Pile sinking device and construction process of vibro-replacement pile

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of vibration stone pile sinking device and the construction technology of pile driving and pulling with the sinking device, crane main arm top, pulley group and pile rack top coaxial, when the load of pile driving mechanism is larger, its force is directly transmitted to main arm, load is borne by main arm, pile reduces the stress of pile rack, avoids the head of pile rack to bear all bending moment, so that it improves the bearing capacity of pile rack without increasing the weight of pile rack, realizes the reduction of equipment cost, and increases the amplitude of front, left and right of thrust mechanism, one end of thrust mechanism is hinged with the bottom of pile rack, the other end is hinged with crawler crane rotary table, when main arm amplitude, always ensure that pile rack is in vertical state by adjusting thrust mechanism, so as to ensure the perpendicularity of pile rack and ground, and improve the efficiency of pile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a vibratory stone pile driving device and construction process. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, infrastructure construction projects are becoming increasingly large-scale, and the requirements for foundation treatment are also becoming more stringent. In particular, when constructing various buildings on poor foundations, it is necessary to improve the poor foundations according to different geological conditions in order to meet the requirements for constructing various buildings on this basis. Foundation treatment engineering is playing an increasingly important role in the engineering construction industry.

[0003] The existing invention patent with application number CN202211603084.9 discloses a vibratory pile driving unit and construction process, which transforms the original walking pile frame into a crawler crane. Utilizing the flexible mobility of the crawler crane, it can move to drive the next pile immediately after the previous one has been driven. At this time, crushed stone can be added to the previous pile, and after the addition is completed, the pile can be extracted. This back-and-forth operation greatly improves construction efficiency. The crawler crane is equipped with an adjustment frame, and the bottom of the adjustment frame is fixed by a bottom-fixing hydraulic cylinder. The mast adjusts the upper position of the pile frame, and the adjustment frame adjusts the lower position of the pile frame to ensure the verticality of the crushed stone pile during driving and extraction. During use, the mast adjusts the position of the pile frame, and the vibratory lifting mechanism drives the hoisting rope to drive the vibratory hammer through the slide frame, allowing it to move up and down the pile frame for driving or extracting piles.

[0004] In the above-mentioned construction scheme, the crawler crane works in conjunction with the piling equipment. The piling equipment, under its own power, drives a steel pipe with a diameter of 0.25-1.2 meters into the ground to a predetermined depth. The crane then pulls the piling equipment out. At this time, in addition to overcoming the weight of the piling equipment itself, the crane also needs to overcome the resistance of the soil to the steel pipe. The larger the diameter of the steel pipe, the greater the load-bearing requirements of the crawler crane. In the above-mentioned scheme, the pile frame is hinged to the mast. The pile frame is the main component and bears the entire load of the piling equipment. When the piling equipment moves up and down, the pile frame needs to guide it. The bottom of the pile frame is supported on the ground, and the top is fixed with a pulley block. The hook is connected to the pulley block through a wire rope. The piling equipment is connected to the hook and moves up and down together with the hook. After the piling equipment completes its work, the crane needs to bear a large load when lifting the piling equipment, including the weight of the piling equipment itself and the resistance of the soil to the piling equipment. In addition, the piling frame is long, which generates a large bending moment and is unstable. As a result, the construction party needs to add a large amount of weight to increase the load-bearing capacity of the piling frame, which is costly and uneconomical. At the same time, when the construction ground is uneven, the existing piling frame cannot be adjusted in the horizontal, front-back and left-right directions, and cannot ensure the verticality of the piling frame to the ground, which makes the piling time longer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vibratory stone crushing pile driving device and a construction process for driving and extracting piles using the above-mentioned prior art, in order to address the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a vibratory stone pile driving device, comprising a crane, a main boom mounted on the crane, a pile frame, a hoisting rope, and a pile driving device, wherein the pile driving device is movably mounted on the pile frame, characterized in that: the top of the pile frame and the main boom are hinged together by a main shaft; a thrust mechanism for adjusting the bottom position of the pile frame is provided at one end of the crane near the bottom of the pile frame; a plurality of pulley blocks are sleeved on the main shaft; the main boom, pulley blocks, and pile frame are coaxially arranged through the main shaft; a hook is provided after the hoisting rope passes over the pulley blocks; the hook is connected to the pile driving device to pull the pile driving device up and down along the pile frame, and the verticality of the pile frame is adjusted by pushing the bottom of the pile frame through the thrust mechanism.

