A large forging press anti-falling device and anti-falling method

Abstract

The application provides a large forging press anti-falling device and anti-falling method, which comprises a mold and a mold base, a center top hole is arranged at the center position of the mold base, a strip-shaped groove and a guide hole are arranged on both sides of the center top hole, a key block is arranged in the strip-shaped groove, the guide hole is perpendicular to the strip-shaped groove, a center top rod is sleeved in the center top hole, an upper mold top rod is sleeved in the guide hole, and key grooves are arranged at the bottom of both ends of the mold; the guide hole is in the form of a stepped hole, a clamping groove is arranged in the guide hole, and a clamping block corresponding to the clamping groove is arranged on the upper mold top rod. The application meets the needs of the existing large press multiple ejection mechanism, solves the size limitation of the fixed ejection mechanism on the mold, and saves the material cost of the large mold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forging, and in particular to a large-scale forging press anti-drop device and an anti-drop method. Background Art

[0002] Forging is a key metalworking process, offering high production efficiency and minimal raw material consumption, while also effectively improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of metal materials. Its products are widely used in industries such as aerospace, shipbuilding, rail transportation, chemical engineering, and heavy machinery. Currently, forging is the preferred method for producing key supporting components across various industries.

[0003] To ensure safety and precision, keyways and key blocks are used to position the die and die base before forging to prevent them from sliding against each other during processing. After the forging process is completed, a push rod is usually designed to push the forging out of the die under the drive of a transmission device, thus separating the die and forging.

[0004] With the continuous development of the forging industry and the successive construction of large-scale presses in China, forgings have been developing in a trend of becoming increasingly complex and large-scale. The traditional central single-hole ejector mechanism can no longer meet the ejection needs of large-sized and complex forgings. Therefore, large-scale forging presses often set up multiple ejector mechanisms in the lower die base to meet the smooth ejection of forgings of different sizes. However, the existing die base ejector mechanism is usually located on the same axis as the die positioning mechanism, and there are overlapping parts in some areas. When the die keyway positioning position coincides with the ejector mechanism, the positioning key block will interfere with the ejector mechanism, and the die positioning cannot be achieved. In general, the die size is the minimum size required for forging forming, so it cannot be further shortened and can only be lengthened. However, the die size and thickness on large die forging presses are relatively large. Even a slight adjustment of the die size will greatly increase the weight of the die, greatly increasing the investment and manufacturing cost of the die. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an anti-drop device and an anti-drop method for a large forging press, which meets the needs of multiple ejection mechanisms of existing large presses, solves the limitation of fixed ejection mechanisms on mold size, and saves the material cost of large molds.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A large forging press anti-drop device includes a die and a die base, wherein a central top hole is provided at the center of the die base, strip grooves and guide holes are provided on both sides of the central top hole, a key block is provided in the strip groove, and the guide hole is perpendicular to the strip groove. A central ejector rod is sleeved in the central top hole, an upper die ejector rod is sleeved in the guide hole, and key grooves are provided at both ends of the bottom of the die;

[0008] The guide hole is in the shape of a stepped hole, a clamping groove is provided in the guide hole, and a clamping block corresponding to the clamping groove is provided on the upper mold ejector rod.

[0009] A groove is provided on the top of the upper die ejector rod, and a ejector block is movably provided in the groove.

[0010] A clamping hole is provided at the edge of the groove, and a clamping strip corresponding to the clamping hole is provided on the top block, and both the clamping hole and the clamping strip are L-shaped structures.

[0011] The top rod of the upper die corresponds to the shape of the guide hole. The bottom of the key block is movably arranged in the strip groove, and the top is engaged with the key groove.

[0012] The bottom of the upper mold push rod passes through the guide hole, the bottom of the upper mold push rod is connected to the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is connected to the bottom of the mold base through a spring.

[0013] A pin hole is provided at the center of the groove, and a pin rod corresponding to the pin hole is provided on the top block.

[0014] The shape of the central ejector pin is consistent with that of the upper mold ejector pin, and the shape of the central ejector hole is consistent with that of the guide hole.

