Concrete structure rectangular opening formwork device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a device and method for supporting formwork for a rectangular opening of a concrete structure, comprising a middle support and a top plate, wherein the middle support comprises a transverse support rod and a vertical support rod, wherein the transverse support rod comprises a transverse fixing portion and a transverse telescopic portion, wherein the transverse fixing portion and the transverse telescopic portion are connected via a transverse sleeve; wherein the vertical support rod comprises a vertical fixing portion and a vertical telescopic portion, wherein the vertical fixing portion and the vertical telescopic portion are connected via a vertical sleeve; wherein a vertical support plate is provided at one end of the transverse telescopic portion, and a transverse support plate is provided at one end of the vertical telescopic portion; wherein the top plate comprises an upper top plate, a lower top plate, a left top plate and a right top plate, wherein the upper top plate, the lower top plate, the left top plate and the right top plate are hingedly connected by a plurality of lining plates; wherein a telescopic support rod is hingedly connected to each lining plate, wherein the end of the telescopic support rod is provided with an arc-shaped top plate. The present invention can select the number of lining plates for support according to the size of the opening, and has high adaptability and high reuse rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a device and method for supporting formwork for a rectangular opening of a concrete structure. Background Art

[0002] Generally, the construction methods used to set rectangular openings in concrete floors and concrete shear walls at construction sites include cutting wooden boards into long strips of a certain width, and then fixing wooden planks behind the template as supports and adjusting and fixing them with scaffolding pipes and U-braces; or purchasing standard steel templates according to the size of the openings for setting. Both of the above methods have disadvantages to varying degrees. When using wooden planks as supports, it is necessary to cut wooden planks of different lengths and widths according to rectangular openings of different sizes. The turnover of wooden planks is poor, and there is a waste of building materials. The standard steel templates purchased according to the size of the opening can only be used for one hole at a time, with poor adaptability, and need to be dismantled by force during dismantling. The opening may be damaged during the dismantling process, affecting the quality of construction.

[0003] The existing patent CN 218509029 U discloses a foldable concrete floor reserved hole casting support mold, including a front side panel, a rear side panel, a left side panel and a right side panel in four directions: front, rear, left and right. The front side panel and the rear side panel are parallel to each other, and the left side panel and the right side panel are parallel to each other. The middle panel shrinks and collapses inwards, and the double-side panels are folded and contracted by applying force in a single direction, so as to facilitate the implementation of support and disassembly. After being disassembled from the reserved hole, it can be completely folded into a board, which is convenient to carry and store. However, although the mold can be easily disassembled through the folding and contraction of the double-side panels, the mold also needs to be made for each hole and cannot be adapted to holes of different sizes. The auxiliary support rods also need to be made for the holes, and there will be a phenomenon of wasting building materials. Therefore, the use of the mold is still limited. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a device and method for supporting formwork for rectangular openings in a concrete structure, so as to achieve technical effects such as simple structure, applicability to openings of multiple different sizes, good adaptability, and less use of turnover materials.

[0005] In one aspect of the present invention, a rectangular hole formwork device for a concrete structure is provided, comprising a middle support and a top plate, wherein the middle support comprises a transverse support rod and a vertical support rod, wherein the transverse support rod comprises a middle transverse fixing portion and transverse telescopic portions on both sides, wherein the transverse fixing portion and the transverse telescopic portions on both sides are threadedly connected via transverse sleeves; wherein the vertical support rod comprises a vertical fixing portion and vertical telescopic portions on both sides, wherein the vertical fixing portion and the vertical telescopic portions on both sides are threadedly connected via vertical sleeves;

[0006] The top plate includes an upper top plate, a lower top plate, a left top plate and a right top plate, and the upper top plate, the lower top plate, the left top plate and the right top plate are respectively formed by hingedly connecting a plurality of lining plates, and each lining plate of the upper top plate is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each lining plate of the lower top plate, and each lining plate of the left top plate is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each lining plate of the right top plate;

[0007] Each lining plate is respectively hinged with a telescopic support rod, and the end of the telescopic support rod is provided with an arc-shaped top plate.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] The device provides main support for the opening template through transverse support rods and vertical support rods, and then uses the retractable support rods between the lining plate and the main support to complete the overall support of the opening template. It has higher adaptability, is applicable to a wider range of opening sizes, and has a high reuse rate.

