Tension-compression energy-absorbing component and pre-stressed wall with energy-absorbing characteristics

Abstract

The application discloses a tension-compression energy-absorbing component and a pre-stressed wall with energy-absorbing characteristics. The tension-compression energy-absorbing component comprises a damping cylinder and a damper used for connecting and fixing a conductive steel bar. The damper is arranged in the damping cylinder and has a certain moving distance along the axial direction of the damping cylinder. The damping cylinder comprises a tension damping cylinder, a compression damping cylinder and a tension-compression combined cylinder. The damper comprises a tension damper, a compression damper and a double-end hollow bolt. The pre-stressed wall with energy-absorbing characteristics is provided with a set of pre-stress adjusting devices. A set of the tension-compression energy-absorbing components are arranged in the left and right wall bodies of the pre-stressed wall respectively. Since the energy-absorbing components and the stress adjusting devices are arranged in the wall body, the wall body can bear greater force and deformation, thereby keeping the stability and safety of the whole house, and the pre-stressed wall has great market prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a tension-compression energy-absorbing component and a prefabricated prestressed wall with energy-absorbing characteristics, and belongs to the technical field of civil construction industry. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is a strong country in infrastructure, but there is still room for improvement in green construction and green building. Prefabrication is the most important part of green engineering, which saves many processes of cast-in-place concrete engineering on the construction site, such as transportation of a large number of concrete mixers, transportation of steel bars and other materials, inconsistency of organization and coordination, etc. These will cause a lot of waste, pollution and safety hazards. Therefore, the construction method of China's engineering will gradually move towards prefabrication. Although prefabrication has been slowly realized in some bridge engineering, highway engineering and municipal engineering at the present stage, there is still a long way to go in housing engineering. In addition to the need to build a special prefabricated wall automatic factory, train relevant professional and technical personnel and high cost, the most core reason is people's concern about the safety of prefabricated houses, especially in terms of earthquake resistance. Prefabricated houses are not as good as cast-in-place concrete houses. Based on this, how to improve the safety of prefabricated houses and improve the seismic capacity is the research direction of scientific researchers.

[0003] The current research on prefabricated wall structure mainly has the following four aspects: first, the ordinary wall structure, by adjusting the concrete mix proportion, adding new admixtures, etc. to make the strength of the wall higher; second, the research on wall material, developing new type of concrete to make the strength of concrete material higher and the bending resistance better; third, improving the performance of steel bar material in the wall to make it have greater deformation capacity; fourth, installing energy-absorbing components in the wall to fully absorb the energy of external load, and finally making the wall in a stable state. The disadvantages of prefabricated wall structure in the current market include: 1. Ordinary wall structure, although the strength of the wall is enhanced by adjusting the mix proportion, etc., it cannot absorb energy and cannot withstand large deformation and damage, and finally still appears unstable; 2. New type of wall material, although the emergence of new type of concrete enhances the strength of the wall structure, it still cannot overcome the large deformation caused by external load and then fail; 3. The performance of steel bar material in the wall is improved, which to some extent increases the deformation capacity of the wall and has a certain energy-absorbing effect, but it cannot overcome the pressure load and cannot be replaced after deformation, which makes it difficult to maintain and reinforce in the later period, and cannot guarantee the safety in the future disaster; 4. The wall with energy-absorbing components installed in the wall has three problems, one is that the energy-absorbing components cannot absorb compression energy, but only absorb tensile energy; two is that the energy-absorbing components cannot be replaced or replaced inconveniently; three is that there is no prestress adjusting device.

