon paper, membrane electrode assembly, fuel cell stack, and air compressor—are crucial to fuel cell performance, effective hydrogen storage is even more critical in practical applications, especially for portable fuel cells. Because hydrogen is flammable and has a very low ignition energy, its chemical reactivity and permeability allow it to react with various metals under certain conditions within a wide range of oxygen or air, causing embrittlement (hydrogen embrittlement) and frequently leading to leaks in hydrogen storage systems and ruptures in pipes and containers. Therefore, hydrogen storage technology is extremely important for fuel cells, especially small- to medium-power portable fuel cells. Currently, the main hydrogen supply methods, particularly for addressing the challenges of large-scale hydrogen use in remote areas or in the field, include: high-pressure gas cylinders and liquid hydrogen storage, methanol reforming for hydrogen production, solid-state hydrogen storage, carbon nanotube hydrogen storage, and chemical hydrogen production.
[0003] Among these, chemical hydrogen production is the most suitable solution for portable hydrogen production due to its low cost, low power consumption, simple process, strong controllability, convenient resupply, and high safety. Chemical hydrogen production allows control over the contact between the catalyst and the aqueous solution, controlling the occurrence and termination of the reaction, and simultaneously controlling the hydrogen production rate, i.e., controlling the amount of hydrogen produced. Currently, there are many types of chemical hydrogen production, mainly including metal-water hydrogen production, ferrosilicon powder hydrogen production, and borohydride hydrogen production, among others. Borohydrides have the highest theoretical hydrogen storage capacity; for example, the theoretical hydrogen storage capacity of common Mg(BH4)2 is 14.9%, and that of Al(BH4)3 is 16.9%. However, there is currently no simple and reliable chemical hydrogen production equipment, which hinders its application and promotion. Therefore, portable and reliable chemical hydrogen production equipment will promote the use of small and medium power supplies in the field or remote areas.
[0004] Existing technology, such as Chinese patent document CN 108264019 A (application number 201810062048.3), discloses a portable hydrogen production and supply device and a hydrogen fuel cell system, including an elastic water storage container, a pressure cap, and a reaction vessel. In use, the elastic water storage container is filled with water and sealed. The pressure applied to the elastic water storage container by the elastic pressure cap supplies water to the reaction vessel. When the water supply switch is turned on, the elastic water storage container undergoes elastic deformation under the pressure of the elastic pressure cap, and water enters the reaction vessel under pressure, reacting with the hydrolysis hydrogen-producing material placed in the reaction vessel to produce hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas produced in the reaction vessel is output through the hydrogen outlet. Although this device provides a portable hydrogen production and supply system, the water supply component, the elastic water storage container, can only provide a one-time water source. When the water in the elastic water storage container is depleted, the device cannot continue to operate using an external water source.
[0005] Meanwhile, existing technologies such as Chinese patent documents CN 115650158 A (application number 202211655352.1) and CN114284536A (application number 202111669217.8) disclose a portable chemical hydrogen production device and a portable power supply based on solid-state hydrogen storage and fuel cells, respectively. Both devices are equipped with fans for heat dissipation. However, this active cooling system using fans not only consumes a lot of electrical energy, but the fan itself also occupies a certain amount of space, and the heat dissipation effect cannot be effectively guaranteed. Therefore, devices that use fans for active cooling cannot effectively control the overall size of the device, affecting its portability, and cannot effectively cool the hydrogen production part inside the device. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a portable chemical hydrogen production device and its application. By setting up a replaceable hydrogen production box and a convenient water supply system, the water passage between the water supply system and the hydrogen production box is set inside the box, so that the device can be used multiple times by circulating external water sources.
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] A portable chemical hydrogen production device includes a housing, a hydrogen production cartridge, and a top cover. The housing is hollow inside and open at the top. The hydrogen production cartridge is disposed inside the housing, and the top cover is detachably disposed on the top of the housing.
[0009] The box body is equipped with a mounting plate for fixing the position of the hydrogen production box. The mounting plate divides the inside of the box body into a mounting cavity inside the mounting plate and a water storage cavity outside the mounting plate. The bottom of the box body is equipped with a water channel. The two ends of the water channel are respectively connected to the hydrogen production box and the water storage cavity. The box body is also equipped with a spring system. The spring system is used to provide elastic force to transport the water in the water storage cavity to the hydrogen production box along the water channel.
