Buried track bed slab, track bed and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of buried track bed plate, track bed and its construction method, because with multiple buried vibration isolators, plate body is arranged on the basement by multiple rubber springs, adopts point support mode to cut off the rigid connection between track structure and basement structure, absorbs the impact energy when train runs, realizes vibration reduction and noise reduction.The construction method of the invention combines the concept of prefabricated building, can improve construction accuracy and effect, the plate body uses prefabricated plate, the mounting seat of buried vibration isolator is pre-buried below the plate body, during construction, only need to place the height adjusting washer and spring assembly containing rubber spring on the basement at the set vibration isolator position, then place the prefabricated plate on the basement, make the upper end of spring assembly embedded in the corresponding mounting seat, the construction of buried track bed plate can be completed, therefore, construction is convenient, short construction period, suitable for track construction on viaduct.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of track vibration reduction and noise reduction technology, specifically relating to a buried track bed slab, track bed and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With economic and scientific development, rail transit is trending towards higher speeds and greater stability, while mechanical equipment is becoming increasingly sophisticated. To meet the demands of industry development and overcome the impact of vibration on structural stability, vehicle operation safety, and the precision of mechanical equipment, technologies and products capable of effectively reducing vibration and noise are essential to improve structural stability, ensure the safe operation of rail lines, and guarantee high precision of mechanical equipment.

[0003] In existing technologies, some track beds use floating slabs combined with vibration damping pads, or floating slabs combined with multiple steel springs, to achieve a certain vibration reduction and noise reduction effect. However, several problems still exist: For track beds using vibration damping pads, the pads are usually fully laid, which makes the stiffness of the entire vibration damping system still relatively large and the system frequency relatively high, thus limiting the vibration reduction effect. Moreover, the fully laid vibration damping pads also cause difficulties in drainage. In addition, the vibration damping pads are usually fixed to the precast slab through secondary processing (such as riveting or gluing), which is a complex process. For track beds using steel springs, the process is complex and the labor intensity of construction workers is high. The stiffness of the steel springs is not easy to adjust, and the size of the steel springs and their assembly tools is relatively large, making it difficult to construct in spaces with limited dimensions, such as elevated sections.

[0004] In addition, the construction of elevated track usually has tight schedule requirements, while the existing vibration-damping track bed technology has a long construction period due to the complexity of the process and the fact that the floating slab is cast on site and requires waiting for the concrete to solidify and cure. It is also difficult to meet the construction period requirements of vibration-damping track on elevated tracks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a buried track bed slab, track bed, and construction method that can achieve vibration reduction and noise reduction effects, are easy to construct, and have a short construction period. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a buried track slab, characterized in that it comprises: a slab body; and a plurality of buried vibration isolators embedded in the slab body, wherein the plurality of buried vibration isolators are arranged according to a predetermined arrangement rule, each buried vibration isolator having a mounting base, a spring assembly, a height adjustment shim, and a limiting post, the mounting base being pre-embedded below the slab body, the spring assembly including a spring support upper shell, a spring support lower shell, and a rubber spring disposed inside a covering structure formed by the fitting of the spring support upper shell and the spring support lower shell, the bottom of the spring support lower shell having a limiting post mounting groove, one end of the limiting post being embedded in the limiting post mounting groove, and the other end being driven into the substrate.

[0007] The buried track slab provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features: the length of the slab is 3500mm, which is used to install 6 pairs of sleepers, and the rails are placed on the sleepers. The predetermined arrangement rule is: 3 pairs of buried vibration isolators are arranged at equal intervals below the slab, each pair of buried vibration isolators is arranged between two adjacent pairs of sleepers, and each buried vibration isolator is arranged directly below the rail.

[0008] The buried track slab provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features, wherein the track slab is 4700mm long and is used to install 8 pairs of sleepers, with the rails mounted on the sleepers. The predetermined arrangement rule is as follows: 4 pairs of buried vibration isolators are arranged at equal intervals below the slab, each pair of buried vibration isolators is arranged between two adjacent pairs of sleepers, and each buried vibration isolator is arranged directly below the rail.

[0009] The buried track bed slab provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features: the mounting base is made of metal, and the top of the upper shell of the spring support is provided with a magnet that can be attracted to the metal material, so as to attract and fix the upper shell of the spring support in the mounting base.

[0010] The present invention provides a track bed, characterized in that it includes: a plurality of buried track bed slabs connected end to end; and a plurality of limiting bosses for laterally limiting two adjacent buried track bed slabs, wherein the buried track bed slabs are the buried track bed slabs described above.

[0011] The track bed provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features, wherein the limiting boss is cylindrical or cuboid, and the buried track bed slab has two limiting grooves on both sides of its length direction. The shape of the limiting grooves matches the limiting boss, and the limiting boss engages with the limiting grooves on the corresponding sides of two adjacent buried track bed slabs.