[0007] The above technical solution uses a coaxial configuration where the top of the crane's main boom, pulley block, and pile frame top are aligned. When the pile driving mechanism is under heavy load, the force is directly transferred to the main boom, which bears the load. This reduces the stress on the pile frame and prevents the pile frame head from bearing the entire bending moment, thus increasing the pile frame's load-bearing capacity without increasing its weight. This reduces equipment costs and allows for forward and left / right luffing via a thrust mechanism. One end of the thrust mechanism is hinged to the bottom of the pile frame, and the other end is hinged to the crawler crane's turntable. When the main boom luffs, adjusting the thrust mechanism ensures that the bottom of the pile frame and the upper main shaft are always on the same vertical centerline, thus guaranteeing the pile frame's perpendicularity to the ground and improving pile driving efficiency. The pulley block is connected to the hook via a lifting rope, and the hook is connected to the pile driving equipment. The pulley block further enhances the crane's construction efficiency.

[0008] The aforementioned vibratory stone pile driving device can be further configured such that: a vertical hydraulic cylinder is provided at one end of the pile frame away from the main shaft, one end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pile frame, and the other end abuts against the roadbed box.

[0009] Using the above technical solution, the vertical hydraulic cylinder is supported on the roadbed box. During operation, the main boom of the crawler crane deforms downward under force, and the length of the vertical hydraulic cylinder changes accordingly, keeping the pressure of the vertical hydraulic cylinder constant. Therefore, the forces on the vertical hydraulic cylinder and the pile frame remain unchanged. The pressure of the vertical hydraulic cylinder remains unchanged, while the length changes, keeping the pile frame stable. At the same time, the pile frame is designed in sections for easy transportation. The verticality of the crushed stone pile is checked by observing the stroke of the support rod at the output end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] The aforementioned vibratory stone pile driving device can be further configured as follows: the thrust mechanism includes a first support rod hinged to the crane, a second support rod hinged to the pile frame, and a first adjusting cylinder hinged to the first support rod and the second support rod respectively. The ends of the first support rod and the second support rod are hinged to each other and form an included angle α. The first adjusting cylinder is used to adjust the size of the included angle α and control the distance between the bottom of the pile frame and the crane.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the ground is uneven or the main boom undergoes small-range amplitude changes, the size of the included angle α is controlled by controlling the first adjusting oil cylinder to ensure that the pile frame is always in a vertical state, thereby ensuring the perpendicularity of the pile frame to the ground and improving the efficiency of pile driving.

[0012] The aforementioned vibratory stone pile driving device can be further configured as follows: the thrust mechanism includes a first support rod hinged to the crane, a second support rod hinged to the pile frame, and a first adjusting cylinder disposed within the second support rod. The first support rod is sleeved inside the second support rod and connected to the output end of the first adjusting cylinder. The first adjusting cylinder is used to adjust the length of the first support rod extending beyond the second support rod, thereby controlling the distance between the bottom of the pile frame and the crane.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the ground is uneven or the main boom undergoes small-range amplitude changes, the first adjusting cylinder controls the first support rod to slide within the second support rod to adjust the length of the thrust mechanism, ensuring that the pile frame is always in a vertical state, thereby ensuring the verticality of the pile frame to the ground and improving the efficiency of pile driving.

[0014] The aforementioned vibratory stone pile driving device can be further configured such that: a second adjusting cylinder is provided on one side of the crane corresponding to the thrust mechanism, one end of the second adjusting cylinder is hinged to the crane, and the other end is connected to the thrust mechanism, thereby driving the thrust mechanism to swing left and right.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the crane is uneven due to the construction environment, the thrust mechanism can be adjusted to move left and right by extending and retracting the second adjusting cylinder, so that the pile frame can be adjusted to be in a vertical state by tilting left and right, thereby ensuring the verticality of the pile frame to the ground and improving the efficiency of pile driving.

[0016] The aforementioned vibratory stone pile driving device can be further configured such that: a counterweight is provided at the end of the crane away from the pile driving equipment, the counterweight is connected to a pull plate rope, one end of the pull plate rope is connected to the counterweight, and the other end passes around the pulley block and is connected to the hook.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a counterweight is set at the other end of the crane, with one end of the pull rope connected to the counterweight and the other end connected to the hook, which is used to balance the weight of the pile driving equipment and maintain stability. The counterweight, the pile driving equipment and the pulley block form a triangular load-bearing structure. The stability of the triangle makes the pile driving operation more stable.

[0018] The aforementioned vibratory crushed stone pile driving device can be further configured as follows: the pile driving equipment includes a vibratory hammer connected to a hook and a crushed stone pile held by the vibratory hammer. The vibratory hammer is movably installed on the pile frame via a slide frame. The hook connects to the lifting point of the vibratory hammer and drives the vibratory hammer to slide up and down along the pile frame. The vibratory hammer has several clamps for holding the crushed stone pile at one end facing the crushed stone pile. The bottom of the vibratory hammer has a sealing plug adapted to the pile opening of the crushed stone pile. The sealing plug is inserted into the pile opening of the crushed stone pile along with the vibratory hammer and seals the pile opening. One side of the crushed stone pile has an air inlet for connecting to an external air source. The end away from the sealing plug has a valve. The sealing plug has a material level sensor for detecting the material level inside the crushed stone pile and a vibration damping mechanism for damping the vibration of the material level sensor.