[0010] The hydrogen production box contains hydrogen production materials for reacting with water to produce hydrogen.
[0011] The mounting plate is filled with heat exchange components. The water circuit includes a heat exchange channel and a collection pipe. The heat exchange channel is located inside the mounting plate, and the collection pipe is located at the bottom of the box. The inlet and outlet of the heat exchange channel are a first inlet and a first outlet, respectively. The inlet and outlet of the collection pipe are a second inlet and a second outlet, respectively. The first inlet is located on the outside of the mounting plate, and the first outlet is located on the bottom surface of the mounting plate. The first outlet is connected to the second inlet, and the second outlet is connected to the bottom of the hydrogen production box.
[0012] The hydrogen production device provided by this invention has an open top, allowing external water to be directly added to the water storage chamber. The water in the storage chamber is then transported to the detachable hydrogen production box via a water channel. The water reacts with the hydrogen production material inside the hydrogen production box to produce hydrogen. The water source in the storage chamber can be provided from the outside, effectively solving the problem that existing hydrogen production devices can only rely on their internal water storage for hydrogen production.
[0013] Since the chemical hydrogen production process is an exothermic reaction, effective heat dissipation has always been a challenge for portable hydrogen production devices. As described in the background section, most existing technologies use fans for air circulation and heat dissipation. However, the device provided in this application incorporates a heat exchanger and heat exchange channels inside the mounting plate. The heat generated by the reaction inside the hydrogen production box is transferred to the heat exchanger via heat transfer. The heat exchanger can also transfer heat to the water in the storage chamber on the other side of the mounting plate for heating. Simultaneously, as the water flows through the heat exchange channels, the flowing water further absorbs the heat from the heat exchanger, initially heating it before it enters the hydrogen production box through the collection pipe. This process also prevents the water from freezing. Furthermore, the hydrogen production device provided in this application passively dissipates heat during water intake, eliminating the need for additional electricity, saving energy, and minimizing the overall size of the device for easier portability. Utilizing water cooling for heat dissipation effectively releases heat from inside the hydrogen production box, effectively controlling the overall temperature of the device.
[0014] Preferably, the heat exchanger is a heat-conducting fin.
[0015] More preferably, the gap between the adjacent heat exchange elements forms the heat exchange channel.
[0016] More preferably, the first inlet and the first outlet are located at opposite ends of the mounting plate.
[0017] By allowing water to flow directly through the heat exchanger, heat is effectively transferred to the water, significantly improving the water cooling effect and heating the water. This not only lowers the internal temperature of the hydrogen production box but also increases the inlet water temperature, achieving full utilization of heat. Furthermore, symmetrically positioning the first inlet and first outlet of each heat exchange channel at both ends of the mounting plate ensures that as much water as possible entering the heat exchange channel through the first inlet flows through the heat exchanger, and also prevents the water in the heat exchange channel from evaporating due to the high temperature of the hydrogen production box.
[0018] Preferably, the top cover has a hydrogen passage inside, with the inlet and outlet ends of the hydrogen passage located on the bottom and top surfaces of the top cover, respectively.
[0019] A pressure regulating valve is provided at the hydrogen outlet, and a water circuit valve and a check valve are provided on the water circuit. The water circuit valve is used to open and close the water circuit, and the check valve is used to realize the one-way connection of the water circuit from the water storage chamber to the hydrogen production box.
[0020] More preferably, when the pressure inside the hydrogen production box is less than the pressure of the spring system, the one-way valve opens, and the water in the water storage chamber flows to the hydrogen production box along the water path; when the pressure inside the hydrogen production box is greater than or equal to the pressure of the spring system, the one-way valve closes, and the water path is shut off.