[0012] This invention provides a construction method for track construction using the above-mentioned buried track slab, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: Set the installation positions of a plurality of buried vibration isolators on the substrate;

[0014] Step S2: For each of the installation positions, height adjustment shims and spring assemblies are placed sequentially and stacked at the installation position;

[0015] Step S3: The pre-cast slab is placed on the base using hoisting equipment. Multiple mounting seats for the buried vibration isolators are pre-embedded under the slab, and the upper end of each spring assembly is embedded in the corresponding mounting seat.

[0016] Step S4: Use a force testing tool to test the force on all the spring assemblies to determine if there is any loosening.

[0017] If the determination in step S5 is yes, the plate is lifted again by the hoisting equipment, and the corresponding height adjustment shim is replaced according to the force detection result, and then the process returns to step S4.

[0018] The construction method provided by this invention may also have the following technical features, wherein step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0019] Step S1-1: Measure the base using the base markers on the base, and set the installation position of the buried vibration isolator based on the measurement results;

[0020] Step S1-2: According to the installation position, drive each of the limiting posts into the base.

[0021] In step S2, when the height adjustment shim and the spring assembly are placed on the base, the limiting post passes through the clearance hole of the height adjustment shim, and one end of the limiting post is embedded in the limiting groove at the bottom of the spring support housing of the spring assembly.

[0022] Invention Function and Effect

[0023] According to the buried track slab, track bed, and construction method of the present invention, the buried track slab has multiple buried vibration isolators. The track slab is set on the base by the rubber springs of the multiple buried vibration isolators, that is, by point support, which breaks the rigid connection between the track structure and the base structure. The multiple rubber springs absorb the impact energy of the train running, thereby achieving the effect of track vibration reduction and noise reduction. Furthermore, the construction method of the present invention incorporates the concept of prefabricated buildings, which can be carried out simultaneously in multiple sections, multiple stations, and multiple points, thus improving the construction accuracy and effect. Specifically, the track slab is a prefabricated slab, and a vibration isolator installation groove is opened under the track slab. The outer cover of the buried vibration isolator is pre-embedded in the groove. During construction, it is only necessary to place the height adjustment shim and the spring support shell containing the rubber spring on the base at the vibration isolator position in sequence, and then place the prefabricated track slab on the base so that the spring support shell is embedded in the corresponding outer cover, thus completing the construction of the buried track slab. Therefore, the construction is convenient, easy to automate, has a shorter construction period, and requires less on-site concrete casting, resulting in less environmental pollution. Furthermore, since the buried vibration isolator of the present invention is located below the track slab and there is no exposed structure above the track slab, the completed track bed slab and track bed also have the advantage of beautiful appearance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the track bed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the track bed at the vibration isolator position in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the buried track bed slab in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the buried vibration isolator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting base in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 These are three-dimensional structural diagrams of the mounting base at different angles in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the spring assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the height adjustment shim in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a frontal projection of the height adjustment shim in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting post in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the buried vibration isolator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the track bed at the position of the limiting boss in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 13 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the area inside circle B;

[0037] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of track construction using buried track slabs in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of step S1 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spring assembly in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spring assembly at different angles in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 18 This is an exploded view of the spring assembly in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower shell supported by the spring in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 20 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting plate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional view of the spring assembly in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure label:

[0046] 100; 110; 111; 112; 114; 140; 140; 141; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 142; 1 Limiting rubber ring 1424; Magnet 1425; Anti-detachment bracket 1426; Connecting plate 14261; Fixing hole 14261a; Limiting strip hole 14261b; Bracket connector 14262; Bracket fixing part 14263; Height adjustment shim 143; Clearance hole 1431; Limiting post 144; Upper cylindrical end 1441; Lower cylindrical end 1442; Base 200; Limiting boss 400; Elastic pad 401. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the buried track bed slab, track bed and its construction method of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0048] <Example 1>

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the track bed in this embodiment.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the track bed at the vibration isolator location in this embodiment. To show the overall structural composition, some relatively small structures are omitted in the figure.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the track bed in this embodiment.

[0052] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the track bed 100 in this embodiment is installed on an elevated structure and is used to support steel rails. The track bed 100 is composed of multiple buried track slabs 110 connected end to end.

[0053] The buried track slab 110 is set on the base 200, which is made of concrete and cast onto the viaduct. The buried track slab 110 includes a slab body 111 and a plurality of buried vibration isolators 140. The slab body 111 is a prestressed reinforced concrete slab, precast in a factory and laid on the viaduct. The buried vibration isolators 140 are embedded in the slab body 111 in pairs, with the two buried vibration isolators 140 in each pair located directly below the two rails.