[0019] Using the above technical solution, a vibratory hammer is used to clamp and vibrate crushed stone piles for driving, improving pile driving efficiency. The pile frame is designed with guide rails that cooperate with the sliding frame on the vibratory hammer, facilitating the up-and-down movement of the crushed stone pile while clamping it, ensuring the relative position between the pile frame and the crushed stone pile remains unchanged. The crushed stone pile opening is preferably hopper-shaped with a hinged bottom. The opening diameter of the hopper-shaped opening is larger than the internal diameter of the crushed stone pile. The bottom of the vibratory hammer is equipped with a sealing plug adapted to the hopper-shaped opening. When the vibratory hammer's clamp holds the crushed stone pile, the seal... The plug is also inserted into the hopper-shaped opening of the crushed stone pile along with the vibratory hammer, sealing the hopper-shaped opening. The crushed stone pile is a variable-diameter pile, with a larger upper end and a smaller lower end. The larger diameter hopper-shaped opening at the upper end is used directly as the hopper, and the volume of the upper pile diameter is accurately calculated to supplement the filling coefficient of the crushed stone pile. It also serves as the clamping point for the vibratory hammer. The tip of the lower pile is equipped with a flap, which tightens when driven downwards and opens when pulled upwards due to the combined action of the weight of the crushed stone and air pressure. The bottom of the vibratory hammer is designed with a sealing plug, and the vibratory hammer is inserted into the crushed stone pile. The hopper-shaped opening at the top of the stone pile creates a sealed space inside during pile extraction. Air is pumped into the pile through an air inlet, using air pressure to efficiently and effectively expel the crushed stone through the hole, preventing stone loss and improving the bearing capacity of the soft soil foundation. A level sensor monitors the material surface inside the stone pile in real time, ensuring the filling coefficient of the material surface, improving the bearing capacity of the stone pile composite foundation and reducing settlement. The vibration damping mechanism reduces the impact of vibration on the level sensor during pile extraction, preventing erroneous level detection. This level sensor is either a radar level gauge or an infrared level gauge. The radar level gauge operates on the time-of-flight principle. Radar waves travel at the speed of light, and the travel time can be converted into a level signal by electronic components. The probe emits high-frequency pulses that propagate along a cable. When the pulses encounter the material surface, they are reflected back and received by the receiver inside the instrument, converting the distance signal into a level signal, thus facilitating the construction team to confirm the filling coefficient of the crushed stone pile.

[0020] The aforementioned vibratory crushed stone pile driving device can be further configured as follows: the vibration damping mechanism includes an installation cavity opened in a sealing plug and an installation plate fixedly connected to the installation cavity. The installation plate confines the material level sensor within the installation cavity. The installation plate has a detection slot corresponding to the material level sensor. The material level sensor is fixedly installed on the material level seat, and its detection part protrudes from the material level seat. Both ends of the material level seat abut against several elastic vibration damping sleeves. The fastener passes through the elastic vibration damping sleeves and the material level seat and is connected to the installation plate, forming a vibration damping space for the material level sensor to be damped inside.

[0021] Using the above technical solution, the elastic damping sleeve is preferably made of rubber. The material level sensor is installed on the material level seat, with the detection part protruding from the material level seat and facing the detection slot, facilitating the material level sensor to detect the material level of the crushed stone pile. The elastic damping sleeves are distributed around the material level sensor on the two axial end faces of the material level seat, forming a damping space between the two axially arranged elastic damping sleeves for the material level sensor to dampen vibration. Because the rubber elastic damping sleeves have a greater impact stiffness than dynamic stiffness, and a greater dynamic stiffness than static stiffness, they are beneficial in reducing impact deformation and dynamic deformation. They can fully absorb the vibration generated during the vibratory driving and pulling of the pile, thus damping the material level sensor and reducing the impact of vibratory driving and pulling of the pile on the material level. To mitigate the impact of the sensor and prevent erroneous level detection, the level sensor and vibration damping mechanism are housed within the mounting cavity to prevent damage to their components. Furthermore, to ensure the stability of the vibration damping mechanism, gaskets can be placed at the other end of the elastic damping sleeve to prevent it from detaching, thus improving stability. Additionally, a cover plate can be added to the corresponding detection slot on the mounting plate to seal off gas and protect the front of the level sensor from dust contamination, which could lead to inaccurate detection. When the level sensor is an infrared level timer, a transparent cover plate that allows infrared light to pass through should be used; when the level sensor is a radar level timer, a cover plate made of a material that allows radar waves to penetrate should be used.