[0021] By installing a pressure regulating valve at the hydrogen outlet, the outlet pressure of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen generation box is controlled to meet the intake requirements of external hydrogen-using equipment. As the pressure regulating valve controls the outlet pressure, the hydrogen retained inside the hydrogen generation box also generates a certain pressure. When the demand of the external hydrogen-using equipment is small, the internal pressure of the hydrogen generation box increases as the amount of retained hydrogen accumulates. Simultaneously, the water inlet rate of the hydrogen generation box decreases as the internal pressure increases. When the pressure generated by the retained hydrogen is not less than the pressure generated by the spring system, the one-way valve closes the water circuit, stopping the water supply. Hydrogen production stops when the water stored inside the hydrogen generation box is depleted. When the retained hydrogen is consumed until the internal pressure of the hydrogen generation box is again less than the spring system pressure, the one-way valve opens, and the water storage chamber resumes supplying water to the hydrogen generation box along the water circuit, restarting the hydrogen production reaction. On the other hand, at the beginning of the reaction, the pressure provided by the spring system is greater than the pressure inside the hydrogen production box, and water is quickly squeezed into the hydrogen production box. At this time, a large amount of water in the hydrogen production box reacts with the hydrogen production material to produce hydrogen and a large amount of heat. Also, because the water flows rapidly along the heat exchange channel inside the mounting plate, the heat generated in the hydrogen production box is effectively absorbed to achieve good heat dissipation. As the reaction proceeds, the amount of water in the water storage chamber decreases, the pressure provided by the spring system decreases, and the pressure inside the hydrogen production box increases. The pressure at both ends of the water path gradually tends to be balanced. At this time, the reaction inside the hydrogen production box also gradually slows down, and the heat production also decreases. The flow rate of water entering the hydrogen production box along the water path also decreases. The heat production and water flow rate decrease together, avoiding the situation where the water flow cannot be effectively heated due to the decrease in heat production alone, or the situation where the heat production cannot be effectively dissipated due to the decrease in water flow alone. Through the coupling of reaction pressure and water flow rate, the reaction rate is automatically regulated.
[0022] Preferably, the hydrogen production box is detachably installed inside the box body, the top cover is threadedly connected to the box body, and a compression spring groove is opened at the bottom of the mounting cavity, with a compression spring fixed in the compression spring groove.
[0023] The hydrogen generation box is detachably installed inside the housing. When the hydrogen generation material inside the box is depleted, the box can be replaced to continue supplying hydrogen, achieving overall recycling of the device. When the hydrogen generation box is placed in the mounting cavity, the top cover is used to overcome the spring force of the compression spring and press down to fit the hydrogen generation box into the mounting cavity. When the top cover is tightened on the top of the housing, the bottom surface of the hydrogen generation box is in close contact with the bottom surface of the mounting cavity, and the second outlet is connected to the hydrogen generation box. When the hydrogen generation box needs to be replaced, the top cover is loosened. At this time, the spring force of the compression spring will eject the old hydrogen generation box to be replaced from the mounting cavity, allowing the user to easily remove the old hydrogen generation box.
[0024] Preferably, the top cover is also equipped with a hydrogen production safety system, which includes a hydrogen one-way valve, a gas pressure sensor, a pressure regulating valve, and a safety valve installed on the hydrogen passage. The hydrogen production safety system is used to release pressure when the pressure inside the hydrogen production box is too high and hydrogen cannot be discharged, so as to ensure that the hydrogen production box is not damaged due to excessive internal pressure.
[0025] The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned portable chemical hydrogen production device for use in icy and snowy environments.
[0026] Preferably, the water storage chamber is filled with a low freezing point aqueous solution as well as ice and / or snow.
[0027] For harsh working conditions in the field or military, especially in icy and snowy environments, this invention provides an application for such environments. By filling the water storage chamber with ice, snow, and a low-freezing-point aqueous solution, when the equipment starts producing hydrogen, the low-freezing-point aqueous solution first enters the hydrogen production box through the water path to participate in the chemical hydrogen production reaction. At this time, the hydrogen production box generates heat, and the heat exchanger set in the mounting plate conducts the heat to the water storage chamber. The ice and snow begin to melt under the heat, and the hydrogen production equipment can continue to operate normally. After low-temperature start-up, when the hydrogen production box needs to be replaced, a certain amount of warm water formed from the melted ice and snow will remain in the water storage chamber. Therefore, when replacing the hydrogen production box, ice and / or snow from the icy and snowy environment can be added to the water storage chamber to continue hydrogen production. However, after each hydrogen production is completed, the water in the water path must be drained to prevent the pipeline from becoming blocked and preventing the equipment from being used multiple times.