[0054] In this embodiment, the elevated structure is a 30m beam. The slabs 111 include two types: P3500 and P4700. For a 30m beam, seven P3500 slabs and one P4700 slab are laid. The P3500 slab measures 3500mm × 2400mm × 260mm (length × width × thickness) and has six sleepers 112 evenly spaced on it. The P4700 slab measures 4700mm × 2400mm × 260mm (length × width × thickness) and has eight pairs of sleepers 112 evenly spaced on it. The track is installed on the track bed slab 110 via the sleepers 112 and fasteners. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the slabs 111 form part of the beam span slab of the elevated structure. The ends of the slabs 111 located at the beam ends are aligned with the beam ends, and the gaps between the remaining slabs 111 are evenly distributed, with gaps ranging from 50mm to 150mm.

[0055] In addition, such as Figure 3 As shown, four sets of two lifting sleeves 115 are provided on both sides of the width direction of the plate 111 for lifting equipment to lift the plate 111.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of buried vibration isolators 140 are installed below the plate 111 to reduce track vibration and noise during train operation. Specifically, the P3500 type plate has three pairs of buried vibration isolators 140 evenly spaced below it, with each pair positioned between two adjacent pairs of sleepers 112, and each isolator 140 positioned directly below the rail; the P4700 type plate has four pairs of buried vibration isolators 140 evenly spaced below it, with the same installation method.

[0057] also, Figure 1 , Figure 3 The planar positions of each buried vibration isolator 140 are marked with a dashed circle. After installation, the structure of the buried vibration isolator 140 cannot be seen from above the buried track bed slab 110.

[0058] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the buried vibration isolator in this embodiment.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the buried vibration isolator 140 includes a mounting base 141, a spring assembly 142, a height adjustment shim 143, and a limiting post 144.

[0060] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting base in this embodiment.

[0061] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting base at different angles in this embodiment.

[0062] Mounting base 141 is a steel embedded part, which is pre-set in the corresponding position in the steel reinforcement frame of the slab 111 during the pouring of concrete. For example... Figure 5-6 As shown, the mounting base 141 is a circular cap with a shell thickness of 8mm to 12mm. The upper end of the mounting base 141 has a flange 1411 to increase the adhesion and load-bearing capacity of the mounting base 141.

[0063] The spring assembly 142 is generally cylindrical, and its diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting base 141.

[0064] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the spring assembly in this embodiment.

[0065] The spring assembly 142 absorbs the vibration energy transmitted from the plate 111 during train operation through its own elastic deformation, thus playing a role in vibration reduction and noise reduction. Figure 4 , Figure 7 As shown, the spring assembly 142 includes a spring support upper housing 1421, a spring support lower housing 1422, a rubber spring 1423, and a plurality of limiting rubber rings 1424.

[0066] The upper housing 1421 of the spring support is made of metal and is in the shape of a circular cap. Its top inner surface has a circular insert groove 14211, the shape and size of which match the upper end of the rubber spring 1423.

[0067] The lower spring support housing 1422 is also made of metal and is circular in shape, with a diameter smaller than that of the upper spring support housing 1421. Therefore, the two can be fitted together, with the upper spring support housing 1421 covering the lower spring support housing 1422 to form a covering structure. The inner diameter of the lower spring support housing 1422 matches that of the rubber spring 1423. Furthermore, the outer periphery of the lower spring support housing 1422 has two annular rubber ring mounting grooves 14221 for fitting and mounting the limiting rubber ring 1424; the bottom surface of the lower spring support housing 1422 has a circular limiting post mounting groove 14222 for mounting the limiting post 144.

[0068] The rubber spring 1423 is made of vulcanized rubber and has a circular plate-shaped upper and lower end. A circular metal plate is wrapped around both the upper and lower ends of the rubber spring 1423 to ensure that the force borne by both ends is more evenly transmitted to the middle. The middle of the rubber spring 1423 is formed between the upper and lower ends, and the middle part contracts radially inward. Viewed from the side, the two sides of the rubber spring 1423 are inwardly curved arcs.

[0069] The rubber spring 1423 is available in various stiffness specifications. During production, the stiffness of the rubber spring 1423 can be adjusted by modifying the rubber composition and production parameters. In this embodiment, the rubber spring 1423 located in the middle of the plate 111 has a relatively lower stiffness, while the rubber springs 1423 located on both sides of the plate 111 along its length have a relatively higher stiffness. Due to the presence of cross-sections on both sides of the plate 111, relatively larger vibrations will occur. Therefore, this arrangement allows for a more uniform vibration damping effect across the entire plate 111.

[0070] A rubber spring 1423 is disposed inside the encapsulation structure formed by the fitting of the upper spring support housing 1421 and the lower spring support housing 1422. The upper end of the rubber spring 1423 is fitted into the embedding groove 14211 and fixed by adhesive; the lower end of the rubber spring 1423 is fitted into the lower spring support housing 1422 and fixed by adhesive as well, thereby forming a vibration damping component with an overall elastic buffering function.

[0071] Two limiting rubber rings 1424 are respectively fitted into the two rubber ring mounting grooves 14221 of the lower housing 1422 of the spring support, and the limiting rubber rings 1424 protrude outward from the rubber ring mounting grooves 14221. The protruding part of the limiting rubber rings 1424 abuts against the inner surface of the upper housing 1421 of the spring support, thereby forming a lateral limit on the upper and lower housings.