[0010] Further, the preferred embodiment adopted by the present invention is:

[0011] The telescopic support rod comprises a hinged portion and a telescopic portion, the outer walls of the hinged portion and the telescopic portion are respectively provided with external thread structures, and the hinged portion and the telescopic portion of the same telescopic support rod are connected through a basket nut.

[0012] The telescopic support rods include vertical telescopic support rods and transverse telescopic support rods. The vertical telescopic support rods are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the transverse support rods, and the transverse telescopic support rods are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the vertical support rods.

[0013] Two adjacent lining plates on the same side are connected by hinges.

[0014] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for supporting a rectangular opening of a concrete structure, which is performed according to the following steps:

[0015] S1. After the reinforcement of the concrete plane component is tied, the formwork is supported, and then the device is placed in the hole;

[0016] S2. Adjust the horizontal expansion part and the vertical expansion part, and use the end of the horizontal expansion part to push the corresponding lining plate against the templates on the left and right sides; use the end of the vertical expansion part to push the corresponding lining plate against the templates on the upper and lower sides;

[0017] S3. Adjust the vertical telescopic support rod from the middle of the horizontal support rod to the left and right sides. Before adjustment, ensure that the telescopic support rods on the upper and lower top plates are in a vertical state. When adjusting, first rotate the telescopic part so that the arc-shaped top plate at its end is close to the horizontal support rod, and rotate the basket nut to fine-tune so that the arc-shaped top plate just hits the corresponding position of the horizontal support rod and the arc-shaped top plate;

[0018] S4. Adjust the telescopic support rod from the middle of the vertical support rod to the upper and lower sides. Before adjustment, ensure that the telescopic support rods of the left and right top plates are in a horizontal state. When adjusting, first rotate the telescopic part to make the arc-shaped top plate at its end close to the vertical support rod, and rotate the basket nut to fine-tune so that the arc-shaped top plate just hits the corresponding position between the vertical support rod and the arc-shaped top plate;

[0019] S5. After the construction of one opening is completed, the basket nut, the horizontal sleeve and the vertical sleeve are rotated to separate the telescopic support rod from the horizontal support rod and the vertical support rod to complete the dismantling, and then the next opening to be constructed is moved to repeat steps S1 to S4 for construction.

[0020] The method has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The main body is supported by horizontal support rods and vertical support rods, and each lining plate is supported by a retractable rod to achieve better fixation of the template. The device can be flexibly adjusted according to the size of the hole, has good adaptability, a wide range of applications, and a high reuse rate.

[0021] Further, the preferred solution adopted is:

[0022] When the size of the hole to be constructed is larger than the size of the corresponding top plate of the device, make several more lining plates and connect them with hinges to ensure that the size of the top plate in the device meets the requirements; when the size of the hole to be constructed is smaller than the size of the corresponding top plate of the device, rotate the basket nuts of the telescopic support rod 5 from the outside to the inside, adjust the telescopic support rod to the shortest, and then rotate the telescopic support rod to a state parallel to the width of the hole, and finally make the horizontal lining plate and the longitudinal lining plate intersect straight to support the hole template, and the lining plate that exceeds the hole size falls down. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a telescopic support rod;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting rod and the horizontal fixing part and the vertical fixing part;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of adjacent lining plates being connected by hinges;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the horizontal support rod, the vertical support rod and the connecting rod are connected;

[0029] In the figure: transverse support rod 1; transverse fixing part 101; transverse telescopic part 102; transverse sleeve 103; vertical support plate 104; vertical support rod 2; vertical fixing part 201; vertical telescopic part 202; vertical sleeve 203; transverse support plate 204; connecting rod 3; lining plate 4; telescopic support rod 5; basket nut 501; hinge part 502; telescopic part 503; arc-shaped top plate 6; hinge 7; hinge 8; top plate 9; upper top plate 901; right top plate 902; lower top plate 903; left top plate 904. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a rectangular hole formwork device for a concrete structure is mainly composed of a middle support and a top plate 9, etc. The middle support is mainly composed of a horizontal support rod 1 and a vertical support rod 2, etc.