[0022] The aforementioned vibratory crushed stone pile driving device can be further configured as follows: the vibration damping mechanism includes an installation cavity opened in a sealing plug and an installation plate fixedly connected to the installation cavity. The installation plate confines the material level sensor in the installation cavity. The material level sensor is fixedly installed on the elastic vibration damping plate. The installation plate has a detection slot corresponding to the material level sensor. The elastic vibration damping plate is fixedly connected to the installation plate. The detection part of the material level sensor extends out of the elastic vibration damping plate and faces the detection slot.

[0023] Using the above technical solution, the elastic damping disc is preferably made of rubber. The level sensor is fixed on the elastic damping disc, and the detection part extends through the elastic damping disc and the detection slot, which facilitates the level sensor to detect the level of the crushed stone pile. When vibration occurs, the rubber elastic damping disc, due to its impact stiffness being greater than its dynamic stiffness, and its dynamic stiffness being greater than its static stiffness, helps to reduce impact deformation and dynamic deformation. It can fully absorb the vibration generated during the vibration driving and pulling of the pile, thus reducing the impact of vibration driving and pulling of the pile on the level sensor and avoiding its level detection errors. At the same time, the level sensor and the vibration damping mechanism are set in the installation cavity to prevent damage to their parts. In addition, a cover plate can be added at the detection slot of the installation disc to seal the gas and protect the front of the level sensor from dust contamination, which could lead to inaccurate detection. When the level sensor is an infrared level timer, the cover plate is a transparent cover plate that allows infrared light to pass through. When the level sensor is a radar level timer, the cover plate is made of a material that allows radar waves to pass through.

[0024] A construction process for driving and extracting piles using the aforementioned vibratory crushed stone pile driving device includes the following steps:

[0025] S1. Drill several pile holes at the construction site for the insertion of the crushed stone piles, and insert the crushed stone piles vertically into the pile holes. Loosen the surface rocks and pond slag at the construction site or dig down to the mud surface soil layer.

[0026] S2. The crawler crane adjusts the position of the main boom and thrust mechanism to make the pile frame vertically set on one side of the crushed stone pile. A vertical hydraulic cylinder is installed at the bottom of the pile frame. By driving the hoisting rope, the linkage hook drives the vibratory hammer to move down and clamp the crushed stone pile in the pile hole to start the pile driving. The crawler crane pulls the hoisting rope to slowly return the hook and slowly drive the pile down. After the crushed stone pipe is stable, it is quickly inserted into the soil. A verticality detector is installed below the pile frame to observe the verticality. The verticality of the crushed stone pile is controlled within 1%.

[0027] S3. Lower the vertical cylinder support rod to the ground and check the verticality of the crushed stone pile by observing the adjustment of the vertical cylinder support rod stroke.

[0028] S4. After the crushed stone pipe is driven to the preset elevation, open the clamp of the vibratory hammer to allow subsequent crushed stone to be fed into the crushed stone pile.

[0029] S5. Measure the volume of crushed stone according to the volume of the crushed stone pile, and transport the crushed stone into the hopper-shaped pile opening.

[0030] S6. The vibratory hammer clamps the crushed stone pile, and the sealing plug is inserted into the hopper-shaped pile opening to form a sealed space inside the crushed stone pile. An air compressor is used to add air to the inside of the crushed stone pile through the air inlet until the air compressor pressure gauge reaches the range of 0.4-0.8MPa. Then, the vibratory hammer pre-vibrates before pulling out the crushed stone pile. The speed of pulling out the crushed stone pile is controlled within 2 meters per minute. The material level sensor installed inside the crushed stone pile monitors the material surface inside the crushed stone pile in real time to ensure a filling coefficient of more than 1.2 until the pile is pulled out.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution and construction process, rapid pile driving and extraction can be achieved. The pressure gauge of the air compressor and the material level sensor can detect the filling of crushed stone inside the crushed stone pile in real time. The verticality of the crushed stone pile can be ensured by the thrust mechanism, vertical detector and vertical cylinder, thereby improving the bearing capacity and construction efficiency of the soft foundation after the crushed stone pile driving operation.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The top of the main boom, the pulley block and the top of the pile frame of the crawler crane are coaxial. When the load of the pile driving mechanism is large, its force is directly transmitted to the main boom and the load is borne by the main boom. The pile frame is less stressed, which solves the problem of large stress on the pile frame in the prior art and ensures that the stress on the pile frame is always stable and small.

[0033] 2. The top of the pile frame is hinged to the main boom of the crawler crane, and the bottom of the pile frame is hinged to the vertical hydraulic cylinder and thrust mechanism. The pile frame has a segmented structure, which facilitates transportation.

[0034] 3. The vertical hydraulic cylinder is supported on the roadbed box. During operation, the main boom of the crawler crane deforms downward under force, and the length of the vertical hydraulic cylinder changes accordingly. The pressure of the vertical hydraulic cylinder remains constant, so the forces on the vertical hydraulic cylinder and the pile frame remain unchanged.