[0004] In addition, a large number of wall stress destructive experiments show that the wall is prone to cracking damage due to the influence of dynamic load, and the cracking position is always concentrated in the left and right corners of the wall, as shown in Figure 1 Fig. 1. Wherein, ① is dynamic load, ② is wall, ③ is longitudinal steel in the wall, ④ is transverse steel in the wall, ⑤ is transverse and longitudinal cracks of the wall, and ⑥ is longitudinal steel breakage. Figure 1 From the damage state of the wall, it can be obtained that when a house structure is affected by an earthquake, the longitudinal steel inside the wall breaks, the bottom corner of the wall is damaged, the overall bearing capacity of the wall is greatly reduced, the danger coefficient is suddenly increased, and the house structure is inevitably unstable and collapsed, which is extremely dangerous. In this case, it is imperative to develop a tension-compression energy-absorbing component and a prefabricated wall with a bidirectional energy-absorbing characteristic. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the defects and deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a tension-compression energy-absorbing component and a prefabricated stress wall with an energy-absorbing characteristic, aiming to solve the problem of maintaining the stability and safety of the house by absorbing a certain amount of energy when the prefabricated house structure is affected by an earthquake.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0007] A tension-compression energy-absorbing component, comprising a damping cylinder and a damper for connecting and fixing a conductive steel, the damper is arranged in the damping cylinder, and the damping cylinder limits the movement distance of the damper along the axial direction of the damping cylinder.

[0008] The damping cylinder comprises a tensile damping cylinder, a compression damping cylinder and a combination cylinder, a ring platform is arranged at the center of the inner wall of the combination cylinder, internal threads are arranged at both ends of the combination cylinder, external threads are arranged at the lower end of the tensile damping cylinder and the upper end of the compression damping cylinder, the external threads are matched with the internal threads, the lower end of the tensile damping cylinder is fixedly connected with the combination cylinder in a threaded manner, and the upper end of the compression damping cylinder is fixedly connected with the combination cylinder in a threaded manner; the inner diameters of the tensile damping cylinder and the compression damping cylinder are consistent, the inner diameter of the ring platform is greater than the inner diameter of the tensile damping cylinder, and the ring platform has a certain thickness.

[0009] The damper has a symmetrical double-cone platform structure, the central diameter of the damper is greater than the inner diameter of the tensile damping cylinder and smaller than the inner diameter of the ring platform, and the diameters of the two end faces of the damper are smaller than the inner diameter of the tensile damping cylinder.

[0010] Further, the damper comprises a tensile damper, a compression damper, a double-end hollow bolt, the tensile damper and the compression damper are the same structure and symmetrically arranged; the tensile damper has a conical frustum shape structure, is provided with a cavity allowing the conductive steel bar to penetrate along the axial direction, and is provided with an internal thread at the end with a larger diameter, the internal thread is matched with one end of the double-end hollow bolt, a clamping piece for clamping the conductive steel bar is arranged in the cavity of the tensile damper, and the conductive steel bar penetrates through the damper and is clamped and fixed by the damper.

[0011] Further, the damper comprises a tensile damper, a compression damper, a double-end hollow bolt, the tensile damper and the compression damper are the same structure and symmetrically arranged; the tensile damper has a conical frustum shape structure, is provided with a cavity allowing the conductive steel bar to penetrate along the axial direction, and is provided with an internal thread at the end with a larger diameter, the internal thread is matched with one end of the double-end hollow bolt, a clamping piece for clamping the conductive steel bar is arranged in the cavity of the tensile damper, and the conductive steel bar penetrates through the damper and is clamped and fixed by the damper.

[0012] A prefabricated stress wall with energy absorption characteristics, a conductive steel bar is vertically fixed in the left and right wall bodies of the prefabricated stress wall respectively, and a set of tensile and compressive energy absorption components are arranged in the lower left and right wall bodies of the prefabricated stress wall respectively, and the tensile and compressive energy absorption components are fixedly connected with the conductive steel bar.

[0013] Further, a set of prestress adjusting devices are arranged in the prefabricated stress wall, the prestress adjusting devices comprise a frame and two lateral stress steel bars, two independent stress applying gears and gear blocking pieces are arranged in the frame, steel bar locks are arranged on the lower sides of the frame respectively, one end of each lateral stress steel bar is in a sawtooth structure, the sawtooth structure end of the lateral stress steel bar penetrates through the steel bar lock into the inside of the frame, the sawtooth structure is engaged with one stress applying gear, the lateral stress steel bar outside the frame penetrates through a protective pipe, and an anchoring piece is fixedly connected to the outer end of the lateral stress steel bar.