[0028] More preferably, the solvent of the low-pour-point aqueous solution is selected from one or more of calcium chloride, sodium chloride, or aluminum chloride, the pour point of the low-pour-point aqueous solution is lower than the operating ambient temperature of the portable chemical hydrogen production equipment, and the low-pour-point aqueous solution occupies 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the water storage chamber volume.
[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0030] 1. The hydrogen production equipment provided in this application has a heat exchanger and heat exchange channels inside the mounting plate. The heat generated by the reaction inside the hydrogen production box is conducted to the heat exchanger in the form of heat transfer. The heat exchanger can also transfer heat to the other side of the mounting plate to heat the water in the water storage chamber. At the same time, when the water flows through the heat exchange channels, the flowing water further absorbs the heat on the heat exchanger. After preliminary heating, the water enters the hydrogen production box through the collection pipeline. Moreover, the heat dissipation process of the hydrogen production equipment provided in this application does not consume electricity, saving energy and minimizing the overall size of the equipment, making it more portable.
[0031] 2. The hydrogen production device provided by this invention has an open top, allowing external water to be directly added to the water storage chamber. The water in the storage chamber is then transported to the detachable hydrogen production box via a water circuit. The water reacts with the hydrogen production material inside the hydrogen production box to produce hydrogen. The water source in the storage chamber can be provided externally. The hydrogen production box is detachably installed inside the device. When the activity of the hydrogen production material inside the hydrogen production box is exhausted, the hydrogen production box can be replaced to continue providing hydrogen, thus realizing the overall recycling of the device.
[0032] 3. By installing a pressure regulating valve at the hydrogen outlet, the outlet pressure of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen generation box is controlled to meet the intake requirements of external hydrogen-using equipment. As the pressure regulating valve controls the outlet pressure, the hydrogen retained inside the hydrogen generation box will also generate a certain pressure. When the demand of external hydrogen-using equipment is small, the internal pressure of the hydrogen generation box increases as the amount of retained hydrogen accumulates. At the same time, the water inlet rate of the hydrogen generation box decreases as the internal pressure of the hydrogen generation box increases. When the pressure generated by the retained hydrogen is not less than the pressure generated by the spring system, the one-way valve controls the water circuit to close, stopping the water supply. Hydrogen production stops after the reaction water inside the hydrogen generation box is exhausted. When the retained hydrogen is consumed until the internal pressure of the hydrogen generation box is again less than the spring system pressure, the one-way valve opens, and the water storage chamber resumes supplying water to the hydrogen generation box along the water circuit, restarting the hydrogen production reaction.
[0033] 4. For harsh working conditions in the field or military, especially in icy and snowy environments, this invention provides an application for such environments. By filling the water storage chamber with ice, snow, and a low-freezing-point aqueous solution, when the equipment starts producing hydrogen, the low-freezing-point aqueous solution first enters the hydrogen production box through the water path to participate in the chemical hydrogen production reaction. At this time, the hydrogen production box generates heat, and the heat exchanger in the mounting plate conducts the heat to the water storage chamber. The ice and snow begin to melt under the heat, and the hydrogen production equipment can continue to operate normally. After low-temperature start-up, when the hydrogen production box needs to be replaced, a certain amount of warm water formed from the melted ice and snow will remain in the water storage chamber. Therefore, while replacing the hydrogen production box, ice and / or snow from the icy and snowy environment can be added to the water storage chamber to continue hydrogen production. However, after each hydrogen production cycle, the water in the water path must be drained to prevent pipe blockage and prevent the equipment from being used multiple times. Attached Figure Description
[0034] Figure 1 This is a side sectional view of the portable chemical hydrogen production device provided in Example 1;
[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fit between the box and the hydrogen generation box provided in Example 1;
[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the portable chemical hydrogen production device provided in Example 2.
[0037] The components include: 1. Top cover; 2. Water storage chamber; 3. Mounting plate; 4. Hydrogen inlet; 5. Hydrogen production box; 6. Hydrogen outlet; 7. Spring system; 8. Box body; 9. Hydrogen production material; 10. Spray nozzle; 11. Second outlet; 12. Manifold; 13. Heat exchanger; 14. Hydrogen production safety system; 15. Pressure regulating valve; 16. Water circuit valve; 17. Check valve. Detailed Implementation
[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0039] Example 1:
[0040] A portable chemical hydrogen production device, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a box body 8, a hydrogen production box 5, and a top cover 1. The box body 8 is hollow inside and open at the top. The hydrogen production box 5 is detachably disposed inside the box body 8, and the top cover 1 is detachably disposed on the top of the box body 8.