[0015] A method for preventing a large forging press from falling off an anti-falling device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, the step surface design of the step hole in the guide hole groove, the depth of the groove is H1;

[0017] S2. Design the upper die ejector pin. The upper die ejector pin is stepped, and the upper and lower parts of the step are cylindrical, slightly smaller than the size of the guide hole corresponding to the step. At the same time, a clamping block that matches the clamping slot is designed at the lower cylindrical part of the upper die ejector pin. The height of the clamping block is H2. A groove is provided on the upper part of the upper die ejector pin. Its width and depth are consistent with the corresponding width and depth of the strip groove, and it is on the same plane as the strip groove. A clamping hole is set on the edge of the groove, and the clamping hole is an L-shaped structure.

[0018] S3. Design the ejector block. The ejector block complements the groove of the ejector rod of the upper mold. That is, the ejector block has arcs at both ends. At the same time, a clip that matches the clip hole is set on the side of the ejector block, and the clip is embedded in the clip hole to fix it in place.

[0019] S4. When in use, place the upper die push rod into the guide hole, and use a thumb screw on the back to connect the upper die push rod and the die base, while ensuring that the strip groove of the die base corresponds to the upper die push rod. At this time, the groove of the upper die push rod corresponds to the strip groove. At this time, the upper die push rod and the strip groove form a positioning groove of the die; when the die does not need multiple center top holes to be ejected, the designed ejector block is placed next to the device for use. At this time, the size of the die is not limited by the previous center top hole position, and the die size required for the forging is adopted; at the same time, the upper die push rod and the die base are fixed with a clamping block to effectively prevent the movement of the upper die push rod, ensuring that the die is moved or fixed on the strip groove. There will be no interference due to the movement of the upper die ejector; when the side size of the mold is extended by H3, multiple upper die ejector rods are required, the ejector block is placed in the groove, the clamping strip is embedded in the clamping hole, the part with the locating pin is facing the upper die ejector rod, and then pushed along the length direction of the ejector block until the clamping strip and the clamping hole are completely engaged. The ejector block is fixed in place by the clamping strip and the clamping hole to prevent the ejector block from rotating. Since the upper die ejector rod and the ejector block are connected by a horizontal locating pin, the ejector block can be firmly connected to the upper die ejector rod to prevent the ejector block from falling. At this time, the upper die ejector rod and the ejector block together form a ejector rod, which can realize multi-ejector ejection of large forging molds.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. By optimizing the original fixed ejector mechanism of the large press into a set of matching portable and detachable ejector mechanisms, especially the design of the upper die base ejector mechanism, the upper die ejector rod is connected to the die base, and at the same time, it serves as a part of the strip groove on the die base. The ejector block is a detachable movable part and is used when ejection is needed. It and the upper die ejector rod together form the ejector rod and are placed next to the press when not in use. This ejector design not only meets the needs of existing large presses for multiple ejector mechanisms, but also solves the limitation of fixed ejector mechanisms on mold size, saving the material cost of large molds.

[0022] 2. By moving the key block along the length of the strip groove, the two ends of the mold can be fixed, thereby clamping the mold on the mold base to prevent the mold from moving.

[0023] 3. By making H1 greater than H2, the upper mold ejector can always be kept from exceeding the step of the mold base after completing the ejection task, and can return to its original position quickly and reliably. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of AA;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mold;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mold base;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the guide;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional front structure of the upper mold ejector;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional back structure of the upper mold ejector;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the upper die ejector;

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the top block;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the top block;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional diagram of the upper die ejector assembly when the die base is at the top;

[0035] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A cross-sectional diagram of the middle ejector block engaging the ejector pin of the upper die;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper mold ejector when the mold base is at the bottom;

[0037] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the ejector block structure that cooperates with the ejector rod of the upper die when the die base is at the bottom;

[0038] As shown in the figure: 1-mold; 2-mold base; 3-center top hole; 4-strip groove; 5-key block; 6-guide hole; 7-center push rod; 8-upper mold push rod; 9-key groove; 10-slot; 11-block; 12-groove; 13-hole; 14-top block; 15-strip; 16-bottom plate; 17-spring; 18-pin hole; 19-pin rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, the key block 5 in the strip groove 4 fixes the mold 1 to prevent the mold 1 from moving in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. When the distance K3 between the end face of the mold 1 and the end face of the upper mold push rod 8 is greater than the length k1 of the key block 5 (the minimum size to ensure reliable positioning), the mold 1 can complete positioning on the mold base 2, but when K3 is less than K1, the key block 5 cannot be placed in the strip groove 4, so the mold cannot complete positioning. At this time, the mold must be lengthened. The lengthened distance must ensure that the end face of the mold exceeds the outer surface of the upper mold push rod 8, and at the same time, sufficient positioning length must be ensured. H3 is the maximum distance that needs to be lengthened to meet the mold positioning, H3=2K1+K2; K2 is the maximum width dimension of the upper mold push rod 8. For large molds, K1 is generally 100-200mm, and K2 is generally 150-250mm, so H3 can reach 350-650mm. The total length of the mold added on both sides increases by 700-1300mm. It is possible to increase the mold length so much just to meet the mold positioning. The height and thickness of large mold 1 can reach 1500mm and 500mm respectively, so the total weight of the increased mold reaches 4 tons to 8 tons respectively, which greatly increases the investment in mold 1 of some products.