[0072] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the height adjustment pad in this embodiment.

[0073] Figure 9 This is a frontal projection of the height adjustment shim in this embodiment.

[0074] The height adjustment shim 143 is used to adjust the installation height of the spring assembly 142, thereby adjusting the height of various points on the upper surface of the track bed 110. For example... Figure 8-9 As shown, the height adjustment shim 143 is a circular sheet of metal, the diameter of which is basically the same as the diameter of the spring assembly 142. A circular clearance hole 1431 is provided in the middle of the height adjustment shim 143 for the limit post 144 to pass through during installation.

[0075] The height adjustment shims 143 come in various shapes and have different thicknesses, ranging from 2mm to 25mm. Depending on the actual needs of the track, each vibration isolator can be equipped with one or more height adjustment shims 143.

[0076] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting post in this embodiment.

[0077] The limiting post 144 is used to fix the spring assembly 142 to the base 200 and limit its lateral displacement. For example... Figure 4 , Figure 10 As shown, the limiting post 144 is a pin-shaped metal part with an upper cylindrical end 1441 and a lower cylindrical end 1442. During installation, the upper cylindrical end 1441 is embedded in the limiting post mounting groove 14222 at the bottom of the spring-supported lower housing 1422, and the lower cylindrical end 1442 is driven into the base 200 for fixation. The length of the lower cylindrical end 1442 (i.e., the depth of driving into the base) is 40mm to 60mm. In addition, the diameter of the upper cylindrical end 1441 is larger than that of the lower cylindrical end 1442, thus forming a stepped structure at the upper part of the middle of the limiting post 144 to limit the driving depth of the limiting post 144 when driven into the base 200.

[0078] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the buried vibration isolator in this embodiment. Figure 11 The structure of the buried vibration isolator after installation is shown.

[0079] like Figure 11 As shown, after installation, the mounting base 141 is embedded in the lower part of the plate 111, forming a downward-opening circular mounting groove. The upper end of the spring assembly 142 (i.e., the upper housing 1421 of the spring support) is installed in the mounting base 141, and the lower end (i.e., the lower housing 1422 of the spring support) is placed on the base 200, and a limiting structure is formed by the limiting post 144.

[0080] Furthermore, the overall height of the spring assembly 142 and the height adjustment shim 143 is greater than the distance from the inner top surface of the mounting base 141 to the base 200. Therefore, after installation, the plate 111 does not directly contact the base 200, but forms a floating plate, which is connected to the base 200 in a point contact manner through multiple spring assemblies 142.

[0081] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the track bed at the position of the limiting boss in this embodiment.

[0082] like Figure 1 , Figure 12 As shown, the track bed 100 is assembled from multiple track bed slabs 110 joined end to end, with a spacing of 70mm between adjacent track bed slabs 110. On both sides of the slab 111 along its length, there are limiting grooves 114. These limiting grooves 114 are cuboids with chamfered corners and are used to set limiting bosses 400 during assembly. The limiting bosses 400 are cuboid concrete platforms with chamfered corners, their shape matching the limiting grooves 114. During assembly, the limiting bosses 400 engage with the corresponding limiting grooves 114 on the sides of adjacent track bed slabs 110, thereby providing lateral limiting for the track bed slabs 110.

[0083] Figure 13 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the area inside circle B.

[0084] like Figure 13 As shown, a plurality of sealing strips 150 are provided on both sides of the plate 111 in the width direction and between the plate 111 and the base 200. The sealing strips 150 are made of rubber and are used to block the gap between the plate 111 and the base 200 from both sides, preventing dust, debris, etc. from entering the gap from both sides and affecting the vibration reduction effect and service life of the vibration isolator. The sealing strips 150 should meet the sealing requirements and their fire resistance rating should reach Class A (refer to "Classification of Burning Performance of Building Materials and Products" (GB 8624-2012)). One end of the sealing strip 150 in the width direction is bonded to the side of the plate 111 with strong adhesive, and the other end is fixed to the base 200 with rivets 151.

[0085] The following details the construction method for track installation using the aforementioned buried track slab 100. Before construction, basic data collection and benchmark placement are necessary, including the following:

[0086] The measurement of the foundation slab and clearance of the civil engineering structure should be carried out in accordance with the construction conditions of the precast track slab 110, and should not affect the laying of the track slab 110. At the same time, the drainage connection construction before and after the vibration reduction track should be carried out in advance. After the acceptance conditions are met, the benchmark points should be set up in a timely manner.

[0087] Construction then proceeded based on the revised design plan.

[0088] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of track construction using buried track slabs in this embodiment.

[0089] like Figure 14 As shown, the specific process for track construction using the aforementioned buried track slab 110 includes the following steps:

[0090] Step S1: Set the installation positions of a plurality of buried vibration isolators 140 on the base 200.