[0035] 4. One end of the thrust mechanism is hinged to the bottom of the pile frame, and the other end is hinged to the turntable of the crawler crane. When the main boom is luffing, the thrust mechanism is adjusted to ensure that the pile frame is always in a vertical state. The position of the bottom of the pile frame is adjusted by the thrust mechanism to ensure the verticality of the pile frame to the ground and improve the efficiency of pile driving.

[0036] 5. The pulley block is connected to the hook by a lifting rope, and the hook is connected to the piling equipment. The pile frame is designed with guide rails that cooperate with the piling equipment slide frame to facilitate the up and down movement of the piling equipment and ensure that the relative position between the pile frame and the piling equipment remains unchanged.

[0037] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the main boom and the top of the pile frame in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the thrust mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thrust mechanism during the forward and backward adjustment in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the second adjusting cylinder in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second adjusting cylinder swinging to the right in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second adjusting cylinder swinging to the left in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the piling equipment in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the thrust mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 10 This is a top view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vibration damping mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the vibration reduction mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vibration damping mechanism in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 14 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the vibration damping mechanism in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Implementation

[0052] Example

[0053] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a vibratory crushed stone pile driving device includes a crawler crane 10, a main boom 1 mounted on the crawler crane 10, a pile frame 2, a wire rope 3, a counterweight 4, a tie rope 5, and a pile driving device 6. The pile driving device 6 is movably installed on the pile frame 2. During construction, taking advantage of the flexible movement of the crawler crane 10, after driving one pile, it can be moved to drive the next pile. At this time, crushed stone can be added to the previous pile. After adding the crushed stone, the pile can be extracted. This back-and-forth operation greatly improves the construction efficiency. The top of the pile frame 2 and the top of the main boom 1 are hinged together by the main shaft 11. The crawler crane 10 is equipped with a thrust mechanism 7 at one end near the bottom of the pile frame 2 to adjust the position of the bottom of the pile frame 2. Four pulley blocks 12 are fitted on the main shaft 11 for the wire rope 3 and the pull plate rope 5 to slide around, so that the main boom 1, the pulley blocks 12 and the pile frame 2 are coaxially arranged through the main shaft 11. After the wire rope 3 and the pull plate rope 5 pass through the pulley blocks 12, a hook 8 is set. The hook 8 is connected to the lifting point of the pile driving equipment 6 to pull the pile. The equipment 6 moves up and down along the pile frame 2, and pushes the bottom of the pile frame 2 to be on the same axis as the main shaft 11 through the thrust mechanism 7 to ensure that it is in a vertical state for easy pile alignment. A vertical cylinder 21 is provided at the end of the pile frame 2 away from the main shaft 11. One end of the vertical cylinder 21 is connected to the pile frame 2, and the other end abuts against the roadbed box 22. The thrust mechanism 7 includes a first support rod 71 hinged to the crawler crane 10, a second support rod 72 hinged to the pile frame 2, and a first adjusting cylinder 73 hinged to the first support rod 71 and the second support rod 72 respectively. The ends of the first support rod 71 and the second support rod 72 are hinged to each other and form an included angle α. The first adjusting cylinder 73 is used to adjust the size of the included angle α and control the front and rear distance between the bottom of the pile frame 2 and the crawler crane 10. A second adjusting cylinder 74 is provided on the side of the crawler crane 10 corresponding to the thrust mechanism 7. One end of the second adjusting cylinder 74 is hinged to the crawler crane 10, and the other end is connected to the thrust mechanism 7, thereby driving the thrust mechanism 7 to swing left and right.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this is a near-point opening position diagram of the thrust mechanism 7. When the ground is uneven or the main boom 1 undergoes a small range of amplitude changes, the included angle α is reduced by adjusting the extension and retraction of the first adjusting cylinder 73, thereby bringing the pile frame 2 closer to the crawler crane 10 and achieving verticality adjustment. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this is a diagram of the far-point opening position of the thrust mechanism 7. When the ground is uneven or the main boom undergoes a small range of amplitude changes, the included angle α is controlled to expand by adjusting the extension and retraction of the first adjusting cylinder 73, thereby moving the pile frame 2 away from the crawler crane 10 and achieving verticality adjustment. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the crawler crane 10 adjusts its verticality by extending and retracting the second adjusting cylinder 74 when the construction environment is uneven to the left. This, in turn, pushes the thrust mechanism to swing to the right. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, when the crawler crane 10 is not level to the right in the construction environment, it adjusts the extension and retraction of the second adjusting cylinder 74, thereby pushing the thrust mechanism to swing to the left to achieve verticality adjustment.