[0014] Advantages: the application has the following innovative features:

[0015] (1) The tensile and compressive energy absorption components have the characteristics of bidirectional energy absorption. The tensile and compressive energy absorption components in the application can withstand a large range of tensile deformation and compressive deformation without being damaged, which is completely superior to the mechanical properties and design concepts of other materials and structures.

[0016] (2) The tensile and compressive energy absorption components are easy to replace. The threaded connection in the application can quickly and conveniently replace the tensile and compressive energy absorption components, which is a highlight. This makes the wall body restored to the state of a newly built wall body after replacing the tensile and compressive energy absorption components, greatly reducing the maintenance cost and ensuring safety.

[0017] (3) The tensile and compressive energy absorption concept of the prefabricated stress wall is innovative. The installation of the tensile and compressive energy absorption components and the prestress adjusting devices in the wall body allows the wall body to absorb energy in the form of deformation under the action of live load to the greatest extent, thereby keeping the wall body in a stable and safe state.

[0018] (4) The prefabricated stress wall can exert prestress. The prestress adjusting device in the application is not available in other assembled walls. The ingenious design and installation of the prestress adjusting device can not only anchor the wall body and provide load force as the transverse steel bars of the wall body, but also can exert force on the new tension-compression energy-absorbing component to meet the working preparation state through the on-site prestress exertion after the tension-compression energy-absorbing component is replaced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of stress deformation of a common wall body.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of stress deformation of the prefabricated stress wall with tension-compression energy-absorbing characteristics.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prefabricated stress wall.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the tension-compression energy-absorbing component.

[0023] Figure 5 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the damping cylinder.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the damper and the conductive steel bar.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the prestress adjusting device.

[0026] Markings in the figure: A: tension-compression energy-absorbing component, B: prestress adjusting device, C: wall body; φ18 longitudinal steel bar 2, φ18 transverse steel bar 3, prestress adjusting device outer frame 4, gear blocking piece 5, stress exertion gear 6, transverse stress steel bar lock 7, transverse stress steel bar sawtooth 8, transverse stress steel bar protection tube 9, φ12 transverse stress steel bar 10, steel bar anchoring piece 11, tension-compression energy-absorbing component installation space 12, φ20 tension-compression conductive steel bar 13, upper cover piece 14, tensile damping cylinder 15, tension-compression combined cylinder 16, compression damping cylinder 17, fixed buckle 18, tensile damper 19, hollow double-end bolt 20, compression damper 21, clamping piece group 22, ring table 161. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0028] For example, Figures 2-3As shown, a tension and compression energy-absorbing component A includes a damping cylinder and a damper, the damper is used to connect and fix the conductive steel bar 13, in use, the conductive steel bar penetrates the damper and is clamped and fixedly connected by the damper, the damper is arranged in the damping cylinder, the damping cylinder is used to limit the movement stroke of the damper, the damper has a certain bidirectional free movement distance along the axial direction of the damping cylinder, the free movement distance is small, for example, 5-10 mm, and the movement of the damper beyond the distance will be limited by the damping of the damping cylinder.

[0029] Specifically, as Figures 4-6 The damping cylinder includes a tension damping cylinder 15, a compression damping cylinder 17, and a tension and compression combined cylinder 16, the tension and compression combined cylinder 16 is provided with a ring table 161 at the center of the inner wall of the tension and compression combined cylinder 16, the tension and compression combined cylinder 16 is provided with internal threads at both ends, the tension damping cylinder 15 is provided with external threads at the lower end, and the compression damping cylinder 17 is provided with external threads at the upper end, the external threads are matched with the internal threads, the lower end of the tension damping cylinder is fixedly connected with the tension and compression combined cylinder through threads, and the upper end of the compression damping cylinder is fixedly connected with the tension and compression combined cylinder through threads, the threaded connection is firm, and is convenient for assembly and disassembly; the tension damping cylinder 15 is further provided with an upper cover plate 14 at the upper end, and the conductive steel bar 13 can pass out of the upper cover plate 13; the inner diameters of the tension damping cylinder 15 and the compression damping cylinder 17 are consistent, the inner diameter of the ring table 161 is greater than the inner diameter of the tension damping cylinder, and the ring table has a certain thickness, and the cooperation of the specific size makes a certain open annular space exist between the lower end of the tension damping cylinder 15 and the upper end of the compression damping cylinder 17 to accommodate the damper.