[0042] A large forging press anti-drop device includes a die 1 and a die base 2. The die base 2 has a central top hole 3 at its center. A strip groove 4 and a guide hole 6 are provided on either side of the central top hole 3. A key block 5 is provided in the strip groove 4. The guide hole 6 is perpendicular to the strip groove 4. A central ejector rod 7 is sleeved in the central top hole 3. An upper die ejector rod 8 is sleeved in the guide hole 6. Key slots 9 are provided at both ends of the bottom of the die 1.

[0043] The guide hole 6 is in the shape of a stepped hole. A clamping groove 10 is provided in the guide hole 6 . A clamping block 11 corresponding to the clamping groove 10 is provided on the upper mold ejector rod 8 .

[0044] A groove 12 is provided on the top of the upper mold ejector rod 8 , and a ejector block 14 is movably provided in the groove 12 .

[0045] A clamping hole 13 is provided at the edge of the groove 12 , and a clamping strip 15 corresponding to the clamping hole 13 is provided on the top block 14 . Both the clamping hole 13 and the clamping strip 15 are L-shaped structures.

[0046] The upper die push rod 8 corresponds to the shape of the guide hole 6 , the bottom of the key block 5 is movably arranged in the strip groove 4 , and the top is engaged in the key groove 9 .

[0047] The bottom of the upper mold push rod 8 passes through the guide hole 6 , and the bottom of the upper mold push rod 8 is connected to a bottom plate 16 , and the bottom plate 16 is connected to the bottom of the mold base 2 through a spring 17 .

[0048] A pin hole 18 is provided at the center of the groove 12 , and a pin rod 19 corresponding to the pin hole 18 is provided on the top block 14 .

[0049] The shape of the central ejector pin 7 is consistent with that of the upper die ejector pin 8 , and the shape of the central ejector hole 3 is consistent with that of the guide hole 6 .

[0050] like Figures 11 to 12 As shown, a method for preventing a large forging press from falling is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1, the step surface design of the step hole in the guide hole 6 is a slot 10, the depth of the slot 10 is H1;

[0052] S2. Design the upper mold push rod 8. The upper mold push rod 8 is stepped. The upper and lower parts of the step of the upper mold push rod 8 are cylindrical, and the size is slightly smaller than the size of the hole of the step portion of the guide hole 6. At the same time, a clamping block 11 matching the clamping groove 10 is designed at the cylindrical portion of the lower part of the upper mold push rod 8. The height of the clamping block 11 is H2. A groove 12 is provided on the upper part of the upper mold push rod 8. Its width and depth are consistent with the corresponding width and depth of the strip groove 4, and it is on the same plane as the strip groove 4; a clamping hole 13 is provided on the edge of the groove 12, and the clamping hole 13 is an L-shaped structure;

[0053] S3. Design the top block 14. The top block 14 is complementary to the groove 12 of the upper mold ejector 8. That is, the top block 14 has curved ends. At the same time, a clamping strip 15 matching the clamping hole 13 is provided on the side of the top block 14, and the clamping strip 15 is embedded in the clamping hole 13 to fix the position;