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 8 As shown, the piling equipment 6 includes a vibratory hammer 61 connected to a hook 8 and a crushed stone pile 9 held by the vibratory hammer 61. The vibratory hammer 61 is movably mounted on the guide rail 23 of the pile frame 2 via a slide frame 62. The hook 8 connects to the lifting point 611 of the vibratory hammer 61 and drives the vibratory hammer 61 to slide up and down along the pile frame 2. The top of the crushed stone pile 9 is provided with a hopper-shaped pile opening 91, and the bottom is provided with a flap 92. The opening diameter of the hopper-shaped pile opening 91 is larger than the internal diameter of the crushed stone pile 9. The bottom of the vibratory hammer 61 is provided with a seal that matches the hopper-shaped pile opening 9. The plug 63 is inserted into the hopper-shaped pile opening 91, forming a sealed space inside the crushed stone pile 9. The crushed stone pile 9 is provided with an air inlet 93 for connecting to an external air compressor. The vibrating hammer 61 is provided with a material level sensor 64 for detecting the material level inside the crushed stone pile 9 and a vibration damping mechanism 65 at one end corresponding to the hopper-shaped pile opening 91. The vibrating hammer 61 is provided with four clamps 66 for holding the crushed stone pile 9. The sealing plug 63 is located on the center line of the vibrating hammer 61. The sealing plug 63 is provided with a sealing ring 67 on the outside that abuts against the hopper-shaped pile opening 9 for sealing.

[0056] like Figure 8 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, the vibration damping mechanism 65 includes a mounting cavity 631 formed within a sealing plug 63 and a mounting plate 651 fixedly connected to the mounting cavity 631. The mounting plate 651 confines the radar level gauge 64 within the mounting cavity 631. The radar level gauge 64 is fixedly mounted on a level seat 652, with its detection part 641 protruding from the level seat 652. The mounting plate 651 has a detection slot 6511 corresponding to the radar level gauge 64. Multiple rubber vibration damping sleeves 653, equidistantly distributed around the radar level gauge 64, abut against both axial ends of the level seat 652. Bolts 654 pass through the axially corresponding rubber vibration damping sleeves 653 and the level seat 652, and are threadedly connected to the mounting plate 651 for easy installation and subsequent maintenance, forming a vibration damping space 655 for the radar level gauge 64 to be damped. Simultaneously, to improve... To enhance the stability of the high-vibration-damping mechanism 65, an annular gasket 656 is installed on the side of the rubber vibration damping sleeve 653 away from the material level seat 652. Bolts 654 pass through the annular gasket 656 to fix the radar level gauge 64 within the vibration-damping space 655, preventing the rubber vibration damping sleeve 653 from coming off and improving stability. Since the impact stiffness of the rubber vibration damping sleeve 653 is greater than its dynamic stiffness, and its dynamic stiffness is greater than its static stiffness, it helps to reduce impact deformation and dynamic deformation. It can fully absorb the vibration generated during the vibration driving and pulling of the pile, improving the accuracy of the radar level gauge 64 detection. At the same time, a cover plate 650 can be detachably installed on the mounting plate 651 corresponding to the detection slot 6511. The purpose is to seal the gas and protect the front of the radar level gauge 64 from dust contamination, which could lead to inaccurate detection. The cover plate is a plastic cover plate that can be penetrated by the radar. Example

[0057] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the thrust mechanism 7 includes a first support rod 71 hinged to the crawler crane 10, a second support rod 72 hinged to the pile frame 2, and a first adjusting cylinder 73 disposed inside the second support rod 72. The first support rod 71 is sleeved inside the second support rod 72 to form a sleeve-type telescopic structure and is connected to the output end of the first adjusting cylinder 73. The first adjusting cylinder 73 is used to adjust the length of the first support rod 71 extending out of the second support rod 72, control the distance between the bottom of the pile frame 2 and the crawler crane 10, and realize the front and rear adjustment of the pile frame 2. The crawler crane 10 is provided with a second adjusting cylinder 74 on one side corresponding to the thrust mechanism 7. One end of the second adjusting cylinder 74 is hinged to the crawler crane 10, and the other end is connected to the thrust mechanism 7, thereby driving the thrust mechanism 7 to swing left and right. Example