[0032] like Figure 5 The transverse support rod 1 is composed of a middle transverse fixing part 101 and transverse expansion parts 102 placed on both sides of the transverse fixing part 101. The transverse fixing part 101 and the transverse expansion part 102 are respectively cut from round steel. A transverse sleeve 103 is welded at each end of the transverse fixing part 101, and an internal thread structure is arranged inside the transverse sleeve 103; an external thread structure is arranged on the outer wall of the transverse expansion part 102, which is threadedly connected to the transverse sleeve 103. During installation, one end of the transverse expansion part 102 is threadedly connected to the transverse sleeve 103, and a vertical support plate 104 is welded to the other end of the transverse expansion part 102.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, the vertical support rod 2 is composed of a vertical fixed part 201 in the middle and a vertical telescopic part 202 placed on both sides of the vertical fixed part 201. The vertical fixed part 201 and the vertical telescopic part 202 are also cut from round steel. A vertical sleeve 203 is welded to each end of the vertical fixed part 201, and an internal thread structure is arranged inside the vertical sleeve 203; an external thread structure is arranged on the outer wall of the vertical sleeve 203 to which the vertical sleeve 203 is threadedly connected. During installation, one end of the vertical telescopic part 202 is threadedly connected to the vertical sleeve 203, and a horizontal support plate 204 is welded to the end of the other end of the vertical telescopic part 202.

[0034] The transverse support rod 1 and the vertical support rod 2 are connected by a connecting rod 3. When connected, one end of the connecting rod 3 can be welded to the transverse fixing part 101, and the other end can be welded to the vertical fixing part 201; in this embodiment, the connecting rod 3 is a square tube, and the transverse fixing part 101 and the vertical fixing part 201 are cut into two parts from the center, and then welded to the two sides of the connecting rod 3 respectively. For example, the two parts of the transverse fixing part 101 are welded to the left and right sides of the connecting rod 3, and the two parts of the vertical fixing part 201 are welded to the upper and lower sides of the connecting rod 3 respectively.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the top plate 9 in this embodiment is composed of an upper top plate 901, a lower top plate 903, a left top plate 904 and a right top plate 902. The upper top plate 901, the lower top plate 903, the left top plate 904 and the right top plate 902 are respectively formed by hingedly connecting a plurality of lining plates 4. In this embodiment, the lining plates 4 in the upper top plate 901 and the lining plates 4 in the lower top plate 903 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the lining plates 4 in the left top plate 904 and the lining plates 4 in the right top plate 902 are also arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, two adjacent lining boards 4 are hinged by a hinge 8, and the side of the lining board 4 where the hinge 8 is not installed is in contact with the template.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a retractable support rod 5 is installed on the inner side of each lining plate 4 through a hinge support 7, and each retractable support rod 5 is composed of a hinged portion 502 and a retractable portion 503, respectively. The hinged portion 502 and the retractable portion 503 are screws, respectively, and the hinged portion 502 and the retractable portion 503 are connected by a basket nut 501; one end of the hinged portion 502 away from the basket nut 501 is hinged to the lining plate 4 through the hinge support 7, and one end of the retractable portion 503 away from the basket nut 501 is welded with an arc-shaped top plate 6 that is compatible with the horizontal support rod 1 or the vertical support rod 2.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, in order to facilitate the description of the telescopic support rods 5 at different positions, the inner side of the lining plate 4 of the upper top plate and the lower top plate is named as the vertical telescopic support rod, and the vertical telescopic support rod is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transverse support rod 1; the inner side of the lining plate 4 of the left top plate and the right top plate is the transverse telescopic support rod, and the transverse telescopic support rod is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical support rod 2. During installation, the hinged portion 502 of each vertical telescopic support rod is hinged with its corresponding lining plate 4 (the lining plate at the upper top plate or the lower top plate), and then the arc-shaped top plate 6 at the end of the telescopic portion 503 of the vertical telescopic support rod is pressed against the corresponding position of the transverse support rod 1; the hinged portion 502 of each transverse telescopic support rod is hinged with its corresponding lining plate 4 (the lining plate at the left top plate or the right top plate), and then the arc-shaped top plate 6 at the end of the telescopic portion 503 of the transverse telescopic support rod is pressed against the corresponding position of the vertical support rod 2.