[0091] The base 200 is made of poured concrete. Before pouring concrete, the base formwork should be installed, and any water accumulation in the foundation should be cleared. Concrete construction can only proceed after the design requirements are met. The base 200 uses C40 fine concrete. The construction error of the foundation elevation at the predetermined vibration isolator position on the base 200 is (+0, -5) mm. The minimum protective layer thickness of the reinforcing steel is controlled at 35 mm. At the same time, the base 200 should have pre-embedded reinforcing steel for the limiting bosses 400 according to the track bed segments (i.e., the segments of track slab 110), and rough surfaces should be reserved at the predetermined positions of the limiting bosses 400.

[0092] The strength testing and evaluation of self-compacting concrete shall be carried out in accordance with the "Standard for Strength Testing and Evaluation of Concrete" (GB / T 50107). Quality inspection and acceptance shall be carried out in accordance with the "Code for Acceptance of Quality of Concrete Structures" (GB 50204).

[0093] After the concrete foundation is poured, curing measures such as covering, water retention, film moisturizing, spraying or brushing curing agents should be taken in a timely manner, and the curing time should not be less than five days. After the foundation is poured and has initially set for 24 hours, the vibration isolator positions can be set and the secondary benchmark measurement can be carried out.

[0094] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of setting the installation position of the vibration isolator in this embodiment.

[0095] like Figure 15 As shown, step S1 specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0096] Step S1-1: Measure the base 200 using the base points on the base 200, and based on the measurement results, determine the installation positions (three-way) of each buried vibration isolator 140 and mark them.

[0097] Based on the measurement data, the parts of the base 200 that do not meet the design requirements also need to be treated. These parts need to be re-grinded or filled with grout to ensure that the surface elevation of the concrete base 200 under each vibration isolator is within the required range of (+0, -5) mm within a diameter of 1 m.

[0098] Step S1-2: According to the multiple installation positions set in step S1-1, drive multiple limiting posts 144 into the base 200 respectively.

[0099] The limiting post 144 is driven into the substrate 200 to a depth of 45mm.

[0100] Step S2: For each installation position set in step S1, the height adjustment shim 143 and the spring assembly 142 are placed in sequence at the installation position.

[0101] The required thickness and quantity of height adjustment shims 143 are calculated based on the elevation measured on the foundation, and the corresponding height adjustment shims 143 are selected. The spring assembly 142 and the height adjustment shims 143 are transported to the designated location in advance for assembly.

[0102] During assembly, the height adjustment shim 143 is placed on the base 200 at the installation position, with the clearance hole 1432 in the middle of the height adjustment shim 143 passing through the limiting post 144. The spring assembly 142 is stacked on the height adjustment shim 143, and the upper end of the limiting post 144 is embedded in the limiting post mounting groove 14222 on the bottom surface of the spring support lower housing 1422.

[0103] Step S3: The pre-cast plate 111 is placed on the base 200 using hoisting equipment. Multiple mounting seats 141 for buried vibration isolators 140 are pre-embedded under the plate 111. After the plate 111 is lowered, the upper ends of each spring assembly 142 are embedded in the corresponding mounting seats 141.

[0104] In this embodiment, the hoisting equipment is a rail-mounted or railless laying hoist. After the plate 111 is lifted by four sets of lifting sleeves 115 on its side, it is moved to the laying position and positioned according to the measurement data, aligning the center line, end line, and side line of the plate 111. After the hoisting equipment lowers the plate 111, each spring support upper housing 1421 is embedded in the corresponding outer cover 141, and the plate 111 enters the spring support state, forming a floating plate.

[0105] In step S4, after the plate 111 is placed in place, a force testing tool is used to test the force on all spring assemblies 142 to determine whether there is any looseness.

[0106] Step S4a: Determine if the spring assembly 142 is loose. If yes, proceed to step S5; if no, proceed to step S6.

[0107] In step S5, some spring assemblies 142 are loose and not under stress. The plate 111 is then lifted up again using hoisting equipment, and the corresponding height adjustment shims 143 are replaced according to the stress test results. Then, the process returns to step S4.

[0108] All spring assemblies 142 should be fully stressed. If any spring assemblies 142 are found to be loose, the required thickness and quantity of height adjustment shims 142 should be recalculated based on the stress test results. The plate 111 should be raised again and the shims replaced accordingly. Then, return to step S4 and re-perform the stress test. Repeat this process until all spring assemblies 142 are fully stressed, thereby ensuring the vibration reduction effect and the safety of the track.

[0109] Step S6: Install a plurality of sealing strips 150 between the two sides of the plate 111 in the width direction and the base 200 to form the buried track bed 110 described above.