[0041] The housing 8 has an internal mounting plate 3 for fixing the position of the hydrogen production box 5. The mounting plate 3 divides the interior of the housing 8 into an inner mounting cavity and an outer water storage cavity 2. The hydrogen production box 5 is located in the mounting cavity. The bottom of the housing 8 has a water passage, the two ends of which are connected to the hydrogen production box 5 and the water storage cavity 2, respectively. The housing 8 also has a spring system 7, which provides elasticity to transport water from the water storage cavity 2 to the hydrogen production box 5 along the water passage. A water valve 16 is provided on the water passage. In this embodiment, the water storage chamber 2 is fitted onto the rubber water storage bladder outside the mounting plate 3. The top surface of the rubber water storage bladder is provided with an operation hole for water injection and a sealing cover for opening and closing the operation hole. The bottom of the rubber water storage bladder is provided with a water supply hole connected to the water passage. The rubber water storage bladder is provided with a spring system 7 inside. The spring system 7 connects the rubber water storage bladder and the mounting plate 3. When the rubber water storage bladder is filled with water, the rubber water storage bladder is expanded by the water and has an inward contraction force. At the same time, it works with the spring system 7 to generate a certain pulling force, effectively squeezing the water in the water storage chamber 2 into the hydrogen production box 5.
[0042] The hydrogen production box 5 is matched with the shape of the mounting cavity. The hydrogen production box 5 contains hydrogen production material 9 for reacting with water to produce hydrogen. A water spray nozzle 10 is fixed at the bottom of the hydrogen production box 5. The bottom end of the water spray nozzle 10 is connected to the second outlet 11.
[0043] The top cover 1 is hollow inside, and the bottom surface of the top cover 1 has a hydrogen inlet 4 that communicates with the hydrogen production box 5, and the top surface of the top cover 1 has a hydrogen outlet 6.
[0044] The mounting plate 3 is filled with a heat exchanger 13, which is a heat-conducting fin. The water circuit includes a heat exchange channel and a collecting pipe 12. The heat exchange channel is located inside the mounting plate 3, and the heat exchanger 13 is in close contact with the heat exchange channel. The collecting pipe 12 is located at the bottom of the box 8. The inlet and outlet of the heat exchange channel are a first inlet and a first outlet, respectively. The inlet and outlet of the collecting pipe 12 are a second inlet and a second outlet 11, respectively. The first inlet is located at the bottom outer side of the mounting plate 3, and the first outlet is located on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 3 near the inner side. The first outlet is connected to the second inlet, and the second outlet 11 is connected to the bottom of the hydrogen production box 5.
[0045] The top cover 1 is threadedly connected to the box body 8, and a compression spring groove is opened at the bottom of the mounting cavity, and a compression spring is fixed in the compression spring groove.
[0046] The top cover is also equipped with a hydrogen production safety system 14, which includes a hydrogen one-way valve, a gas pressure sensor and a safety valve installed on the hydrogen passage. The hydrogen production safety system is used to release pressure when the pressure inside the hydrogen production box is too high and hydrogen cannot be discharged, so as to ensure that the hydrogen production box is not damaged due to excessive internal pressure.
[0047] In practical use, external water is added to the water storage chamber 2, and the hydrogen generation box 5 is placed in the installation cavity. The top cover 1 is screwed onto the box body 8, at which point the bottom surface of the hydrogen generation box 5 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the installation cavity. The second outlet 11 is connected to the hydrogen generation box 5. The water valve 16 is opened, and the spring system 7 provides pressure to force water to enter the hydrogen generation box 5 from the spray nozzle 10 along the water path. The water reacts with the hydrogen generation material 9 stored in the hydrogen generation box 5, thereby producing hydrogen gas inside the hydrogen generation box 5. During the reaction, the heat generated by the reaction inside the hydrogen generation box 5 is conducted to the heat exchanger 13 in the form of heat transfer. The heat exchanger 13 can also transfer heat to the water in the water storage chamber 2 on the other side of the mounting plate 3 for heating. At the same time, when the water flows through the heat exchange channel, the flowing water further absorbs the heat on the heat exchanger 13. After preliminary heating, it enters the hydrogen production box 5 through the collection pipe 12. The hydrogen production equipment provided in this application does not consume electricity, saves energy, and controls the overall size of the equipment as much as possible, making the equipment more portable. When the hydrogen production material 9 in the hydrogen production box 5 is depleted, the top cover 1 can be loosened. At this time, the elastic force of the compression spring will pop the old hydrogen production box 5 to be replaced out of the mounting cavity, and the user can easily take out the old hydrogen production box 5.