[0039] When using this device, follow the steps below:

[0040] S1. After the reinforcement of the concrete flat component is tied, the formwork is supported and then the device is placed into the opening.

[0041] S2. Adjust the two transverse telescopic parts 102 and the two vertical telescopic parts 202 respectively, and use the vertical support plates 104 at the ends of the two transverse telescopic parts 102 to push the lining plates 4 at the corresponding positions onto the templates on the left and right sides; use the transverse support plates 204 at the ends of the two vertical telescopic parts 202 to push the lining plates 4 at the corresponding positions onto the templates on the upper and lower sides.

[0042] S3. Adjust the vertical telescopic support rod 5 from the middle of the transverse support rod 1 to the left and right sides. Take the upper top plate 901 as an example. Before adjustment, ensure that the vertical telescopic support rod of the upper top plate 901 is in a vertical state. When adjusting, first rotate the telescopic part 503 to make the arc-shaped top plate 6 at its end close to the transverse support rod 1, and then rotate the basket nut 501 to fine-tune so that the arc-shaped top plate 6 just hits the corresponding position of the transverse support rod 1 and the arc-shaped top plate 6; the adjustment method of the vertical telescopic support rod of the lower top plate 903 is the same as that of the upper top plate 901.

[0043] S4. After the vertical telescopic support rod is adjusted, the transverse telescopic support rod is adjusted from the middle of the vertical support rod 2 to the upper and lower sides. Taking the left top plate 904 as an example, before adjustment, ensure that the transverse telescopic support rod of the left top plate 904 is in a transverse horizontal state. When adjusting, first rotate the telescopic part 503 to make the arc-shaped top plate 6 at its end close to the vertical support rod 2, and then rotate the basket nut 501 for fine adjustment so that the arc-shaped top plate 6 just hits the corresponding position of the vertical support rod 2 and the arc-shaped top plate 6; the adjustment method of the transverse telescopic support rod on the right top plate 902 is the same as that of the left top plate 904.

[0044] S5. After the construction of one opening is completed, the basket nut 501, the horizontal sleeve 103 and the vertical sleeve 203 are rotated to separate the telescopic support rod 5 from the horizontal support rod 1 and the vertical support rod 2 to complete the dismantling, and then the next opening to be constructed is moved to repeat step S5 to carry out the construction.

[0045] If the size of the hole to be constructed is larger than the size of the corresponding top plate of the device, make a few more lining plates 4 and connect them with hinges 8 to ensure that the size of the top plate in the device meets the requirements; if the size of the hole to be constructed is smaller than the size of the corresponding top plate of the device, rotate the basket nut 501 of the telescopic support rod 5 from the outside to the inside (i.e., the left and right sides to the middle or the upper and lower sides to the middle), and adjust the telescopic support rod 5 to the shortest, and then rotate the telescopic support rod 5 to a state parallel to the width direction of the hole, and finally make the horizontal lining plate and the longitudinal lining plate intersect straight to support the hole template, and the lining plate that exceeds the hole size falls down.

[0046] In this embodiment, the direction of the device perpendicular to the drawing is the width direction of the hole, and one or more groups of the device can be arranged along the width direction of the hole to adjust the width of the hole.