[0110] After constructing multiple buried track slabs 100 sequentially according to the above steps, a position for casting the limiting boss 400 is formed between two adjacent buried track slabs 100. An elastic pad 401 is first placed at this position, followed by concrete pouring to form the limiting boss 400, thus obtaining the track bed for mounting the rails. Afterwards, the rails can be transported to the work surface, and using a combination of small cranes and manual labor, the rails are placed in the rail bearing grooves of the fastener's iron pads, and gauge blocks, connecting bolts, and elastic clips are installed. Welding between rails can be planned according to the track construction situation, and on-site welding can be used. After installation, the geometric dimensions of the rails are inspected, and their geometric dimensions should meet the requirements of Tables 1 and 2 below.

[0111] Table 1. Allowable Deviation of Curve

[0112]

[0113] Table 2. Permissible Deviations in Track Geometry

[0114] Serial Number Inspection items Deviation requirements 1 Fastener spacing ±5mm 2 gauge +2, -1, rate of change ≤ 1‰ 3 level 2mm 4 distortion 2mm 5 Track direction For straight lines, the deviation should not exceed 2mm / 10m chord; for curves, see Table 2 for versine deviation. 6 High and low The track surface appears smooth, and the maximum sagittal is ≤2mm / 10m chord. 7 Midline deviation 2mm 8 Elevation ±5mm 9 Rail bottom slope 1 / 35～1 / 45

[0115] If the geometric dimensions of the rail do not meet the requirements of Tables 1 and 2, they can be adjusted by adjusting the gauge blocks and moving the shims. The height of the rail can also be adjusted by adding shims of different specifications to the fasteners.

[0116] Finally, the completed track slabs and rails shall be inspected and accepted. Acceptance of track geometry shall be carried out in accordance with the "Standard for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Railway Track Engineering" (TB 10413). Acceptance of concrete quality shall be carried out in accordance with the "Standard for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Railway Track Engineering" (TB 10413) and the "Standard for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Railway Concrete and Masonry Engineering" (TB 10424).

[0117] In this embodiment, the parts not described in detail are well-known technologies in the art.

[0118] <Example 2>

[0119] This embodiment provides a buried track bed slab. Compared with Embodiment 1, the difference is that in the buried track bed slab of this embodiment, the spring assembly of the buried vibration isolator adopts a double anti-detachment structure with magnetic attraction and bracket.

[0120] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spring assembly in this embodiment.

[0121] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spring assembly at different angles in this embodiment.

[0122] Figure 18This is an exploded view of the spring assembly in this embodiment.

[0123] like Figure 16-18 As shown, the buried vibration isolator 140 of this embodiment also includes a magnet 1425 and an anti-detachment bracket 1426 in its spring assembly 142.

[0124] The magnet 1425 is used to attract and fix the spring assembly 142 in the mounting base 141. In this embodiment, the mounting base 141 is made of steel, and the magnet 1425 is a strong magnet that can attract steel. The magnet 1425 is cylindrical, with a through mounting hole in its middle.

[0125] The top surface of the upper housing 1421 of the spring support also has a circular magnet mounting groove 14212 in the center, the shape and size of which match the magnet 1425. The bottom surface of the magnet mounting groove 14212 also has a through mounting hole in the center, so the magnet 1425 can be fitted into the magnet mounting groove 14212 and fixed by a connector.

[0126] The anti-detachment bracket 1426 is used to prevent the spring assembly 142 from detaching during handling, which could damage the rubber springs and affect construction efficiency. Figure 15-16 As shown, the anti-detachment bracket 1426 includes a pair of connecting plates 14261, a pair of bracket connectors 14262, and a plurality of bracket fasteners 14263.

[0127] Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting plate in this embodiment.

[0128] like Figure 19 As shown, the connecting plate 14261 is a metal part, L-shaped, with two mutually perpendicular sections. One section has two fixing holes 14261a, and the other section has a limiting strip hole 14261b. The length direction of the limiting strip hole 14261b is consistent with the extension direction of the section.

[0129] The bracket connector 14262 is used to movably fix one end of the connecting plate 14261 with the limiting strip hole 14261b to the outer periphery of the spring support upper housing 1421. For example... Figure 16 As shown, the periphery of the upper housing 1421 of the spring support also has a pair of bracket connection holes. The bracket connector 14262 passes through both the limiting strip hole 14261b and the bracket connection hole on the upper housing 1421 of the spring support, thereby connecting one end of the connecting plate 14261 to the upper housing 1421 of the spring support. This end can move vertically relative to the upper housing 1421 of the spring support, and the range of movement is the length range of the limiting strip hole 14261b.

[0130] The bracket fastener 14263 is used to fix the other end of the connecting plate 14261 to the bottom of the spring-supported lower housing 1422.

[0131] Figure 20 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower shell supported by the spring in this embodiment.

[0132] like Figure 20 As shown, the bottom of the lower housing 1422 supported by the spring also has a pair of connecting plate grooves 14223, the shape of which is consistent with the end of the connecting plate 1461 with the fixing hole 14261a, and the connecting plate grooves 14223 are outwardly through. The pair of connecting plate grooves 14223 are arranged opposite to each other. One end of the connecting plate groove 14223 has two through connecting member mounting holes, the positions of which correspond to the two fixing holes 14261a of the connecting member 1461. Therefore, this end of the connecting plate 1461 can be fitted into the connecting plate groove 14223 and fixed by the bracket fixing member 14263, so that this end of the connecting plate 1461 plays a connecting and supporting role for the lower housing 1422 supported by the spring.