[0054] S4. When in use, place the upper die push rod 8 into the guide hole 6, and use a thumb screw on the back to connect the upper die push rod 8 and the die base 2, while ensuring that the strip groove 4 of the die base 2 corresponds to the upper die push rod 8. At this time, the groove 12 of the upper die push rod 8 corresponds to the strip groove 4. At this time, the upper die push rod 8 and the strip groove 4 form a positioning groove of the die 1; when the die 1 does not need multiple center top holes 3 to be ejected, the designed ejector block 14 is placed on the side of the device for use. At this time, the size of the die 1 is not limited by the previous position of the center top hole 3, and the die size required for the forging is adopted; at the same time, the upper die push rod 8 and the die base 2 are fixed with a clamping block 11 to effectively prevent the movement of the upper die push rod 8, ensuring that the die 1 will not be moved or fixed on the strip groove 4 due to the upper die push rod 8. Interference occurs in the movement of the die ejector rod 8; when the side end size of the mold 1 is extended by H3, multiple upper die ejector rods 8 are required, the ejector block 14 is placed in the groove 12, the clamping strip 15 is embedded in the clamping hole 13, the part with the positioning pin is facing the upper die ejector rod 8, and then pushed along the length direction of the ejector block 14 until the clamping strip 15 and the clamping hole 13 are completely engaged. The ejector block 14 is fixed in position by the clamping strip 15 and the clamping hole 13 to prevent the ejector block 14 from rotating. Since the upper die ejector rod 8 and the ejector block 14 are connected by a horizontal positioning pin, the ejector block 14 can be firmly connected to the upper die ejector rod 8 to prevent the ejector block 14 from falling. At this time, the upper die ejector rod 8 and the ejector block 14 together form a ejector rod, which can realize the multi-ejection of the large forging mold 1.

[0055] When the mold base 2 is above the mold 1, the upper mold push rod 8 is placed upside down in the guide hole 6, the push block 14 is below the upper mold push rod 8, and the L-shaped clamping strip 15 is embedded in the clamping hole 13 to prevent the push block 14 from detaching from the upper mold push rod 8. At the same time, the spring 17 supports the upper mold push rod 8 to prevent it from detaching from the guide hole 6, thereby playing a role in preventing it from falling.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] like Figures 13 to 14 When the mold base 2 is below the mold 1, the upper mold push rod 8 is placed upright in the guide hole 6, and the pin rod 19 on the top block 14 is inserted into the pin hole 18 to prevent the top block 14 from moving horizontally in the groove 12.

[0058] By optimizing the original fixed ejection mechanism of the large press into a set of matching portable detachable ejection mechanisms, especially the design of the upper die base ejection mechanism of this component, the connection between the upper die ejector rod 8 and the die base 2, and at the same time as a part of the strip groove 4 on the die base 2, the ejector block 14 is a detachable movable component, which is used when ejection is needed, and together with the upper die ejector rod 8, it forms an ejector rod, which is placed next to the press when not in use. This ejection design not only meets the needs of multiple ejection mechanisms of existing large presses, but also solves the limitation of fixed ejection mechanisms on mold size, saving the material cost of large molds.

[0059] By moving the key block 5 along the length direction of the strip groove 4, both ends of the mold 1 can be fixed, so that the mold 1 is clamped on the mold base 2 to prevent the mold from being displaced.

[0060] By having H1 greater than H2, the upper mold ejector rod 8 can always be kept from exceeding the step of the mold base after completing the ejection task, and can return to its original position quickly and reliably.

[0061] The anti-drop split ejection mechanism design of this large press can effectively reduce the interference between the mold 1 and the non-center ejector rod 3, reduce the increase in unnecessary mold 1 size, reduce the cost of the mold 1, and is more convenient in use. The cooperation between the upper mold ejector rod 8 and the mold base 2 effectively prevents the rotation of the components, and prevents the ejector rod on the mold base 2 from exceeding the step surface of the mold base 2 during operation, resulting in ejection failure. The effective length of the card block 11 ensures the stability of the ejection mechanism. At the same time, the L-shaped positioning method of the ejector block 14 and the upper mold ejector rod 8 also prevents the ejector block 14 from falling. The positioning is simple and reliable, and the use is convenient and quick.