[0058] like Figure 13 , Figure 14As shown, the vibration damping mechanism 65 includes an installation cavity 631 formed within a sealing plug 63 and an installation plate 651 fixedly connected to the installation cavity 631. The installation plate 651 confines the infrared level gauge 64 within the installation cavity 631. The infrared level gauge 64 is fixedly mounted on the rubber vibration damping plate 657. The installation plate 651 has a detection slot 6511 corresponding to the position of the infrared level gauge 64. The rubber vibration damping plate 657 and the installation plate 631 are detachably connected by bolts for easy installation and subsequent maintenance. The detection part 641 of the infrared level gauge 64 protrudes from the rubber vibration damping plate 657 and is placed in the detection slot 6511, facilitating real-time detection of the level of the crushed stone pile 9. Since the impact stiffness of the rubber vibration damping plate 657 is greater than its dynamic stiffness, and its dynamic stiffness is greater than its static stiffness, it is beneficial for vibration damping. Minimal impact deformation and dynamic deformation can effectively absorb the vibration generated during pile driving and extraction, improving the accuracy of the infrared level gauge 64. Simultaneously, a cover plate 650 is detachably installed on the mounting plate 651 corresponding to the detection slot 6511. This is to seal the gas and protect the front of the infrared level gauge 64 from dust contamination, which could lead to inaccurate detection. The cover plate is a transparent plate that allows infrared light to penetrate. Utilizing the principle of non-diffusion during the propagation of infrared light emitted by the infrared level gauge 64, when the infrared light emitted from the infrared level gauge 64 encounters the crushed stone in the pile, it is reflected back and received by the infrared level gauge 64. The distance can then be calculated based on the time from emission to reception and the propagation speed of the infrared light, thus determining the filling coefficient of the crushed stone pile.

[0059] A construction process for driving piles using a vibratory crushed stone pile driving device includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. In order to facilitate the vibratory hammer 61 to clamp the crushed stone pile 9 smoothly, use an impact drill or GPS-10 drilling rig to drill a pile hole with a diameter of 1.1m and a depth of about 20m in the construction site. Use two cranes to insert part of the crushed stone pile 9 into the pile hole and ensure that it is vertical. Loosen the surface rocks and pond slag of the construction site or dig down to the mud surface soil layer.

[0061] S2. After GPS positioning, the crawler crane 10 adjusts the position of the main boom 1 and the thrust mechanism 7 so that the pile frame 2 is vertically set on one side of the crushed stone pile 9. A vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is set at the bottom of the pile frame 2. By driving the wire rope 3, the linkage hook 8 drives the vibratory hammer 61 to move down and clamp the crushed stone pile 9 in the pile hole, and then the pile is driven. The crawler crane 10 pulls the wire rope 3 to slowly pull back the hook and slowly drive the pile down. After the crushed stone pipe 9 is stable, it is quickly driven into the soil. A verticality detector is installed below the pile frame 2 to observe the verticality. The verticality of the crushed stone pile 9 is controlled within 1%.

[0062] S3. When starting the tunnel boring, first lower the vertical cylinder 21 at the bottom of the pile frame 2 carried by the crawler crane 10 to the ground, and check the verticality of the crushed stone pile 9 by observing the adjustment of the stroke of the support rod of the vertical cylinder 21.

[0063] S4. After the crushed stone pipe 9 is driven to the preset elevation, open the clamp 66 of the vibratory hammer to allow subsequent crushed stone to be fed into the crushed stone pile 9.

[0064] S5. Measure the volume of crushed stone according to the pile diameter (hopper-shaped pile opening) of the crushed stone pile 9, and transport the crushed stone into the hopper-shaped pile opening 91.

[0065] S6. The vibratory hammer 61 clamps the crushed stone pile 9, and the sealing plug 63 is inserted into the hopper-shaped pile opening 91, forming a sealed space inside the crushed stone pile 9. An air compressor is used to add air to the inside of the crushed stone pile 9 through the air inlet 93. Each crawler crane 10 is equipped with a 12m3 air compressor and a 3m3 air storage tank. A sealing ring 67 is installed on the top of the crushed stone pile 9, and after being clamped by the vibratory hammer 61, air is added until the air compressor pressure gauge reaches the range of 0.4-0.8MPa. Then the vibratory hammer pre-vibrates before pulling out the crushed stone pile. The speed of pulling out the crushed stone pile is controlled within 2 meters per minute. The material level sensor installed inside the crushed stone pile monitors the material surface inside the crushed stone pile in real time to ensure a filling coefficient of more than 1.2 until the pile is pulled out.

[0066] During the above construction process, if the sand layer is relatively thick, making it difficult to vibrate and drive the pipe, or if the driving speed is very slow, drilling or GPS-10 drilling rigs or the mixing head of excavators are used to conduct exploratory drilling or pilot drilling to avoid hard driving and ensure that the crushed stone piles are driven smoothly.