[0133] Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the bracket connector 14262 and the bracket fixing member 14263 are screws.

[0134] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional view of the spring assembly in this embodiment. Figure 21 The image shows the spring assembly 142 assembled as a single unit.

[0135] like Figure 21 As shown, due to the corresponding mounting groove structure, the upper surface of the magnet 1425 is flush with the upper surface of the spring support upper housing 1421, and the lower surface of the L-shaped connecting plate 14261 is flush with the lower surface of the spring support lower housing 1422, so that the upper and lower shapes of the spring assembly 142 are the same as those in Embodiment 1. Other components of the vibration isolator do not need to be adjusted. Therefore, the spring assembly 142 of this embodiment can be installed in the same way as in Embodiment 1.

[0136] Because of the adoption of a double anti-detachment structure, the spring assembly 142 of the buried vibration isolator 140 in this embodiment will not detach during transportation. After installation, the spring assembly 142 can be adsorbed and fixed in the mounting base 141.

[0137] In this embodiment, the other structures and working principles are the same as in Embodiment 1. When the track is constructed, the spring assembly 142 in this embodiment is also installed as a whole. Therefore, the construction method is the same as in Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.

[0138] Functions and effects of the embodiments

[0139] According to the buried track slab 110, track bed 100 and their construction method provided in this embodiment, since the buried track slab 110 has multiple buried vibration isolators 140, the slab body 111 is set on the base 200 by the rubber springs 144 of the multiple buried vibration isolators 140, that is, by point support, the rigid connection between the track structure and the base structure is broken, and the impact energy of the train running is absorbed by the multiple rubber springs 144, thereby achieving the effect of track vibration reduction and noise reduction. Furthermore, the construction method of this embodiment incorporates the concept of prefabricated buildings, allowing for simultaneous operation across multiple sections, stations, and points. This improves construction accuracy and efficiency. Specifically, the slab 111 is a prefabricated concrete slab with a vibration isolator mounting groove 112 at the bottom. The vibration isolator mounting groove 112 contains the outer cover 141 of the buried vibration isolator 140. During construction, simply place the height adjustment shim 142 and the spring support shell 143 containing the rubber spring 144 on the vibration isolator position set on the base 200, and then place the prefabricated slab 111 on the base 200, so that the spring support shell 143 is embedded in the corresponding outer cover 141. This completes the construction of the buried track bed slab 100. Therefore, the construction is convenient, easy to automate, has a shorter construction period, requires less on-site concrete casting, and causes less environmental pollution. It is suitable for the construction of vibration-damping tracks on elevated structures. Furthermore, since the buried vibration isolator 140 of the present invention is located below the plate 111 and there is no exposed structure above the plate 111, the buried track bed slab 110 after construction also has the advantage of beautiful appearance.

[0140] Furthermore, the rubber spring 1423 is fitted and bonded within the enclosed space formed by the upper housing 1421 and the lower housing 1422 of the spring support, forming an integral elastic damping structure. This protects the rubber spring 1423, extends its service life, and reasonably constrains its degrees of freedom, ensuring the safety and stability of the overall structure. Moreover, during construction, the spring assembly 1422 only needs to be installed as a whole, making construction convenient and quick.

[0141] In Embodiment 2, the lower housing 1422 is further protected by an anti-detachment bracket 1426, which prevents the upper and lower housings from separating during transport. This protects the rubber spring 1423 and the construction workers, and makes the transport of the spring assembly 142 more convenient, further improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, the anti-detachment bracket 1426 restricts the lower housing 1422's movement relative to the upper housing 1421 to a certain range, allowing it to move vertically but not horizontally or rotate. This further constrains the freedom of the rubber spring 1423, ensuring the safety and stability of the overall structure.

[0142] In addition, in Embodiment 2, a strong magnet is provided on the top of the spring assembly 142, so that it can be attracted and fixed in the corresponding mounting base 141, further enhancing the stability of the overall structure.

[0143] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate specific implementations of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the description of the above embodiments.

[0144] In the above embodiment, taking a 30m beam as an example, seven P3500 type slabs and one P4700 type slab are provided. Three pairs of buried vibration dampers 140 are evenly spaced on the P3500 type slab, and four pairs of buried vibration dampers 140 are evenly spaced on the P4700 type slab. In an alternative embodiment, depending on the dimensions of the viaduct beam, different numbers and sizes of prefabricated slabs 111 can be used, and multiple pairs of buried vibration dampers 140 can be installed according to the corresponding proportions, achieving the same technical effect.