[0062] The top block 14 is provided with an internal threaded through hole, and the upper section of the pin rod 19 is provided with an external threaded section, which is screwed into the internal threaded through hole to cooperate with each other. The pin rod 19 can be detachably mounted on the top block 14, and the diameter of the lower section of the pin rod 19 is smaller than the diameter of the external threaded section, so that the pin rod 19 can be inserted into the upper opening of the internal threaded through hole and fixed on the top block 14. The top surface of the pin rod 19 is provided with a notch, which can be rotated by a screwdriver to facilitate the external threaded section to be tightened in the internal threaded through hole. The external threaded section of the upper section of the pin rod 19 is fixed in the top block 14, and the lower section of the pin rod 19 is stuck in the pin hole.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large forging press anti-drop device, comprising a die (1) and a die base (2), characterized in that: A central top hole (3) is provided at the center of the mold base (2), strip grooves (4) and guide holes (6) are provided on both sides of the central top hole (3), a key block (5) is provided in the strip groove (4), the guide hole (6) is perpendicular to the strip groove (4), a central ejector rod (7) is sleeved in the central top hole (3), an upper mold ejector rod (8) is sleeved in the guide hole (6), and key grooves (9) are provided at both ends of the bottom of the mold (1); The guide hole (6) is in the shape of a stepped hole, a clamping groove (10) is provided in the guide hole (6), and a clamping block (11) corresponding to the clamping groove (10) is provided on the upper mold ejector rod (8); The anti-drop method of the anti-drop device of the large forging press comprises the following steps: S1, in the guide hole (6) within the step hole-shaped step surface design slot (10), the depth of the slot (10) is H1; S2. Design an upper die push rod (8), the upper die push rod (8) is stepped, the upper and lower parts of the step of the upper die push rod (8) are cylindrical, and a clamping block (11) matching the clamping groove (10) is designed at the cylindrical portion of the lower part of the upper die push rod (8), the height of the clamping block (11) is H2, and a groove (12) is provided on the upper part of the upper die push rod (8), the width and depth of which are consistent with the width and depth of the strip groove (4), and are on the same plane as the strip groove (4); a clamping hole (13) is provided on the edge of the groove (12), and the clamping hole (13) is an L-shaped structure; S3. Design a top block (14). The top block (14) is complementary to the groove (12) of the upper mold ejector rod (8). The top block (14) has arcs at both ends. At the same time, a clamping strip (15) matching the clamping hole (13) is provided on the side of the top block (14). The clamping strip (15) is embedded in the clamping hole (13) to fix the position. S4. When in use, place the upper die push rod (8) into the guide hole (6), and use a large head screw on the back to connect the upper die push rod (8) and the die base (2), while ensuring that the strip groove (4) of the die base (2) corresponds to the upper die push rod (8). At this time, the groove (12) of the upper die push rod (8) corresponds to the strip groove (4). At this time, the upper die push rod (8) and the strip groove (4) form a positioning groove of the die (1); when the die (1) does not need multiple center top holes (3) to be ejected, the designed ejector block (14) is placed on the side of the device for use. At this time, the size of the die (1) is not limited by the position of the previous center top hole (3), and the die size required for the forging is adopted; at the same time, the upper die push rod (8) and the die base (2) are fixed with a clamping block (11), which effectively prevents the upper die push rod (8) from moving, ensuring that the die (1) will not be moved or fixed on the strip groove (4) due to Interference occurs in the movement of the upper die ejector (8); when the side size of the mold (1) is extended by H3, multiple upper die ejector rods (8) are required, the ejector block (14) is placed in the groove (12), the clamping strip (15) is embedded in the clamping hole (13), the part with the positioning pin is facing the upper die ejector rod (8), and then pushed along the length direction of the ejector block (14) until the clamping strip (15) and the clamping hole (13) are completely engaged, the ejector block (14) is fixed in position by the clamping strip (15) and the clamping hole (13) to prevent the ejector block (14) from rotating. Since the upper die ejector rod (8) and the ejector block (14) are connected by the horizontal positioning pin, the ejector block (14) can be firmly connected to the upper die ejector rod (8) to prevent the ejector block (14) from falling. At this time, the upper die ejector rod (8) and the ejector block (14) together form a ejector rod, realizing multi-ejector ejection of the large forging mold (1).

2. The large forging press anti-falling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper die push rod (8) corresponds to the shape of the guide hole (6), the bottom of the key block (5) is movably arranged in the strip groove (4), and the top is engaged with the key groove (9).

3. The large forging press anti-falling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper die push rod (8) passes through the guide hole (6), and the bottom of the upper die push rod (8) is connected to a bottom plate (16), and the bottom plate (16) is connected to the bottom of the die base (2) via a spring (17).

4. The large forging press anti-falling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pin hole (18) is provided at the center of the groove (12), and a pin rod (19) corresponding to the pin hole (18) is provided on the top block (14).

5. The large forging press anti-falling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central ejector rod (7) is consistent in shape with the upper die ejector rod (8), and the central ejector hole (3) is consistent in shape with the guide hole (6).

Images