[0030] The damper has a symmetrical double-cone table shape structure, is similar to a shuttle shape, is thick in the middle and thin at both ends, the central diameter of the damper is greater than the inner diameter of the tension damping cylinder 15 and is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring table 161, and the diameters of the two end faces of the damper are smaller than the inner diameter of the tension damping cylinder. The damper includes a tension damper 19, a compression damper 21, and a double-head hollow bolt 20, the tension damper 19 and the compression damper 21 are the same in structure and are symmetrically arranged; the tension damper 19 has a cone table shape structure, is provided with a cavity allowing the conductive steel bar to penetrate along the axial direction, and is provided with internal threads at the end with a larger diameter, the internal threads are matched with one end of the double-head hollow bolt for connection, the cavities of the tension damper and the compression damper are both provided with a clamping piece group 22 for clamping the conductive steel bar, the conductive steel bar 13 penetrates the damper and is clamped by the clamping piece group through the threaded connection of the double-head hollow bolt, so that the damper and the conductive steel bar are integrated, which is firm in connection and convenient for assembly and disassembly.

[0031] As Figures 2-3 , Figure 7As shown, a set of prestress adjusting device B, the prestress adjusting device includes frame 4 and left and right two transverse stress reinforcement 10, in the frame 4 is provided with two independent stress exertion gear 6 and gear blocking piece 5, the lower part of the frame is provided with reinforcement lock 7 on both sides, the lock only allows the reinforcement to enter, one end of each transverse stress reinforcement 10 is sawtooth structure 8, the sawtooth structure end of the transverse stress reinforcement passes through the reinforcement lock and enters the frame inside, the sawtooth structure 8 is engaged with a stress exertion gear 6, the transverse stress reinforcement 10 located outside the frame passes through the protection pipe, and the outer end of the transverse stress reinforcement 10 is fixedly connected with the anchoring piece 11.

[0032] A prefabricated prestressed wall (such as Figures 2-3 ), a conductive steel bar 13 is vertically fixed in the left and right walls of the prefabricated prestressed wall body C, a set of tension-compression energy absorption components A is arranged in the left and right lower parts of the prefabricated prestressed wall body, and the tension-compression energy absorption components A are fixedly connected with the conductive steel bars 13. A set of prestress adjusting devices B is also arranged in the middle of the wall. The prestress adjusting device B is located in the middle of the wall body and above the tension-compression energy absorption components A. The A, B and C parts are coupled with each other, so that the stability and safety of the wall body are greatly improved. When an earthquake comes, the house structure will move with the ground shaking. The dynamic load generated by this movement will act on all components in the house structure, including the wall structure. The Figure 2 For example, when left and right dynamic loads act on the wall body C, the left and right feet of the wall body will be repeatedly subjected to tension and compression. Because the concrete material is a brittle material, tension is likely to cause the concrete wall to be damaged, so the tension deformation at this time mainly relies on the tension-compression energy absorption components A to bear, so as to ensure that the internal steel bars of the wall will not be broken. When the wall is compressed, if ordinary steel bars are placed, since they are tension components, compression will cause them to be dislocated and deformed, causing secondary damage to the integrity of the wall. When the tension-compression energy absorption components A are placed, compression deformation can be effectively dealt with, and the wall body remains in an intact state during the process of maintaining stability. With the end of the earthquake, the tension-compression energy absorption components A have completed the energy absorption and deformation task, and new tension-compression energy absorption components A need to be replaced to ensure that the wall body has the original bearing capacity to face new challenges. After the wall body replaces the new tension-compression energy absorption components A, the wall body needs to enter the state of maximum bearing capacity, so the wall stress adjusting device B needs to be used to load prestress on the wall body.

[0033] The prefabricated prestressed wall described above needs to be made in advance in a factory as a fabricated wall structure, and the manufacturing steps thereof in the factory are as follows.