[0047] The supporting device in the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The main body is supported by horizontal supporting rods and vertical supporting rods, and each lining plate is supported by a retractable rod to achieve better fixation of the template. In addition, the device can be flexibly adjusted according to the size of the hole, has good adaptability, a wide range of applications, and a high reuse rate.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rectangular hole formwork device for a concrete structure, comprising a middle support and a top plate, characterized in that: The middle support includes a transverse support rod and a vertical support rod. The transverse support rod includes a middle transverse fixed portion and transverse telescopic portions on both sides. The transverse fixed portion and the transverse telescopic portions on both sides are connected by transverse sleeve threads. The vertical support rod includes a vertical fixed portion and vertical telescopic portions on both sides. The vertical fixed portion and the vertical telescopic portions on both sides are connected by vertical sleeve threads. A vertical support plate is provided at one end of the transverse telescopic portion away from the transverse sleeve, and a transverse support plate is provided at one end of the vertical telescopic portion away from the vertical sleeve; The top plate includes an upper top plate, a lower top plate, a left top plate and a right top plate, and the upper top plate, the lower top plate, the left top plate and the right top plate are respectively formed by hingedly connecting a plurality of lining plates, and each lining plate of the upper top plate is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each lining plate of the lower top plate, and each lining plate of the left top plate is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each lining plate of the right top plate; Each lining plate is hinged with a retractable support rod, and the end of the retractable support rod is provided with an arc-shaped top plate; The telescopic support rod comprises a hinged portion and a telescopic portion, the outer walls of the hinged portion and the telescopic portion are respectively provided with external thread structures, and the hinged portion and the telescopic portion of the same telescopic support rod are connected by a basket nut; The telescopic support rods include vertical telescopic support rods and transverse telescopic support rods. The vertical telescopic support rods are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the transverse support rods, and the transverse telescopic support rods are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the vertical support rods.

2. The rectangular hole formwork device for concrete structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two adjacent lining plates on the same side are connected by hinges.

3. A method for supporting formwork for rectangular openings in concrete structures, characterized in that: The rectangular opening formwork device for a concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is carried out in accordance with the following steps: S1. After the reinforcement of the concrete plane component is tied, the formwork is supported, and then the device is placed in the hole; S2. Adjust the horizontal expansion part and the vertical expansion part, and use the end of the horizontal expansion part to push the corresponding lining plate against the templates on the left and right sides; use the end of the vertical expansion part to push the corresponding lining plate against the templates on the upper and lower sides; S3. Adjust the vertical telescopic support rod from the middle of the horizontal support rod to the left and right sides. Before adjustment, ensure that the telescopic support rods on the upper and lower top plates are in a vertical state. When adjusting, first rotate the telescopic part so that the arc-shaped top plate at its end is close to the horizontal support rod, and rotate the basket nut to fine-tune so that the arc-shaped top plate just hits the corresponding position of the horizontal support rod and the arc-shaped top plate; S4. Adjust the telescopic support rod from the middle of the vertical support rod to the upper and lower sides. Before adjustment, ensure that the telescopic support rods of the left and right top plates are in a horizontal state. When adjusting, first rotate the telescopic part to make the arc-shaped top plate at its end close to the vertical support rod, and rotate the basket nut to fine-tune so that the arc-shaped top plate just hits the corresponding position between the vertical support rod and the arc-shaped top plate; S5. After the construction of one opening is completed, the basket nut, the horizontal sleeve and the vertical sleeve are rotated to separate the telescopic support rod from the horizontal support rod and the vertical support rod to complete the dismantling, and then the next opening to be constructed is moved to repeat steps S1 to S4 for construction.

4. The method for supporting formwork for rectangular openings in concrete structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the size of the hole to be constructed is larger than the size of the corresponding top plate of this device, make several more lining plates and connect them with hinges to ensure that the size of the top plate in this device meets the requirements; when the size of the hole to be constructed is smaller than the size of the corresponding top plate of this device, rotate the basket nuts of the retractable support rod from the outside to the inside, adjust the retractable support rod to the shortest, and then rotate the retractable support rod to a state parallel to the width of the hole, and finally make the horizontal lining plate and the longitudinal lining plate intersect straight to support the hole template, and the lining plate that exceeds the hole size falls down.

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