[0145] In the above embodiment, the limiting boss 400 is a cuboid concrete platform with chamfered corners. Correspondingly, the two sides of the plate 111 along its length have matching square limiting grooves 114 with chamfered corners. The two opposing limiting grooves 114 of two adjacent plates 111 respectively engage with a limiting boss 400, thereby achieving a lateral limiting function. In an alternative embodiment, the limiting boss 400 can also be a concrete platform of other shapes, such as a cylinder. Correspondingly, the two sides of the plate 111 along its length have matching semi-cylindrical limiting grooves 114, which can also achieve the corresponding technical effect.

[0146] In the above embodiments, the buried track slab 110 and track bed 100 are used in elevated tracks. In practical applications, the buried track slab 110 and track bed 100 can also be used in other tracks, such as ordinary tracks or tunnel tracks.

Claims

1. A buried track slab, installed in an elevated track, characterized in that, include: Plate; and Multiple buried vibration isolators are embedded in the plate. Among them, a plurality of the buried vibration isolators are arranged according to a predetermined layout rule. Each of the buried vibration isolators includes a spring assembly, height adjustment shims, a limiting post, and a steel mounting base. The mounting base is embedded below the plate. The spring assembly includes: The upper housing is supported by a spring, with a magnet mounting slot in the center of its top surface and a pair of bracket connection holes on its periphery. The lower housing is spring-supported and fits into the upper housing to form a covering structure, and its bottom has a limiting post mounting groove; A rubber spring is disposed inside the encapsulation structure; A magnet is fitted and fixed in the magnet mounting groove, for adsorbing and fixing the upper housing of the spring support in the mounting base; and The anti-detachment bracket includes a pair of connecting plates, a pair of bracket connectors, and multiple bracket fixing components. The connecting plates are L-shaped, with a strip-shaped hole at one end and a fixing hole at the other end. The bracket connectors pass through the strip-shaped hole and the bracket connector hole on the upper housing of the spring support, thereby movably connecting one end of the connecting plate relative to the upper housing of the spring support in a vertical direction. The other end of the connecting plate is fixed to the bottom of the lower housing of the spring support via the bracket fixing components. One end of the limiting post is embedded in the limiting post mounting groove, and the other end is driven into the base.

2. The buried track slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The plate is 3500mm long and is used to install 6 pairs of sleepers. The rails are placed on the sleepers. The predetermined arrangement rule is as follows: Three pairs of buried vibration isolators are installed at equal intervals below the plate. Each pair of buried vibration isolators is installed between two adjacent pairs of sleepers. Each of the buried vibration isolators is positioned directly beneath the rail.

3. The buried track slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The plate is 4700mm long and is used to install 8 pairs of sleepers. The rails are placed on the sleepers. The predetermined arrangement rule is as follows: Four pairs of buried vibration isolators are installed at equal intervals below the plate. Each pair of buried vibration isolators is installed between two adjacent pairs of sleepers. Each of the buried vibration isolators is positioned directly beneath the rail.

4. The buried track slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The bottom of the lower housing supported by the spring has a pair of connecting plate grooves, the shape of which matches the end of the connecting plate with the fixing hole. This end of the connecting plate is fitted into the connecting plate groove. One end of the groove of the connecting plate has two through-holes for mounting the connecting parts, which correspond to the two fixing holes on the connecting parts.

5. A track bed, characterized in that, include: Multiple buried track slabs are connected end to end in sequence; and Multiple limiting bosses are used to laterally limit the movement of two adjacent buried track slabs. The buried track slab is the buried track slab as described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. The track bed according to claim 5, characterized in that, include: The limiting boss is cylindrical or cuboid in shape. The buried track slab has two limiting grooves on both sides along its length, and the shape of the limiting grooves matches the limiting boss. The limiting protrusions engage with the limiting grooves on the corresponding sides of the two adjacent buried track slabs.

7. A construction method for elevated track construction using buried track slabs as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Set the installation positions of a plurality of buried vibration isolators on the substrate; Step S2: For each of the installation positions, height adjustment shims and spring assemblies are placed sequentially and stacked at the installation position; Step S3: The pre-cast slab is placed on the base using hoisting equipment. Multiple mounting seats for the buried vibration isolators are pre-embedded under the slab, and the upper end of each spring assembly is embedded in the corresponding mounting seat. Step S4: Use a force testing tool to test the force on all the spring assemblies to determine if there is any loosening. If the determination in step S5 is yes, the plate is lifted again by the hoisting equipment, and the corresponding height adjustment shim is replaced according to the force detection result, and then the process returns to step S4.

8. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: in, Step S1 includes the following sub-steps: Step S1-1: Measure the base using the base markers on the base, and set the installation position of the buried vibration isolator based on the measurement results; Step S1-2: According to the installation position, drive each of the limiting posts into the base. In step S2, when the height adjustment shim and the spring assembly are placed on the base, the limiting post passes through the clearance hole of the height adjustment shim, and one end of the limiting post is embedded in the limiting post mounting groove at the bottom of the spring support housing of the spring assembly.

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