Claims

1. A vibratory stone pile driving device, comprising a crane, a main boom mounted on the crane, a pile frame, a hoisting rope, and pile driving equipment, wherein the pile driving equipment is movably mounted on the pile frame, characterized in that: The top of the pile frame is hinged to the main boom via a main shaft. A thrust mechanism for adjusting the bottom position of the pile frame is located at one end of the crane near the bottom of the pile frame. Several pulley blocks are mounted on the main shaft. The main boom, pulley blocks, and pile frame are coaxially arranged via the main shaft. A hook is attached to the hoisting rope after it passes over the pulley blocks. The hook connects to the pile driving equipment, pulling the equipment up and down along the pile frame. The thrust mechanism pushes the bottom of the pile frame to adjust its verticality. A second adjusting cylinder is located on one side of the crane corresponding to the thrust mechanism. One end of the second adjusting cylinder is hinged to the crane, and the other end is connected to the thrust mechanism, causing the thrust mechanism to swing left and right. The pile driving equipment includes a vibratory hammer connected to the hook and a crushed stone pile held by the vibratory hammer. The vibratory hammer is movably mounted on the pile frame via a sliding frame. The hook connects to the lifting point of the vibratory hammer and drives the vibratory hammer to slide up and down along the pile frame. The vibratory hammer faces the crushed stone pile. One end is equipped with several clamps for holding the crushed stone pile. The bottom of the vibratory hammer is equipped with a sealing plug adapted to the opening of the crushed stone pile. The sealing plug is inserted into the opening of the crushed stone pile along with the vibratory hammer and seals the opening of the crushed stone pile. One side of the crushed stone pile is equipped with an air inlet for connecting to an external air source. The end away from the sealing plug is equipped with a valve. The sealing plug is equipped with a material level sensor for detecting the material level inside the crushed stone pile and a vibration damping mechanism for damping the material level sensor. The vibration damping mechanism includes an installation cavity opened in the sealing plug and an installation plate fixedly connected to the installation cavity. The installation plate restricts the material level sensor in the installation cavity. The installation plate has a detection slot corresponding to the material level sensor. The material level sensor is fixedly installed on the material level seat, and its detection part protrudes from the material level seat. Both ends of the material level seat abut against several elastic vibration damping sleeves. Fasteners pass through the elastic vibration damping sleeves and the material level seat and are connected to the installation plate, forming a vibration damping space for the material level sensor to be damped inside.

2. The vibratory stone pile driving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical hydraulic cylinder is provided at one end of the pile frame away from the main shaft. One end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pile frame, and the other end abuts against the roadbed box.

3. The vibratory stone pile driving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thrust mechanism includes a first support rod hinged to the crane, a second support rod hinged to the pile frame, and a first adjusting cylinder hinged to the first and second support rods respectively. The ends of the first and second support rods are hinged to each other and form an included angle α. The first adjusting cylinder is used to adjust the size of the included angle α to control the distance between the bottom of the pile frame and the crane.

4. The vibratory stone pile driving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thrust mechanism includes a first support rod hinged to the crane, a second support rod hinged to the pile frame, and a first adjusting cylinder disposed inside the second support rod. The first support rod is sleeved inside the second support rod and connected to the output end of the first adjusting cylinder. The first adjusting cylinder is used to adjust the length of the first support rod extending out of the second support rod, thereby controlling the distance between the bottom of the pile frame and the crane.

5. The vibratory stone pile driving device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crane is equipped with a counterweight at the end away from the piling equipment. The counterweight is connected to a pull rope. One end of the pull rope is connected to the counterweight, and the other end passes over the pulley block and is connected to the hook.

6. A construction process for driving and extracting piles using a vibratory crushed stone pile driving device according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following steps: S1. Drill several pile holes at the construction site for the insertion of the crushed stone piles, and insert the crushed stone piles vertically into the pile holes. Loosen the surface rocks and pond slag at the construction site or dig down to the mud surface soil layer. S2. The crawler crane adjusts the position of the main boom and thrust mechanism to make the pile frame vertically set on one side of the crushed stone pile. A vertical hydraulic cylinder is installed at the bottom of the pile frame. By driving the hoisting rope, the linkage hook drives the vibratory hammer to move down and clamp the crushed stone pile in the pile hole to start the pile driving. The crawler crane pulls the hoisting rope to slowly return the hook and slowly drive the pile down. After the crushed stone pile is stable, it is quickly driven into the soil. A verticality detector is installed below the pile frame to observe the verticality. The verticality of the crushed stone pile is controlled within 1%. S3. Lower the vertical cylinder support rod to the ground and check the verticality of the crushed stone pile by observing the adjustment of the vertical cylinder support rod stroke. S4. After the crushed stone pile is driven to the preset elevation, open the clamp of the vibratory hammer to allow subsequent crushed stone to be fed into the crushed stone pile. S5. Measure the volume of crushed stone according to the volume of the crushed stone pile, and transport the crushed stone into the hopper-shaped pile opening. S6. The vibratory hammer clamps the crushed stone pile, and the sealing plug is inserted into the hopper-shaped pile opening to form a sealed space inside the crushed stone pile. An air compressor is used to add air to the inside of the crushed stone pile through the air inlet until the air compressor pressure gauge reaches the range of 0.4 to 0.8 MPa. Then, the vibratory hammer pre-vibrates before pulling out the crushed stone pile. The speed of pulling out the crushed stone pile is controlled within 2 meters per minute. The material level sensor installed inside the crushed stone pile monitors the material surface inside the crushed stone pile in real time to ensure a filling coefficient of more than 1.2 until the pile is pulled out.

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