[0048] Example 2:
[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a pressure regulating valve 15 is provided at the hydrogen outlet 6, and a one-way valve is provided on the water path. The one-way valve is used to achieve one-way connection of the water path from the water storage chamber 2 to the hydrogen production box 5. When the pressure inside the hydrogen production box 5 is less than the pressure of the spring system 7, the one-way valve opens, and the water in the water storage chamber 2 flows along the water path to the hydrogen production box 5; when the pressure inside the hydrogen production box 5 is greater than or equal to the pressure of the spring system 7, the one-way valve closes, and the water path is closed.
[0050] In this embodiment, a pressure regulating valve 15 is installed at the hydrogen outlet 6 to control the outlet pressure of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen generating box 5, ensuring it meets the intake requirements of external hydrogen-using equipment. As the pressure regulating valve 15 controls the outlet pressure, the hydrogen retained inside the hydrogen generating box 5 also generates a certain pressure. When the demand of the external hydrogen-using equipment is small, the internal pressure of the hydrogen generating box 5 increases as the amount of retained hydrogen accumulates. Simultaneously, the water inlet rate of the hydrogen generating box 5 decreases as the internal pressure of the hydrogen generating box 5 increases. When the pressure generated by the amount of retained hydrogen is not less than the pressure generated by the spring system 7, the one-way valve controls the water circuit to close, stopping the water supply. Hydrogen production stops after the reaction water inside the hydrogen generating box 5 is exhausted. When the retained hydrogen is consumed until the internal pressure of the hydrogen generating box 5 is again less than the pressure of the spring system 7, the one-way valve opens, and the water storage chamber 2 resumes supplying water to the hydrogen generating box 5 along the water circuit, restarting the hydrogen production reaction.
[0051] Application example:
[0052] Application of the portable chemical hydrogen production equipment provided in Example 2 in icy and snowy environments.
[0053] In this application example, the ambient temperature is -20℃, the low-freezing-point aqueous solution is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride with a mass concentration of 30% and a freezing point of -23℃, which is lower than the ambient temperature. The water storage chamber 2 is filled with the above-mentioned low-freezing-point aqueous solution and readily available ice and / or snow in the environment, wherein the low-freezing-point aqueous solution occupies 1 / 3 of the volume of the water storage chamber 2.
[0054] When the equipment starts producing hydrogen, the low-freezing-point aqueous solution first enters the hydrogen production box 5 through the water circuit to participate in the chemical hydrogen production reaction. At this time, the hydrogen production box 5 generates heat, and the heat exchanger 13 installed in the mounting plate 3 conducts the heat to the water storage chamber 2. The ice and snow begin to melt under the heat, and the hydrogen production equipment can continue to work normally. After low-temperature start-up, when the hydrogen production box 5 needs to be replaced, a certain amount of warm water formed by the melting ice and snow will still remain in the water storage chamber 2. Therefore, while replacing the hydrogen production box 5, ice and / or snow from the icy and snowy environment can be added to the water storage chamber 2 to continue producing hydrogen. However, after each hydrogen production is completed, the water in the water circuit must be drained to prevent the pipeline from becoming blocked and preventing the equipment from being used multiple times.
[0055] Experimental example:
[0056] Using the hydrogen production equipment provided in Example 2 and the hydrogen production equipment provided in CN 115650158 A, the hydrogen temperature at the hydrogen output point and the temperature of the outer wall of the equipment were measured, respectively, with a maximum hydrogen production rate of 2.5 L / min and a corresponding rated output power of 200 W for the fuel cell. Specifically, in the equipment provided in Example 2 of this application, the hydrogen temperature at hydrogen outlet 6 and the temperature at the midpoint of top cover 1 were 78.5℃ and 29.4℃, respectively; in the equipment provided in CN 115650158 A, the hydrogen temperature at the hydrogen outlet of reaction tank 10 and the side wall temperature of the tank were 125.3℃ and 61.2℃, respectively.