[0034] First step: First according to the steps of pouring concrete wall, support formwork and bind steel bars. First fix longitudinal steel bars 2 and transverse steel bars 3, and leave the positions of prestressed adjusting device B and tension-compression energy absorption component A according to the design requirements, wherein the prestressed adjusting device is the finished product processed by us, and the others are scattered components for convenient installation and disassembly.

[0035] Second step: Install the prestressed adjusting device. The front section of φ12 transverse stress steel bar 10 is made into a sawtooth 8 shape, and then the front section sawtooth 8 is inserted through the transverse stress steel bar lock buckle 7, which only allows the steel bar to enter and is directly locked when the steel bar exits. After the stress application gear 6 engages the front section sawtooth 8 of the steel bar, the rear section of the φ12 transverse stress steel bar 10 is inserted through the transverse stress steel bar protection tube 9, which prevents the concrete from directly contacting the transverse stress steel bar 10 and allows it to move inside the tube. After the rear end of the steel bar 10 passes through the protection tube 9, it is connected with the steel bar anchoring piece 11, which mainly fixes the rear end of the steel bar 10 to prevent it from sliding when the prestressed adjusting device applies stress to the steel bar 10.

[0036] Third step: Install the tension-compression energy absorption component. First, place the φ20 tension-compression transmission steel bar 13 in place, with its upper section fixed to the transverse steel bar 3 and its lower end first inserted through the upper cover piece 14 and the tensile damping cylinder 15, wherein the upper cover piece 14 prevents concrete from flowing into the tensile damping cylinder 15. Then, the lower end of the φ20 tension-compression transmission steel bar 13 is sequentially inserted through the tensile damper 19 with the installed clamping piece group 22, the hollow double-headed bolt 20, and the compression damper 21 with the installed clamping piece 22, and the tensile damper 19 and the compression damper 21 are connected by the hollow double-headed bolt 20. Then, the combined tension-compression damper is inserted through the tension-compression combination cylinder 16, which is connected with the tensile damping cylinder 15 and the compression damping cylinder 17 by the tension-compression combination cylinder 16. Finally, the tension-compression energy absorption component is connected with the wall body bottom steel plate by the fixing buckle 18.

[0037] Fourth step: Pour concrete to form a complete wall. When the concrete strength reaches 70%, the φ12 transverse stress steel bar 10 is pulled by rotating the stress gear 6 to apply stress to the wall, and the specific stress application size is related to the purpose of the wall. After the concrete is completely solidified, it can be transported to the house construction site for assembly.

[0038] When the wall is subjected to left and right dynamic load, the tension and compression energy-absorbing components on both sides of the wall will be compressed and stretched in turn. For example, when the left side of the wall is subjected to a horizontal force, the wall will tilt to the right side as the force value increases. At this time, the tension and compression energy-absorbing components on the left side of the wall will be stretched, and when the tension reaches 80% of the maximum force value of the φ20 tension and compression conducting steel, the stretching damper 19 will start to slide in the stretching damping cylinder 15, while generating a continuous friction force. At the same time, the tension and compression energy-absorbing components on the right side of the wall will also be compressed, and when the compression reaches 80% of the maximum force value of the φ20 tension and compression conducting steel, the compression damper 21 will slide in the compression damping cylinder 17 and generate a continuous friction force.

[0039] When the wall is subjected to a strong dynamic load, the tension and compression energy-absorbing components inside the wall have already worked and their energy-absorbing performance has decreased. At this time, new energy-absorbing components need to be replaced. The replacement steps are as follows: open the tension and compression energy-absorbing component installation space 12, and sequentially remove the fixing buckle 18, the compression damping cylinder 17, the tension and compression combined cylinder 16, the hollow double-headed bolt 20, the compression damper 21, the stretching damper 19, the stretching damping cylinder 15, and the upper cover plate 14. The new parts can be installed in reverse order, and the new tension and compression energy-absorbing components will continue to absorb energy under the action of dynamic load. After the new tension and compression energy-absorbing components are installed, stress adjustment needs to be performed again, and then the wall needs to be repainted.

[0040] In summary, the present application is a prefabricated stress wall structure with tension and compression bidirectional energy-absorbing characteristics, which has the following advantages: first, the concrete material used is ordinary material, and the internal energy-absorbing components can absorb the tension and compression deformation energy of the external load applied to the wall, keeping the wall in a stable state; second, when the mechanical properties decrease after the energy-absorbing components work completely, we can replace them in time, which is convenient and feasible; third, after the energy-absorbing components are replaced, stress adjustment can be performed on the wall to ensure that the energy-absorbing components are in a working state, and also improve the integrity of the wall. It can effectively solve the stress deformation problem of houses during earthquakes, keeping the houses in a stable and safe state. The biggest difference between it and other prefabricated walls at this stage is that the energy-absorbing components and stress adjustment devices are installed inside the wall, which enables the wall to withstand greater force and deformation, thereby maintaining the stability and safety of the entire house, and has great market prospects.

Claims

1. A tension-compression energy absorbing member, characterized by: The damping cylinder limits the movement distance of the damper along the axial direction of the damping cylinder; The damping cylinder comprises a tensile damping cylinder, a compression damping cylinder and a combined tensile and compression cylinder, the combined tensile and compression cylinder is provided with a ring platform in the center of the inner wall thereof, the two ends of the combined tensile and compression cylinder are provided with internal threads, the lower end of the tensile damping cylinder and the upper end of the compression damping cylinder are provided with external threads, the external threads are matched with the internal threads, the lower end of the tensile damping cylinder is fixedly connected with the combined tensile and compression cylinder in a threaded manner, and the upper end of the compression damping cylinder is fixedly connected with the combined tensile and compression cylinder in a threaded manner; the inner diameters of the tensile damping cylinder and the compression damping cylinder are consistent, the inner diameter of the ring platform is greater than the inner diameter of the tensile damping cylinder, and the ring platform has a certain thickness; the damper has a symmetrical double-cone platform structure, the central diameter of the damper is greater than the inner diameter of the tensile damping cylinder and smaller than the inner diameter of the ring platform, and the diameters of the two end faces of the damper are smaller than the inner diameter of the tensile damping cylinder.

2. A tensile-compressive energy-absorbing member according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper comprises a tensile damper, a compression damper and a double-end hollow bolt, the tensile damper and the compression damper have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged; the tensile damper has a conical platform structure, is provided with a cavity allowing the conductive steel bar to penetrate therethrough in the axial direction thereof, and is provided with an internal thread at the end with a larger diameter, the internal thread is matched with one end of the double-end hollow bolt, and a clamping piece for clamping the conductive steel bar is arranged in the cavity of the tensile damper, the conductive steel bar penetrates through the damper and is clamped and fixed by the damper.

3. The tensile-compressive energy-absorbing member according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper cover piece is further arranged at the upper end of the tensile damping cylinder, and the conductive steel bar penetrates out of the upper cover piece.

4. A pre-stressed wall having energy absorbing properties, characterized by: A conductive steel bar is vertically fixed in the left and right wall bodies of the prefabricated stress wall, and a set of the tensile and compression energy absorption members as claimed in claim 1 are arranged in the left lower wall body and the right lower wall body of the prefabricated stress wall respectively, and the tensile and compression energy absorption members are fixedly connected with the conductive steel bar.

5. The pre-stressed wall with energy absorption characteristics as claimed in claim 4 wherein: A set of prestress adjusting devices are further arranged in the prefabricated stress wall.

6. The pre-stressed wall with energy absorption characteristics as claimed in claim 5 wherein: The prestress adjusting device comprises a frame and two lateral stress steel bars, two independent stress applying gears and gear blocking pieces are arranged in the frame, steel bar locks are arranged at the lower sides of the two sides of the frame respectively, one end of each lateral stress steel bar is provided with a sawtooth structure, the sawtooth structure end of the lateral stress steel bar penetrates through the steel bar lock into the inside of the frame, the sawtooth structure is engaged with one stress applying gear, the lateral stress steel bar located outside the frame penetrates through a protection pipe, and an anchoring piece is fixedly connected to the outer end of the lateral stress steel bar.

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