[0057] In this experimental example, the temperature measuring device used is the 222RTD platinum resistance thermometer manufactured by Hefei Zhice Electronics Co., Ltd.
[0058] This indicates that the present application achieves good water cooling for the hydrogen production box by setting heat-conducting fins and heat exchange channels in the mounting plate, while the hydrogen production equipment provided by CN 115650158 A uses a fan for heat dissipation, which not only consumes external energy but also has poor heat dissipation effect.
[0059] Therefore, the hydrogen production equipment provided in this application has a more reasonable structure and better heat dissipation.
Claims
1. A portable chemical hydrogen production device, characterized in that, The device includes a box body (8), a hydrogen production box (5), and a top cover (1). The box body (8) is hollow inside and open at the top. The hydrogen production box (5) is disposed inside the box body (8). The top cover (1) is detachably disposed on the top of the box body (8). The box body (8) is provided with an installation plate (3) for fixing the position of the hydrogen production box (5). The installation plate (3) divides the inside of the box body (8) into an installation cavity inside the installation plate (3) and a water storage cavity (2) outside the installation plate (3). The bottom of the box body (8) is provided with a water channel. The two ends of the water channel are respectively connected to the hydrogen production box (5) and the water storage cavity (2). The box body (8) is also provided with a spring system (7). The spring system (7) is used to provide elastic force to transport the water in the water storage cavity (2) to the hydrogen production box (5) along the water channel. The water storage cavity (2) is a rubber water storage bladder sleeved on the outside of the mounting plate (3). The spring system (7) is set inside the rubber water storage bladder, and the two ends of the spring system (7) are connected to the rubber water storage bladder and the mounting plate (3) respectively. The hydrogen production box (5) contains hydrogen production materials (9) for reacting with water to produce hydrogen. The mounting plate (3) is filled with heat exchange components (13). The water circuit includes a heat exchange channel and a collection pipe (12). The heat exchange channel is located inside the mounting plate (3). The collection pipe (12) is located at the bottom of the box (8). The inlet and outlet of the heat exchange channel are the first inlet and the first outlet, respectively. The inlet and outlet of the collection pipe (12) are the second inlet and the second outlet (11), respectively. The first inlet is located outside the mounting plate (3). The first outlet is located on the bottom surface of the mounting plate (3). The first outlet is connected to the second inlet. The second outlet (11) is connected to the bottom of the hydrogen production box (5).
2. The portable chemical hydrogen production device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger (13) is a heat-conducting fin.
3. The portable chemical hydrogen production device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The gap between adjacent heat exchange elements (13) forms the heat exchange channel.
4. The portable chemical hydrogen production device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top cover (1) has a hydrogen passage inside. The bottom surface of the top cover (1) has a hydrogen inlet (4) that communicates with the hydrogen production box (5). The top surface of the top cover (1) has a hydrogen outlet (6). A pressure regulating valve (15) is provided at the hydrogen outlet (6). A water valve (16) and a one-way valve (17) are provided on the water path. The water valve (16) is used to open and close the water path. The one-way valve (17) is used to realize the one-way connection of the water path from the water storage chamber (2) to the hydrogen production box (5).
5. The portable chemical hydrogen production device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen production box (5) is detachably installed inside the box body (8). The top cover (1) is threadedly connected to the box body (8). A compression spring groove is opened at the bottom of the mounting cavity, and a compression spring is fixed in the compression spring groove.
6. An application of the portable chemical hydrogen production device as described in any one of claims 1-5, for use in icy and snowy environments.
7. The application as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The water storage chamber (2) is filled with a low freezing point aqueous solution as well as ice and / or snow.
8. The application as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The solvent of the low-pour-point aqueous solution is selected from one or more of calcium chloride, sodium chloride or aluminum chloride. The pour point of the low-pour-point aqueous solution is lower than the operating temperature of the portable chemical hydrogen production equipment. The low-pour-point aqueous solution occupies 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the volume of the water storage chamber (2).